CN1095357C - 用于吸收物品的吸收件及其制造方法 - Google Patents

用于吸收物品的吸收件及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN1095357C
CN1095357C CN94107875A CN94107875A CN1095357C CN 1095357 C CN1095357 C CN 1095357C CN 94107875 A CN94107875 A CN 94107875A CN 94107875 A CN94107875 A CN 94107875A CN 1095357 C CN1095357 C CN 1095357C
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伊贺上隆光
城户勉
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Abstract

一种吸收件,包括一吸收芯,一可渗液覆盖片和一设在吸收芯和覆盖片11之间的网片,网片至少在吸收芯朝内面上比在两侧区域和两端部区域有更高的开口率。

Description

用于吸收物品的吸收件 及其制造方法
本发明涉及一种用于吸收物品—例如一次性尿布或卫生巾—的吸收件,以及制造这种吸收件的方法。
现在,吸收体已被广泛的应用,其包括一可渗液片,例如覆盖在吸收芯上的棉纸,吸收芯包括绒毛纸浆,或绒毛纸浆与超吸收聚合物的混合物。因为绒毛纸浆是细的纤维,超吸收聚合物是粉末或细的颗粒,在将其覆盖以棉纸和类似物之前,通常将其预成型为所需形状的芯子,而在上述物品的制造过程中易于输送,并在使用中防止纤维聚积和颗粒从物体中漏出。例如,日本人Kokai的(未审查)专利No.Sho51-103545公开了这种覆盖技术的一般内容。
通常,尽管吸收体覆盖了一层棉纸,但随着它们吸收了液体,而使绒毛纤维缠结而变松并且棉纸破裂,而体吸收体变形。这使使用者在使用时不舒服,并在使用后难于处理。避免这种不便的一个措施是提高吸收体的湿强度。例如,日本Kokai的(未审查)专利No.Sho57-82504中建议了防止吸收体走形,其是通过用合成树脂形成的网片覆盖包括绒毛纸浆的吸收芯,形成一吸收体,然后将网片固定在物品基片的朝内面上。U.S专利No.3,587,579公开了一种技术,其用一网片—例如编织纤维或非编织纤维的粗网覆盖绒毛纸浆,以形成一吸收体,其提高了抗拉强度。这种技术也用于防止吸收体走形。
这些普通技术都采用了网片。从吸收体的吸收性能的观点看,网片最好有较高的开口率。但从防止吸收体走形的保护性能的观点看,网片最好有较低的开口率,以加强吸收体的湿强度。因此,这两种性能相互为相反的关系。所以,得到有两种性能的吸收体的尝试都失败了,而结果是只能放弃它们中的一个。
本发明目的在于解决先有技术的上述问题,其提供了一种吸收件,特别地将有较高开口率的网片置于吸收芯的中部区域上,并将网片设于吸收芯和用于覆盖吸收芯的覆盖层之间。本发明还提供了用于制造包含这种网片的吸收件的方法。
本发明采用下述步骤解决上述问题:
(1)本发明的用于吸收物品的吸收件的前提是,吸收件设于吸收物品可渗液的顶片和不渗液的基片之间。
在这一前提下,本发明的区别特征是,吸收件有一吸收芯,一可渗液覆盖片用于至少覆盖芯一个朝内的面,和一热塑合成树脂制的网片,其置于吸收芯和覆盖片之间,网片在朝内表面中部区域比分别围绕中部区域的横向两侧区域和纵向两端区域有更高的开口率。
在吸收件的最佳实施例中,网片热粘合在吸收芯和覆盖片的一个上。在另一实施例中,网片是一三层夹片,包括有一较高熔点的中层片,熔点低于中层熔点的上、下层片。
(2)在制造本发明吸收件的方法中,本方法的一个区别特征是至少包括下述步骤,其有一前提:吸收件包括一吸收芯,其覆盖有一可渗液覆盖片和一网片,并适于设在吸收物品的可渗液顶片和不渗液基片之间。
(a)在一连续供应的热塑性合成树脂片上提供许多在其运动方向以预定图形方式布置的切口的步骤;
(b)拉长树脂片,而形成有较高开口率的横向中部区域的网片的步骤;
(c)将网片中部区域置于吸收芯朝内面中部区域以覆盖吸收芯的步骤;
(d)用覆盖片覆盖吸收芯和网片的步骤。
在本方法的最佳实施例中,还包括将网片热粘合在吸收芯和覆盖片中一个上的步骤。
即使在包括覆盖吸收芯的网片的吸收件吸收液体而呈湿的状态时,网片保持其强度而有助于防止吸收件走形。网片在吸收芯中部区域有较高的开口率,以致不会妨碍其吸收速率。同时,网片在绕吸收芯中部区域上有较低的开口率,以在吸收芯和顶片之间保持良好的透气性,并防止身体流出物从吸收芯四周部分漏出。另外,当为了固定位置而将网片热粘合在吸收芯或覆盖片上时,其用于限制吸收芯的运动,以致能更有效地保持吸收件的形状。
为了得到这种网片,在合成树脂横向中部区域形成开口,以致当其在一个方向传送时,其形成的开口率较高。为此,在合成树脂片均匀拉伸之前在其中部区域比其相对的侧边区域形成更多的切口。另一方面,一些切口均匀地形成于树脂片的宽度方向,并将树脂片拉伸,使拉伸速率在中部区域比在相对侧边区域更高。
在网片包括三层夹片并且中层材料选为比上、下层片有更高熔点的情况下,即使在上、下层片熔化的温度下,中层片也能牢固地固定并不会过分软化,以致能有利于热粘合作业。
图1为一次性尿布的部分切开的透视图;
图2是图1中沿X-X线的端视图;
图3是吸收件平面图;
图4是与图3相类似的吸收件平面图,示出了网片的另一实施例;
图5是吸收件一个实施例的端视图;
图6是与图5不同的吸收件另一实施例端视图;
图7是与图5和图6都不同的吸收件另一实施例端视图;
图8是制造吸收件的工序示意图;
图9是热塑性树脂片的局部平面图,示出了切口结构(A)和(B)的实施例。
下面参照附图描述本发明的用于吸收物品的吸收件和制造这种吸收件的方法。
图1示出了一个吸收物品—例如一次性尿布1—的部分切去的透视图,其包括应用了本发明的吸收件2。一次性尿布1有一可渗液的顶片3,一不可渗液的基片4,一吸收件2设于顶片3和基片4之间,弹性片5,6分别沿腿周侧缘和后部的腰周侧缘设置,紧固带设于后部两侧边上。
图2是图1中沿X-X线的端视图。顶片3和基片4分别由点划线表示,棉纸11由虚线表示,这将在后面描述。
图3是应用于一次性尿布的吸收件2的平面图。通过虚线表示棉纸11的周边形状。
在图2和图3中,吸收件2包括一预成型的矩形吸收芯10,其包括绒毛纸浆和超吸收聚合物的混合物,用于覆盖吸收芯10的棉纸11设于吸收芯10和覆盖吸收芯10的棉纸11之间的网片。两片棉纸11分别覆盖了一朝内面10A和一朝外面10B。两片纸相互设于吸收芯10周边之外,并可相互粘合。
网片12为一三层夹片,包括一中间的聚丙烯层和乙烯—醋酸乙烯脂,其整体地叠合在中间聚丙烯层的上、下表面。网片12有纵向延伸的连续的厚(或粗)丝13,和从厚丝13横向延伸的短的薄(细)丝14。一对相邻的薄丝14在一对相邻的厚丝13之间横向延伸,以在其中形成一开口15。厚和薄丝13,14在吸收芯10朝内面10A的网片横向中部区域16有较宽的间隔,以加大开口15的面积,所以提供较高的开口率。在中部区域两侧,任何厚丝13和薄丝14间隔较密,以致开口15较难形成,或如果形成时,只形成较小的面积,以提供低的开口率。
与棉纸11相同,两张网片12分别覆盖一朝内面10A和一朝外面10B。该两网片从吸收芯10周边向外延伸而形成边缘部分,在该处,上和下乙烯—醋酸乙烯脂以间断方式相互熔合固定并进一步熔合在棉纸11和吸收芯10上。网片12的开口15是通孔,而允许身体流出物经顶片3排出并向吸收芯10流动。图示的厚和薄丝13,14分别相对于横向和纵向有些倾斜,其取决于网片12的制造方法,这后面将要描述。
因为有覆盖并熔合固定在吸收芯10上的网片结构而使吸收件2限制了吸收芯10的自由运动,所以在使用时,包含了吸收件2的一次性尿布,能承受使用者的任何剧烈运动而保持其外形。另外,因为在即使湿的状态下网片12的强度也不降低,所以即使在吸收了身体流出物之后,尿布1也能保持其形状。网片12在身体流出物较多的中部区域从更高的开口率,以致其不会产生减慢身体流出物吸收速率的有害作用。另一方面,网片12有低开口率的相对侧边区域17,在该处,厚和薄的丝13,14相互的间隔较密,以使网片12熔合固定在吸收芯10上的面积加大。这有助于在一大的面积上限制吸收芯10的移动,以致加强了网片的形状保持作用,并提高了吸收芯10的拉伸强度,并进一步防止了所吸收的身体流出物从吸收芯10侧部漏出。在两侧区域17上有开口15仍然允许空气通过吸收芯10和顶片3之间,以使尿布1不会蒸烘。为了实现上述作用,网片12在中部区域16最好有40-98%的开口率,在其相对的侧边区域17最好有5-60%的开口率,使其中部区域16的开口率总是保持高于相对的侧边区域17。
图4是与图2相同的吸收物2的平面图。然而,网片12转了90°。这样作就能提高吸收件2的横向拉伸强度,并防止身体流出物从相对的端部区域漏出。
这里应注意到,虽然这里没有图示,但两个网片12可以厚丝13相互交叉的方式设置。当如此设置网片时,在两侧部区域和两顶部区域都有较低的开口率。
图5至7为端视图,分别示出了与图2相似的吸收件2的各种实施例。在图5中,棉纸11的宽度稍小于网片12。网片12在吸收芯10两侧边有小开口15。如果吸收芯10中的绒毛纸浆和超吸收聚合物不可能通过网片12漏出,那么可以要求棉纸11仅覆盖吸收芯10的朝内或朝外表面10A,10B,或仅覆盖其中部区域。在图6中,网片12和棉纸11都缠绕吸收芯10。在图7中,网片12和棉纸11覆盖置于基片4上的吸收芯10。还要有一顶片3将它们覆盖。可沿吸收芯10的两侧边将网片12固定在基片4上,并且,如果需要,可沿其外边缘固定,以防止吸收芯10走形。
图8代表性地示出了用于制造吸收件2的工序的示意图。在该工序中,提供了第一和第二挤压机51,52用于形成两个网片12,其分别覆盖吸收芯12的内、外面,第一和第二切口器53,54,和第一和第二拉幅机55,56,第一挤压机51形成一聚丙烯片57,其有两个面,乙烯—醋酸乙烯脂片58叠合在该两个面上,形成第一三层片61。第二挤压机52形成有两个面的聚丙烯片57,乙烯—醋酸乙烯脂片58叠合在两个面上,形成第二三层片62。第一和第二切口器53,54分别在第一和第二三层片61和62上切割,形成以预定图形在运动方向延伸的切口。然后,通过第一和第二拉幅机55,56分别以预定速率拉伸三层片,以使三层片上的切口被拉开而形成孔15。这些有孔15的片形成了第一和第二连续的网片63,64,它们基本上是相同的。
将在另一工序(未示)中预成型的分离的吸收芯10以预定间隔放在第一连续网片63上,将第二连续网片64导入位于其上,然后沿吸收芯10侧边或四周粘合在第一连续网片63上。第一和第二连续棉纸65,66被送进分别位于第一和第二连续网片63,64上,并沿吸收芯10侧边或四周被相互压合或粘合固定。然后,切刀66将组件切成分离的单个吸收芯10,以致能得到单个的吸收件2。
图9为平面图,通过(A)和(B)例举了拉伸前、后第一和第二三层片61,62上纵向长切口图案的应用,其中,(1)和(2)分别显示了进行拉伸之前和之后的状态。在图9(A)中,在第一和第二三层片61,62上的切口70在横向为均匀分布。在图9(B)中,在第一和第二三层片61和62上的切口70在横向中部区域为紧密的分布。
在(A)状态的第一和第二三层片61,62在图8的拉伸工序中被拉伸,使在其中部给予较高的拉伸速率。在(B)状态的第一和第二三层片61、62被拉伸,使在其横向给予均匀的拉伸速率。这种拉伸的结果是第一和第二连续网片63,64和分别由其得到的网片12在中部区域比在两侧边区域有更高的开口率。当(I)中所示的切口图形形成于三层片61,62上时,由(II)所产生的纵向和横向厚和薄丝13,14的斜角根据所施加的拉伸速率而变化。
在图8所示工序中,第一和第二连续网片63,64能在适当的位置熔合固定在第一和第二连续的棉纸65,66和吸收芯上。因为各网片63,64两个表面有高熔接的乙烯—醋酸乙烯脂层,所以仅需稍微加热就可将它们熔合固定。另外,即使在乙烯—醋酸乙烯脂层熔化的温度,因使用了聚丙烯作为中间层,就能使其保持稳定。所以,便于进行固定作业。
当网片12装在尿布1中时,这一点是重要的:在身体流出物排出的位置,网片要有高的开口率。最好网片12在其他位置—包括朝向基片4的位置—有低的开口率,以使不致降低吸收芯10的拉伸强度,并能有效地防止身体流出物泄漏,同时尿布1几乎不会蒸烘。第一和第二网片63,64可根据相应的使用目的而具有不同的数量和特征。
网片12的典型例子是一三层片,其厚度在30-200微米范围内,包括厚度在10-60微米范围内的聚丙烯片,和厚度各在10-80微米范围内的乙烯—醋酸乙烯脂片。使用具有送进方向分子定向的聚丙烯片和乙烯—醋酸乙烯脂片便于切口70和孔15的成形。由绒毛纸浆或绒毛纸浆与超吸收聚合物的混合物预成型的制品可用作吸收芯12。
本发明的吸收件包括网片,其由热塑性树脂成型而覆盖吸收芯,使其能保持形状。网片在吸收芯中间部分上有高开口率,使其不致妨碍身体流出物的吸收速率,在围绕吸收芯中间区域的区域有低的开口率,而使吸收芯和覆盖片能在一个大的面积上相互熔合固定。于是,所得到的大的固定面积用于限制吸收芯的移动,并进一步提高了防止吸收芯走形的保护作用。
在连续送进的热塑性树脂片上形成切口和随后的拉伸便于制造有选择开口率的网片。
网片用于防止身体流出物从吸收芯周边区域漏出。

Claims (5)

1.一种用于吸收物品的吸收件,所述吸收件设于一可渗液顶片和一不可渗液的基片之间,包括:
一吸收芯;
一可渗液覆盖片,用于至少覆盖所述吸收芯的朝内面;
一网片,设于所述吸收芯和所述覆盖片之间,并在所述朝内面的中部区域比分别围绕所述中部区域的两侧区域和两纵向端部区域有更高的开口率;所述网片为一三层夹片,包括一有较高熔点的中层片,熔点低于所述中层片熔点的上、下层片。
2.如权利要求1所述的吸收件,其中,所述网片被热粘合在所述吸收芯和所述覆盖片中之一上。
3.一种制造吸收件的方法,吸收件有一可渗液的覆盖片和一用于覆盖吸收芯的网片,其适于设在吸收物品的可渗液的顶片和不可渗液的基片之间,所述方法包括下述步骤:
(a)在一连续送进的热塑性合成树脂片上形成许多切口,切口在所述树脂片运动方向以预定的图案方式排列;
(b)拉伸所述树脂片,形成所述的网片,其具有开口率较高的横向中部区域;
(c)将所述网片的中部区域置于所述吸收芯朝内面中部区域上,以覆盖所述吸收芯;
(d)用所述覆盖片覆盖所述吸收芯和所述网片。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其中,还包括:将所述网片热粘合在所述吸收芯和所述覆盖片中至少一个上的步骤。
5.如权利要求3所述的方法,其中,所述网片为一三层夹片,包括一有较高熔点的中层片,熔点低于所述中层片熔点的上、下层片。
CN94107875A 1993-07-15 1994-07-15 用于吸收物品的吸收件及其制造方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1095357C (zh)

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