CN109532464B

CN109532464B - Electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for electric automobile

Info

Publication number: CN109532464B
Application number: CN201811583677.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邱忠才; 郭冀岭; 刘黎; 石章海; 陆可
Original assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2018-12-24
Filing date: 2018-12-24
Publication date: 2021-07-23
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-24
Also published as: CN109532464A

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for an electric automobile, which comprises a hub, a dustproof shell, a brake clamp, a rubber sleeve and a bolt hole, wherein a tire is installed on the outer side of the hub, the motor shell is embedded in the inner side of the hub, a brake pad and an installation seat are fixed with each other, the brake clamp and a support shaft are fixed with each other through a fixed seat, a permanent magnet is embedded in a fixed clamp, a motor stator is arranged on one side of the fixed clamp, a through hole is formed in the motor stator, a power device and a stator winding are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the motor stator, and a signal acquisition conditioner is arranged on one side of the power device. The electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for the road electric automobile relieves axle constraint, each wheel is a power wheel, theoretically, each wheel can rotate at certain degree, the running mode and direction of the automobile are liberated, and more driving and parking modes which are impossible for the existing automobile are provided.

Description

Electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for electric automobile

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile manufacturing, in particular to an electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for an electric automobile.

Background

The rapid development of the automobile industry has greatly promoted the technical progress of human beings and the development of the economic society, but the automobile brings great disadvantages while benefiting human beings, wherein the environmental pollution and the energy consumption are targeted for the public. The pollution caused by internal combustion engine automobiles is increasingly serious, and the damage to the environment caused by tail gas, noise, heat island effect and the like is already to the extent that the pollution needs to be controlled and managed. The situation is more serious especially in large and medium cities with dense population and crowded traffic. Meanwhile, the internal combustion engine automobile is powered by valuable nonrenewable natural resources such as fuel, natural gas and the like, the efficiency of the internal combustion engine is low, the natural resources are greatly wasted when being directly burnt as fuel, and statistics show that the natural resources such as the oil, the natural gas and the like can only be maintained for decades again according to the current consumption speed. The environmental pollution and the resource consumption caused by internal combustion engine automobiles greatly threaten the health and survival of human beings.

The electric vehicle is a clean and efficient urban vehicle in the 21 st century, and is an integrated product of latest achievements in vehicle engineering, electric traction technology, electronic technology, intelligent control, chemical energy, computers, new materials and other engineering technologies. The electric vehicle takes electric power as power, can realize diversified configuration of energy, and relieves people from worrying about increasingly exhausted petroleum resources; as a clean novel vehicle, the vehicle can have no emission or low emission during running; meanwhile, the electric vehicle also has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in use and maintenance and the like, so that people pay general attention to the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle is greatly developed.

The concept of the traditional axle and electric drive axle integration scheme is that the traditional axle and electric drive axle integration scheme is system integration, light weight and miniaturization in spite of two-in-one, three-in-one or multiple-in-one. However, the wheels themselves are also wheels, and the two wheels need to be connected with each other through an axle, only whether the axle is a simple axle or is integrated with other parts such as a motor, and the front axle and the rear axle are also mechanically connected according to needs. The structure form restrains the movement of the wheels at two sides by the existence of the axle in essence, the rotation angle range is limited, and particularly, the rear wheels of most vehicle types do not have rotation angle characteristics. The existing power dispersion type driving motor, namely a hub motor, has an operating principle of whatever type, and is evolved from the traditional motor type, namely a traditional radial magnetic flux design scheme is adopted, a motor stator and a motor rotor take a motor rotating shaft as a center, one is a radial excircle and the other is a radial inner circle, the size of the motor structural form is increased along with the increase of power under the traditional automobile design platform, the design becomes difficult for the limited volume in a wheel, and the system integration becomes more difficult to consider under the condition.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for an electric automobile, which aims to solve the problem that the concept of the traditional axle and electric drive axle integration scheme proposed by the background technology is system integration, light weight and miniaturization no matter the concept is ' two-in-one ' or three-in-one ' or ' all-in-one '. However, the wheels themselves are also wheels, and the two wheels need to be connected with each other through an axle, only whether the axle is a simple axle or is integrated with other parts such as a motor, and the front axle and the rear axle are also mechanically connected according to needs. The structure form restrains the movement of the wheels at two sides by the existence of the axle in essence, the rotation angle range is limited, and particularly, the rear wheels of most vehicle types do not have rotation angle characteristics. In the invention, the hub motor and the electric control part are integrated, the axle constraint is removed, each wheel is a power wheel, theoretically, each wheel can rotate for 360 degrees, the running mode and the direction of the vehicle are liberated, and more driving and parking modes which are impossible for the conventional vehicle are provided. For example, the vehicle can be parked in a side position by rotating the wheels by 90 degrees and then moving the wheels forward and backward. In addition, because the motor is arranged in the wheel, the driving mode is a direct driving mode from the angle of each wheel, mechanical construction such as a transmission shaft and a gearbox of a transmission automobile is not needed, and the structure is greatly simplified. The existing power dispersion type driving motor, namely a hub motor, has an operating principle of whatever type, and is evolved from the traditional motor type, namely a traditional radial magnetic flux design scheme is adopted, a motor stator and a motor rotor take a motor rotating shaft as a center, one is a radial excircle and the other is a radial inner circle, the size of the motor structural form is increased along with the increase of power under the traditional automobile design platform, the design becomes difficult for the limited volume in a wheel, and the problem that the system integration becomes more difficult under the condition is considered.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for an electric automobile comprises a wheel hub, a dustproof shell, a brake clamp, a rubber sleeve and bolt holes, wherein a tire is installed on the outer side of the wheel hub, a motor shell is embedded in the inner side of the wheel hub, a second bearing and a first bearing are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the motor shell, a support shaft penetrates through the inner parts of the first bearing and the second bearing, the wheel hub and the motor shell are fixed through a first fixing bolt, a connecting seat is arranged at the end point of the support shaft, the connecting seat and the wheel shell are fixed through a second fixing bolt, a steering connecting shaft is arranged at the top of the wheel shell, the dustproof shell is installed on one side of the motor shell, the motor shell and the dustproof shell are fixed through a third fixing bolt, a brake pad is arranged in the dustproof shell, and the brake pad and a mounting seat are fixed with each other, brake clamp with through reciprocal anchorage between fixing base and the back shaft, brake clamp inlays in the inboard of brake block, the rubber sleeve is installed in one side of dust-proof housing, the bolt hole sets up in the surface of motor casing, one side of back shaft is provided with the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is inlayed in the inside of fixing clip, one side of fixing clip is provided with motor stator, the last via hole of having seted up of motor stator, the motor stator left and right sides is provided with power device and stator winding respectively, one side of power device is provided with the signal acquisition conditioner.

Preferably, the outer diameter of the motor shell is equal to the outer diameter of the hub, and the hub and the motor shell form a detachable structure through a first fixing bolt.

Preferably, the support shaft and the connecting seat are integrated, and the support shaft connecting seat and the motor shell form a rotating structure through a first bearing and a second bearing.

Preferably, the wheel shell is arc-shaped, and the wheel shell and the steering connecting shaft are of an integral structure.

Preferably, the number of the installation bases is six, the installation bases are distributed at equal angles, and the installation bases and the motor shell are fixed mutually.

Preferably, the fixed seat is of an arc-shaped structure, and the external dimensions of the fixed seat and the supporting shaft are matched with each other.

Preferably, the permanent magnet is the sectional type structure, and every two sets of permanent magnets are a set of N utmost point that constitutes, and the S utmost point is the same reason, the N utmost point is six with S utmost point magnetic pole number, the permanent magnet adopts samarium cobalt permanent magnet material.

Preferably, the stator winding and the power device form an electrical connection through a via hole, and the power device and the motor stator are attached to each other.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to an electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for an electric automobile, which integrates a hub motor and an electric control part, relieves the constraint of an axle, each wheel is a power wheel, and theoretically, each wheel can rotate at a certain degree, thereby liberating the driving mode and the direction of the automobile and providing more driving and stopping modes which are impossible by the existing automobile. For example, the vehicle can be parked in a side position by a way of the wheels moving forward and backward after rotating. In addition, because the motor is arranged in the wheel, the driving mode is a direct driving mode from the angle of each wheel, mechanical construction such as a transmission shaft and a gearbox of a transmission automobile is not needed, and the structure is greatly simplified;

the axial flux motor form is adopted to replace the traditional radial flux motor, namely, the stator and the rotor of the motor are two parallel planes along the axial direction, the structural form provides possibility for further reasonably optimizing the space utilization rate, and especially for the hub motor of the electric automobile, a possible scheme is provided for system integration, power density improvement, efficiency improvement, volume reduction and weight reduction.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for an electric vehicle according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of an electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for an electric vehicle according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for an electric vehicle according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor of an electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for an electric vehicle according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure at A of an electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for an electric vehicle according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a brake pad and a brake clamp of an electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for an electric vehicle according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. wheel hub, 2, the tire, 3, the motor casing, 4, first bearing, 5, the second bearing, 6, the back shaft, 7, first fixing bolt, 8, the connecting seat, 9, second fixing bolt, 10, the wheel casing, 11, turn to the connecting axle, 12, dustproof shell, 13, third fixing bolt, 14, brake block, 15, the mount pad, 16, brake clamp, 17, the fixing base, 18, the rubber sleeve, 19, the bolt hole, 20, the permanent magnet, 21, the fixing clip, 22, motor stator, 23, the via hole, 24, stator winding, 25, power device, 26, the signal acquisition opsonizer.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-6, the present invention provides a technical solution: an electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for an electric automobile comprises a wheel hub 1, a tire 2, a motor shell 3, a first bearing 4, a second bearing 5, a support shaft 6, a first fixing bolt 7, a connecting seat 8, a second fixing bolt 9, a wheel shell 10, a steering connecting shaft 11, a dustproof shell 12, a third fixing bolt 13, a brake pad 14, a mounting seat 15, a brake clamp 16, a fixing seat 17, a rubber sleeve 18, a bolt hole 19, a permanent magnet 20, a fixing clamp 21, a motor stator 22, a via hole 23, a stator winding 24, a power device 25 and a signal acquisition conditioner 26, wherein the tire 2 is mounted on the outer side of the wheel hub 1, the motor shell 3 is embedded on the inner side of the wheel hub 1, the outer diameter of the motor shell 3 is equal to the outer diameter of the wheel hub 1, the wheel hub 1 and the motor shell 3 form a detachable structure through the first fixing bolt 7, and maintenance and disassembly of the device are facilitated, the left side and the right side of the motor shell 3 are respectively provided with a second bearing 5 and a first bearing 4, a support shaft 6 is inserted into the first bearing 4 and the second bearing 5, the support shaft 6 and the connecting seat 8 are of an integral structure, the support shaft connecting seat 8 and the motor shell 3 form a rotating structure through the first bearing 4 and the second bearing 5, so that the motor shell 3 can rotate on the support shaft 6 conveniently, the hub 1 and the motor shell 3 are fixed through a first fixing bolt 7, the end point of the support shaft 6 is provided with a connecting seat 8, the connecting seat 8 and the wheel shell 10 are fixed through a second fixing bolt 9, the wheel shell 10 is arc-shaped, the wheel shell 10 and a steering connecting shaft 11 are of an integral structure, so that the structure between the wheel shell 10 and the connecting shaft 11 is more stable, and the top of the wheel shell 10 is provided with a steering connecting shaft 11, the dustproof shell 12 is installed on one side of the motor shell 3, the motor shell 3 and the dustproof shell 12 are fixed through a third fixing bolt 13, a brake block 14 is arranged inside the dustproof shell 12, the brake block 14 and an installation seat 15 are fixed mutually, the installation seat 15 is provided with six, the installation seat 15 is distributed at equal angles, the installation seat 15 and the motor shell 3 are fixed mutually, the brake block 14 is convenient to install and fix, a brake clamp 16 is fixed mutually with a supporting shaft 6 through a fixing seat 17, the fixing seat 17 is of an arc-shaped structure, the appearance size between the fixing seat 17 and the supporting shaft 6 is matched mutually, the fixing seat 17 and the supporting shaft 6 are convenient to fix mutually, the brake clamp 16 is inlaid in the inner side of the brake block 14, a rubber sleeve 18 is installed on one side of the dustproof shell 12, a bolt hole 19 is formed in the surface of the motor shell 3, one side of back shaft 6 is provided with permanent magnet 20, permanent magnet 20 is the sectional type structure, and every two sets of permanent magnet 20 are a set of N utmost point that constitutes, and the S utmost point is the same reason, the N utmost point is six with the S utmost point magnetic pole number, permanent magnet 20 adopts samarium cobalt permanent magnet material, and the reduction loss improves motor efficiency, alleviates motor weight, permanent magnet 20 is the metallic glass material, permanent magnet 20 inlays in the inside of fixing clip 21, one side of fixing clip 21 is provided with motor stator 22, the via hole 23 has been seted up on motor stator 22, the motor stator 22 left and right sides is provided with power device 25 and stator winding 24 respectively, stator winding 24 and power device 25 constitute electric connection through via hole 23, laminate each other between power device 25 and the motor stator 22, be convenient for motor stator 22 give power device 25 with heat transfer, one side of power device 25 is provided with signal acquisition conditioner 26, the power device 25 and the signal acquisition conditioner 26 are inverter parts, the power device 25 is an IGBT, and the signal acquisition conditioner 26 is a signal acquisition and conditioning circuit and a central control processor. The signal acquisition and conditioning circuit comprises a driving part and a sensor, and the central control processor is in a DSP + FPGA structure.

The working principle is as follows: when using this energy-conserving axial flux motor of electromechanical integral type for electric automobile, at first rotate to connecting axle 11, turn to connecting axle 11 and can drive the rotation of wheel shell 10, and then wheel shell 10 under the effect of back shaft 6, drive wheel hub 1, tire 2 and motor casing 3 rotate, realize the accent of car to the problem, remove the axletree restraint, every wheel all is the power wheel, theoretically every wheel all can 360 degrees rotations, liberated the driving mode and the direction of vehicle, provided the not driving and parking mode of more current vehicles. For example, the vehicle can be parked in a side position by rotating the wheels by 90 degrees and then moving the wheels forward and backward. In addition, the motor is arranged in the wheel, so that the driving mode is a direct driving mode from each wheel angle, mechanical construction such as a transmission shaft and a gearbox of a transmission automobile is not needed, the structure is greatly simplified, the motor of the device supplies power, the motor shell 3 on the outer side of the motor stator 22 starts to rotate, the motor shell 3 drives the hub 1 and the tire 2 to rotate, the vehicle can be driven to run, the brake clamp 16 is started to clamp the brake pad 14, and the rotation speed of the motor shell 3 starts to decrease due to the fact that the brake pad 14 and the motor shell 3 are fixed with each other, and therefore a series of work is completed.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an energy-conserving axial flux motor of electromechanical integral type for electric automobile, includes wheel hub (1), dust cover (12), brake clamp (16), rubber sleeve (18) and bolt hole (19), its characterized in that: the tire (2) is installed in the outer side of the wheel hub (1), the motor casing (3) is embedded in the inner side of the wheel hub (1), the second bearing (5) and the first bearing (4) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the motor casing (3), the supporting shaft (6) is inserted into the first bearing (4) and the second bearing (5), the wheel hub (1) and the motor casing (3) are fixed through a first fixing bolt (7), the end point of the supporting shaft (6) is provided with a connecting seat (8), the connecting seat (8) and the wheel casing (10) are fixed through a second fixing bolt (9), a steering connecting shaft (11) is arranged at the top of the wheel casing (10), the dustproof casing (12) is installed on one side of the motor casing (3), and the motor casing (3) and the dustproof casing (12) are fixed through a third fixing bolt (13), a brake block (14) is arranged in the dustproof shell (12), the brake block (14) and the mounting seat (15) are fixed with each other, the brake clamp (16) is mutually fixed with the supporting shaft (6) through a fixed seat (17), the brake clamp (16) is embedded in the inner side of the brake block (14), the rubber sleeve (18) is arranged on one side of the dustproof shell (12), the bolt holes (19) are arranged on the surface of the motor shell (3), a permanent magnet (20) is arranged on one side of the supporting shaft (6), the permanent magnet (20) is embedded in the fixing clip (21), one side of the fixing clip (21) is provided with a motor stator (22), a via hole (23) is arranged on the motor stator (22), a power device (25) and a stator winding (24) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the motor stator (22), a signal acquisition conditioner (26) is arranged on one side of the power device (25);

permanent magnet (20) are the sectional type structure, and every two sets of permanent magnet (20) are a set of N utmost point that constitutes, and the S utmost point is the same reason, the N utmost point is six with S utmost point magnetic pole number, permanent magnet (20) adopt samarium cobalt permanent magnet material.

2. The electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the external diameter size of motor casing (3) equals with the external diameter size of wheel hub (1), wheel hub (1) and motor casing (3) constitute detachable construction through first fixing bolt (7).

3. The electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the supporting shaft (6) and the connecting seat (8) are integrated, and the supporting shaft connecting seat (8) and the motor shell (3) form a rotating structure through the first bearing (4) and the second bearing (5).

4. The electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the appearance of wheel shell (10) is the arc, be structure as an organic whole between wheel shell (10) and turning to connecting axle (11).

5. The electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mounting seat (15) is provided with six, the mounting seat (15) is distributed at equal angles, and the mounting seat (15) and the motor casing (3) are fixed to each other.

6. The electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixing seat (17) is of an arc-shaped structure, and the outline dimensions of the fixing seat (17) and the outline dimensions of the supporting shaft (6) are matched with each other.

7. The electromechanical integrated energy-saving axial flux motor for the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stator winding (24) and the power device (25) form electric connection through the through hole (23), and the power device (25) and the motor stator (22) are attached to each other.