CN109526937A - A kind of production method of pangolin skinned-specimen - Google Patents
A kind of production method of pangolin skinned-specimen Download PDFInfo
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- CN109526937A CN109526937A CN201811341150.3A CN201811341150A CN109526937A CN 109526937 A CN109526937 A CN 109526937A CN 201811341150 A CN201811341150 A CN 201811341150A CN 109526937 A CN109526937 A CN 109526937A
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- pangolin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of production methods of pangolin skinned-specimen, include the following steps, 1) morphometry: the Chinese pangolin for the dead confiscated is taken, is carried out by morphologic observation and measures and keeps a record for pangolin；2) hide decorticating: the processing of its tail portion is the skin cut off in the tail outside of belly with " Z " font under scale and shell；3) anti-corrosion: hide is subjected to alcohol immersion and smears preservative, preservative includes boric acid, alum and camphor；4) mounting bracket: bracket is done with three iron wires；5) filling and suture: ultralight clay is selected to do packing material；6) moulding, installation ocular prosthesis.The pangolin skinned-specimen shape beauty true to nature; phenomena such as without mouldy, rotten change; this method can be widely used in the guidance production of pangolin sample, have stronger practical application value, meaningful in Zoological Teaching, scientific research and animal protection public education activity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the production methods of zoological specimens, and in particular to a kind of production method of pangolin skinned-specimen.
Background technique
In recent years, global wild animal illegal transaction activity is very rampant, can all there is the individual largely illegally smuggled every year
It is forfeit, the method for generalling use burning or burial to wherein dead individual is handled.On the other hand, due to current biological
Protection of Diversity there is an urgent need to forbid to capture wild animal production sample from field, so that current Zoological Teaching and scientific research
It is supplemented with sample extremely difficult, it appears more in short supply, especially those rare species samples.If the death that can will be confiscated
Individual is fabricated to Saving specimen and gets off, for can then seem more in Zoological Teaching, scientific research and animal protection public education activity
Added with meaning.
Many people wish that the pangolin for the dead that will be checked and detained is fabricated to Saving specimen and gets off now, but due to its form spy
To change, the most of hard scale and shell by armor shape of whole body wraps up, and especially tail portion is wrapped up by scale and shell completely, and hide removing difficulty is big,
Requirement for anticorrosion is high, and preparation of specimen is difficult to carry out according to general mammal skinned-specimen production method.Therefore, it is investigated and prosecuted through public security bureau
Dead individual is seldom made into Saving specimen and gets off in the pangolin confiscated and (confiscated), and majority is burned or buried, and ten
Divide unfortunate.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve problem above, General Principle method of the present invention according to skinned-specimen production, has fully considered and has worn mountain
First Morphology Anatomy feature, is proved the production program formulated for pangolin skinned-specimen repeatedly, the results showed that, with this side
The Chinese pangolin sample shape beauty true to nature of method production, can be stored, this method at no mouldy, rotten phenomena such as becoming, damaging by worms for a long time
It can be widely used in various pangolin preparation of specimen guidances, there is stronger practical application value.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of production methods of pangolin skinned-specimen.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of production method of pangolin skinned-specimen, comprises the following steps:
1) morphometry: taking the Chinese pangolin for the dead confiscated, and carries out morphologic observation to pangolin and measures and do
Record；
2) it hide decorticating: is cut and is extended forwardly at neck lower jaw along animal thorax abdomen median line with scalpel, backward
Anus is extended to, then removes hide to two sides, tail portion processing is in the case where the tail outside of belly is close to scale and shell with dissecting scissors at anus
Skin the skin under scale and shell is cut off with " Z " font along the orientation of scale and shell；
3) anti-corrosion: hide is subjected to alcohol immersion and smears preservative, alcohol concentration 75%, preservative includes boron
Acid, alum and camphor, use ratio 6:2:2；
4) mounting bracket: bracket is done with three iron wires；
5) filling and suture: ultralight clay is selected to do packing material；
6) moulding, installation ocular prosthesis.
Step 1) be to pangolin body overall length, head body length, tail length, neck circumference, shoulder height, bust, waistline, stern height, forelimb perimeter,
Hind leg perimeter is measured and is kept a record, the foundation as the production of sample moulding, filling and body-post；
Since pangolin is small in step 2), and the most of hard scale and shell by armor shape of body surface wraps up, only neck abdomen
Side, thorax abdomen, four limbs inside, sole are exposed, and tail portion is then wrapped up by scale and shell completely, in addition its nose rhynchodaenm is tapering, ear and eye are small,
Four limbs tubbiness, skin is firmly thick, and subcutaneous connective tissue is flourishing, and skin is tightly linked with muscle, and hide decorticating difficulty is very big, is easy to lead
It should leak very with caution if meeting blood exudation intestinal contents when removing, i.e., when causing skin injury and scale and shell to fall off, therefore removing
It is removed with cotton balls and land plaster；
It is cut and is extended forwardly at neck lower jaw along animal thorax abdomen median line with scalpel, extand rearward to anus,
Then remove hide to two sides, pangolin external ear is smaller, be close to external ear base portion with dissecting scissors and cut, eye and external ear base portion distance compared with
Closely, it after having removed external ear, is cut with scalpel close to eye socket, periocualr skin is relatively thin, pays attention to protecting eyelid, eyelid destruction can reduce
The aesthetic degree and its authenticity of sample；
Pangolin tail is different from general mammal, is wrapped up completely by scale and shell, and the stripping that cannot directly fall pulls out, and needs to cut
Removing is close to the skin under scale and shell with dissecting scissors at anus in the tail outside of belly and is cut off along the orientation of scale and shell with " Z " font
Skin (Fig. 1) under scale and shell, the removing of side cutting edge；
After skin is completely exfoliated, on the inside of scalpel gently scratch rawhide, remove extra musculature and subcutaneous fat,
It is sure not to damage hide and scale and shell, is finally rinsed, dried by hide wash clean, then with flowing water with dish washing liquid；
Step 3) the specific steps are will be put into 75% alcohol to impregnate after hide drains away the water, the specific time according to
Depending on animal body size, the small individual of average physique impregnates 6-8 hour, figure big 10-12 hour, hide after immersion
It is put into flowing water and rinses or so 1 hour, to prevent hide to be hardened inconvenient subsequent suture and moulding；
After hide is dried in flowing water flushing, preservative is equably smeared in hide inner surface, and to guarantee each position
It will be applied to, primary, smearing 2-3 times was smeared every 2 hours, be infused at the thicker position shaved that is not easy of the muscle such as sole
Emitter injection formalin liquid carries out reinforcing anti-corrosion；
The concrete operations of step 4) be with two iron wires right hind is tiltedly worn by left fore respectively, right fore tiltedly wears left hind,
Play Limb bone, four limbs are supported；Intert an iron wire between the axis of head to tail portion, plays backbone, it will
Head, trunk and tail support, and three iron wires twist together securely among body, form a firm bracket, will
Entire pangolin prosthese supports, and bracket must be consolidated and cannot be loosened, and the thickness of iron wire is can prop up pangolin prosthese
Standard, four limbs iron wire are pierced by by sole, and head to tail portion axis iron wire is pierced by tail end, will reserve certain length for finally moulding
Shape can cut extra iron wire after the completion of moulding；
It selects in step 5) ultralight clay to do packing material, is four limbs, head later when filling since tail portion, finally
Trunk is filled, notices that the filling size at each position, the data of coincidence measurement are corrected the figure of pangolin in filling,
Guarantee that each position will be filled into；
When carrying out stitching processing, scale and shells are covered because pangolin tail is whole can reduce the beauty of sample using suture suture
Sight degree, therefore bonded using fast binder " 502 " glue alignment tail cant, should be noted that when the suture of other positions
Symmetrically, encountering harder position can first be sutured using dissecting needle punching again, and it is not exposed to have hidden suture as far as possible,
Keep the aesthetics of sample；
The last moulding of step 6) is according to the observation to animal behavior, life habit and morphological feature, referring to animal row
Posture is determined to compose, and the posture of sample is made into the form of animal life at a time vividly, makes sample more
Add true to nature；
Ocular prosthesis is installed for pangolin sample after moulding, and by eyelid, nostril full circle, erects external ear, while in rhynchodaenm, pawl
And varnish is smeared on scale and shell.
The invention has the following advantages that
The present invention is ultralight clay in sample filling material used, is a kind of novel environment friendly, nontoxic, natural air drying hand
Work Modeling Material, compared to traditional packing material, which gets up more easily moulding, and cheap, light weight is not sent out
Mould, easy moulding, cost performance is high, and application value is higher；
The production method of pangolin skinned-specimen of the invention still belongs to the first time, and manufacturing process is smooth, uses in specimen anti-corrosion
Preservative low toxicity, low pollution, be easy to prepare, convenient for operation, the Chinese pangolin sample shape beauty true to nature finally made, nothing
Phenomena such as mouldy, rotten change, the Slide processing can be widely used in the guidance production of pangolin sample, there is stronger practice to answer
It is meaningful in Zoological Teaching, scientific research and animal protection public education activity with value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that tail skin removes notch schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the Chinese pangolin skinned-specimen that number is HS-09；
Fig. 3 is the Chinese pangolin skinned-specimen that number is HS-10.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, it should be understood that these embodiments are only used
In illustrating the present invention rather than limit the scope of the invention, after the present invention has been read, those skilled in the art couple
It is as defined in the appended claims that the modification of various equivalent forms of the invention falls within the application.
Embodiment 1
One dead Chinese pangolin (number HS-09) skinned-specimen confiscated is produced as follows:
1) morphometry: to pangolin carry out morphologic observation, to pangolin body overall length, head body length, tail length, neck circumference, shoulder height,
Bust, waistline, stern height, forelimb perimeter, hind leg perimeter are measured and are kept a record, such as table 1；
The dead Chinese pangolin of table 1 measures record sheet
2) it hide decorticating: is cut and is extended forwardly at neck lower jaw along animal thorax abdomen median line with scalpel, backward
Anus is extended to, then removes hide to two sides, pangolin external ear is smaller, and it is close to external ear base portion with dissecting scissors and cuts, eye and outer
Ear base portion is closer, after having removed external ear, with scalpel close to eye socket cut, tail portion processing in the tail outside of belly at anus
It is close to the skin under scale and shell with dissecting scissors and the skin (Fig. 1) under scale and shell, skin is cut off with " Z " font along the orientation of scale and shell
After being completely exfoliated, remove extra musculature and subcutaneous fat with scalpel, finally with dish washing liquid by hide wash clean, then uses
Flowing water rinses, and dries；
3) anti-corrosion: impregnating being put into 75% alcohol after hide drains away the water, and 10-12 hour is impregnated, after immersion
Hide is put into flowing water and rinses or so 1 hour, after drying hide, equably smears preservative, anti-corrosion in hide inner surface
Agent includes boric acid, alum and camphor, use ratio 6:2:2；Guarantee that each position will be applied to, every 2 hours
Smear primary, smear 3 times, the thicker position for being not easy to shave of the muscle such as sole with syringe inject formalin liquid into
Row strengthens anti-corrosion；
4) mounting bracket: bracket is done with three iron wires and supports pangolin prosthese.Two iron wires are respectively by left fore
Tiltedly wear right hind, right fore tiltedly wears left hind, plays Limb bone, four limbs are supported；In head to tail portion axis it
Between intert an iron wire, play backbone, head, trunk and tail supported.Three iron wires are twisted securely among body
It is combined, forms a firm bracket；
5) fill and suture: the ultralight clay of Beizhen City's novelty Ruan Tao Co., Ltd being selected to do packing material, when filling from
Tail portion starts, and is four limbs, head later, finally fills trunk, pays attention to the filling size at each position, the number of coincidence measurement
According to correcting the figure of pangolin in filling, it is ensured that each position will be filled into, and have muscle sense；Carrying out suture
When reason, because all covering scale and shell cannot be sutured pangolin tail using suture, tail is directed at using fast binder " 502 " glue
Portion's notch is bonded, and carries out should be noted that bilateral symmetry when the suture of other positions, and encountering harder position can be first using dissection
Stylus printer hole is sutured again；
6) posture of sample moulding: is made into the form of animal life at a time, such as Fig. 2, modeling vividly
Ocular prosthesis is installed for pangolin sample after shape, and by eyelid, nostril full circle, erects external ear, while on rhynchodaenm, pawl and scale and shell
Smear varnish.
Embodiment 2
One dead Chinese pangolin (number HS-10) skinned-specimen confiscated is produced as follows:
1) morphometry: to pangolin carry out morphologic observation, to pangolin body overall length, head body length, tail length, neck circumference, shoulder height,
Bust, waistline, stern height, forelimb perimeter, hind leg perimeter are measured and are kept a record, such as table 2；
The dead Chinese pangolin of table 2 measures record sheet
2) it hide decorticating: is cut and is extended forwardly at neck lower jaw along animal thorax abdomen median line with scalpel, backward
Anus is extended to, then removes hide to two sides, pangolin external ear is smaller, and it is close to external ear base portion with dissecting scissors and cuts, eye and outer
Ear base portion is closer, after having removed external ear, with scalpel close to eye socket cut, tail portion processing in the tail outside of belly at anus
It is close to the skin under scale and shell with dissecting scissors and the skin (Fig. 1) under scale and shell, skin is cut off with " Z " font along the orientation of scale and shell
After skin is completely exfoliated, remove extra musculature and subcutaneous fat with scalpel, finally with dish washing liquid by hide wash clean, then
It is rinsed, is dried with flowing water；
3) anti-corrosion: impregnating being put into 75% alcohol after hide drains away the water, and impregnates 6~8 hours, handle after immersion
Hide is put into flowing water and rinses 40 minutes or so；After hide is dried in flowing water flushing, anti-corrosion is equably smeared in hide inner surface
Agent, preservative include boric acid, alum and camphor, use ratio 6:2:2；Guarantee that each position will be applied to, often
Primary, smearing 2 times was smeared every 2 hours, injected formal with syringe at the thicker position for being not easy to shave of the muscle such as sole
Woods liquid carries out reinforcing anti-corrosion；
4) mounting bracket: bracket is done with three iron wires and supports pangolin prosthese.Two iron wires are respectively by left fore
Tiltedly wear right hind, right fore tiltedly wears left hind, plays Limb bone, four limbs are supported；In head to tail portion axis it
Between intert an iron wire, play backbone, head, trunk and tail supported.Three iron wires are twisted securely among body
It is combined, forms a firm bracket；
5) it fills and suture: the ultralight clay of Jinhua Tao Taole Trade Co., Ltd. being selected to do packing material, when filling
Since tail portion, it is four limbs, head later, finally fills trunk, pays attention to the filling size at each position, the number of coincidence measurement
According to correcting the figure of pangolin in filling, it is ensured that each position will be filled into, and have muscle sense；Carrying out suture
When reason, because all covering scale and shell cannot be sutured pangolin tail using suture, tail is directed at using fast binder " 502 " glue
Portion's notch is bonded, and carries out should be noted that bilateral symmetry when the suture of other positions, and encountering harder position can be first using dissection
Stylus printer hole is sutured again；
6) posture of sample moulding: is made into the form of animal life at a time, such as Fig. 3, modeling vividly
Ocular prosthesis is installed for pangolin sample after shape, and by eyelid, nostril full circle, erects external ear, while on rhynchodaenm, pawl and scale and shell
Smear varnish.
The Chinese pangolin sample of 2 made above is now stored in South China Normal University's Life Science College specimen museum, until
The present has saved 7 months, and mouldy, rotten phenomena such as becoming, damaging by worms not yet occurs, any problem not yet occurs.
It above are only part specific embodiment of the invention, but design concept of the invention is not limited to this, all utilizations
This design makes a non-material change to the present invention, and should all belong to behavior that violates the scope of protection of the present invention.As long as without departing from
The content of technical solution of the present invention, it is to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention any type of simply to repair
Change, equivalent variations and remodeling, still falls within the protection scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of production method of pangolin skinned-specimen, which is characterized in that comprise the following steps:
1) morphometry: taking the Chinese pangolin for the dead confiscated, and carries out morphologic observation to pangolin and measures and keep a record；
2) hide decorticating: hide is removed using dissecting tool, prevents scale and shell from falling off；
3) anti-corrosion: hide is subjected to alcohol immersion and smears preservative；
4) mounting bracket: support hide；
5) filling and suture: ultralight clay is selected to do packing material；
6) moulding, installation ocular prosthesis.
2. by the production method of pangolin skinned-specimen described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the decorticating of tail portion in step 2
Processing is cuts off along the orientation of scale and shell with dissecting scissors the skin under scale and shell in the tail outside of belly at anus with " Z " font.
3. by the production method of pangolin skinned-specimen as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that hide is shelled completely in step 2
From rear, remove extra musculature and subcutaneous fat with scalpel, finally dried hide wash clean with dish washing liquid.
4. the production method of pangolin skinned-specimen as described in claims 1 or 2 or 3, which is characterized in that step 3) is specifically grasped
It is impregnated as the hide dried to be put into 75% alcohol, it is more than hour to impregnate 6.
5. by the production method of pangolin skinned-specimen as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that step 3) hide alcohol impregnates
It is put into flowing water and rinses later, smear boric acid preservative in hide inner surface after drying, boric acid preservative includes boric acid, alum
And camphor, use ratio 6:2:2.
6. the production method of pangolin skinned-specimen as described in claim 5, which is characterized in that hide to be not easy to shave
Position injects formalin liquid with syringe and carries out reinforcing anti-corrosion.
7. the production method of pangolin skinned-specimen as described in claim 5, which is characterized in that preservative is uniformly applied to skin
Inner surface is opened, primary, smearing 2 ~ 3 times was smeared every 2 hours.
8. by the production method of pangolin skinned-specimen described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the concrete operations of step 4) are
Right hind is tiltedly worn by left fore respectively with two iron wires, right fore tiltedly wears left hind, between the axis of head to tail portion intert one
Root iron wire twists together three iron wires securely among body, forms a firm bracket.
9. by the production method of pangolin skinned-specimen described in claim 1, which is characterized in that tail portion uses viscous in step 5)
It ties agent and carries out adhesion process.
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| CN111903660A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-10 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Method for preparing fish specimen |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111903660A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-10 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Method for preparing fish specimen |
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Application publication date: 20190329 |