CN109526380B - Novel corn harvester - Google Patents
Novel corn harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN109526380B CN109526380B CN201811630412.8A CN201811630412A CN109526380B CN 109526380 B CN109526380 B CN 109526380B CN 201811630412 A CN201811630412 A CN 201811630412A CN 109526380 B CN109526380 B CN 109526380B
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- bin
- auger
- conveying
- feeding
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- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001124569 Lycaenidae Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001635479 Coris bulbifrons Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004460 silage Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
- A01D45/02—Harvesting of standing crops of maize, i.e. kernel harvesting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D47/00—Headers for topping of plants, e.g. stalks with ears
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of corn harvesters, and provides a novel corn harvester, which comprises an upper cutting table and a lower cutting table, wherein the upper cutting table is used for picking ears, and the lower cutting table is used for cutting off straws and crushing the straws; the straw conveying device is used for conveying straws; the quantitative feeding bin is provided with a feed inlet communicated with the feed outlet of the straw conveying device, a feed outlet is arranged below the quantitative feeding bin, and a quantitative auger is also arranged in the quantitative feeding bin and is used for conveying straw to the feed outlet of the quantitative feeding bin; the briquetting machine is characterized in that a material inlet of the briquetting machine is communicated with a material outlet of the quantitative feeding bin; the grain collection bin is used for collecting grains pressed out by the briquetting machine, through the technical scheme, the technical problems that the corn harvester in the prior art is fully accumulated and needs to discharge frequently when a collection hopper is used for collecting straws, and equipment cost and personnel cost are additionally increased when a following vehicle is used are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of corn harvesters, and relates to a novel corn harvester.
Background
The corn harvester is an agricultural implement for completing multiple operations such as picking and stacking corn at one time by using a machine when the corn is mature. The process flow comprises the following steps: the corn harvester is used for picking the corn in a corn growing state (called as stalk picking), and the ear handles are pulled off under the action of the picking roller and the ear picking plate. Due to the height difference of the inner picking roller and the outer picking roller, the clusters fall into a cluster box, and the clusters are opened and piled after being filled.
Some corn harvesters in the prior art also have the function of processing straw, wherein the corn harvesters can collect the crushed straw, the corn harvesters are generally provided with a device for cutting the root of the straw and a device for crushing the straw at a cutting table, so that the root of the straw can be cut, and along with the advancing of the corn harvesters, the cut straw can be sent into a crushing device for crushing, is conveyed to one side through a screw conveyor, and finally is thrown into a collecting hopper or a following vehicle by a throwing barrel.
Because the volume of harvester is limited, can't make the volume of collecting the hopper very big, and smash the back and pass through the straw density of throwing the material less, pile up fluffy, lead to collecting the hopper and often pile up and need frequently unload, and follow the vehicle, then can additionally increase equipment cost and personnel's cost.
For example, the patent number ZL201610170775.2 in the prior art grants the patent, it carries on double harvest to corn and straw through the double-header frame that the place ahead sets up, upper header, carry to the scraper to process after the corn is plucked the ear of grain through the grain transporting groove, and finally carry to the storage storehouse at the rear, and the straw will be cut off by lower header and carry to pulverize the storehouse, throw the material through the blower, discharge to the trailing vehicle at the rear, this kind of harvester can not only harvest corn but also can finish the silage at the same time, has solved the straw and returned the field difficultly, the seeding difficultly, prevent burning the straw and cause environmental pollution, straw recycling, increase income, green environmental protection; however, such harvesters also suffer from the aforementioned problems and require a follower vehicle to follow, resulting in increased equipment and personnel costs.
Therefore, there is an urgent need for a corn harvester capable of storing crushed straw well without a following vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel corn harvester, which solves the technical problems that the corn harvester in the prior art is full when a collection hopper is used for collecting straws and needs to be discharged frequently, and equipment cost and personnel cost are additionally increased when a following vehicle is used.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a novel corn harvester, comprising: a frame;
the cutting table is arranged on the front side of the frame and comprises an upper cutting table and a lower cutting table, the upper cutting table is used for picking ears, and the lower cutting table is used for cutting off straws and crushing the straws;
the straw conveying device is positioned below the cutting table and is used for conveying straw;
the quantitative feeding bin is arranged on the frame, a feed inlet of the quantitative feeding bin is communicated with a discharge outlet of the straw conveying device, a discharge outlet is arranged below the quantitative feeding bin, and a quantitative auger is also arranged in the quantitative feeding bin and is used for conveying straw to the discharge outlet of the quantitative feeding bin;
the briquetting machine is arranged on the frame, and a feed inlet of the briquetting machine is communicated with a discharge outlet of the quantitative feeding bin;
the particle collecting bin is arranged on the frame and is used for collecting particles pressed out by the briquetting machine.
As a further technical scheme, the cutting table is rotatably arranged on the frame, and the lower part of the cutting table is hinged with the bottom of the frame through a hydraulic cylinder.
As a further technical scheme, the two ends of the front side of the lower header are also respectively provided with a limited overhead frame, the height limiting frame comprises a contact plate and a support plate, one end of the contact plate is fixedly connected with the front side of the lower header, the other end of the contact plate is fixedly connected with the support plate, one end of the support plate is fixedly connected with the contact plate, the other end of the support plate is fixedly arranged on the front side of the lower header, the contact plate is in an arc shape bent downwards, the support plate is in an arc shape bent upwards, and the middle part of the contact plate is connected with the middle part of the support plate through a support plate.
As a further technical scheme, the particle collecting bin further comprises a particle lifting auger, wherein the particle lifting auger is arranged on the frame along the vertical direction, a particle lifting auger feeding hole is positioned below a discharge hole of the briquetting machine, and a particle lifting auger discharge hole is positioned above the particle collecting bin.
As a further technical scheme, the method further comprises: the first grain conveying groove is arranged on the frame and is used for conveying corn separated by the upper cutting table;
the scraping machine is arranged on the frame, a feeding port of the scraping machine is positioned below a discharging port of the first grain conveying groove, and a discharging port of the scraping machine is communicated with the quantitative feeding bin;
the corn collecting bin is used for collecting corn.
As a further technical scheme, go up the header and include the header frame, be provided with a plurality of guiding grooves on the header frame, the guiding groove rear side is connected with the plucking groove, plucking groove upside is provided with a set of plucking chain, plucking chain direction of delivery with plucking groove extending direction is parallel, plucking groove downside is provided with a set of snapping roll, plucking roll pivot with plucking groove extending direction is parallel, still be provided with first transport auger on the header frame, first transport auger direction of delivery with plucking groove is perpendicular, plucking groove rear side all communicates first transport auger, first transport auger discharge gate is located first fortune grain groove coating mouth top.
As a further technical scheme, the snapping roll comprises a roll body which is rotatably arranged in the snapping groove, a plurality of cutting knives are arranged on the side face of the roll body and are arranged along the direction of a bus of the roll body, the cutting knives are axially and equidistantly arranged along the side face of the roll body, the height of each cutting knife is smaller than the distance between the outer sides of the roll body, and the height of each cutting knife is larger than half of the distance between the outer sides of the roll body.
As a further technical scheme, one side of the cutting knife is connected with a mounting part, the mounting part is arc-shaped and has the same curvature as the outer side of the roller body, the mounting part is fastened on the side surface of the roller body through a plurality of bolts, and the mounting parts connected with the adjacent cutting knives are mutually contacted.
As a further technical scheme, lower header includes the bottom plate, the bottom plate both sides are provided with the locating plate respectively, go up header both sides respectively with two locating plate fixed connection is that the bottom plate front side is provided with the fixed cutter, still includes a plurality of transport crushing roller, carry crushing roller both ends to rotate respectively and set up two on the locating plate, carry crushing roller to be located the bottom plate top, a plurality of carry crushing roller equidistance is arranged, be provided with crushing blade on carrying crushing roller side, still include and collect the auger, collect the auger both ends and rotate respectively and set up two on the locating plate, it is located to collect the auger carry crushing roller rear, the blade of collecting the auger both sides revolves to the opposite.
As a further technical scheme, be provided with a plurality of sieve meshes on the bottom plate, the sieve mesh is used for filtering out dust.
As a further technical scheme, the front side of the bottom plate is also provided with a movable cutter in a sliding manner, the movable cutter is parallel to the fixed cutter, the movable cutter slides along the extending direction of the fixed cutter, a swinging box is arranged on a fixed plate on one side, a connecting rod is arranged on a swinging shaft of the swinging box along the radial direction, the connecting rod faces downwards, and the lower end of the connecting rod is hinged with one end of the movable cutter.
As a further technical scheme, crushing blade is followed carry crushing roller side generating line direction setting, crushing blade is followed carry crushing roller side circumference direction is arranged, crushing blade height is less than adjacent carry crushing roller side interval, crushing blade height equals carry crushing roller outside distance apart from the interval of bottom plate.
As a further technical scheme, the side surface of the middle part of the auger shaft of the collection auger is provided with a stirring plate, the stirring plate is arranged along the direction of the radial direction of the auger shaft of the collection auger and the direction of a bus on the side surface, the height of the stirring plate is the same as the height of the blade of the collection auger, a plurality of tooth-shaped notches are formed in the edge of the stirring plate, the number of the stirring plates is two, the stirring plates are respectively arranged on two sides of the middle part of the auger shaft of the collection auger, and the stirring plates are arranged along the opposite radial direction of the auger shaft of the collection auger.
As a further technical scheme, the pitch of the blades on one side of the collecting auger is shortened with increasing distance from the center.
As a further technical scheme, straw conveyor includes crushing storehouse and throws the material fan, crushing storehouse feed inlet intercommunication collect the middle part discharge gate of auger, crushing storehouse discharge gate with throw the feed inlet intercommunication of material fan, throw the material fan discharge gate and be connected with the material throwing pipe, throw material pipe discharge gate orientation the ration feed bin.
As a further technical scheme, the crushing bin comprises a forced feeding device and a crushing device, wherein the forced feeding device is positioned at the front side of the crushing device and is used for conveying straws to the crushing device.
As a further technical scheme, the forced feeding device comprises a plurality of conveying rollers rotatably arranged in the crushing bin, two feeding frames are rotatably arranged in the two sides of the crushing bin respectively, one end of each feeding frame is rotatably arranged on one side of the crushing bin, the other end of each feeding frame is rotatably provided with a feeding roller, two ends of each feeding roller are rotatably arranged at the end parts of the two feeding frames respectively, one end of a spring is further connected to the middle part of each feeding frame, the other end of the spring is connected with the crushing bin, and the spring is used for applying elastic force for enabling the feeding frames to rotate towards the conveying rollers;
as a further technical scheme, reducing mechanism includes crushing stationary knife and crushing arbor, it is in to smash the stationary knife setting in smashing the storehouse, smash the stationary knife and arrange along horizontal equidistance, it rotates to smash the arbor setting in smashing the storehouse, smash arbor axial with it is parallel to smash the stationary knife arrangement direction, smash the epaxial crushing blade that is provided with of arbor, smash the blade and be a plurality of smash the blade is followed smash arbor axial equidistance is arranged, smash the arrangement interval of blade with smash the interval of stationary knife the same, and every smash the blade all to be located two smash between the stationary knife.
As a further technical scheme, the quantitative feeding bin comprises a storage bin and a pressing bin which are mutually communicated, wherein the storage bin is positioned at the rear side above the pressing bin, the bottom of the storage bin is gradually lowered from front to back, the bottom of the storage bin is further rotatably provided with a feeding auger, and the feeding auger is used for conveying straws to the rear;
the quantitative auger is arranged in the vertical direction, the lower end of the quantitative auger is positioned above the discharge port of the quantitative feeding bin, and the upper end of the quantitative auger is positioned in the storage bin.
As a further technical scheme, the automatic oiling pump is further included, and the automatic oiling pump is used for lubricating the briquetting machine.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the invention, the briquetting machine is added into the corn harvester, so that the corn harvester can directly harvest corn ears and straw particles, the agricultural automation degree is greatly improved, the conversion from crops to final products can be completed by one-time harvesting, other working procedures and operations are not needed, and the labor cost and the equipment cost are greatly saved;
2. according to the invention, as the briquetting machine can compress straws into particles, a straw storage bin with larger occupied space is not required to be added in the corn harvester, only one particle collection bin with smaller occupied space and one particle collection bin with smaller occupied space requirement are required to be installed, and as the straws are compressed, the space utilization rate of the particle collection bin is greatly improved, compared with a harvester provided with the straw storage bin with the same volume in the prior art, more straw particles can be stored at a time, so that the continuous operation time of the corn harvester is greatly prolonged, the time for dumping straws is saved, and the working efficiency is further improved;
3. according to the invention, the speed of the feeding of the briquetting machine is limited, and the feeding speed of the briquetting machine cannot be matched with the speed of harvesting straw, so that the quantitative feeding bin is added, on one hand, crushed straw can be stored in the quantitative feeding bin, and on the other hand, after the straw is fully stored, the quantitative auger can be driven to control the feeding speed, so that the briquetting machine can work normally, and the briquetting machine can work with the harvester better.
Drawings
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the header and the crushing device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the ear picking tank and the collecting auger of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the snapping roll of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the conveying and pulverizing roller structure of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-frame, 2-header, 21-upper header, 212-guide slot, 213-ear picking slot, 214-ear picking chain, 215-ear picking roller, 2151-roller body, 2152-cutting knife, 2153-mounting portion, 216-first conveying auger, 22-lower header, 221-bottom plate, 222-positioning plate, 223-fixed knife, 224-conveying crushing roller, 225-crushing blade, 226-movable knife, 227-swinging box, 228-connecting rod, 229-collecting auger, 2210-deflector plate, 23-hydraulic cylinder, 24-overhead limiting frame, 241-contact plate, 242-supporting plate, 243-supporting plate, 3-conveying device, 31-crushing bin, 311-forced feeding device, 3111-conveying roller, 3112-feeding frame, 3113-feeding roller, 3114-spring, 312-crushing device, 3121-crushing fixed knife, 3122-crushing knife, 3123-crushing knife, 32-throwing fan, 33-material bin, 4-bin, 41-pressing block, 43-5-collecting auger, 11-pressing roller, 11-collecting roller, 11-pressing roller.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in figures 1-6 of the drawings,
a novel corn harvester, comprising: a frame 1;
the cutting table 2 is arranged at the front side of the frame 1, the cutting table 2 comprises an upper cutting table 21 and a lower cutting table 22, the upper cutting table 21 is used for picking ears, and the lower cutting table 22 is used for cutting off straws and crushing the straws;
the straw conveying device 3 is positioned below the header 2, and the straw conveying device 3 is used for conveying straws;
the quantitative feeding bin 4 is arranged on the frame 1, a feed inlet of the quantitative feeding bin 4 is communicated with a discharge outlet of the straw conveying device 3, a discharge outlet is arranged below the quantitative feeding bin 4, a quantitative auger 44 is further arranged in the quantitative feeding bin 4, and the quantitative auger 44 is used for conveying straws to the discharge outlet of the quantitative feeding bin 4;
the briquetting machine 5 is arranged on the frame 1, and a feed inlet of the briquetting machine 5 is communicated with a discharge outlet of the quantitative feeding bin 4;
the particle collecting bin 6, the particle collecting bin 6 is arranged on the frame 1, and the particle collecting bin 6 is used for collecting particles pressed out by the briquetting machine 5.
In this embodiment, when in operation, the corn field can be directly entered into for harvesting, wherein the upper header 21 can separate corn ears from corn stalks, the lower header 22 can cut off the roots of the corn stalks in the field and crush the whole corn stalks, the crushed corn stalks pass through the stalk conveying device 3 and are conveyed to the quantitative feeding bin 4, the quantitative feeding bin 4 is used for temporarily storing the corn stalks, when the quantitative feeding bin 4 is full of corn stalks, the quantitative auger 44 presses the briquetting machine 5, the quantitative auger 44 starts to rotate, the corn stalks in the quantitative feeding bin 4 are pressed into the briquetting machine 5 at a fixed speed, the briquetting machine 5 is used for briquetting the stalks and then discharging the stalks, the corn stalks are conveyed into the granule collecting bin 6, when the quantitative auger 44 can not be pressed into the briquetting machine 5 any more, the quantitative auger 44 and the briquetting machine 5 stop working, and the quantitative feeding bin 4 continues to store the crushed corn stalks.
According to the invention, the briquetting machine 5 is added into the corn harvester, so that the corn harvester can directly harvest corn ears and straw particles, the agricultural automation degree is greatly improved, the conversion from crops to final products can be completed by one-time harvesting, other working procedures and operations are not needed, and the labor cost and the equipment cost are greatly saved; because the briquetting machine 5 can compress the straws into particles, the corn harvester does not need to be added with a straw storage bin with larger occupied space, only needs to be provided with a particle collection bin 4 with smaller occupied space and a particle collection bin 6 with smaller occupied space requirement, and because the straws are compressed, the space utilization rate of the particle collection bin 6 is greatly improved, and compared with a harvester provided with the straw storage bin with the same volume in the prior art, the corn harvester can store more straw particles, thereby greatly prolonging the continuous operation time of the corn harvester, saving the time for dumping the straws and further improving the working efficiency; because the briquetting machine 5 has limitation on feeding speed, and the feeding speed of the briquetting machine 5 cannot be matched with the speed of harvesting straw, the quantitative feeding bin 4 is added, the quantitative feeding bin 4 can store crushed straw on one hand, and the quantitative auger 44 can be driven to control feeding speed after the straw is fully stored on the other hand, so that the briquetting machine 5 can work normally, and the briquetting machine 5 can work with a harvester in a vehicle better.
Further, the header 2 is rotatably arranged on the frame 1, and the lower part of the header 2 is hinged with the bottom of the frame 1 through a hydraulic cylinder 23.
In this embodiment, the hydraulic system through the harvester can operate pneumatic cylinder 23 flexible, and pneumatic cylinder 23 stretches out header 2 and upwards rotates, and header 2 can rise for the height on ground, and pneumatic cylinder 23 withdraws then in opposite for header 2 can height-adjusting, can be applicable to more topography and more variety maize, has improved the suitability.
Further, the two ends of the front side of the lower header 22 are respectively provided with a limited elevation frame 24, the elevation frame 24 comprises a contact plate 241 and a supporting plate 242, one end of the contact plate 241 is fixedly connected with the front side of the lower header 22, the other end of the contact plate is fixedly connected with the supporting plate 242, one end of the supporting plate 242 is fixedly connected with the contact plate 241, the other end of the supporting plate 242 is fixedly arranged on the front side of the lower header 22, the contact plate 241 is in an arc bent downwards, the supporting plate 242 is in an arc bent upwards, and the middle part of the contact plate 241 is connected with the middle part of the supporting plate 242 through a supporting plate 243.
In this embodiment, through the limit for height frame 24 that sets up in lower header 22 front side, can prevent that lower header 22 from rubbing on the ground, improved the reliability of maize picker, when maize picker worked, if the topography risees, touch panel 241 can contact with ground earlier to pass through prop floor 242 and touch panel 241 transmission holding power, make pneumatic cylinder 23 extension, header 2 whole rotation and promotion.
Further, still include granule and promote auger 7, granule promotes auger 7 along vertical direction setting on frame 1, and granule promotes auger 7 pan feeding mouth and is located briquetting machine 5 discharge gate below, and granule promotes auger 7 discharge gate and is located granule collection storehouse 6 top.
In this embodiment, still be provided with the promotion auger for promote the granule that briquetting machine 5 pressed out to finally send into granule collection storehouse 6, through the setting that promotes the auger, make the inside structural optimization of harvester, eliminated the high restriction in granule collection storehouse 6, and can make briquetting machine 5 mount pad more stable frame 1 bottom, and promote the auger and follow vertical direction setting, the occupation space is less, is convenient for realize the installation.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps: the first grain conveying groove 8 is arranged on the frame 1, and the first grain conveying groove 8 is used for conveying corn separated by the upper cutting table 21;
the scraping machine 9 is arranged on the frame 1, a feeding port of the scraping machine 9 is positioned below a discharging port of the first grain conveying groove 8, and a discharging port of the scraping machine 9 is communicated with the quantitative feeding bin 4;
corn collection bin 11, corn collection bin 11 is used for collecting corn.
In this embodiment, the corn harvester further processes the corn ears to achieve the function of peeling, specifically, after the corn ears are harvested by the upper header 21, the corn ears with the peels can be conveyed into the peeling machine 9 above the corn harvester through the first grain conveying groove 8, the corn ears are sent into the corn collecting bin 11 behind the corn harvester for collecting after being peeled, the corn peel separated by the peeling machine 9 is conveyed into the quantitative feeding bin 4 from the peeling machine 9 to wait for being pressed together with corn straw to form a block, meanwhile, as the corn peel is not crushed, in the process of jointly pressing the crushed corn peel and the crushed straw, the corn peel can play a role of a skeleton in the pressed block, so that the pressed particles have better forming degree and are not easy to generate a frame; the invention can further operate corn ears to separate the corn ears from corn peel, and can also process the separated corn peel to crush the crushed corn peel into particles, thereby improving the utilization rate of crops, fully utilizing the crops and improving the quality of the particles.
Further, the upper header 21 comprises a header frame, a plurality of guide grooves 212 are formed in the header frame, a spike picking groove 213 is formed in the rear side of the guide grooves 212, a group of spike picking chains 214 are arranged on the upper side of the spike picking groove 213, the conveying direction of the spike picking chains 214 is parallel to the extending direction of the spike picking groove 213, a group of spike picking rollers 215 are arranged on the lower side of the spike picking groove 213, the rotating shaft of the spike picking rollers 215 is parallel to the extending direction of the spike picking groove 213, a first conveying auger 216 is further arranged on the header frame, the conveying direction of the first conveying auger 216 is perpendicular to the spike picking groove 213, the rear sides of the spike picking grooves 213 are all communicated with the first conveying auger 216, and a discharge hole of the first conveying auger 216 is located above a coating hole of the first grain conveying groove 8.
In this embodiment, when the upper header 21 works, crops first enter the guide groove 212 and are guided by the guide groove 212 to enter the ear picking groove 213, after the crops enter the ear picking groove 213, the lower ear picking roller 215 can clamp corn stalks and integrally convey the corn stalks downward, the upper ear picking chain 214 can drive corn ears to convey the corn ears backward, so that the corn ears and the corn stalks can be relatively displaced to be separated, the upper corn ears are continuously driven by the ear picking chain 214 and conveyed backward to the first conveying auger 216, conveyed to the first grain conveying groove 8 on one side by the first conveying auger 216, and the corn stalks are conveyed to the lower header 22 for crushing after being moved by the ear picking roller 215.
Further, snapping roll 215 comprises a roll body 2151 rotatably disposed in snapping groove 213, a plurality of cutting blades 2152 are disposed on the side of roll body 2151, cutting blades 2152 are disposed along the direction of the generatrix of roll body 2151, cutting blades 2152 are axially equidistantly arranged along the side of roll body 2151, cutting blades 2152 are less than the distance between the outer sides of a pair of roll bodies 2151, and cutting blades 2152 are greater than half the distance between the outer sides of a pair of roll bodies 2151.
In this embodiment, the snapping roll 215 is specially designed, when the corn stalk is pulled by the snapping roll 215, the corn stalk can be cut off by the cutting knife 2152, so that the stalk entering the lower header 22 is in a cut-off state, the lower header 22 is convenient to crush the stalk, the height of the cutting knife 2152 is smaller than the outer space of the roll 2151 and larger than half of the space, the cutting knife 2152 can cut off the stalk, the stalk pulling effect can be kept well, and the setting is scientific and reasonable.
Further, a mounting portion 2153 is connected to one side of the cutting blade 2152, the mounting portion 2153 is arc-shaped and has the same curvature as the outer curvature of the roller 2151, the mounting portion 2153 is fastened to the side of the roller 2151 by a plurality of bolts, and the mounting portions 2153 connected to adjacent cutting blades 2152 are in contact with each other.
In this embodiment, the cutter 2152 and the mounting 2153 are integrated, can accomplish the manufacturing through the punching press, can design in groups and manufacture, with low costs interchangeability is high, and the mounting 2153 passes through the bolt-up on the roll body 2151, and the installation of being convenient for is maintained and is changed, and adjacent cutter 2152 can contact each other and has guaranteed the effect of tearing the straw, can tear the straw through the mounting 2153, can cut the straw through cutter 2152.
Further, the lower header 22 includes the bottom plate 221, the bottom plate 221 both sides are provided with locating plate 222 respectively, go up header 21 both sides respectively with two locating plate 222 fixed connection, be bottom plate 221 front side is provided with fixed cutter 223, still include a plurality of transport crushing roller 224, transport crushing roller 224 both ends rotate respectively and set up on two locating plate 222, transport crushing roller 224 is located bottom plate 221 top, a plurality of transport crushing roller 224 equidistance are arranged, be provided with crushing blade 225 on the transport crushing roller 224 side, still include and collect auger 229, collect auger 229 both ends and rotate respectively and set up on two locating plate 222, collect auger 229 and be located transport crushing roller 224 rear, collect auger 229 both sides's blade and revolve opposite.
In this embodiment, the fixed cutter 223 that the bottom plate 221 front side set up can cut off the straw root, and the root is cut off the straw and can be carried by carrying crushing roller 224 on the bottom plate 221 and smash, carries crushing roller 224 when rotating, smash blade 225 on the one hand can cooperate the bottom plate 221 to cut off the straw, and the other direction can drive the straw to carry backward, when the crushed will carry to collect auger 229, because collect auger 229 both sides blade spiral to opposite, collect auger 229 can carry the straw after smashing to the middle part to finally carry to straw conveyor 3 in the rear.
Further, a plurality of sieve holes are provided on the base 221, the sieve holes being used for filtering out dust.
In this embodiment, the sieve holes on the bottom plate 221 can leak out dust, so as to prevent too much dust and straw particles from being pressed into particles together, and further improve the quality of the particles.
Further, a movable cutter 226 is slidably arranged on the front side of the bottom plate 221, the movable cutter 226 is parallel to the fixed cutter 223, the movable cutter 226 slides along the extending direction of the fixed cutter 223, a swinging box 227 is arranged on a fixed plate on one side, a connecting rod 228 is radially arranged on a swinging shaft of the swinging box 227, the connecting rod 228 faces downwards, and the lower end of the connecting rod 228 is hinged with one end of the movable cutter 226.
In this embodiment, a movable cutter 226 is further provided, one side of the movable cutter 226 is hinged to a connecting rod 228, the connecting rod 228 is fixed to an output shaft of the swinging box 227 to achieve swinging, and therefore the movable cutter 226 can move relative to the fixed cutter 223, when straw is cut off, the movable cutter 226 can move mutually to cut off the straw, and flatness and efficiency of the cut straw are improved.
Further, the pulverizing blades 225 are arranged in the direction of the generatrix of the side face of the conveying pulverizing roller 224, the pulverizing blades 225 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the side face of the conveying pulverizing roller 224, the height of the pulverizing blades 225 is smaller than the side face spacing of the adjacent conveying pulverizing roller 224, and the height of the pulverizing blades 225 is equal to the spacing of the outside of the conveying pulverizing roller 224 from the bottom plate 221.
In this embodiment, crushing blade 225 sets up along the generating line that carries crushing roller 224 side, and is all perpendicular with the direction of straw and straw conveying direction, and then can play better cutting off and carry the effect, and crushing blade 225 highly is less than adjacent conveying crushing roller 224 side interval and can prevent to interfere, and crushing blade 225 highly equals the interval of conveying crushing roller 224 outside apart from bottom plate 221, rotates to the bottom when crushing blade 225 and can cut off the straw completely, realizes the crushing effect to the straw.
Further, a deflector 2210 is arranged on the side surface of the middle part of the auger shaft of the collection auger 229, the deflector 2210 is arranged along the direction of the auger shaft of the collection auger 229 and the direction of a side bus, the height of the deflector 2210 is the same as the height of the blade of the collection auger 229, a plurality of tooth-shaped notches are formed in the edge of the deflector 2210, two deflector 2210 are respectively arranged on two sides of the middle part of the auger shaft of the collection auger 229, and the two deflector 2210 are arranged along the opposite radial direction of the auger shaft of the collection auger 229.
In this embodiment, the material pulling plates 2210 can pull the straws in the collection auger 229 to the straw conveying device 3 at the rear, the two material pulling plates 2210 can convey the straws with different blades on two sides to the middle, the frequency of material pulling can be improved by setting the two material pulling plates 2210 in opposite directions, the discharging continuity of the collection auger 229 is improved, and the excessive material pulling plates 2210 are not required to be increased, so that the cost is reduced and the conveying efficiency is ensured.
Further, the pitch of the blades on the side of the collection auger 229 shortens with increasing distance from the center.
In this embodiment, the pitch of the blades of the collecting auger 229 is reasonably optimized, and since the middle of the conveying amount of the collecting auger 229 is the largest and the two ends are the shortest, if the pitch of the conveying blades is kept unchanged, the conveying rate of the whole collecting auger 229 is unchanged, when the straw reaches the maximum conveying amount of the middle collecting auger 229, the collecting auger 229 at the two ends does not reach the maximum conveying amount of the collecting auger 229, and at the moment, the blocking phenomenon is caused by increasing the conveying amount of the straw.
Further, straw conveyor 3 includes smashing storehouse 31 and throwing fan 32, smashes the middle part discharge gate of storehouse 31 pan feeding mouth intercommunication collection auger 229, smashes the pan feeding mouth intercommunication of storehouse 31 and throwing fan 32, and throwing fan 32 discharge gate is connected with throws material pipe 33, throws material pipe 33 discharge gate orientation ration feed bin 4.
In this embodiment, the straw conveying device 3 conveys the straw through the material throwing fan 32, and the fan is adopted to throw the material, so that the straw needs to be thoroughly crushed, that is, the crushing bin 31 is additionally arranged in front of the material throwing fan 32, the straw can be thoroughly crushed by the crushing bin 31, the material throwing fan 32 is prevented from being blocked, and the reliability of the corn harvester is improved.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps: the first grain conveying groove 8 is arranged on the frame 1, and the first grain conveying groove 8 is used for conveying corn separated by the upper cutting table 21;
the scraping machine 9 is arranged on the frame 1, a feeding port of the scraping machine 9 is positioned below a discharging port of the first grain conveying groove 8, and a discharging port of the scraping machine 9 is communicated with the throwing pipe 33;
corn collection bin 11, corn collection bin 11 is used for collecting corn.
In this embodiment, the peel outlet of the peeling machine 9 is connected with the side surface of the material throwing pipe 33, and the corn pericarp can be thrown to the quantitative feeding bin 4 along with the crushed straw by using the wind force of the material throwing fan 32, and the corn pericarp is not connected with the front side of the material throwing fan 32 so as to prevent the corn pericarp from blocking the material throwing fan 32.
Further, the crushing bin 31 includes a forced feeding device 311 and a crushing device 312, the forced feeding device 311 is located at the front side of the crushing device 312, and the forced feeding device 311 is used for conveying the straw to the crushing device 312.
In this embodiment, in order to prevent the crushed corn straw from piling up, a forced feeding device 311 needs to be added to actively feed the crushed corn straw into the crushing device 312, so that the crushing bin 31 is prevented from being blocked, and the reliability of the crushing bin 31 is improved.
Further, the forced feeding device 311 includes a plurality of conveying rollers 3111 rotatably disposed in the crushing bin 31, two feeding frames 3112 are rotatably disposed in both sides of the crushing bin 31, one end of each feeding frame 3112 is rotatably disposed at one side of the crushing bin 31, the other end of each feeding frame is rotatably provided with a feeding roller 3113, both ends of each feeding roller 3113 are rotatably disposed at the ends of each feeding frame 3112, one end of a spring 3114 is further connected to the middle of each feeding frame 3112, the other end of each spring 3114 is connected to the crushing bin 31, and the spring 3114 is used for applying elastic force for rotating the feeding frame 3112 toward the conveying roller 3111;
in this embodiment, the forced feeding device 311 includes a lower conveying roller 3111 and an upper feeding roller 3113, and applies elastic force to the feeding frame 3112 through a spring 3114, so as to drive the feeding roller 3113 to rotate downward and press the straw together with the conveying roller 3111, so that the straw is conveyed to the crushing device 312 for crushing, where the conveying roller 3111 is connected to a power source for providing active feeding power.
Further, the crushing device 312 includes a crushing fixed knife 3121 and a crushing cutter shaft 3122, the crushing fixed knife 3121 is disposed in the crushing bin 31, the crushing fixed knife 3121 is arranged at equal intervals in the transverse direction, the crushing cutter shaft 3122 is rotatably disposed in the crushing bin 31, the axial direction of the crushing cutter shaft 3122 is parallel to the arrangement direction of the crushing fixed knife 3121, the crushing cutter shaft 3122 is provided with a plurality of crushing blades 3123, the crushing blades 3123 are arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction of the crushing cutter shaft 3122, the arrangement interval of the crushing blades 3123 is the same as the interval of the crushing fixed knife 3121, and each crushing blade 3123 is located between two crushing fixed knives 3121.
In this embodiment, during operation, the crushing blade 3123 can generate relative motion with the crushing fixed blade 3121, so as to generate shearing force on the straw, and fully crush the straw, wherein the crushing blade 3123 rotates through the crushing cutter shaft 3122, and the crushing cutter shaft 3122 is connected with power to provide power.
Further, the quantitative feeding bin 4 comprises a storage bin 41 and a pressing bin 42 which are mutually communicated, the storage bin 41 is positioned at the rear side above the pressing bin 42, the bottom of the storage bin 41 gradually decreases from front to back, the bottom of the storage bin 41 is further rotatably provided with a feeding auger 43, and the feeding auger 43 is used for conveying straws to the rear;
the quantitative auger 44 is arranged in the vertical direction, the lower end of the quantitative auger 44 is positioned above the discharge hole of the quantitative feeding bin 4, and the upper end of the quantitative auger 44 is positioned in the storage bin 41.
In this embodiment, ration feed bin 4 comprises two parts, and one part is storage silo 41 and is used for storing more crushed straw, and another part is pressing silo 42 and is used for guiding straw to the discharge gate and communicate briquetting machine 5, and wherein the bottom of storage silo 41 is the slope setting, and the bottom still is provided with feeding auger 43, and the whole straw in the storage silo 41 can both be carried to pressing silo 42 by feeding auger 43 when ration auger 44 and briquetting machine 5 work, and ration auger 44 runs through storage silo 41 and pressing silo 42, can provide reliable pressure to keep the rate of delivery, set up scientific and reasonable.
Further, an automatic oiling pump is included for lubricating the briquetting machine 5.
In the embodiment, since the briquetting machine 5 needs to be lubricated regularly, the automatic oiling pump is additionally arranged to lubricate the briquetting machine 5 regularly, so that the briquetting machine 5 can keep a good lubrication state and work normally for a long time, the contact working time and reliability of the corn harvester are further prolonged, meanwhile, the briquetting machine 5 is maintained without lubrication by workers, and the labor cost is reduced.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A novel corn harvester, comprising: a frame (1);
the cutting table (2) is arranged on the front side of the frame (1), the cutting table (2) comprises an upper cutting table (21) and a lower cutting table (22), the upper cutting table (21) is used for picking ears, and the lower cutting table (22) is used for cutting off straws and crushing the straws;
the straw conveying device (3), the straw conveying device (3) is positioned below the cutting table (2), and the straw conveying device (3) is used for conveying straws;
the quantitative feeding bin (4) is arranged on the frame (1), a feeding hole of the quantitative feeding bin (4) is communicated with a discharging hole of the straw conveying device (3), a discharging hole is arranged below the quantitative feeding bin (4), a quantitative auger (44) is further arranged in the quantitative feeding bin (4), and the quantitative auger (44) is used for conveying straws to the discharging hole of the quantitative feeding bin (4);
the briquetting machine (5) is arranged on the frame (1), and a feed inlet of the briquetting machine (5) is communicated with a discharge outlet of the quantitative feeding bin (4);
the particle collecting bin (6) is arranged on the frame (1), and the particle collecting bin (6) is used for collecting particles pressed out by the briquetting machine (5);
the lower cutting table (22) comprises a bottom plate (221), positioning plates (222) are respectively arranged on two sides of the bottom plate (221), two sides of the upper cutting table (21) are fixedly connected with the two positioning plates (222) respectively, a positioning cutter (223) is arranged on the front side of the bottom plate (221), the lower cutting table also comprises a plurality of conveying and crushing rollers (224), two ends of each conveying and crushing roller (224) are respectively rotatably arranged on the two positioning plates (222), the conveying and crushing rollers (224) are positioned above the bottom plate (221), a plurality of conveying and crushing rollers (224) are equidistantly arranged, crushing blades (225) are arranged on the side surfaces of the conveying and crushing rollers (224), the lower cutting table also comprises a collecting auger (229), two ends of the collecting auger (229) are respectively rotatably arranged on the two positioning plates (222), and the collecting auger (229) is positioned behind the conveying and crushing rollers (224), and blades on two sides of the collecting auger (229) are reversely rotated;
the straw conveying device (3) comprises a crushing bin (31) and a material throwing fan (32), wherein a material inlet of the crushing bin (31) is communicated with a middle material outlet of the collecting auger (229), a material outlet of the crushing bin (31) is communicated with a material inlet of the material throwing fan (32), a material throwing pipe (33) is connected with a material outlet of the material throwing fan (32), and a material outlet of the material throwing pipe (33) faces to the quantitative material feeding bin (4);
the crushing bin (31) comprises a forced feeding device (311) and a crushing device (312), wherein the forced feeding device (311) is positioned at the front side of the crushing device (312), and the forced feeding device (311) is used for conveying straws to the crushing device (312);
the forced feeding device (311) comprises a plurality of conveying rollers (3111) rotatably arranged in the crushing bin (31), two feeding frames (3112) are rotatably arranged in the two sides of the crushing bin (31), one end of each feeding frame (3112) is rotatably arranged on one side of the crushing bin (31), the other end of each feeding frame is rotatably provided with a feeding roller (3113), two ends of each feeding roller (3113) are rotatably arranged at the end parts of the two feeding frames (3112), one end of a spring (3114) is further connected to the middle of each feeding frame (3112), the other end of each spring (3114) is connected with the crushing bin (31), and the spring (3114) is used for applying elastic force for enabling the feeding frames (3112) to rotate towards the conveying rollers (3111);
further comprises: the first grain conveying groove (8) is formed in the frame (1), and the first grain conveying groove (8) is used for conveying corn separated by the upper cutting table (21);
the scraping machine (9) is arranged on the frame (1), a feeding hole of the scraping machine (9) is positioned below a discharging hole of the first grain conveying groove (8), and a discharging hole of the scraping machine (9) is communicated with the quantitative feeding bin (4);
and the corn collecting bin (11) is used for collecting corn.
2. The novel corn harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper header (21) comprises a header frame, a plurality of guide grooves (212) are formed in the header frame, a spike picking groove (213) is formed in the rear side of the guide grooves (212), a group of spike picking chains (214) are arranged on the upper side of the spike picking groove (213), the conveying direction of the spike picking chains (214) is parallel to the extending direction of the spike picking groove (213), a group of spike picking rollers (215) are arranged on the lower side of the spike picking groove (213), the rotating shaft of the spike picking rollers (215) is parallel to the extending direction of the spike picking groove (213), a first conveying auger (216) is further arranged on the header frame, the conveying direction of the first conveying auger (216) is perpendicular to the spike picking groove (213), the rear sides of the spike picking grooves (213) are all communicated with the first conveying auger (216), and the discharging port of the first conveying auger (216) is located above the coating port of the first conveying auger (8).
3. The novel corn harvester of claim 1, wherein a deflector (2210) is arranged on the side surface of the middle part of the auger shaft of the collecting auger (229), the deflector (2210) is arranged along the direction of the auger shaft of the collecting auger (229) along the direction of a side bus, the height of the deflector (2210) is identical to the height of the blade of the collecting auger (229), a plurality of tooth-shaped notches are formed in the edge of the deflector (2210), the number of the deflector (2210) is two, two deflector (2210) are respectively arranged on two sides of the middle part of the auger shaft of the collecting auger (229), and two deflector (2210) are arranged along the opposite radial directions of the auger shaft of the collecting auger (229).
4. The novel corn harvester according to claim 1, wherein the crushing device (312) comprises crushing fixed cutters (3121) and crushing cutter shafts (3122), the crushing fixed cutters (3121) are arranged in the crushing bin (31), the crushing fixed cutters (3121) are arranged at equal intervals along the transverse direction, the crushing cutter shafts (3122) are rotationally arranged in the crushing bin (31), the crushing cutter shafts (3122) are axially parallel to the arrangement direction of the crushing fixed cutters (3121), crushing blades (3123) are arranged on the crushing cutter shafts (3122), the crushing blades (3123) are a plurality of, the crushing blades (3123) are axially equidistantly arranged along the crushing cutter shafts (3122), the arrangement space of the crushing blades (3123) is the same as that of the crushing fixed cutters (3121), and each crushing blade (3123) is positioned between two crushing fixed cutters (3121).
5. The novel corn harvester according to claim 1, wherein the quantitative feeding bin (4) comprises a storage bin (41) and a pressing bin (42) which are communicated with each other, the storage bin (41) is positioned at the rear side above the pressing bin (42), the bottom of the storage bin (41) is gradually lowered from front to back, the bottom of the storage bin (41) is further rotatably provided with a feeding auger (43), and the feeding auger (43) is used for conveying straws to the rear;
the quantitative auger (44) is arranged in the vertical direction, the lower end of the quantitative auger (44) is located above a discharge hole of the quantitative feeding bin (4), and the upper end of the quantitative auger (44) is located in the storage bin (41).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811630412.8A CN109526380B (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Novel corn harvester |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811630412.8A CN109526380B (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Novel corn harvester |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109526380A CN109526380A (en) | 2019-03-29 |
| CN109526380B true CN109526380B (en) | 2024-04-09 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009201431A (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2009-09-10 | Yanmar Co Ltd | Straw collector of combine harvester |
| CN103250513A (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2013-08-21 | 山东理工大学 | Self-propelled corn-harvesting straw-bundling combined machine |
| CN203219726U (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-10-02 | 朱春玲 | Stack type corn harvester |
| CN204634396U (en) * | 2015-05-24 | 2015-09-16 | 黑龙江省聚拢乾坤农业技术开发有限公司 | Excellent grain header under a kind of large-scale corn peeling |
| CN209462944U (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-10-08 | 河北合舜机械科技有限公司 | A kind of new type maize harvesting machine |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AR068263A1 (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2009-11-11 | Jose Luis Poeylaut | PLANT OPENING DEVICE AND SPIG SEPARATOR FOR HARVESTING MACHINES |
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2018
- 2018-12-29 CN CN201811630412.8A patent/CN109526380B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009201431A (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2009-09-10 | Yanmar Co Ltd | Straw collector of combine harvester |
| CN103250513A (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2013-08-21 | 山东理工大学 | Self-propelled corn-harvesting straw-bundling combined machine |
| CN203219726U (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-10-02 | 朱春玲 | Stack type corn harvester |
| CN204634396U (en) * | 2015-05-24 | 2015-09-16 | 黑龙江省聚拢乾坤农业技术开发有限公司 | Excellent grain header under a kind of large-scale corn peeling |
| CN209462944U (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-10-08 | 河北合舜机械科技有限公司 | A kind of new type maize harvesting machine |
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