CN109524957A - Consider the integrated energy system Optimization Scheduling of carbon transaction mechanism and flexible load - Google Patents
Consider the integrated energy system Optimization Scheduling of carbon transaction mechanism and flexible load Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of integrated energy system Optimization Schedulings for considering carbon transaction mechanism and flexible load.Technical solution of the present invention models the coupling link of integrated energy system comprising steps of based on energy centre model, and input energy sources are electric energy and natural gas, and output electric energy, thermal energy and natural gas are to supply workload demand；Carbon transaction mechanism is introduced into integrated energy system scheduling model, the carbon emission of entire energy supply link is comprehensively considered, and set up discharge fine mechanism；Flexible load is applied in the low-carbon economy operation of integrated energy system；On the basis of the above, power system network constraint, natural gas system network constraint and energy centre internal constraint are introduced, is established using carbon transaction cost, flexible load scheduling cost and system energy consumption cost as the integrated energy system low-carbon economy scheduling model of target.The present invention can promote renewable energy to dissolve, and reduce system energy consumption and carbon emission, be obviously improved the comprehensive benefit of system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of power system, especially a kind of comprehensive energy system for considering carbon transaction mechanism and flexible load
System Optimization Scheduling.
Background technique
With the continuous development of China's economic society, Energy situation and environmental pollution it is increasingly serious, that provides multiple forms of energy to complement each other is comprehensive
Energy resource system is closed as the inevitable choice for solving energy crisis and environmental problem, it has also become the focus of various circles of society.It is comprehensive
Energy resource system broken each energy separately plan, independently operated existing mode, the collaboration optimization that can be realized various energy resources is mutual
Ji is to improve clean energy resource utilization efficiency, realizes energy-saving and emission-reduction and ensures the powerful support technology of the energy safety of supply.
Currently, carbon transaction mechanism is considered as one of most effective energy-saving and emission-reduction measure.So far, there are many study carbon
Mechanism of exchange introduces conventional electric power system, and some further studies the low-carbon economy model of electric-gas interconnection integrated system.So
And study at present all only in meter and electric system conventional power generation unit carbon emission influence, do not account for other energy supplies
The carbon emission that link generates.For integrated energy system, carbon emission cost should not only consider electric system, and should integrate and examine
Consider entire energy supply system.
In addition, flexible load can by participate in system optimization scheduling, can peak load shifting, balance wind-powered electricity generation fluctuation, reduce
Abandonment amount and CO2Discharge amount is conducive to abundant integrated energy system management and running means.Therefore, integrated energy system is being carried out
Collaboration optimization when be necessary consider flexible load influence.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provide it is a kind of consideration carbon transaction mechanism and flexible load integrated energy system it is excellent
Change dispatching method, advantageously reduce energy consumption and reduce carbon emission, to significantly improve system overall efficiency.
The following technical solution is employed by the present invention: considering that the integrated energy system of carbon transaction mechanism and flexible load optimizes tune
Degree method comprising step:
1) based on energy centre model, the coupling link of integrated energy system is modeled, input energy sources are electricity
Energy and natural gas, output electric energy, thermal energy and natural gas are to supply workload demand；Energy centre model is a kind of by energy supply side
It links together with Demand-side, describes energy supply, workload demand in multi-energy system, exchange, intermodule coupling between network
The input-output port model of relationship；
2) carbon transaction mechanism is introduced into integrated energy system scheduling method, the carbon transaction of meter and entire energy supply link
Cost, and fine is arranged in fired power generating unit higher for carbon emission coefficient, with the CO of further restraint system2Discharge amount；
3) consider influence of the flexible load to integrated energy system Optimized Operation, by flexible load be divided into can reduction plans,
Transferable load and translatable load three classes；
4) the integrated energy system low-carbon economy scheduling model of meter and flexible load under carbon transaction mechanism is established；
5) integrated energy system low-carbon economy scheduling model is carried out linearization process and solved to obtain scheduling result.
The present invention introduces carbon transaction mechanism and flexible load simultaneously in the integrated energy system containing wind-powered electricity generation, advantageously reduces
Energy consumption and reduction carbon emission, significantly improve system overall efficiency.Firstly, the introducing of carbon transaction mechanism can change with economic load dispatching
Based on traditional distribution mode, realize low-carbon and economical concert rationality and multi-objective problem single goal.In addition, in carbon transaction mould
Flexible load is introduced under formula, lifting system wind electricity digestion can be carried out by adjusting load curve and reduces integrated operation cost.
Supplement as above-mentioned technical proposal, entire integrated energy system are divided into source, net side, energy centre and load
Side, it is energy centre and fired power generating unit that the carbon emission source considered is needed in entire integrated energy system, and energy centre mainly considers to fire
The carbon emission cost of gas boiler and CHP；
Its carbon transaction process is divided into three phases by the fired power generating unit high for carbon emission coefficient: when practical carbon emission is small
When carbon transaction quota, carbon emission power is sold to obtain income；When practical carbon emission is greater than carbon transaction quota and excess is less than
The carbon of purchase temporary, only need to buy overages by carbon transaction price；When practical carbon emission is greater than carbon transaction quota and excess
Greater than purchase carbon temporary, in addition to need pay purchase carbon emission power transaction cost, it is also necessary to outward drain of fund part is penalized
Gold；To sum up, the carbon transaction cost calculation formula of fired power generating unit is shown below:
In formula: F1For total carbon transaction cost of the IES in a dispatching cycle T；Carbon for fired power generating unit in the t period is handed over
Easy cost；The carbon emission power bought for t moment thermal power plant；σ is the nargin for buying carbon emission power；For penalizing for t period
Price of gold lattice；For the carbon transaction price of t moment；WithRespectively fired power generating unit is matched in t period carbon emission amount with carbon emission
Volume；For all energy centres period t carbon transaction cost.
Supplement as above-mentioned technical proposal, it is described can reduction plans it is cut down as required, load is cut down
Reimbursement for expenses afterwards are as follows:
In formula: fcutFor can reduction plans scheduling cost；For can the fixed of reduction plans cut down cost；For unit
The scheduling cost coefficient that volume load is cut down；It is the 0-1 variable for indicating load and whether being cut in t moment；For that can cut down
Be cut in amount of the load in t moment；
In view of the actual demand of user, can reduction plans need to meet load and cut down bound constraint and cut down the frequency about
Beam:
In formula:WithRespectively can reduction plans reduction upper and lower limit；To allow in a dispatching cycle
Peak load cut down number.
Supplement as above-mentioned technical proposal, the transferable load is according to the demand of energy management, partly or entirely
Other moment in dispatching cycle are transferred to, but total load amount is constant in a dispatching cycle；Transferable load scheduling cost and negative
Lotus transfer amount is proportional:
In formula: fmovFor transferable load scheduling cost；CmovFor the scheduling cost coefficient of unit volume load transfer；
For transferable load t moment transfer amount；
Electric energy constraint independent of time needed for transferable load need to meet load transfer bound constraint and load, it may be assumed that
In formula,WithThe upper and lower limit of respectively transferable load transfer amount.
Supplement as above-mentioned technical proposal, the translatable load are constrained by production procedure, can only be by load curve
Integral translation within a certain period of time；Translatable load scheduling cost are as follows:
In formula: ftrFor translatable load scheduling cost；CtrFor the scheduling cost coefficient of unit volume load translation；
For the former initial time and end time of translatable load；J is the set of translatable load original initial time；For original section
The interior translatable load power of t moment；t*For the initial time after load translation；Be indicate translatable load t moment whether by
The 0-1 variable of translation；
Translatable load need to meet the needs of starting load at the appointed time:
In formula: TlimFor the load time delay upper limit.
Supplement as above-mentioned technical proposal introduces power system network constraint, natural gas system network constraint and the energy
Central interior constraint is established using carbon transaction cost, flexible load scheduling cost and system energy consumption cost as the comprehensive energy of target
System low-carbon economy scheduling model.
Supplement as above-mentioned technical proposal, the optimization aim of integrated energy system low-carbon economy scheduling model are carbon transaction
Cost F1, flexible load dispatch cost F2With Energy Consumption Cost F3The sum of:
MinF=F1+F2+F3,
In formula, F is the total operating cost in one dispatching cycle of integrated energy system；
Energy Consumption Cost includes the fuel cost of fired power generating unit and the gas source power output cost of natural gas:
In formula: NGFor gas source set；ai、bi、ciFor the consumption characteristic curve parameter of i-th fired power generating unit；It indicates
The output power of j-th of gas source of t period；For j-th of gas source cost coefficient；For i-th thermal motor of t moment
The electromotive power output of group；NPFor fired power generating unit set.
Supplement as above-mentioned technical proposal considers the pact of the integrated energy system low-carbon economy scheduling model of flexible load
Beam condition includes energy centre internal constraint, electric power networks constrain and natural gas network constraint, wherein energy centre internal constraint
Condition includes power-balance constraint, multipotency stream Changeover constraint, equipment power output bound constraint and caisson constraint；Electric power networks
Constraint includes node power Constraints of Equilibrium, the constraint of generator output bound and power transmission constraint；Natural gas network constraint packet
Include node flow Constraints of Equilibrium, gas source units limits, pressurizing point constraint and pipeline transmission constraint.
Integrated energy system low-carbon economy scheduling model is carried out linearization process by supplement as above-mentioned technical proposal,
And it is solved using the business solver YALMIP+GUROBI under MATLAB environment.
Supplement as above-mentioned technical proposal, integrated energy system low-carbon economy scheduling model use under MATLAB environment
The process that business solver YALMIP+GUROBI is solved is as follows:
Natural gas line transmission flow is related with the node air pressure of pipe ends and pipeline transmission coefficient, natural gas line
Transmit constraint representation are as follows:
pmin,i≤pi,t≤pmax,i,
In formula: KnjFor pipeline nj transmission coefficient；Indicate the limit value of pipeline nj transmission gas discharge；pmax,iAnd pmin,i
The respectively air pressure upper and lower bound of node i；pn,tAnd pi,tRespectively indicate the air pressure of t moment node n Yu node j；It indicates to add
The transmission flow of pressure station Egress node n to node j.
Above-mentioned constraint is so that constructed model is non-convex, and is difficult to solve by business solver；In order to effective
It solves, converts it into MIXED INTEGER Second-order cone programming model, i.e. MISOCP model using second order cone relaxing techniques below:
Firstly, natural gas line transmission constraint is converted to the mixed-integer nonlinear programming model being shown below, i.e.,
MINLP model:
In formula: KnjFor pipeline nj transmission coefficient；Indicate the limit value of pipeline nj transmission gas discharge；pmax,iAnd pmin,i
The respectively air pressure upper and lower bound of node i；pn,tAnd pj,tRespectively indicate the air pressure of t moment node n Yu node j；It indicates to add
The transmission flow of pressure station Egress node n to node j；
Above-mentioned constraint is so that constructed model is non-convex, and is difficult to solve by business solver；In order to effective
It solves, converts it into MIXED INTEGER Second-order cone programming model, i.e. MISOCP model using second order cone relaxing techniques below:
Firstly, natural gas line transmission constraint is converted to the mixed-integer nonlinear programming model being shown below, i.e.,
MINLP model:
In formula,Indicate node air pressure pn,tSquare；Indicate node air pressure pj,tSquare；WithRespectively save
Point air pressure pn,tSquare of maximum value and minimum value；WithIt is the 0-1 variable for indicating gas discharge transmission direction；
Then, above-mentioned MINLP model is further relaxed as MISOCP model:
In formula,ForSlack variable；WithRespectively node air pressure pj,tMaximum value and minimum value
Square；
For the accuracy for guaranteeing the optimization problem after relaxation, introduces penalty factor ζ and loose constraint condition is limited:
In formula, lgFor natural gas line set；
By above-mentioned processing, MINLP problem is just reduced to MISOCP problem, is asked at this time using the business under MATLAB environment
Solution device YALMIP+GUROBI is solved.
Technical solution provided by the invention has the advantage that as follows: considering under carbon transaction mechanism provided by the invention soft
Property load integrated energy system Optimization Scheduling can be effectively reduced by introducing carbon transaction mechanism and flexible load and be
The integrated operation cost of system.On the one hand, systematic economy cost and Environmental costs, carbon row can be comprehensively considered by introducing carbon transaction mechanism
Put that coefficient is small, the higher unit of cost of electricity-generating or the available effective utilization of equipment.Volume discharge was set up to fired power generating unit
Fine mechanism can be further reduced the carbon emission amount of system.On the other hand, the shadow of flexible load is considered in Optimized Operation
It rings, renewable energy consumption, lifting system comprehensive benefit can be promoted by promoting load shaping.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is natural gas line mode figure in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is 9 node energy centre system construction drawings in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is energy centre structure chart in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4-6 is respectively electric load, gas load and heat load prediction curve graph in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 is fine price in the specific embodiment of the invention to carbon emission and carbon transaction influence curve figure；
Fig. 8-10 is respectively that electric load, gas load and thermic load before and after flexible load are introduced in the specific embodiment of the invention
Comparison diagram；
Figure 11 is blower power output comparison diagram before and after introducing flexible load in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Figure 12 is the flow chart of integrated energy system Optimization Scheduling of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Purpose, technical solution and technical effect for a better understanding of the invention, below in conjunction with attached drawing to the present invention into
The further explaining illustration of row.
The invention proposes a kind of integrated energy system Optimization Schedulings for considering flexible load, as shown in figure 12,
Implementing procedure includes following detailed step:
Step 1 models the coupling unit of energy resource system using the modeling pattern of energy centre, is abstracted into one
A input/output port model, input energy sources are electric energy and natural gas, and output electric energy, thermal energy and natural gas are needed with supplying load
It asks；And integrated energy system is abstracted into and is formed by connecting by multiple energy centres, gas source and generator etc. by energy network
Multi-energy system model；
Step 2 introduces carbon transaction mechanism in the Optimized Operation of integrated energy system；
In order to reduce carbon emission, supervision department sets up carbon transaction mechanism.In the mechanism, carbon emission is considered as one kind can
The commodity of free transaction.Government or supervision department distribute carbon emission amount standard, i.e. carbon to the carbon emission source for participating in carbon transaction in advance
Transaction quota.Each carbon emission source formulates according to obtained quota and adjusts production plan, if the practical carbon emission amount in carbon emission source
Greater than emission credit, then the carbon emission amount of excess must be bought；If practical carbon emission amount is less than quota, can be by remaining amount
It sells to benefit.
For entire integrated energy system, source, net side, energy centre and load side can be divided into.Since natural gas produces
It is smaller with carbon emission amount in transmission process, so the carbon emission that the gentle net of gas source generates is not considered.Grid side and load side
Carbon emission cost can embody in source side, also not calculate in the present invention it.Thus, entire integrated energy system
The middle carbon emission source that need to be considered is energy centre and fired power generating unit.In addition, P2G equipment and caisson carbon emission coefficient are relatively
It is small, so also taking no account of, i.e., gas fired-boiler and the carbon emission cost of CHP are mainly considered in energy centre.
1) energy centre
Gas fired-boiler consumes natural gas and external heat supply, and carbon emission amount is proportional to output thermal energy.CHP consumption is natural
Gas, and thermal energy and electric energy are produced simultaneously, electric energy is converted to thermal energy, and practical carbon emission amount is calculated according to total output thermal energy.
Therefore m-th of energy centre is in the carbon emission amount calculating formula of t period are as follows:
In formula:WithThe boiler of respectively m-th energy centre and the carbon emission coefficient of CHP；WithRespectively
For m-th energy centre boiler and CHP the t period output thermal power；For m-th of energy centre CHP in the t period
Electromotive power output；λehThe conversion factor of heating load is converted to for generated energy；Δ t is a scheduling slot.
The present invention is allocated carbon emission amount using reference line method, i.e., carbon emission quota is proportional to heating load:
In formula:For the carbon transaction quota of m-th of energy centre in period t；μhCarbon transaction for unit heating load is matched
Volume.
Then carbon transaction cost of all energy centres in period tCalculating formula are as follows:
In formula:For the carbon transaction price of t moment；M is energy centre set；T is one
Dispatching cycle.
2) fired power generating unit
Fired power generating unit is in t period carbon emission amountWith carbon emission quotaCalculating formula are as follows:
In formula:For the carbon emission coefficient of i-th fired power generating unit；μeFor unit power supply volume carbon emission distribution coefficient；For t
The electromotive power output of i-th fired power generating unit of moment, NPFor fired power generating unit set.
Its carbon transaction process is divided into three phases: when practical carbon emission by fired power generating unit higher for carbon emission coefficient
When less than quota, carbon emission power is sold to obtain income；When practical carbon emission is greater than quota and excess is less than the carbon power of purchase
When, only overages need to be bought by carbon transaction price；It is greater than the carbon of purchase temporary when practical carbon emission is greater than quota and excess,
Transaction cost in addition to needing to pay the carbon emission power of purchase, it is also necessary to the fine of outward drain of fund part.To sum up, the carbon of thermoelectricity is handed over
Easy cost calculation formula is as follows:
In formula: F1For total carbon transaction cost of the integrated energy system in a dispatching cycle T；It is fired power generating unit in t
The carbon transaction cost of period；The carbon emission power bought for t moment thermal power plant；σ is the nargin for buying carbon emission power；For
The fine price of t period.
Step 3 is required according to the power consumption characteristics of flexible load and user, and foundation can reduction plans, transferable load and can
Translate the three classes flexible load models such as load；
It (1) can reduction plans
Can reduction plans can carry out a degree of reduction to it as required, load cut down after reimbursement for expenses are as follows:
In formula: fcutFor can reduction plans scheduling cost；For can the fixed of reduction plans cut down cost；For unit
The scheduling cost coefficient that volume load is cut down；It is the 0-1 variable for indicating load and whether being cut in t moment；For that can cut down
Be cut in amount of the load in t moment.
In view of the actual demand of user, can reduction plans need to meet load and cut down bound constraint and cut down the frequency about
Beam:
In formula:WithRespectively can reduction plans reduction upper and lower bound；For in a dispatching cycle
The peak load of permission cuts down number.
(2) transferable load
Transferable load can partly or entirely be transferred to other moment in dispatching cycle according to the demand of energy management, but
Total load amount is constant in one dispatching cycle.Transferable load scheduling cost is proportional to load transfer amount:
In formula: fmovFor transferable load scheduling cost；CmovFor the scheduling cost coefficient of unit volume load transfer；
For transferable load t moment transfer amount.
Electric energy constraint independent of time needed for transferable load need to meet load transfer bound constraint and load, it may be assumed that
In formulaWithThe upper and lower bound of respectively transferable load transfer amount.
(3) translatable load
Translatable load is constrained by production procedure, can only be by load curve integral translation within a certain period of time.It is translatable
Load scheduling cost are as follows:
In formula: ftrFor translatable load scheduling cost；CtrFor the scheduling cost coefficient of unit volume load translation；
For the former initial time and end time of translatable load；J is the set of translatable load original initial time；For original section
The interior translatable load power of t moment；t*For the initial time after load translation；Be indicate translatable load t moment whether
Translated 0-1 variable.
Translatable load need to meet the needs of starting load at the appointed time:
In formula: TlimFor the load time delay upper limit.
To sum up, flexible load total activation cost F2Calculating formula are as follows:
F2=ftr+fmov+fcut。
Step 4, establish under carbon transaction mechanism consider flexible load integrated energy system Optimal Operation Model, and to its into
It is solved after row linearization process；
The optimization aim of integrated energy system low-carbon economy scheduling model is carbon transaction cost F1, flexible load dispatch cost
F2With Energy Consumption Cost F3The sum of:
Min F=F1+F2+F3,
In formula, F is the total operating cost in one dispatching cycle of integrated energy system.
Wherein, Energy Consumption Cost includes the fuel cost of fired power generating unit and the gas source power output cost of natural gas:
In formula: NGFor gas source set；ai、bi、ciFor the consumption characteristic curve parameter of i-th fired power generating unit；Table
Show the output power of j-th of gas source of t period；For j-th of gas source cost coefficient.
The constraint condition of integrated energy system low-carbon economy scheduling model include energy centre internal constraint, electric power networks about
Beam and natural gas network constraint.
(1) energy centre internal constraint
1) power-balance constraint
In formula:Respectively m-th of gentle power of energy centre input electric power of t moment；Respectively
For P2G power consumption in m-th of energy centre of t moment and CHP unit generation power；Respectively t moment
P2G gas consumption power, CHP unit gas consumption power and gas fired-boiler gas consumption power in m-th of energy centre； Respectively t
CHP unit heating power and gas fired-boiler heating power in m-th of energy centre of moment； For t moment m
Electricity, the air and heat load of a energy centre；Indicate loss ratio of the thermal energy in the heat supply network of region.
2) multipotency stream Changeover constraint
In formula: ηp2g、ηgb、WithRespectively indicate P2G equipment, gas fired-boiler, CHP unit gas turn electricity and CHP unit
Gas turn heat energy conversion efficiency.
3) equipment operation constraint
In formula:WithRespectively indicate P2G equipment in m-th of energy centre, gas fired-boiler,
The power output upper limit of CHP unit power supply and the heat supply of CHP unit.
4) caisson constrains
Caisson needs to meet gas storage Constraints of Equilibrium shown in following formula and gas storage capacity-constrained at runtime.In addition, gas storage fills
Setting cannot be inflatable and deflatable simultaneously in a scheduling slot.
In formula:WithIt respectively indicates and is stored up in m-th of energy centre of moment t moment
Gas-storing capacity, gas storage power and the deflation power of device of air；ηchAnd ηdchRespectively caisson volumetric efficiency and deflation efficiency；WithRespectively indicate the upper and lower bound of gas storage state；WithRespectively caisson gas storage and deflation
0-1 state variable indicates that, in gas storage and deflation status, value is then opposite when being 0 when value is 1.
In order to guarantee the adjusting nargin of next dispatching cycle, it is assumed that caisson is at starting and ending moment dispatching cycle
Gas-storing capacity be consistent, it may be assumed that
(2) electric power networks constrain
1) node power balances
In formula: NLThe set of all branches in electric system；For the active power of t moment transmission line of electricity ij transmission；For the sum of the transimission power of t period and the connected all branches of node i；θiIt (t) is the voltage phase angle of t moment node i；Xij
For the reactance of transmission line of electricity ij.
2) generator output bound constrains
In formula:WithThe power output upper and lower bound of respectively i-th fired power generating unit；WithWhen respectively t
Carve the active power output and the power output upper limit of i-th Wind turbines.
3) power transmission constrains
In formula,For line transmission power threshold.
(3) natural gas network constraint
1) node flow Constraints of Equilibrium
In formula:WithIt respectively indicates gas source output gas discharge that t moment is connected with node i and energy centre is defeated
Enter gas discharge；For the sum of the transmission gas discharge for all branch t moments that are connected with node i.
2) gas source units limits
In formula,WithRespectively indicate the power output upper and lower bound of gas source.
3) pressurizing point constrains
Natural gas, since its inner wall of the pipe is rough and the factors such as environment temperature, can exist certain in transmission process
Gas transmission loss.Therefore reasonable construction pressurizing point is needed to guarantee downstream distribution pressure, natural gas line model such as Fig. 1 institute in annex
Show.
Node i to node j transmission gas dischargeEqual to the gas discharge of pressurizing point consumptionGo out with pressurizing point
The transmission flow of mouth node n to node jThe sum of:
The gas discharge of pressurizing point consumption may be expressed as:
In formula: KinFor the constant coefficient of pressurizing point, usual the consumed energy of pressurizing point is the 3%- of the gas discharge of transmission
5%；ωuAnd ωlRespectively upper and lower bound is compared in the pressurization of pressurizing point；pn,tAnd pi,tRespectively indicate t moment node n's and node j
Air pressure.
4) pipeline transmission constraint
Natural gas line transmission flow is related with the node air pressure of pipe ends and pipeline transmission coefficient, may be expressed as:
pmin,i≤pi,t≤pmax,i,
In formula: KnjFor pipeline nj transmission coefficient；Indicate the limit value of pipeline nj transmission gas discharge；pmax,iAnd pmin,i
The respectively air pressure upper and lower bound of node i.
5) gas discharge and power flow convert
G=HGVQ,
In formula: Q and G is respectively gas discharge and power flow；HGVFor natural gas high heating value.
Natural gas line transmission constraint is so that constructed model is non-convex, and is difficult to solve by business solver.In order to
It is enough effectively to solve, MIXED INTEGER Second-order cone programming (mixed-integer is converted it into using second order cone relaxing techniques below
Second order cone programming, MISOCP) model:
Firstly, natural gas line transmission constraint is converted to the mixed integer nonlinear programming (mixed- being shown below
Integer nonlinear programming, MINLP) model:
In formula,Indicate node air pressureSquare；WithRespectively node air pressure maximum value and minimum value is flat
Side；WithIt is the 0-1 variable for indicating gas discharge transmission direction.
Then, above-mentioned MINLP model is further relaxed as MISOCP model:
In formula,ForSlack variable.
For the accuracy for guaranteeing the optimization problem after relaxation, introduces penalty factor ζ and loose constraint condition is limited:
In formula, lgFor natural gas line set.
By above-mentioned processing, MINLP problem is just reduced to MISOCP problem, and is solved using the business under MATLAB environment
Device YALMIP+GUROBI is solved.
It is of the invention to explain below by taking a simple multiple-energy-source centring system as an example for a further understanding of the present invention
Practical application.
9 node energy centre test system structure figures are as shown in Fig. 2, which includes 3 thermoelectricitys
Unit, 3 gas source points, 1 wind power plant, 9 transmission lines of electricity, 9 natural gas lines and 9 energy centres.Energy centre 5 it is interior
Portion's structure is as shown in Fig. 3, without P2G and gas storage equipment in remaining energy centre.
Electric power, natural gas and thermic load constant power are unified to indicate (p.u.) with per unit value, and takes the power reference value to be
100MVA, cost unit are indicated with financial unit (m.u.).Device parameter and cost coefficient are as shown in table 1-2, and load curve is such as
As shown in figs. 4 through 6, and assume that load is evenly distributed in 9 energy centres.
1 input energy sources cost parameter of table
| Title | a(m.u.) | b(m.u./p.u.) | c(m.u./p.u.2) | Power output lower limit | The power output upper limit |
| PG1 | 0 | 9 | 0.09 | 2 | 7 |
| PG2 | 0 | 10 | 0.1 | 2.5 | 9 |
| PG3 | 0 | 11 | 0.11 | 2.5 | 8 |
| NGS1 | 0 | 5.3 | 0 | 0 | 11 |
| NGS2 | 0 | 5.2 | 0 | 0 | 11 |
| NGS3 | 0 | 5.1 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| WT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Pwmax(t) |
Each equipment operating parameter in 2 energy centre of table
In order to illustrate under carbon transaction mechanism meter and flexible load integrated energy system Optimized model validity with it is superior
Property, the present invention analyze following 3 kinds of scenes:
Scene 1: traditional economy scheduling model is used, does not consider flexible load.
Scene 2: low-carbon economy scheduling model is used, does not consider flexible load.
Scene 3: low-carbon economy scheduling model, meter and flexible load are used.
For above-mentioned three kinds of scenes, solve Optimized Operation the results are shown in Table 3.By scene 1 and 2 scheduling result pair of scene
Than can be seen that, when using traditional economy scheduling model, system energy consuming cost is relatively low, and the cost is relatively high for carbon transaction.
This is because this scene does not account for the influence of carbon emission factor, carbon emission coefficient is small, the higher unit of cost of electricity-generating or equipment
It cannot effectively utilize.Low-carbon economy scheduling model under scene 2 then passes through the guidance of carbon transaction mechanism, reduces system carbon row
High-volume.
After scene 3 considers flexible load on the basis of scene 2, system carbon emission amount and integrated operation cost further subtract
It is few.This is because peak period load is transferred to low-valley interval, so that system resource allocation is more after flexible load participates in scheduling
Add flexibly: on the one hand, it is possible to reduce on the other hand load peak period high carbon emission and high energy consumption unit output increase and are
The wind electricity digestion capability in system load valley period, to reduce fired power generating unit power output.
Be comprehensively compared it is above-mentioned three kinds optimization scene as a result, in the Optimized Operation of integrated energy system at the same consider carbon friendship
Easily and flexible load, though Energy Consumption Cost slightly increases, carbon emission amount is greatly decreased with carbon transaction cost, so that system is comprehensive
Closing operating cost reduces 895.11m.u..
3 different scenes optimum results of table
In order to further control carbon emission amount, present invention fired power generating unit higher for carbon emission coefficient set up volume
The fine mechanism of discharge.Attached drawing 7 be under low-carbon economy scheduling method integrated energy system carbon transaction cost and carbon emission amount with penalize
The relation curve of price of gold lattice.
The fine price of carbon transaction cost change curve initial point is equal to carbon transaction price, as disregards under fine mode
Carbon transaction market.With gradually increasing for fine price, the carbon emission fine of great number promote carbon transaction cost in totle drilling cost
Accounting increases, and system gradually reinforces the constraint to carbon emission amount, the unit output increase of low-carbon emission, high energy consumption, thus carbon is arranged
High-volume gradually decrease；When fine price increases to 21mu, cleaning unit is completely sent out, therefore carbon emission amount no longer changes.Thus may be used
Know, discharges fine mechanism by the way that reasonable volume of crossing is arranged, can effectively inhibit the carbon emission amount of integrated energy system, reach energy conservation
The purpose of emission reduction.
Attached drawing 8-10, which gives, considers flexible load front and back electricity/gas/thermic load situation of change under scene 3.It is red in figure
The load curve of system when indicating to take no account of flexible load, blue curve indicate to consider the low-carbon economy model optimization of flexible load
Load curve afterwards.
Due to load reduction will lead to grid company power selling income reduce, and can reduction plans scheduling cost coefficient it is larger,
Therefore the scheduling mode of flexible load is based on load transfer and load translation.As seen from the figure, the load curve performance after scheduling
The trend that wind-powered electricity generation follows is gone out.Electricity/gas/thermic load overall trend is that the wind-powered electricity generation low-valley interval from 8:00 to 21:00 is transferred to
Wind power output 21:00-24:00 and 1:00-8:00 period more more than needed.The introducing of flexible load so that peak load
Weaken, low ebb load increased, and promote load shaping, and system loading rate obviously rises, for reducing system operation cost
There is positive effect.
Attached drawing 11 is the practical power output Comparative result of wind-powered electricity generation before and after meter and flexible load.As seen from the figure, in the electricity consumption on daytime
Peak time, wind-powered electricity generation can be dissolved completely substantially.But in the low power consumption period at night, system wind-abandoning phenomenon is then more tight
Weight.After flexible load participates in scheduling, system wind-powered electricity generation receives ability to improve 10.18%.This illustrates that flexible load can make to integrate
The paddy period of energy resource system dissolves more wind-powered electricity generations, improves wind-powered electricity generation online ratio.
Claims (10)
1. considering the integrated energy system Optimization Scheduling of carbon transaction mechanism and flexible load, which is characterized in that comprising steps of
1) based on energy centre model, the coupling link of integrated energy system is modeled, input energy sources be electric energy and
Natural gas, output electric energy, thermal energy and natural gas are to supply workload demand；
2) carbon transaction mechanism is introduced into integrated energy system scheduling method, the carbon transaction of meter and entire energy supply link at
This, and fine is arranged in fired power generating unit higher for carbon emission coefficient, with the CO of further restraint system2Discharge amount；
3) consider influence of the flexible load to integrated energy system Optimized Operation, by flexible load be divided into can reduction plans, can turn
Move load and translatable load three classes；
4) the integrated energy system low-carbon economy scheduling model of meter and flexible load under carbon transaction mechanism is established；
5) integrated energy system low-carbon economy scheduling model is carried out linearization process and solved to obtain scheduling result.
2. the integrated energy system Optimization Scheduling according to claim 1 for considering carbon transaction mechanism and flexible load,
It is characterized in that, entire integrated energy system is divided into source, net side, energy centre and load side, in entire integrated energy system
The carbon emission source that need to be considered is energy centre and fired power generating unit, energy centre mainly consider the carbon emission of gas fired-boiler and CHP at
This；
Its carbon transaction process is divided into three phases by the fired power generating unit high for carbon emission coefficient: when practical carbon emission is less than carbon
When quota of trading, carbon emission power is sold to obtain income；When practical carbon emission is greater than carbon transaction quota and excess is less than purchase
Carbon temporary, only need to by carbon transaction price buy overages；When practical carbon emission is greater than carbon transaction quota and excess is greater than
The transaction cost that the carbon of purchase temporary, in addition to needing to pay the carbon emission bought is weighed, it is also necessary to the fine of outward drain of fund part；It is comprehensive
On, the carbon transaction cost calculation formula of fired power generating unit is shown below:
In formula: F1For total carbon transaction cost of the IES in a dispatching cycle T；For fired power generating unit the t period carbon transaction at
This；The carbon emission power bought for t moment thermal power plant；σ is the nargin for buying carbon emission power；For the fine valence of t period
Lattice；For the carbon transaction price of t moment；WithRespectively fired power generating unit is in t period carbon emission amount and carbon emission quota；
For all energy centres period t carbon transaction cost.
3. the integrated energy system Optimized Operation side according to claim 1 or 2 for considering carbon transaction mechanism and flexible load
Method, which is characterized in that building can three kinds of reduction plans, translatable load and transferable load flexible load models, and be applied to
The Optimized Operation of integrated energy system；
It is described can reduction plans it is cut down as required, load cut down after reimbursement for expenses are as follows:
In formula: fcutFor can reduction plans scheduling cost；For can the fixed of reduction plans cut down cost；For unit capacity
The scheduling cost coefficient that load is cut down；It is the 0-1 variable for indicating load and whether being cut in t moment；For can reduction plans
In the amount of being cut in of t moment；
In view of the actual demand of user, can reduction plans need to meet load and cut down bound constraint and cut down frequency constraint:
In formula:WithRespectively can reduction plans reduction upper and lower limit；To allow most in a dispatching cycle
Big load cuts down number.
4. the integrated energy system Optimized Operation side according to claim 1 or 2 for considering carbon transaction mechanism and flexible load
Method, which is characterized in that the transferable load is partly or entirely transferred in dispatching cycle it according to the demand of energy management
His at moment, but total load amount is constant in a dispatching cycle；Transferable load scheduling cost is proportional to load transfer amount:
In formula: fmovFor transferable load scheduling cost；CmovFor the scheduling cost coefficient of unit volume load transfer；For that can turn
Load is moved in the transfer amount of t moment；
Electric energy constraint independent of time needed for transferable load need to meet load transfer bound constraint and load, it may be assumed that
In formula,WithThe upper and lower limit of respectively transferable load transfer amount.
5. the integrated energy system Optimized Operation side according to claim 1 or 2 for considering carbon transaction mechanism and flexible load
Method, which is characterized in that the translatable load is constrained by production procedure, can only be whole within a certain period of time by load curve
Translation；Translatable load scheduling cost are as follows:
In formula: ftrFor translatable load scheduling cost；CtrFor the scheduling cost coefficient of unit volume load translation；For can
Translate the former initial time and end time of load；J is the set of translatable load original initial time；For t in original section
Moment translatable load power；t*For the initial time after load translation；It is to indicate whether translatable load is put down in t moment
The 0-1 variable of shifting；
Translatable load need to meet the needs of starting load at the appointed time:
In formula: TlimFor the load time delay upper limit.
6. the integrated energy system Optimized Operation side according to claim 1 or 2 for considering carbon transaction mechanism and flexible load
Method, which is characterized in that introduce power system network constraint, natural gas system network constraint and energy centre internal constraint, establish
Mould is dispatched using carbon transaction cost, flexible load scheduling cost and system energy consumption cost as the integrated energy system low-carbon economy of target
Type.
7. the integrated energy system Optimization Scheduling according to claim 6 for considering carbon transaction mechanism and flexible load,
It is characterized in that, the optimization aim of integrated energy system low-carbon economy scheduling model is carbon transaction cost F1, flexible load scheduling
Cost F2With Energy Consumption Cost F3The sum of:
MinF=F1+F2+F3,
In formula, F is the total operating cost in T dispatching cycle of integrated energy system one；
Energy Consumption Cost includes the fuel cost of fired power generating unit and the gas source power output cost of natural gas:
In formula: NGFor gas source set；ai、bi、ciFor the consumption characteristic curve parameter of i-th fired power generating unit；When indicating t
The output power of j-th of gas source of section；For j-th of gas source cost coefficient；For i-th fired power generating unit of t moment
Electromotive power output；NPFor fired power generating unit set.
8. the integrated energy system Optimization Scheduling according to claim 7 for considering carbon transaction mechanism and flexible load,
It is characterized in that, the constraint condition for considering the integrated energy system low-carbon economy scheduling model of flexible load includes in energy centre
Portion constraint, electric power networks constraint and natural gas network constraint, wherein energy centre internal constraints include power-balance constraint,
Multipotency stream Changeover constraint, equipment power output bound constraint and caisson constraint；Electric power networks constraint includes that node power balances
Constraint, the constraint of generator output bound and power transmission constraint；Natural gas network constraint includes node flow Constraints of Equilibrium, gas
Source units limits, pressurizing point constraint and pipeline transmission constraint.
9. the integrated energy system Optimized Operation side according to claim 1 or 2 for considering carbon transaction mechanism and flexible load
Method, feature is in the integrated energy system Optimization Scheduling for considering carbon transaction mechanism and flexible load, by integrated energy system
Low-carbon economy scheduling model carries out linearization process, and using the business solver YALMIP+GUROBI under MATLAB environment into
Row solves.
10. the integrated energy system Optimization Scheduling according to claim 9 for considering carbon transaction mechanism and flexible load,
It is characterized in that, integrated energy system low-carbon economy scheduling model is using the business solver YALMIP+ under MATLAB environment
The process that GUROBI is solved is as follows:
Natural gas line transmission flow is related with the node air pressure of pipe ends and pipeline transmission coefficient, natural gas line transmission
Constraint representation are as follows:
pmin,i≤pi,t≤pmax,i,
In formula: KnjFor pipeline nj transmission coefficient；Indicate the limit value of pipeline nj transmission gas discharge；pmax,iAnd pmin,iRespectively
For the air pressure upper and lower bound of node i；pn,tAnd pj,tRespectively indicate the air pressure of t moment node n Yu node j；Indicate pressurizing point
The transmission flow of Egress node n to node j；
Above-mentioned constraint is so that constructed model is non-convex, and is difficult to solve by business solver；In order to effectively solve,
MIXED INTEGER Second-order cone programming model, i.e. MISOCP model are converted it into using second order cone relaxing techniques below:
Firstly, natural gas line transmission constraint is converted to the mixed-integer nonlinear programming model being shown below, i.e. MINLP
Model:
In formula,Indicate node air pressure pn,tSquare；Indicate node air pressure pj,tSquare；WithRespectively node gas
Press pn,tSquare of maximum value and minimum value；WithIt is the 0-1 variable for indicating gas discharge transmission direction；
Then, above-mentioned MINLP model is further relaxed as MISOCP model:
In formula,ForSlack variable；WithRespectively node air pressure pj,tSquare of maximum value and minimum value；
For the accuracy for guaranteeing the optimization problem after relaxation, introduces penalty factor ζ and loose constraint condition is limited:
In formula, lgFor natural gas line set；
By above-mentioned processing, MINLP problem is just reduced to MISOCP problem, at this time using the business solver under MATLAB environment
YALMIP+GUROBI is solved.
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