CN109510224A - Photovoltaic energy storage and the united capacity configuration of distributed energy and running optimizatin method - Google Patents
Photovoltaic energy storage and the united capacity configuration of distributed energy and running optimizatin method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of photovoltaic energy storage and the united capacity configuration of distributed energy and running optimizatin methods, and this method comprises the following steps: (1) acquiring distributed energy resource system basic data and be accurate within 1 year the heating power and Power system load data curve of hour；(2) the minimum optimization aim of energy resource system year gross investment operating cost configures energy transition equipment capacity in distributed energy resource system in a distributed manner；(3) distributed energy resource system running optimizatin power curve is determined；(4) electric power net load curve is determined；(5) photovoltaic energy storage system-based data are acquired；(6) according to photovoltaic energy storage system-based data and electric power net load curve, configuration is optimized to battery energy storage rated power, battery energy storage rated capacity and charge and discharge strategy in photovoltaic energy storage system with the minimum optimization aim of year gross investment operating cost of photovoltaic energy storage system.Compared with prior art, the method for the present invention is quickly, comprehensive, result is accurate and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of comprehensive energy net capacity configurations and running optimizatin method, more particularly, to a kind of photovoltaic energy storage
With the united capacity configuration of distributed energy and running optimizatin method.
Background technique
Integrated energy system considers the synergistic effect of the various energy resources such as cold heat/electricity/gas, passes through comprehensive various energy resources network
Energy conversion and storage between system meet the energy demands such as power supply, heat supply, the cooling supply of social energy source terminal user, will be a variety of
Energy network system carries out planning operation as a whole, improves running efficiency of system to achieve energy-saving and emission reduction purposes.Comprehensive
It closes under energy resource system frame, further by introducing large capacity energy storage, realizes the association of electric power, heating power, the multiple energy systems of combustion gas
It with optimization, improves the big space-time unique of energy resource system and distributes ability rationally, can effectively solve renewable energy consumption and peak regulation etc. and ask
Topic.
In terms of distributed energy conversion equipment, since different geography and climate resources supplIes have certain complexity, still
Lack the unified planning that various conditions are contained in integration, systematically integrates all kinds of energy storages and conversion equipment.Heat pump heating is in day
Originally it is widely used, Northern Europe, the ratio of German using area heat supply are higher, and Britain sets by flourishing gas distributing system basis
It applies, largely uses gas fired-boiler direct heating.The Doctor of engineering academic dissertation of Tsinghua University's week Zhe: " distribution of multipotency collaboration
Energy resource system modeling and optimization " in, for the distributed energy resource system of multipotency collaboration, proposes and modeling is linearized based on superstructure
A set of energy resource system Optimum Design model, but do not account for energy flux computation (direction of energy, heating power of multipotency source network
Stream, combustion gas stream)." the dual-layer optimization planning and designing method of supply of cooling, heating and electrical powers micro-grid system ", number of patent application:
CN201310661953.8, the two stage of coupled characteristic for disclosing a kind of meter and micro-capacitance sensor planning and designing and running optimizatin are built
The friendship of outer layer device type, capacity optimization module and internal layer optimization of operation strategy module may be implemented in mould planing method, the model
Mutually optimization, but do not account for heat supply network and fuel gas network and model, and dual layer resist solving speed is very slow, often up to a few hours with
On.
In terms of photovoltaic-energy-storage system configuration operation, the Capacity design and operation reserve of battery energy storage are crucial.Capacity is too
It is small, photovoltaic electric power can not be effectively dissolved, the cost of investment of the too big then battery of capacity is too high, so in the capacity and valence of battery
There is an optimal balance point between lattice.The income that photovoltaic is coupled with battery energy storage from: 1, store extra photovoltaic electric power when
Power grid electricity price and photovoltaic send the difference of electricity price outside, 2, power grid electricity price when storing extra photovoltaic electric power and when discharging this some electrical power
The difference of power grid electricity price.The a large amount of of energy transition equipment use such as heat pump, CHP, air-conditioning and electric car bent to the electric power of load
Line has an impact, to will affect the configuration operation of photovoltaic energy storage system.At present both at home and abroad for photovoltaic-energy-storage system configuration fortune
Row scheduling has numerous studies, lays particular emphasis on individual consumer as unit of house or building, discusses that maximum revenue is asked from individual angle
Topic.But the whole research distributed rationally with operation for considering energy transition equipment and photovoltaic energy storage system not yet.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a kind of photovoltaic energy storage and divide
The united capacity configuration of the cloth energy and running optimizatin method.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of photovoltaic energy storage and the united capacity configuration of distributed energy and running optimizatin method, this method include following step
It is rapid:
(1) it acquires distributed energy resource system basic data and is accurate within 1 year the heating power and Power system load data song of hour
Line；
(2) according to distributed energy resource system basic data and heating power and Power system load data curve, the energy in a distributed manner
The minimum optimization aim of system year gross investment operating cost configures energy transition equipment capacity in distributed energy resource system；
(3) distributed energy resource system running optimizatin power curve is determined according to energy transition equipment capacity configuration result；
(4) electric power net load is determined according to Power system load data curve and distributed energy resource system running optimizatin power curve
Curve；
(5) photovoltaic energy storage system-based data are acquired；
(6) according to photovoltaic energy storage system-based data and electric power net load curve, with the year gross investment of photovoltaic energy storage system
The minimum optimization aim of operating cost is to battery energy storage rated power, battery energy storage rated capacity in photovoltaic energy storage system and fills
Electric discharge strategy optimizes configuration.
Step (2) specifically:
(21) distributed energy resource system optimization object function is established:
Min Ctotal-DER=LFn·CCapex-DER+COpex-DER,
Wherein, Ctotal-DERFor distributed energy resource system year gross investment operating cost, CCapex-DERFor distributed energy resource system
The middle initial total investment expenses of energy transition equipment, COpex-DERFor energy transition equipment annual operating cost in distributed energy resource system,
LFnFor recovery of the capital coefficient,D is discount rate, and n is the service life time limit of energy transition equipment；
(22) distributed energy resource system constraint function, including equality constraints functions and inequality constraints function are established,
Wherein, equality constraints functions are as follows:
In formula, PiFor the electric power active power of node i, ViFor the voltage of node i, VjFor the voltage of node j, NeFor electric power
System node number, GijFor the conductance of route ij, BijFor the susceptance of route ij, θijFor the phase difference of voltage of node i and j, QiFor
The electric power reactive power of node i, CpFor the specific heat capacity of water, AhFor heat supply network network associate matrix,For mass flow, TsTo supply
Coolant-temperature gage, ToFor leaving water temperature, Φ is the thermal power vector that each heating power node is consumed or provided, BhSquare is associated with for heat supply network loop
Battle array, KhFor the resistance coefficient of heat supply network pipeline, CsFor water supply network coefficient matrix, bsFor constant vector, CrFor return water net coefficient square
Battle array, TrFor return water temperature, brFor constant vector, AgFor fuel gas network network associate matrix, vgFor node air pressure, vqFor node combustion gas stream
Speed, BgFor fuel gas network loop incidence matrix, KgFor the resistance coefficient of fuel gas network pipeline, k is exponential constant；
Inequality constraints function includes:
(a) the bound constraint of energy transition equipment capacity:
In formula,For the electric power active power value that conversion equipment is provided in load peak,It is provided for conversion equipment
Electric power active power lower limit,For the upper limit for the electric power active power that conversion equipment provides,It is conversion equipment negative
The heating power power provided when lotus peak value,For the lower limit of heating power power,For the upper limit of heating power power；
(b) power network inequality constraints:
Vimin≤Vi≤Vimax, i=1 ..., Ne,
In formula, ViFor the voltage of node i, ViminFor the lower voltage limit of node i, VimaxFor the upper voltage limit of node i, NeFor
Interstitial content, PgeniIt is exported for the active power of i-th of generator,For the active power bottoming of i-th of generator,The upper limit, Q are exported for the active power of i-th of generatorgeniIt is exported for the reactive power of i-th of generator,It is i-th
The reactive power bottoming of a generator,The upper limit, N are exported for the reactive power of i-th of generatorgeFor the number of generator
Mesh, SkFor the electrical power of k-th of branch,For the electrical power lower limit of k-th of branch,In electrical power for k-th of branch
Limit, NleFor number of branches；
(c) heat supply network inequality constraints:
Ts_min≤Ts≤Ts_max,
Tr_min≤Tr≤Tr_max,
In formula,For each pipeline flow of heat supply network,For each pipeline flow lower limit of heat supply network,It is respectively managed for heat supply network
Road flow rate upper limit, TsFor each node supply water temperature of heat supply network, Ts_minFor each node supply water temperature lower limit of heat supply network, Ts_maxFor heating power
Net each node supply water temperature upper limit, TrFor each node return water temperature of heat supply network, Tr_minFor each node return water temperature lower limit of heat supply network,
Tr_maxFor each node return water temperature upper limit of heat supply network；
(d) fuel gas network inequality constraints:
pgmin≤pg≤pgmax,
vg_min≤vg≤vg_max,
In formula, pgFor each node gaseous-pressure of fuel gas network, pgminFor each node gaseous-pressure lower limit of fuel gas network, pgmaxFor combustion
Each node gaseous-pressure upper limit of gas net, vgFor the gas flow of each pipeline of fuel gas network, vg_minFor the combustion gas stream of each pipeline of fuel gas network
Measure lower limit, vg_maxFor the gas flow upper limit of each pipeline of fuel gas network；
(23) Optimization Solution obtains energy transition equipment capacity in distributed energy resource system.
The initial total investment expenses C of energy transition equipment in distributed energy resource systemCapex-DERSpecifically:
Wherein,For the initial outlay expense of conversion equipment i,The electricity that conversion equipment i is provided in load peak
Activity of force,For the heating power power that conversion equipment i is provided in load peak, ∨ indicates operator "or".
Energy transition equipment annual operating cost C in distributed energy resource systemOpex-DERSpecifically:
Wherein, CeFor power purchase price, PimportIt (t) is t-th hour superior power grid power purchase power in 1 year, CgFor combustion gas
Price, vgtotalIt (t) is t-th hour total gas consumption rate in 1 year, CcarbonFor carbon price, ξeIt is strong for electric power carbon emission
Degree, ξgFor natural gas carbon intensity, CO&MFor operation and maintenance cost, the hourage that T is 1 year.
Step (6) specifically:
(61) photovoltaic energy storage system optimization objective function is established:
Min Ctotal-PVB=CCapex-PVB+COpex-PVB,
Wherein, Ctotal-PVBFor photovoltaic energy storage system year gross investment operating cost, CCapex-PVBFor the throwing of photovoltaic energy storage system year
Rate are used, COpex-PVBFor photovoltaic energy storage system annual operating cost；
(62) photovoltaic energy storage system restriction function is established, comprising:
(a) charge-discharge electric power constrains:
In formula,For t hours the d days charge powers,For t hours the d days put
Electrical power,For battery energy storage rated power, 1≤d≤365,1≤t≤24；
(b) energy balance constrains:
In formula, EBESS(d,t)EBESSIt (t) is the electricity of d days t moment battery energy storages, EBESS(d,t-1)EBESS(t-1)
For the electricity of the d days t-1 moment battery energy storages, ηcFor battery charge efficiency, ηdFor cell discharge efficiency, Δ t is time step
It is long；
(c) battery storage capacity constrains:
In formula, EBESS(d, t) is the electricity of d days t moment battery energy storages,For battery energy storage rated capacity,
SOCminFor the minimum value that battery energy storage remaining capacity and capacity ratio allow, SOCmaxFor battery energy storage remaining capacity and capacity ratio
It is worth the minimum value allowed；
(63) Optimization Solution, obtain photovoltaic energy storage system in battery energy storage rated power, battery energy storage rated capacity and
The charge-discharge electric power at each moment.
Photovoltaic energy storage system year investment cost CCapex-PVBSpecifically:
In formula,For battery energy storage rated capacity,For battery energy storage rated power,It is specified defeated for photovoltaic
Power out,For the capacity cost of investment of the every kWh of battery energy storage,For the power cost of investment of the every kW of battery energy storage,For the unit power cost of investment of photovoltaic.
Photovoltaic energy storage system annual operating cost COpex-PVBSpecifically:
In formula, PPV→load(d, t) is that t hours the d days photovoltaics supply the power of load, PPV→bess(d, t) is the d days the
The power that t hours photovoltaics charge the battery, PPV→grid(d, t) is the t hours the d days power that higher level's power grid is given outside photovoltaic,
PPV(d, t) is the generated output of photovoltaic,For t hours the d days charge powers,It is the d days
T hours discharge powers, CeIt (t) is the power grid electricity price of t moment,For the electricity price of pushing electric network outside photovoltaic power generation,
For the every kW subsidized price of photovoltaic power generation, 1≤d≤365,1≤t≤24.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that
The present invention provides quick one kind, the comprehensive, photovoltaic energy storage of scalability and the united capacity configuration of distributed energy
With running optimizatin method, connecting each other for load curve is influenced for energy storage and conversion equipment, establishes the complete of comprehensive energy net
System design and moving model, realize global optimization, according to the configuration knot of conversion equipment in distributed energy resource system (DER)
Fruit calculates influence of the deployment to net load change of DER equipment, on this basis, has studied photovoltaic energy storage system (PVB)
Design and operation, the owner for photovoltaic cell energy-storage system provide economic incentives.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart element of photovoltaic energy storage of the present invention and distributed energy united capacity configuration and running optimizatin method
Figure；
Fig. 2 is comprehensive energy net distributed energy resource system capacity configuration of the present invention and running optimizatin block diagram；
Fig. 3 is energy storage of the present invention and conversion equipment capacity configuration and running optimizatin block diagram；
Fig. 4 is electric power and heating demand rush day curve in embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the expense exploded view of energy transition equipment program results under three kinds of scenes in embodiment；
Fig. 6 is the day net load curve in embodiment every half an hour；
Fig. 7 is the Capacity design of battery energy storage and the relational graph of price under three kinds of scenes in embodiment；
Fig. 8 is the power balance figure in embodiment under three kinds of scenes every half an hour.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Note that the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings is said
Bright is substantial illustration, and the present invention is not intended to be applicable in it object or its purposes is defined, and the present invention does not limit
In the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of photovoltaic energy storage and the united capacity configuration of distributed energy and running optimizatin method, this method
Include the following steps:
(1) it acquires distributed energy resource system basic data and is accurate within 1 year the heating power and Power system load data song of hour
Line；
(2) according to distributed energy resource system basic data and heating power and Power system load data curve, the energy in a distributed manner
The minimum optimization aim of system year gross investment operating cost configures energy transition equipment capacity in distributed energy resource system；
(3) distributed energy resource system running optimizatin power curve is determined according to energy transition equipment capacity configuration result；
(4) electric power net load is determined according to Power system load data curve and distributed energy resource system running optimizatin power curve
Curve；
(5) photovoltaic energy storage system-based data are acquired；
(6) according to photovoltaic energy storage system-based data and electric power net load curve, with the year gross investment of photovoltaic energy storage system
The minimum optimization aim of operating cost is to battery energy storage rated power, battery energy storage rated capacity in photovoltaic energy storage system and fills
Electric discharge strategy optimizes configuration.
Specifically, in step (1) distributed energy resource system (DER) basic data include DER equipment (such as CHP, heat pump with
Boiler) cost of investment, service life, efficiency, fuel price, carbon intensity, carbon price, CHP Pool Purchase Price, rate of load condensate etc..Acquisition
Heating power and electric load rush day plot against time scale be hour or half an hour or 15 minutes or 5 minutes.
Step (2)~(3) realize capacity configuration and the running optimizatin of distributed energy resource system, and comprehensive energy net is distributed
Energy resource system capacity configuration and running optimizatin block diagram are as shown in Fig. 2, comprehensively consider cold heat/electricity/gas energy point in selected areas
Cloth situation and load prediction situation, with the minimum target of year gross investment operating cost in project period, Optimization Framework such as Fig. 2.It throws
Money cost is determined by total equipment investment depreciation to the year cost of investment in its runtime.Model is by minimizing total annual cost
To obtain the allocation optimum and operation of the energy transition equipment that multipotency cooperates with.The input of optimization problem be planning region in it is cold/
The parameters such as heat/electricity/gas net status parameter, Future New Energy Source and load power output export the capacity for energy transition equipment access, throw
The results such as money and operating cost.Optimized model is used to determine the Setup Type and capacity and operation reserve of energy transition equipment,
By the analysis of multipotency flow point being configured to the equality constraint of the flow-optimized model of multipotency, calling interior point method, multipotency is flow-optimized to be asked to solve
Topic.The a large amount of of energy transition equipment have an impact electric load curve using such as heat pump, CHP, air-conditioning and electric car, from
And it will affect the configuration operation of photovoltaic energy storage system.
Therefore, step (2) specifically:
(21) the integrated energy system conversion that model obtains multipotency collaboration by minimizing year gross investment operating cost is set
Standby optimum programming configuration, realizes that entirety energy resource system investment cost CAPEX and operating cost OPEX is minimum.The model optimization
The production and conversion of each network energy conversion equipment electric power and heating power, therefore establish distributed energy resource system optimization object function:
Min Ctotal-DER=LFn·CCapex-DER+COpex-DER,
Wherein, Ctotal-DERFor distributed energy resource system year gross investment operating cost, CCapex-DERFor distributed energy resource system
The middle initial total investment expenses of energy transition equipment, COpex-DERFor energy transition equipment annual operating cost in distributed energy resource system,
LFnFor recovery of the capital coefficient,D is discount rate, and n is the service life time limit of energy transition equipment；
The initial total investment expenses C of energy transition equipment in distributed energy resource systemCapex-DERSpecifically:
Wherein,For the initial outlay expense of conversion equipment i,The electricity that conversion equipment i is provided in load peak
Activity of force,For the heating power power that conversion equipment i is provided in load peak, ∨ indicates operator "or".
Energy transition equipment annual operating cost C in distributed energy resource systemOpex-DERSpecifically:
Wherein, CeFor power purchase price, PimportIt (t) is t-th hour superior power grid power purchase power in 1 year, CgFor combustion gas
Price, vgtotalIt (t) is t-th hour total gas consumption rate in 1 year, CcarbonFor carbon price, ξeIt is strong for electric power carbon emission
Degree, ξgFor natural gas carbon intensity, CO&MFor operation and maintenance cost, the hourage that T is 1 year, T=8760h.
Based on annual each hour load optimal operating cost in the present embodiment, then adds up and obtain annual operating cost, it should
It is too slow that class method calculates the time, therefore using year electric power and heating power peak load and introduces rate of load condensate.In this case, it counts
It calculates operating cost and peak load, rather than 8760 hours loads is used only.The method significantly reduces the complex nature of the problem
With the calculating time.If operation points are 8760 hours, runing time shortens 8760 times.Therefore equation is simplified as:
In formula,Systematic running cost when for peak load is used, ηlfFor rate of load condensate.
(22) distributed energy resource system constraint function, including equality constraints functions and inequality constraints function are established,
Wherein, equality constraints functions establish the separate mesh such as natural gas grid, heat supply network by the analogy with Power System Analysis
Network can flow analysis model.Electric power system tide calculates voltage, the power for analyzing each node of power circuit, to be supplied
The check of electric energy power, line loss analyzing etc..Hot-fluid calculate for analyzing heat-transfer medium temperature, flow, pressure, state change situation, from
And analyze heat-energy losses, flowing pressure loss.Airometer point counting is analysed flow of the combustion gas in transmission & distribution feed channel, pressure, state and is become
Change situation, to analyze gas flow pressure loss.Each network of integrated energy system can be flowed and energy transition equipment carries out
Joint modeling analysis considers the coupling member of the link such as cogeneration of heat and power CHP, heat pump, gas fired-boiler power network, heat supply network and fuel gas network
Part, wherein network coupling unit is characterized by multidirectional amount transfer efficiency matrix and permutation matrix.By transfer efficiency matrix,
Conversion equipment model (P, Φ, the v in multipotency stream joint equation are linkedq), realize the coupling of electricity/heat/gas network.Comprehensive energy
Systematic electricity, heating power, combustion gas are that integrated energy system combines equation with the constraint of the multipotency stream power equation of balancing the load.
Specifically, equality constraints functions are as follows:
In formula, PiFor the electric power active power of node i, ViFor the voltage of node i, VjFor the voltage of node j, NeFor electric power
System node number, GijFor the conductance of route ij, BijFor the susceptance of route ij, θijFor the phase difference of voltage of node i and j, QiFor
The electric power reactive power of node i, CpFor the specific heat capacity of water, AhFor heat supply network network associate matrix,For mass flow, TsTo supply
Coolant-temperature gage, ToFor leaving water temperature, Φ is the thermal power vector that each heating power node is consumed or provided, BhSquare is associated with for heat supply network loop
Battle array, KhFor the resistance coefficient of heat supply network pipeline, CsFor water supply network coefficient matrix, bsFor constant vector, CrFor return water net coefficient square
Battle array, TrFor return water temperature, brFor constant vector, AgFor fuel gas network network associate matrix, vgFor node air pressure, vqFor node combustion gas stream
Speed, BgFor fuel gas network loop incidence matrix, KgFor the resistance coefficient of fuel gas network pipeline, k is exponential constant；
Inequality constraints function includes:
(a) the bound constraint of energy transition equipment capacity:
In formula,For the electric power active power value that conversion equipment is provided in load peak,It is provided for conversion equipment
Electric power active power lower limit,For the upper limit for the electric power active power that conversion equipment provides,It is conversion equipment negative
The heating power power provided when lotus peak value,For the lower limit of heating power power,For the upper limit of heating power power；
(b) power network inequality constraints:
Vimin≤Vi≤Vimax, i=1 ..., Ne,
In formula, ViFor the voltage of node i, ViminFor the lower voltage limit of node i, VimaxFor the upper voltage limit of node i, NeFor
Interstitial content, PgeniIt is exported for the active power of i-th of generator,For the active power bottoming of i-th of generator,The upper limit, Q are exported for the active power of i-th of generatorgeniIt is exported for the reactive power of i-th of generator,It is i-th
The reactive power bottoming of a generator,The upper limit, N are exported for the reactive power of i-th of generatorgeFor the number of generator
Mesh, SkFor the electrical power of k-th of branch,For the electrical power lower limit of k-th of branch,In electrical power for k-th of branch
Limit, NleFor number of branches；
(c) heat supply network inequality constraints:
Ts_min≤Ts≤Ts_max,
Tr_min≤Tr≤Tr_max,
In formula,For each pipeline flow of heat supply network,For each pipeline flow lower limit of heat supply network,It is respectively managed for heat supply network
Road flow rate upper limit, TsFor each node supply water temperature of heat supply network, Ts_minFor each node supply water temperature lower limit of heat supply network, Ts_maxFor heating power
Net each node supply water temperature upper limit, TrFor each node return water temperature of heat supply network, Tr_minFor each node return water temperature lower limit of heat supply network,
Tr_maxFor each node return water temperature upper limit of heat supply network；
(d) fuel gas network inequality constraints:
pgmin≤pg≤pgmax,
vg_min≤vg≤vg_max,
In formula, pgFor each node gaseous-pressure of fuel gas network, pgminFor each node gaseous-pressure lower limit of fuel gas network, pgmaxFor combustion
Each node gaseous-pressure upper limit of gas net, vgFor the gas flow of each pipeline of fuel gas network, vg_minFor the combustion gas stream of each pipeline of fuel gas network
Measure lower limit, vg_maxFor the gas flow upper limit of each pipeline of fuel gas network；
(23) Optimization Solution obtains energy transition equipment capacity in distributed energy resource system.
On the basis of the above, step (3) determines that distributed energy resource system is transported according to energy transition equipment capacity configuration result
Row optimization power curve.
Electric power net load in step (4) electric power net load curve is that electric load subtracts distributed energy power output size.
Step (5) photovoltaic energy storage system-based data include the typical day curve of photovoltaic power generation, PVB cost of investment, the service life,
Efficiency, power grid tou power price, photovoltaic online electricity price, photovoltaic peak value and annual utilization hours.
After capacity configuration and the running optimizatin of completing above-mentioned distributed energy resource system, the capacity for carrying out photovoltaic energy storage system is matched
It sets and running optimizatin, Fig. 3 is energy storage of the present invention and conversion equipment capacity configuration and running optimizatin block diagram.
Specifically, step (6) realizes capacity configuration and the running optimizatin of photovoltaic energy storage system, mainly includes photovoltaic energy storage
The foundation of system optimization objective function and the foundation of photovoltaic energy storage system restriction function, before this, progress photovoltaic storage first
The power flow modeling of energy system.
Specifically, the power flow modeling of photovoltaic energy storage system are as follows:
The electric power P of photovoltaicPVP is directly dissolved by loadPV→loadOr with battery storage PPV→bessOr higher level's power grid is given outside
PPV→grid, meet equation:
PPV→load(d,t)+PPV→bess(d,t)+PPV→grid(d, t)=PPV(d, t),
PPV→load(d, t) is that t hours the d days photovoltaics supply the power of load, PPV→bess(d, t) is t hours the d days
The power that photovoltaic charges the battery, PPV→grid(d, t) is the t hours the d days power that higher level's power grid is given outside photovoltaic, PPV(d,
It t) is the generated output of photovoltaic, 1≤d≤365,1≤t≤24.
The power balance equation of load indicates that load power is equal to photovoltaic power generation, the electric power of energy storage charge and discharge and higher level's power grid
The sum of:
For t hours the d days charge powers,For t hours the d days electric discharge function
Rate；
It can obtain as a result:
Photovoltaic power stream depends on photovoltaic and load power relationship is as shown in table 1.
If (a) photovoltaic power is less than load, photovoltaic all supplies load.
If (b) photovoltaic power is greater than load, and redundance is less than energy storage charging limitation, then charging of the photovoltaic to battery
Power PPV→bessEqual to this remainder PPV-Pload, otherwise PPV→bessEqual to the maximum charge power of battery
If there are also residue P after (c) photovoltaic is charged the battery with maximum powerPV-Pload> PPV→bess, then photovoltaic sends higher level outside
The power P of power gridPV→gridFor the difference between the two, otherwise PPV→grid=0.
The relationship of 1 photovoltaic power of table output flow direction and load
Step (6) includes the following steps: as a result,
(61) photovoltaic energy storage system optimization objective function is established:
Min Ctotal-PVB=CCapex-PVB+COpex-PVB,
Wherein, Ctotal-PVBFor photovoltaic energy storage system year gross investment operating cost, CCapex-PVBFor the throwing of photovoltaic energy storage system year
Rate are used, COpex-PVBFor photovoltaic energy storage system annual operating cost；
(62) photovoltaic energy storage system restriction function is established, comprising:
(a) charge-discharge electric power constrains:
In formula,For t hours the d days charge powers,For t hours the d days put
Electrical power,For battery energy storage rated power, 1≤d≤365,1≤t≤24；
(b) energy balance constrains:
In formula, EBESS(d,t)EBESSIt (t) is the electricity of d days t moment battery energy storages, EBESS(d,t-1)EBESS(t-1)
For the electricity of the d days t-1 moment battery energy storages, ηcFor battery charge efficiency, ηdFor cell discharge efficiency, Δ t is time step
It is long；
(c) battery storage capacity constrains:
In formula, EBESS(d, t) is the electricity of d days t moment battery energy storages,For battery energy storage rated capacity,
SOCminFor the minimum value that battery energy storage remaining capacity and capacity ratio allow, SOCmaxFor battery energy storage remaining capacity and capacity ratio
It is worth the minimum value allowed；
(63) Optimization Solution, obtain photovoltaic energy storage system in battery energy storage rated power, battery energy storage rated capacity and
The charge-discharge electric power at each moment.
Photovoltaic energy storage system year investment cost CCapex-PVBSpecifically:
In formula,For battery energy storage rated capacity,For battery energy storage rated power,It is specified defeated for photovoltaic
Power out,For the capacity cost of investment of the every kWh of battery energy storage,For the power cost of investment of the every kW of battery energy storage,For the unit power cost of investment of photovoltaic.
Photovoltaic energy storage system annual operating cost COpex-PVBSpecifically:
In formula, PPV→load(d, t) is that t hours the d days photovoltaics supply the power of load, PPV→bess(d, t) is the d days the
The power that t hours photovoltaics charge the battery, PPV→grid(d, t) is the t hours the d days power that higher level's power grid is given outside photovoltaic,
PPV(d, t) is the generated output of photovoltaic,For t hours the d days charge powers,It is the d days
T hours discharge powers, CeIt (t) is the power grid electricity price of t moment,For the electricity price of pushing electric network outside photovoltaic power generation,
For the every kW subsidized price of photovoltaic power generation, 1≤d≤365,1≤t≤24.
The capacity configuration and running optimizatin for completing above-mentioned photovoltaic energy storage system can get PVB internal system earning rate IRR, light
Consumption rate SCR and load degree of self-sufficiency SSR is lied prostrate, the economic benefit of photovoltaic system depends on the local consumption of photovoltaic rather than gives outside
The income of grade power grid.Battery energy storage increases the matching between photovoltaic and load, improves photovoltaic consumption rate (self-
Consumption ratio, SCR) and the load degree of self-sufficiency (self-sufficiency ratio, SSR).
Photovoltaic consumption rate SCR is defined as the electricity E that photovoltaic is locally dissolvedPV,usedThe total electricity E issued with photovoltaicPV,gen
The ratio between:
The degree of self-sufficiency SSR of load is defined as the electricity E that photovoltaic is locally dissolvedPV,usedWith the total electricity E of load consumptionload
The ratio between:
The present embodiment use Univ Manchester UK campus data, include 6.6kV power distribution network, heat supply network and fuel gas network,
Oxford road east area A is using fuel gas network, and Oxford road west region B is using steam heat supply network.Heating power and power load
The rush day curve of lotus is as shown in Figure 4.The energy transition equipment configuration of three kinds of energy supply scenes is as shown in table 2:
The energy transition equipment of 2 three kinds of energy supply scenes of table configures
Energy prices, carbon intensity and carbon emission price are as shown in table 3:
3 energy prices of table, carbon intensity and carbon emission price
The parameter of energy transition equipment and price are as shown in table 4:
The parameter and price of 4 energy transition equipment of table
The factor for influencing photovoltaic energy storage system economy is as shown in table 5, and power grid peak-valley difference electricity price is higher, photovoltaic online electricity price
Lower, then energy storage benefit is better
The factor of the influence photovoltaic energy storage system economy of table 5
The solution of optimization problem is accelerated by introducing rate of load condensate and parallel computation in objective function, the calculating time is less than
1 minute.The planned capacity of energy transition equipment and expense are decomposed as shown in figure 5, Fig. 5 (a) is the energy in 2016 in three kinds of scenes
The planned capacity and expense exploded view of conversion equipment, Fig. 5 (b) are the planned capacity and expense point of the year two thousand thirty energy transition equipment
Solution.Program results have quantified the influence that energy prices and carbon price plan energy transition equipment.Carbon is not considered in objective function
In the case where price, CHP scene 2 is more advantageous than other options.If objective function considers carbon price, with financial number in 2016
According to scene 2 still has advantage.It is obviously reduced and carbon rise in price, the choosing of heat pump scene 3 however as the year two thousand thirty power grid carbon intensity
Item occupies advantage.The result shows that the total cost ratio CHP of heat pump is low when power grid carbon intensity is down to 130gCO2/kW or less.
Planned capacity based on boiler, CHP and heat pump carries out the running simulation of load peak day, obtains net load curve such as
Shown in Fig. 6.Net load refers to that former load adds the electric power of heat pump consumption or subtracts the electric power of CHP sending herein.
In 3 in scene battery energy storage the relationship for distributing capacity and price rationally as shown in fig. 7, Fig. 7 (a), Fig. 7 (b) and
Fig. 7 (c) is corresponding in turn to scene 1, scene 2 and scene 3.
When battery energy storage price drops below 150 $/kWh, battery energy storage installed capacity is significantly increased, photovoltaic energy storage system
The income of system greatlys improve.
In CHP scene, photovoltaic consumption rate SCR=0.34 is very low, and load degree of self-sufficiency SSR is very high；In heat pump scene just
Well on the contrary, SCR=0.99~1.
The more high then photovoltaic energy storage internal system earning rate (internal return rate, IRR) of photovoltaic consumption rate is higher.
In CHP scene, higher level's power grid is given outside most photovoltaic, therefore the IRR of photovoltaic energy storage system is very low.
The income of photovoltaic → energy storage (P_ (PV → bess)) from: 1 store extra photovoltaic electric power when power grid electricity price with
Photovoltaic sends the difference of electricity price outside, 2 power grid electricity prices when storing extra photovoltaic electric power and power grid electricity price when discharging this some electrical power it
Difference.In two-part tou power price, because not having by the electric power of stored energy transfer photovoltaic, electricity price is poor, and photovoltaic → energy storage income is come
From the difference for sending electricity price outside in power grid electricity price and photovoltaic, therefore photovoltaic consumption rate SCR is directly proportional to system benefit.The use of heat pump increases
Add electric load, therefore will increase photovoltaic consumption rate SCR to improve the income of photovoltaic energy storage system.In three-stage timesharing electricity
In valence, the receipts for storing this part photovoltaic electric power and discharging in dusk peak valence are likely less than by the photovoltaic electric power income that heat pump dissolves
Benefit, therefore the use of heat pump can not necessarily improve the income of photovoltaic energy storage system.
With 96 $ of battery price/kWh in 2025 of prediction, every power balance such as Fig. 8 institute of half an hour under 3 kinds of scenes
Show, Fig. 8 (a), Fig. 8 (b) and Fig. 8 (c) are corresponding in turn to scene 1, scene 2 and scene 3.Histogram shows photovoltaic, battery charge and discharge
Electricity, higher level's power grid, CHP and heat pump power balance.It can be seen that when the operation reserve of battery energy storage is electric-net valley valence and with extra
It charges when photovoltaic, power grid peak valence does not have to discharge when photovoltaic with the dusk.
In baseline situation 1, daytime, extra photovoltaic electric power gave battery energy storage charging, and dusk when is discharged.
In CHP scene 2, daytime largely gives higher level's power grid outside extra photovoltaic electric power, because of the electric power of dusk load
It is supplied by CHP.
In heat pump scene 3, daytime, largely extra photovoltaic electric power was consumed by heat pump, and battery energy storage mainly utilizes midnight paddy
Valence charging.
The energy storage arbitrage of scene 1 mostlys come from power grid electricity price and photovoltaic sends the difference of electricity price outside.The arbitrage of scene 3 mainly comes
From in the peak-valley difference of power grid electricity price.
Above embodiment is only to enumerate, and does not indicate limiting the scope of the invention.These embodiments can also be with other
Various modes are implemented, and can make in the range of not departing from technical thought of the invention it is various omit, displacement, change.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of photovoltaic energy storage and the united capacity configuration of distributed energy and running optimizatin method, which is characterized in that this method
Include the following steps:
(1) it acquires distributed energy resource system basic data and is accurate within 1 year the heating power and Power system load data curve of hour；
(2) according to distributed energy resource system basic data and heating power and Power system load data curve, energy resource system in a distributed manner
Year minimum optimization aim of gross investment operating cost configures energy transition equipment capacity in distributed energy resource system；
(3) distributed energy resource system running optimizatin power curve is determined according to energy transition equipment capacity configuration result；
(4) determine that electric power net load is bent according to Power system load data curve and distributed energy resource system running optimizatin power curve
Line；
(5) photovoltaic energy storage system-based data are acquired；
(6) it according to photovoltaic energy storage system-based data and electric power net load curve, is run with the year gross investment of photovoltaic energy storage system
Cost minimization is optimization aim to battery energy storage rated power, battery energy storage rated capacity and charge and discharge in photovoltaic energy storage system
Strategy optimizes configuration.
2. a kind of photovoltaic energy storage according to claim 1 and the united capacity configuration of distributed energy and running optimizatin side
Method, which is characterized in that step (2) specifically:
(21) distributed energy resource system optimization object function is established:
Min Ctotal-DER=LFn·CCapex-DER+COpex-DER,
Wherein, Ctotal-DERFor distributed energy resource system year gross investment operating cost, CCapex-DERFor energy in distributed energy resource system
The initial total investment expenses of source conversion equipment, COpex-DERFor energy transition equipment annual operating cost, LF in distributed energy resource systemnFor
Recovery of the capital coefficient,D is discount rate, and n is the service life time limit of energy transition equipment；
(22) distributed energy resource system constraint function, including equality constraints functions and inequality constraints function are established, wherein equation
Constraint function are as follows:
In formula, PiFor the electric power active power of node i, ViFor the voltage of node i, VjFor the voltage of node j, NeFor electric system section
Point number, GijFor the conductance of route ij, BijFor the susceptance of route ij, θijFor the phase difference of voltage of node i and j, QiFor node i
Electric power reactive power, CpFor the specific heat capacity of water, AhFor heat supply network network associate matrix,For mass flow, TsFor for water temperature
Degree, ToFor leaving water temperature, Φ is the thermal power vector that each heating power node is consumed or provided, BhFor heat supply network loop incidence matrix, Kh
For the resistance coefficient of heat supply network pipeline, CsFor water supply network coefficient matrix, bsFor constant vector, CrFor return water net coefficient matrix, TrFor
Return water temperature, brFor constant vector, AgFor fuel gas network network associate matrix, vgFor node air pressure, vqFor node gas flow rate, BgFor
Fuel gas network loop incidence matrix, KgFor the resistance coefficient of fuel gas network pipeline, k is exponential constant；
Inequality constraints function includes:
(a) the bound constraint of energy transition equipment capacity:
In formula,For the electric power active power value that conversion equipment is provided in load peak,The electricity provided for conversion equipment
The lower limit of power active power,For the upper limit for the electric power active power that conversion equipment provides,It is conversion equipment at load peak
The heating power power provided when value,For the lower limit of heating power power,For the upper limit of heating power power；
(b) power network inequality constraints:
Vimin≤Vi≤Vimax, i=1 ..., Ne,
In formula, ViFor the voltage of node i, ViminFor the lower voltage limit of node i, VimaxFor the upper voltage limit of node i, NeFor number of nodes
Mesh, PgeniIt is exported for the active power of i-th of generator,For the active power bottoming of i-th of generator,For
The active power of i-th of generator exports the upper limit, QgeniIt is exported for the reactive power of i-th of generator,It generates electricity for i-th
The reactive power bottoming of machine,The upper limit, N are exported for the reactive power of i-th of generatorgeFor the number of generator, Sk
For the electrical power of k-th of branch,For the electrical power lower limit of k-th of branch,For the electrical power upper limit of k-th of branch, Nle
For number of branches；
(c) heat supply network inequality constraints:
Ts_min≤Ts≤Ts_max,
Tr_min≤Tr≤Tr_max,
In formula,For each pipeline flow of heat supply network,For each pipeline flow lower limit of heat supply network,For each pipeline flow of heat supply network
The upper limit, TsFor each node supply water temperature of heat supply network, Ts_minFor each node supply water temperature lower limit of heat supply network, Ts_maxIt is respectively saved for heat supply network
The point supply water temperature upper limit, TrFor each node return water temperature of heat supply network, Tr_minFor each node return water temperature lower limit of heat supply network, Tr_maxFor
Each node return water temperature upper limit of heat supply network；
(d) fuel gas network inequality constraints:
pgmin≤pg≤pgmax,
vg_min≤vg≤vg_max,
In formula, pgFor each node gaseous-pressure of fuel gas network, pgminFor each node gaseous-pressure lower limit of fuel gas network, pgmaxFor fuel gas network
Each node gaseous-pressure upper limit, vgFor the gas flow of each pipeline of fuel gas network, vg_minUnder gas flow for each pipeline of fuel gas network
Limit, vg_maxFor the gas flow upper limit of each pipeline of fuel gas network；
(23) Optimization Solution obtains energy transition equipment capacity in distributed energy resource system.
3. a kind of photovoltaic energy storage according to claim 2 and the united capacity configuration of distributed energy and running optimizatin side
Method, which is characterized in that the initial total investment expenses C of energy transition equipment in distributed energy resource systemCapex-DERSpecifically:
Wherein,For the initial outlay expense of conversion equipment i,The electric power function that conversion equipment i is provided in load peak
Rate,For the heating power power that conversion equipment i is provided in load peak, ∨ indicates operator "or".
4. a kind of photovoltaic energy storage according to claim 2 and the united capacity configuration of distributed energy and running optimizatin side
Method, which is characterized in that energy transition equipment annual operating cost C in distributed energy resource systemOpex-DERSpecifically:
Wherein, CeFor power purchase price, PimportIt (t) is t-th hour superior power grid power purchase power in 1 year, CgFor combustion gas valence
Lattice, vgtotalIt (t) is t-th hour total gas consumption rate in 1 year, CcarbonFor carbon price, ξeIt is strong for electric power carbon emission
Degree, ξgFor natural gas carbon intensity, CO&MFor operation and maintenance cost, the hourage that T is 1 year.
5. a kind of photovoltaic energy storage according to claim 1 and the united capacity configuration of distributed energy and running optimizatin side
Method, which is characterized in that step (6) specifically:
(61) photovoltaic energy storage system optimization objective function is established:
Min Ctotal-PVB=CCapex-PVB+COpex-PVB,
Wherein, Ctotal-PVBFor photovoltaic energy storage system year gross investment operating cost, CCapex-PVBFor photovoltaic energy storage system year capital cost
With COpex-PVBFor photovoltaic energy storage system annual operating cost；
(62) photovoltaic energy storage system restriction function is established, comprising:
(a) charge-discharge electric power constrains:
In formula,For t hours the d days charge powers,For t hours the d days electric discharge function
Rate,For battery energy storage rated power, 1≤d≤365,1≤t≤24；
(b) energy balance constrains:
In formula, EBESS(d,t)EBESSIt (t) is the electricity of d days t moment battery energy storages, EBESS(d,t-1)EBESSIt (t-1) is d
The electricity of its t-1 moment battery energy storage, ηcFor battery charge efficiency, ηdFor cell discharge efficiency, Δ t is time step；
(c) battery storage capacity constrains:
In formula, EBESS(d, t) is the electricity of d days t moment battery energy storages,For battery energy storage rated capacity, SOCminFor
The minimum value that battery energy storage remaining capacity and capacity ratio allow, SOCmaxAllow for battery energy storage remaining capacity and capacity ratio
Minimum value；
(63) Optimization Solution, obtain photovoltaic energy storage system in battery energy storage rated power, battery energy storage rated capacity and it is each when
The charge-discharge electric power at quarter.
6. a kind of photovoltaic energy storage according to claim 5 and the united capacity configuration of distributed energy and running optimizatin side
Method, which is characterized in that photovoltaic energy storage system year investment cost CCapex-PVBSpecifically:
In formula,For battery energy storage rated capacity,For battery energy storage rated power,For photovoltaic rated output function
Rate,For the capacity cost of investment of the every kWh of battery energy storage,For the power cost of investment of the every kW of battery energy storage,For
The unit power cost of investment of photovoltaic.
7. a kind of photovoltaic energy storage according to claim 5 and the united capacity configuration of distributed energy and running optimizatin side
Method, which is characterized in that photovoltaic energy storage system annual operating cost COpex-PVBSpecifically:
In formula, PPV→load(d, t) is that t hours the d days photovoltaics supply the power of load, PPV→bess(d, t) is that the d days t are small
The power that Shi Guangfu charges the battery, PPV→grid(d, t) is the t hours the d days power that higher level's power grid is given outside photovoltaic, PPV
(d, t) is the generated output of photovoltaic,For t hours the d days charge powers,For the d days t
The discharge power of hour, CeIt (t) is the power grid electricity price of t moment,For the electricity price of pushing electric network outside photovoltaic power generation,For light
The every kW subsidized price of volt power generation, 1≤d≤365,1≤t≤24.
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