CN109524191B - 一种高性能铁镍软磁合金 - Google Patents

一种高性能铁镍软磁合金 Download PDF

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CN109524191B
CN109524191B CN201910030844.3A CN201910030844A CN109524191B CN 109524191 B CN109524191 B CN 109524191B CN 201910030844 A CN201910030844 A CN 201910030844A CN 109524191 B CN109524191 B CN 109524191B
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alloy
nickel
soft magnetic
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iron
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CN109524191A (zh
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杨帆
徐明舟
安杨
张�荣
柳海波
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Beijing Beiye Functional Materials Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/14708—Fe-Ni based alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/023—Alloys based on nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种高性能铁镍软磁合金，属于软磁合金技术领域。合金化学成分及质量百分比为：镍：74.50‑78.50％；锰：0.40‑1.20％；硅：0.15‑0.25％；碳：＜0.01％，其余为铁以及不可避免的杂质。成品热处理是在H2气氛下进行热处理。优点在于，高性能铁镍软磁合金具有较高的饱和磁感应强度Bs以及低的矫顽力Hc，可保证电磁器件在更宽的频率范围内具有更快的响应速度，使其满足电磁器件在复杂电磁环境下使用需求。成本低廉，适合工业化生产。

Description

一种高性能铁镍软磁合金
技术领域
本发明属于软磁合金技术领域，特别涉及一种高性能铁镍软磁合金。
背景技术
随着信息化程度不断提高，电磁环境日趋复杂化，某些在特定领域应用的电磁器件设计指标要求不断提高，这对应用在电磁器件上的软磁合金性能提出了更高的要求，如具有更高的饱和磁感应强度Bs，以保证电磁器件满足更高频率电磁波环境下的使用需求，同时合金应具有低的矫顽力Hc，以提高电磁器件在复杂电磁环境下的工作灵敏度。
铁镍软磁合金因具有高的初始磁导率μ0、低的矫顽力Hc以及良好的加工性能等特性，已被广泛应用到很多电磁器件设备中。传统的铁镍软磁合金中，中镍软磁合金包括如国内1J46和1J50合金、俄罗斯45H合金等，高镍软磁合金包括如国内1J79和1J85合金、俄罗斯78H合金、日本PC80合金以及德国VAC公司的vacoperm/cryoperm合金等，以上合金饱和磁感应强度Bs和矫顽力Hc详见表1。
表1铁镍软磁合金磁性能
合金 Bs(T) Hc(A/m)
1J46 1.50 8.48
1J50 1.50 6.50
45H 1.60 23.9
1J79 0.79 0.85
1J85 0.74 0.58
78H 1.08 3.07
PC80 0.74 0.25
vacoperm 0.97 2.5
cryoperm 0.90 2.0
由表1可知，中镍软磁合金尽管具有较高的饱和磁感应强度Bs(Bs≥1.50T)，但其矫顽力Hc高(Hc＞6.0A/m)，损耗过大，易导致电磁器件反应灵敏度降低，磁性能下降。高镍软磁合金虽具有较低的矫顽力Hc(Hc＜4.0A/m)，但饱和磁感应强度Bs偏低(Bs＜1.10T)，合金在特定使用环境下易达到饱和，使其使用受到限制。因此针对目前存在的问题，开发一种饱和磁感应强度Bs≥1.10T，矫顽力Hc≤2.0A/m的高性能铁镍软磁合金，可保证电磁器件在更宽的频率范围内具有更快的响应速度，使其满足电磁器件在复杂电磁环境下使用需求，同时丰富现有高镍软磁合金系列。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高性能铁镍软磁合金，解决了电磁器件在更宽的频率范围内具有更快的响应速度的问题。使其满足电磁器件在复杂电磁环境下使用需求，同时对现有高镍软磁合金系列进行完善。
一种高性能铁镍软磁合金，合金化学成分及质量百分比为：镍：74.50-78.50％；锰：0.40-1.20％；硅：0.15-0.25％；碳：＜0.01％，其余为铁以及不可避免的杂质。以铁镍为基本化学成分，合理控制镍元素含量，使合金具有较高的饱和磁感应强度Bs，同时通过适量添加锰和硅元素，调整合金磁致伸缩系数和磁晶各向异性常数，使合金热处理后可获得低的矫顽力Hc。
上述合金元素对本发明合金的影响作用：
镍：提高合金初始磁导率μ0，降低矫顽力Hc，但镍含量过低易导致矫顽力Hc升高，镍含量过高易导致饱和磁感应强度Bs降低，因此镍含量优选74.50-78.50％；
锰：调整合金磁晶各向异性常数和磁致伸缩系数，使合金磁晶各向异性常数和磁滞伸缩系数趋近于零，有助于降低合金矫顽力Hc；
硅：提高合金电阻率，降低其涡流损耗；
碳：含量控制在0.01％以下。碳元素是形成间隙固溶体的元素，间隙原子将造成畴壁位移阻力，对合金的磁性能产生不利影响；
上述合金的制备方法，具体步骤及参数如下：
1、采用真空感应炉冶炼合金，并通过常规加工方式加工至成品；
2、合金化学成分及质量百分比为：镍：74.50-78.50％；锰：0.40-1.20％；硅：0.15-0.25％；碳：＜0.01％，其余为铁以及不可避免的杂质；
3、合金锭经锻造而获得锻材成品；
4、成品热处理：在H2气氛下进行热处理。
通过以上方法制备的合金性能为：饱和磁感应强度Bs≥1.10T、矫顽力Hc≤2.0A/m。
本发明的优点在于：本发明高性能铁镍软磁合金具有较高的饱和磁感应强度Bs以及低的矫顽力Hc，可保证电磁器件在更宽的频率范围内具有更快的响应速度，使其满足电磁器件在复杂电磁环境下使用需求。本发明高性能铁镍软磁合金加工性能良好，加工工艺和热处理工艺简单，成本低廉，适合工业化生产。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种高性能铁镍软磁合金，其合金化学成分及质量百分比：镍：78.50％；锰：1.20％；硅：0.15％；碳：＜0.01％，其余为铁以及不可避免的夹杂物。采用真空感应炉冶炼，经常规加工至成品，成品在H2气氛下进行热处理，得到的成品合金磁性能为：
Bs＝1.10T；Hc≤1.0A/m。
实施例2
一种高性能铁镍软磁合金，其合金化学成分及质量百分比：镍：76.50％；锰：0.80％；硅：0.25％；碳：＜0.01％，其余为铁以及不可避免的夹杂物。采用真空感应炉冶炼，经常规加工至成品，成品在H2气氛下进行热处理，得到的成品合金磁性能为：
Bs＝1.15T；Hc≤1.5A/m。
实施例3
一种高性能铁镍软磁合金，其合金化学成分及质量百分比：镍：74.50％；锰：0.40％；硅：0.25％；碳：＜0.01％，其余为铁以及不可避免的夹杂物。采用真空感应炉冶炼，经常规加工至成品，成品在H2气氛下进行热处理，得到的成品合金磁性能为：
Bs＝1.20T；Hc≤2.0A/m。

Claims (1)

1.一种高性能铁镍软磁合金，其特征在于，合金化学成分及质量百分比为：镍：74.50-78.50％；锰：0.40-1.20％；硅：0.15-0.25％；碳：＜0.01％，其余为铁以及不可避免的杂质；
所述合金的制备方法如下：
1)采用真空感应炉冶炼合金，并通过常规加工方式加工至成品；
2)合金化学成分及质量百分比为：镍：74.50-78.50％；锰：0.40-1.20％；硅：0.15-0.25％；碳：＜0.01％，其余为铁以及不可避免的杂质；
3)合金锭经锻造而获得锻材成品；
4)成品热处理：在H2气氛下进行热处理；
所述合金性能为：饱和磁感应强度Bs≥1.10T、矫顽力Hc≤2.0A/m。
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CN113265565B (zh) * 2021-05-14 2022-07-22 北京北冶功能材料有限公司 一种高磁导率高磁感的铁镍软磁合金及其制备方法

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JPH03122236A (ja) * 1989-10-06 1991-05-24 Nkk Corp Ｎｉ―Ｆｅ系高透磁率磁性合金
JPH07188817A (ja) * 1993-12-27 1995-07-25 Nkk Corp 磁気特性および製造性に優れたＮｉ−Ｆｅ系磁性合金およびその製造方法
EP1283275A1 (en) * 2000-09-29 2003-02-12 Nippon Yakin kogyo Co., Ltd. Fe-Ni based permalloy and method of producing the same and cast slab
CN1610761A (zh) * 2001-12-27 2005-04-27 川铁矿业株式会社 Ni－Fe基合金粉末
JP2007146208A (ja) * 2005-11-25 2007-06-14 Hitachi Metals Ltd Ｆｅ−Ｎｉ系合金板及びＦｅ−Ｎｉ系合金板の製造方法
CN102723158A (zh) * 2012-07-06 2012-10-10 白皞 含稀土的高磁导率Ni-Fe软磁合金及其制备方法和用途
CN106205930A (zh) * 2016-08-19 2016-12-07 横店集团东磁股份有限公司 一种铁镍钼金属磁粉芯制备方法

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03122236A (ja) * 1989-10-06 1991-05-24 Nkk Corp Ｎｉ―Ｆｅ系高透磁率磁性合金
JPH07188817A (ja) * 1993-12-27 1995-07-25 Nkk Corp 磁気特性および製造性に優れたＮｉ−Ｆｅ系磁性合金およびその製造方法
EP1283275A1 (en) * 2000-09-29 2003-02-12 Nippon Yakin kogyo Co., Ltd. Fe-Ni based permalloy and method of producing the same and cast slab
CN1610761A (zh) * 2001-12-27 2005-04-27 川铁矿业株式会社 Ni－Fe基合金粉末
JP2007146208A (ja) * 2005-11-25 2007-06-14 Hitachi Metals Ltd Ｆｅ−Ｎｉ系合金板及びＦｅ−Ｎｉ系合金板の製造方法
CN102723158A (zh) * 2012-07-06 2012-10-10 白皞 含稀土的高磁导率Ni-Fe软磁合金及其制备方法和用途
CN106205930A (zh) * 2016-08-19 2016-12-07 横店集团东磁股份有限公司 一种铁镍钼金属磁粉芯制备方法

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