CN109517419B - Moisture-proof anti-cracking putty powder containing modified calcium sulfate whiskers - Google Patents

Moisture-proof anti-cracking putty powder containing modified calcium sulfate whiskers Download PDF

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CN109517419B
CN109517419B CN201811364740.8A CN201811364740A CN109517419B CN 109517419 B CN109517419 B CN 109517419B CN 201811364740 A CN201811364740 A CN 201811364740A CN 109517419 B CN109517419 B CN 109517419B
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silica sol
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CN109517419A (en
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张增阳
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Liaoning Hengzhi Technology Development Co.,Ltd.
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    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/34Filling pastes

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Abstract

A moisture-proof anti-cracking putty powder containing modified calcium sulfate whiskers belongs to the field of building materials and is prepared from calcium lime, heavy calcium carbonate, cement, anti-cracking fibers and a bonding reinforcing agent, wherein the anti-cracking fibers are prepared by mixing polypropylene fibers, polypropylene short fibers, lignocellulose and modified starch. The formula of the putty powder contains the anti-cracking fibers and the bonding reinforcing agent which are special components, so that the bonding strength among the components in the putty powder is obviously improved, the moisture-proof and crack-resistant properties of the putty powder are greatly enhanced, the water-resistant property and the hardness of the putty powder can also be improved, the modified starch contained in the anti-cracking fibers can be more uniformly dispersed and distributed on the surfaces of the polypropylene fibers and the polypropylene short fibers and further bonded with the lignocellulose, the bonding strength and the water-resistant property among the components in the putty powder are greatly enhanced, and the anti-cracking property and the moisture-resistant property are improved.

Description

Moisture-proof anti-cracking putty powder containing modified calcium sulfate whiskers
The patent application of the invention is a divisional application with application number of 2017102604029, the original application date is 2017, 4 and 13, and the application numbers are as follows: 2017102604029, the name of invention creation is: a moisture-proof anti-cracking putty powder.
Technical Field
The invention relates to putty powder used in the field of building materials, in particular to moistureproof anti-cracking putty powder containing modified calcium sulfate whiskers.
Background
The putty powder is one kind of building decoration material, is one kind of base material for wall surface repairing and leveling, and lays a good foundation for the next step of decoration (painting and wallpaper pasting). The putty is divided into an inner wall and an outer wall, and the putty for the outer wall has large adhesiveness, high strength and slightly low environmental protection index because the putty for the outer wall resists wind, wind and sun. The interior wall putty has better comprehensive index, is healthy and environment-friendly, so the interior wall is not externally used, and the exterior wall is not internally used. Typically, the putty is gypsum or cement based so that the surface roughness is easier to bond firmly. However, during construction, a layer of interface agent is coated on the base layer to seal the base layer and improve the adhesion of the wall surface, so that the putty can be better bonded on the base surface. The crack resistance of the base layer is an evaluation index of the putty powder, the material is required to have certain elasticity or plasticity, when microcracks occur on the base layer, the material is elastically and plastically deformed under the action of external force so that cracks do not occur on the surface, the main components of the existing putty powder, such as heavy calcium carbonate (or talcum powder), gray calcium and the like, are not ideal in crack resistance due to the problems of the formula, and in order to enhance the crack resistance of the putty powder in the prior art, the dosage of adhesives, such as cement, rubber powder and the like, is generally increased, but the effect is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the moisture-proof crack-resistant putty powder containing the modified calcium sulfate whiskers, and the bonding strength among all components in the putty powder is obviously improved through crack-resistant fibers and a bonding reinforcing agent in the putty powder, so that the moisture-proof crack resistance of the putty powder is greatly enhanced, and the water resistance and the hardness of the putty powder can be improved; meanwhile, volatile toxic substances such as formaldehyde and the like are not contained, so that a good environment-friendly effect is achieved; after the putty powder is constructed on a wall matrix, superfine minerals in the putty powder can directly permeate into a base plane to generate a molecular-level chain crystallization reaction with a base material, and the base material and superfine particles in the putty powder form a firm and stable whole through molecular chains after the crystallization reaction, so that a breathable, fireproof, dampproof and anticorrosion putty layer is formed.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the technical purpose is as follows: a moisture-proof anti-cracking putty powder containing modified calcium sulfate whiskers is prepared by mixing 46-50 parts of ash calcium, 28-36 parts of heavy calcium, 12-16 parts of cement, 7-9 parts of anti-cracking fibers and 8-12 parts of a bonding reinforcing agent according to a weight ratio, wherein the anti-cracking fibers are prepared by adding polypropylene fibers, polypropylene short fibers, lignocellulose and modified starch in a weight ratio of 3-5:8-10:3-4:5-7, uniformly mixing, adding 8-10% of tin coupling agent by weight of starch into water, adjusting the pH value to 4-5 by using sulfuric acid, adding 1-3% of eucommia ulmoides extract by weight of starch into the mixture, adjusting the temperature to 60-65 ℃ after uniformly mixing, and keeping the temperature for 2-3 hours, finally, stearic acid with the weight of 4-5 percent of that of the starch is added into the starch, and the mixture is evenly stirred and dried to constant weight under the condition of 100 ℃ and 110 ℃, thus obtaining the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by evaporating filtrate obtained by filtering solid residues after the eucommia ulmoides leaves are boiled in water for 20-30 min;
the bonding reinforcing agent is prepared by mixing sepiolite wool powder, zeolite powder, modified nano silicon dioxide, polyethylene glycol, composite epoxy resin, putty glue powder and water according to the weight ratio of 5-6:8-10:5-7:16-18:3-4:8-10:55-60, and then evaporating the liquid to dryness at the temperature of 100-; wherein, the modified nano-silica is obtained by mixing commercially available nano-silica with 3-4% of surface treating agent by weight, and the surface treating agent is prepared by mixing benzoic acid, acetone and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 2-3:1-2: 35;
according to the weight ratio, the composite epoxy resin is prepared from 4 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 0.5 part of butylene epoxy resin, 0.5 part of glycerin epoxy resin, 2 parts of diisocyanate and 2 parts of modified silica sol, wherein the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding 2-3% of silica sol by weight, 0.8-1% of sodium acetate by weight and 3-4% of KH560 by weight into commercially available silica sol, and then stirring for 1-2h at 70-80 ℃; the sepiolite fine hair powder and the zeolite powder are modified before use, so that the sepiolite fine hair powder, the zeolite powder and the modified nano-silica are better combined; the modification treatment of the sepiolite fine hair powder and the zeolite powder comprises the following steps: mixing commercially available sepiolite villi powder and zeolite powder with methyl methacrylate 3 wt% and KH560 5 wt% respectively, and treating with ultrasonic wave at 200-240kHz for 2-3 min;
the bonding reinforcing agent also contains modified calcium sulfate whiskers accounting for 4-5% of the weight of sepiolite fluff powder, the modified calcium sulfate whiskers are obtained by mixing commercially available calcium sulfate whiskers with a surface treating agent accounting for 3-4% of the weight of the calcium sulfate whiskers, and the surface treating agent is prepared by mixing benzoic acid, acetone and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 2-3:1-2: 35.
The preparation method of the composite epoxy resin comprises the following steps:
1) preparing modified silica sol for later use;
the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding silica micropowder 2-3% of the weight of silica sol, sodium acetate 0.8-1% of the weight of silica sol and KH560 3-4% of the weight of silica sol into commercially available silica sol, and then stirring at 70-80 ℃ for 1-2 h;
2) weighing the components according to the proportion, melting the bisphenol A epoxy resin, sequentially adding the weighed butylene epoxy resin, the glycerol epoxy resin and the diisocyanate, stirring until the materials are completely melted, cooling to 60-70 ℃, adding the modified silica sol prepared in the step 1), and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite epoxy resin.
When the eucommia ulmoides extract is prepared, firstly, the eucommia ulmoides leaves are treated as follows:
1) cleaning folium Eucommiae with water, soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution for 2h, taking out, soaking in 35% sodium hydroxide solution for 20min, taking out, and washing with clear water;
wherein, after the eucommia leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, the solution is subjected to microwave treatment with the power of 400W for 2 min;
2) soaking the eucommia ulmoides leaves washed clean by the clean water in the step 1) in clean water with the weight 3-5 times of that of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, then adding cellulase with the weight 1% of that of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, standing for 3-4 hours, fishing out the eucommia ulmoides leaves, and then cleaning the eucommia ulmoides leaves by the clean water to finish the treatment of the eucommia ulmoides leaves.
The preparation method of the bonding reinforcing agent comprises the steps of mixing the polyethylene glycol with the sepiolite velvet powder and the zeolite powder, heating to 80-90 ℃, adding the rest components after the polyethylene glycol is completely melted, and uniformly mixing.
The putty glue powder used by the invention is preferably hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose type putty glue powder.
According to the invention, the pig manure extract is prepared by taking pig manure as a raw material, mixing the pig manure with water, adding diethylhydroxylamine, and boiling under the condition of air isolation, wherein the diethylhydroxylamine can effectively eliminate odor in the pig manure while consuming dissolved oxygen in the water, and can retain organic oil contained in the pig manure after filtering, so that the pig manure extract is concentrated, and can be mixed with modified starch after being added into putty powder, thereby forming an organic bonding system in which the organic oil and the modified starch coexist, ensuring the bonding strength of each component, and further improving the strength and the waterproof performance of the putty powder;
the anti-cracking fiber is formed by mixing the polypropylene fiber, the polypropylene short fiber, the lignocellulose and the modified starch, wherein the modified starch is obtained by adding the eucommia ulmoides extract when the starch is modified, the eucommia ulmoides extract contains eucommia ulmoides glycoside which has a plurality of polar functional groups and is active in property, and a dialdehyde structure similar to glutaraldehyde is generated under the action of the tin coupling agent and the starch, so that the generated modified starch can be more uniformly and dispersedly distributed on the surfaces of the polypropylene fiber and the polypropylene short fiber and is further combined with the lignocellulose, the combination strength and the waterproof performance among the components in the putty powder are greatly enhanced, and the anti-cracking performance and the moisture resistance are improved.
The composite epoxy resin contained in the bonding reinforcing agent is prepared from three epoxy resins, diisocyanate and modified silica sol, has the characteristics of the three epoxy resins, and the-NCO group on the diisocyanate reacts with the epoxy group of the epoxy resin to generate oxazolidinone with a five-membered heterocyclic structure consisting of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen elements in the preparation process, so that the rigidity of a molecular chain is enhanced, and the number of weak bonds and the number of hydroxyl groups on a main chain are reduced, thereby improving the toughness, thermal stability and water resistance of the epoxy resin; meanwhile, the modified silica sol particles are added into the system, the combination of the modified silica sol particles and the epoxy resin can greatly improve the mechanical property and the thermal property of the epoxy resin, and the addition of the modified silica sol particles is beneficial to the mixing of components in the preparation process, the improvement of the tensile property of the product and the final interpenetration form of the product.
Compared with the existing putty powder, the putty powder has the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention obviously improves the bonding strength among the components in the putty powder by the anti-cracking fiber and the bonding reinforcing agent, not only greatly enhances the moisture-proof and crack-resistant performance of the putty powder, but also can improve the water-resistant performance and the hardness of the putty powder, the anti-cracking fiber is formed by mixing the polypropylene ethylene fiber, the polypropylene short fiber, the lignocellulose and the modified starch, wherein the modified starch is obtained by adding the eucommia bark extract when the starch is modified, the eucommia bark glycoside contained in the eucommia bark extract has a plurality of polar functional groups and active property, and a dialdehyde structure similar to glutaraldehyde is generated under the action of the tin coupling agent and the starch, so that the generated modified starch can be more uniformly dispersed and distributed on the surfaces of the polypropylene ethylene fiber and the polypropylene short fiber and further bonded with the lignocellulose, and the bonding strength and the water-resistant performance among the components in the putty powder are greatly enhanced, thereby improving the crack resistance and the moisture resistance;
2) the sepiolite velvet powder and the zeolite powder contained in the bonding reinforcing agent are materials with microporous structures, in the preparation process, not only can a part of modified nano-silica enter and fill a part of micropores to form reinforcing particles, but also the reinforcing particles can slowly separate from the microporous structures along with the time lapse in the putty powder and are combined with components such as ash calcium and the like in the putty powder, so that the strength of the putty powder reduced along with the time lapse is slowly and densely distributed; in the preparation process of the putty powder, the gray calcium and the slow release agent are mixed and added with water to be dried by distillation, and in the drying process, a part of the gray calcium is filled into the microporous structure, so that the bonding reinforcing agent is tightly bonded with the gray calcium, the crack resistance and the hardness of the putty powder are enhanced, and the waterproof performance of the putty powder is improved to a certain extent;
meanwhile, the bonding reinforcing agent contains composite epoxy resin and putty powder, wherein the composite epoxy resin is prepared from three epoxy resins, diisocyanate and modified silica sol, and has the characteristics of the three epoxy resins, and in the preparation process of the diisocyanate, an-NCO group on the diisocyanate reacts with an epoxy group of the epoxy resin to generate oxazolidinone with a five-membered heterocyclic structure consisting of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen elements, so that the rigidity of a molecular chain is enhanced, the number of weak bonds on a main chain and the number of hydroxyl groups are reduced, the toughness, the thermal stability and the water resistance of the epoxy resin are improved, and the composite epoxy resin can be used as a strong adhesive to be combined with components in the putty powder when added into the putty powder, so that the bonding force among the components of the putty powder is enhanced, and the crack resistance and the moisture resistance are improved;
3) the sepiolite fine hair powder and the zeolite powder are modified before use, so that the sepiolite fine hair powder, the zeolite powder and the modified nano-silica are better combined, the ultrasonic treatment adopted during the modification treatment can destroy the microporous structures of a part of the sepiolite fine hair powder and the zeolite powder, so that the inner surface and the outer surface of the sepiolite fine hair powder and the zeolite powder are contacted with methyl methacrylate and KH560, a large number of silicon hydroxyl groups are grafted on the inner surface and the outer surface of the sepiolite fine hair powder and the zeolite powder, the two substances are connected with the modified nano-silica through chemical reaction, and good interface binding force is ensured among the sepiolite fine hair powder and the zeolite powder and among the calcium carbonate, the heavy calcium and other components, so that the binding property of each component in the putty powder is improved, and the crack resistance and the waterproof property of the putty powder are further enhanced;
4) the bonding reinforcing agent can also contain modified calcium sulfate whiskers, and the modified calcium sulfate whiskers are subjected to surface modification treatment, so that when the modified calcium sulfate whiskers are added into the putty powder, the modified calcium sulfate whiskers can be uniformly distributed in the material, and other components can be better bonded on the surface of the putty powder, so that the crack resistance, hardness and waterproof performance of the putty powder are further enhanced;
5) the surface treatment agent prepared from benzoic acid, acetone and KH560 is used for carrying out surface treatment on the nano silicon dioxide and the calcium sulfate whiskers, so that the surfaces of the nano silicon dioxide and the calcium sulfate whiskers are acted by hydroxyl groups, and have a certain number of oxygen-containing functional groups in combination, and the surface compatibility is improved, so that when the nano silicon dioxide and the calcium sulfate whiskers are fully mixed with other raw materials, because the particles are very small and the specific surface area is large, the contact area between the other materials and the fine structure is increased, and the two materials can be uniformly dispersed in the materials and are combined with the physical surfaces of the rest materials;
6) the putty powder can also contain hydroxyethyl cellulose and silicon micropowder, wherein after the hydroxyethyl cellulose is dissolved in water, a uniformly dispersed gelling system can be formed in the water due to the surface activity of the hydroxyethyl cellulose, and a layer of protective colloid is formed on the surfaces of the silicon micropowder, the alumina micropowder and the modified nano-silica, namely a layer of lubricating film is formed on the surfaces of the three powders, so that a binding agent can be uniformly distributed in the putty powder, and the components of the putty powder are tightly combined, thereby further enhancing the crack resistance, hardness and waterproof performance of the putty powder; the silica powder contained in the putty powder, cement and calcium oxide in the putty powder are mixed with water to generate an alkaline activator calcium hydroxide, and then gels such as calcium silicate hydrate are generated, so that the strength of the putty powder is improved, and the gelling components can promote the strength increase (especially the tensile strength increase) of the putty powder after construction;
7) when the eucommia ulmoides extract is extracted from the eucommia ulmoides leaves, the eucommia ulmoides leaves are soaked in a sodium chloride solution and a sodium hydroxide solution in sequence, and can damage cell walls on the surface layer to a certain degree, so that effective components in cells inside the eucommia ulmoides leaves can be separated out through cell membranes and cell walls more easily, the cellulose structure of the eucommia ulmoides leaves can be loosened, the effective components are subsequently subjected to enzymolysis by cellulase, and the effective components inside the eucommia ulmoides leaves can be effectively separated out; similarly, when the eucommia ulmoides leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution, the microwave is used for assisting, and lignin and pentosan contained in the eucommia ulmoides leaves cell walls can be effectively removed, so that the cell walls are damaged to a greater extent, effective components in cells can be conveniently separated out through the cell walls, and the extraction yield of the eucommia ulmoides glycosides is finally improved;
8) the Chinese alpinia auriculata thunb pulp and the Chinese alpinia auriculata thunb powder can be added into the putty powder, Chinese alpinia auriculata thunb cake obtained by squeezing the Chinese alpinia auriculata thunb is treated with sodium hydroxide, the original cellulose can be changed into a fluffy state from a compact state, the Chinese alpinia auriculata thunb cake can be better combined with water and other components, a part of cellulose is treated by the sodium hydroxide to form a large amount of alkali-treated cellulose, the alkali-treated cellulose, calcium oxide (calcium hydroxide) and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose form Chinese alpinia auriculata thunb pulp, the sepiolite powder, the zeolite powder, the gray calcium and the like can be tightly combined, so that the anti-cracking performance and the waterproof performance of the putty powder are further enhanced, the cementing performance of the putty powder can be improved, and the addition of the Chinese alpinia auriculata thunb powder can also play a certain auxiliary cementing role;
9) healthy and environment-friendly
The raw materials of the invention are directly from the nature, the environment is not polluted in the production and use processes, the product takes water as a dispersing medium when in use, and the product is nontoxic, has no peculiar smell and no irritation, and does not have adverse effect on the environment and the health of residents;
10) simple construction process and strong adhesive force
The putty powder is alkaline, is more suitable for base layers such as cement, sand lime and the like, and can generate chemical and physical reactions with inorganic matters in the base materials to generate crystals and sol, so that the adhesive force between the putty powder and the base layers is enhanced;
11) the putty layer formed after construction has high surface hardness, good waterproof and air permeability
After the putty layer is constructed on a wall surface, certain small particle components can permeate into the wall surface to further generate an expansion crystallization reaction, crystals with expanded volume are generated by the reaction and filled into substrate microcracks and sand holes, and the formed putty layer has high surface hardness, strong abrasion resistance and strong washing capacity, and can be washed for a long time without peeling, foaming and falling off; the formed putty layer not only has stable performance, can prolong the service life of the decorative surface layer, but also has good air permeability, can be waterproof and perspired like human skin, and can evaporate and discharge water in the matrix while preventing water from permeating;
12) has wide application
The putty powder can generate a series of physical and chemical reactions when being mixed with water and constructed on a wall surface, and forms molecular chain type combination after the reaction, can be widely applied to decoration of the surfaces of base materials such as concrete, wall bricks, ceramic tiles, even glass and the like, is suitable for decoration of indoor and outdoor wall surfaces of houses, entertainment places, hotels, markets, hospitals, schools, kindergartens and other places, particularly forms a putty layer with waterproof and breathable functions, and is more suitable for decoration of inner and outer walls of underground garages and regions with large coastal moisture.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A moisture-proof anti-cracking putty powder containing modified calcium sulfate whiskers is prepared by mixing 46 parts of ash calcium, 28 parts of heavy calcium, 12 parts of cement, 7 parts of anti-cracking fibers and 8 parts of a bonding reinforcing agent according to a weight ratio, wherein the anti-cracking fibers are prepared by adding polypropylene fibers, polypropylene short fibers, lignocellulose and modified starch in a weight ratio of 3:8:3:5, uniformly mixing, adding a tin coupling agent accounting for 8% of the weight of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 4 by using sulfuric acid, adding an eucommia ulmoides extract accounting for 1% of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 60 ℃, preserving the temperature for 2 hours, adding stearic acid accounting for 4% of the weight of the starch, uniformly stirring, and drying at 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by evaporating filtrate obtained by filtering solid residues after the eucommia ulmoides leaves are boiled in water for 20 min;
the bonding reinforcing agent is prepared by mixing sepiolite velvet powder, zeolite powder, modified nano-silica, polyethylene glycol, composite epoxy resin, putty glue powder and water according to the weight ratio of 5:8:5:16:3:8:55, and evaporating liquid to dryness at 100 ℃; wherein, the modified nano-silica is obtained by mixing commercially available nano-silica with 3% of surface treating agent by weight, and the surface treating agent is prepared by mixing benzoic acid, acetone and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 2:1: 35; according to the weight ratio, the composite epoxy resin is prepared from 4 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 0.5 part of butylene epoxy resin, 0.5 part of glycerin epoxy resin, 2 parts of diisocyanate and 2 parts of modified silica sol, wherein the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding 2% of silica powder by weight of silica sol, 0.8% of sodium acetate by weight of silica sol and 3% of KH560 by weight of silica sol into commercially available silica sol, and then stirring for 1h at 70 ℃;
the sepiolite fine hair powder and the zeolite powder need to be modified in advance before use, so that the sepiolite fine hair powder, the zeolite powder and the modified nano-silica are better combined; the modification treatment of the sepiolite fine hair powder and the zeolite powder comprises the following steps: mixing commercially available sepiolite velvet powder and zeolite powder with methyl methacrylate 3 wt% and KH560 5 wt% respectively, and treating with ultrasonic wave at 200kHz for 2 min;
the bonding reinforcing agent also contains modified calcium sulfate whiskers accounting for 4% of the weight of sepiolite fluff powder, the modified calcium sulfate whiskers are obtained by mixing commercially available calcium sulfate whiskers with a surface treatment agent accounting for 3% of the weight of the commercially available calcium sulfate whiskers, and the surface treatment agent is prepared by mixing benzoic acid, acetone and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 2:1: 35.
The above is the basic implementation manner of the present embodiment, and further improvements, optimizations, and limitations can be made on the basis of the above:
the preparation method of the composite epoxy resin comprises the following steps:
1) preparing modified silica sol for later use;
the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding silica micropowder 2% of the weight of silica sol, sodium acetate 0.8% of the weight of silica sol and KH560 3% of the weight of silica sol into commercially available silica sol and then stirring for 1h at 70 ℃;
2) weighing the components according to the proportion, melting the bisphenol A epoxy resin, sequentially adding the weighed butylene epoxy resin, the glycerol epoxy resin and the diisocyanate, stirring until the materials are completely melted, cooling to 60 ℃, adding the modified silica sol prepared in the step 1), and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite epoxy resin.
For another example, when the eucommia ulmoides extract is prepared, firstly, the eucommia ulmoides leaves are treated as follows:
1) cleaning folium Eucommiae with water, soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution for 2h, taking out, soaking in 35% sodium hydroxide solution for 20min, taking out, and washing with clear water;
wherein, after the eucommia leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, the solution is subjected to microwave treatment with the power of 400W for 2 min;
2) soaking the eucommia ulmoides leaves washed clean by the clean water in the step 1) in clean water with the weight 3 times of that of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, then adding cellulase with the weight 1% of that of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, standing for 3 hours, taking out the eucommia ulmoides leaves, and then cleaning the eucommia ulmoides leaves by the clean water to finish the treatment of the eucommia ulmoides leaves.
Example 2
The preparation method of the modified starch comprises the steps of adding starch into water which is 5 times of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, then adding a tin coupling agent which is 10% of the weight of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 5 by using sulfuric acid, then adding an eucommia ulmoides extract which is 3% of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 65 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 3 hours, finally adding stearic acid which is 5% of the weight of the starch, uniformly stirring, and drying at the temperature of 110 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by boiling eucommia ulmoides leaves in water for 30min, filtering solid residues, evaporating filtrate to dryness;
the bonding reinforcing agent is prepared by mixing sepiolite velvet powder, zeolite powder, modified nano-silica, polyethylene glycol, composite epoxy resin, putty glue powder and water according to the weight ratio of 6:10:7:18:4:10:60, and evaporating liquid at 120 ℃; the modified nano-silica is obtained by mixing commercially available nano-silica with a surface treatment agent accounting for 4% of the weight of the commercially available nano-silica, wherein the surface treatment agent is prepared by mixing benzoic acid, acetone and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 3:2: 35; according to the weight ratio, the composite epoxy resin is prepared from 4 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 0.5 part of butylene epoxy resin, 0.5 part of glycerin epoxy resin, 2 parts of diisocyanate and 2 parts of modified silica sol, wherein the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding silica micropowder accounting for 3% of the weight of the silica sol, sodium acetate accounting for 1% of the weight of the silica sol and KH560 accounting for 4% of the weight of the silica sol into commercially available silica sol, and then stirring for 2 hours at 80 ℃;
the sepiolite fine hair powder and the zeolite powder need to be modified in advance before use, so that the sepiolite fine hair powder, the zeolite powder and the modified nano-silica are better combined; the modification treatment of the sepiolite fine hair powder and the zeolite powder comprises the following steps: mixing commercially available sepiolite velvet powder and zeolite powder with methyl methacrylate 3 wt% and KH560 5 wt% respectively, and treating with ultrasonic wave at 240kHz for 3 min;
the bonding reinforcing agent also contains modified calcium sulfate whiskers accounting for 5% of the weight of sepiolite fluff powder, the modified calcium sulfate whiskers are obtained by mixing commercially available calcium sulfate whiskers with a surface treatment agent accounting for 4% of the weight of the commercially available calcium sulfate whiskers, and the surface treatment agent is prepared by mixing benzoic acid, acetone and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 3:2: 35.
The above is the basic implementation manner of the present embodiment, and further improvements, optimizations, and limitations can be made on the basis of the above:
the preparation method of the composite epoxy resin comprises the following steps:
1) preparing modified silica sol for later use;
the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding silica micropowder 3% of the weight of silica sol, sodium acetate 1% of the weight of silica sol and KH560 4% of the weight of silica sol into commercially available silica sol and then stirring for 2 hours at 80 ℃;
2) weighing the components according to the proportion, melting the bisphenol A epoxy resin, sequentially adding the weighed butylene epoxy resin, the glycerol epoxy resin and the diisocyanate, stirring until the materials are completely melted, cooling to 70 ℃, adding the modified silica sol prepared in the step 1), and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite epoxy resin.
For another example, when the eucommia ulmoides extract is prepared, firstly, the eucommia ulmoides leaves are treated as follows:
1) cleaning folium Eucommiae with water, soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution for 2h, taking out, soaking in 35% sodium hydroxide solution for 20min, taking out, and washing with clear water;
wherein, after the eucommia leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, the solution is subjected to microwave treatment with the power of 400W for 2 min;
2) soaking the eucommia ulmoides leaves washed clean by the clean water in the step 1) in clean water which is 5 times of the weight of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, then adding cellulase which is 1% of the weight of the eucommia ulmoides leaves into the eucommia ulmoides leaves, standing for 4 hours, fishing out the eucommia ulmoides leaves, and then cleaning the eucommia ulmoides leaves by the clean water to finish the treatment of the eucommia ulmoides leaves.
Example 3
The preparation method of the modified starch comprises the steps of adding starch into water which is 4 times of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, then adding a tin coupling agent accounting for 9% of the weight of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 4.5 by using sulfuric acid, then adding an eucommia ulmoides extract accounting for 2% of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 63 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 2.5 hours, finally adding stearic acid accounting for 4.5% of the weight of the starch, uniformly stirring, and drying at 105 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by boiling eucommia ulmoides leaves in water for 25min, filtering solid residues, evaporating filtrate to dryness;
the bonding reinforcing agent is prepared by mixing sepiolite velvet powder, zeolite powder, modified nano-silica, polyethylene glycol, composite epoxy resin, putty glue powder and water according to the weight ratio of 5.5:9:6:17:3.5:9:58, and evaporating liquid to dryness at 110 ℃; wherein, the modified nano-silica is obtained by mixing commercially available nano-silica with 3.5 percent of surface treating agent by weight, and the surface treating agent is prepared by mixing benzoic acid, acetone and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 2.5:1.5: 35; according to the weight ratio, the composite epoxy resin is prepared from 4 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 0.5 part of butylene epoxy resin, 0.5 part of glycerin epoxy resin, 2 parts of diisocyanate and 2 parts of modified silica sol, wherein the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding 2.5% of silica powder by weight, 0.9% of sodium acetate by weight and 3.5% of KH560 by weight into commercially available silica sol, and then stirring at 75 ℃ for 1.5 hours;
the sepiolite fine hair powder and the zeolite powder need to be modified in advance before use, so that the sepiolite fine hair powder, the zeolite powder and the modified nano-silica are better combined; the modification treatment of the sepiolite fine hair powder and the zeolite powder comprises the following steps: mixing commercially available sepiolite velvet powder and zeolite powder with methyl methacrylate 3 wt% and KH560 5 wt% respectively, and treating with ultrasonic wave at 220kHz for 2-3 min;
the bonding reinforcing agent also contains modified calcium sulfate whiskers accounting for 4.5 percent of the weight of sepiolite fluff powder, the modified calcium sulfate whiskers are obtained by mixing commercially available calcium sulfate whiskers with a surface treatment agent accounting for 3.5 percent of the weight of the calcium sulfate whiskers, and the surface treatment agent is prepared by mixing benzoic acid, acetone and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 2.5:1.5: 35.
The above is the basic implementation manner of the present embodiment, and further improvements, optimizations, and limitations can be made on the basis of the above:
the preparation method of the composite epoxy resin comprises the following steps:
1) preparing modified silica sol for later use;
the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding silica micropowder 2.5% of the weight of silica sol, sodium acetate 0.9% of the weight of silica sol and KH560 3.5% of the weight of silica sol into commercially available silica sol, and then stirring for 1.5h at 75 ℃;
2) weighing the components according to the proportion, melting the bisphenol A epoxy resin, sequentially adding the weighed butylene epoxy resin, the glycerol epoxy resin and the diisocyanate, stirring until the materials are completely melted, cooling to 65 ℃, adding the modified silica sol prepared in the step 1), and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite epoxy resin.
For another example, when the eucommia ulmoides extract is prepared, firstly, the eucommia ulmoides leaves are treated as follows:
1) cleaning folium Eucommiae with water, soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution for 2h, taking out, soaking in 35% sodium hydroxide solution for 20min, taking out, and washing with clear water;
wherein, after the eucommia leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, the solution is subjected to microwave treatment with the power of 400W for 2 min;
2) soaking the eucommia ulmoides leaves washed clean by the clean water in the step 1) in clean water 4 times of the weight of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, then adding cellulase 1% of the weight of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, standing for 3.5 hours, fishing out the eucommia ulmoides leaves, and then cleaning the eucommia ulmoides leaves by the clean water to finish the treatment of the eucommia ulmoides leaves.
The putty powder can be directly applied to the surface of a new clean and oil-free wall or the surface of an existing wall renovated with an old wall in the decoration construction process, the surface oil stain or dirt is removed to carry out surface treatment on a matrix, and the putty powder can be directly applied to the surface of the wall without an interface agent of an intermediate medium.
Dynamic cracking resistance test
The test is carried out by a dynamic cracking resistance test method recorded in appendix B of the construction industry standard JG/T157-2009 of the people's republic of China:
firstly, preparing the following samples respectively, wherein the sizes of the samples meet the requirements of a dynamic cracking resistance tester recorded in appendix B of the building industry standard JG/T157-2009 of the people's republic of China, and the formulas of the samples are as follows:
sample 1: according to the weight ratio, the putty powder is prepared from 50 parts of ash calcium, 28 parts of heavy calcium, 14 parts of cement, 8 parts of commercially available polypropylene anti-cracking fiber and 10 parts of commercially available putty rubber powder;
sample 2: according to the weight ratio, the putty powder is prepared from 50 parts of ash calcium, 28 parts of heavy calcium, 14 parts of cement, 8 parts of anti-crack fiber prepared from polypropylene fiber, polypropylene short fiber, lignocellulose and modified starch in a ratio of 4:8:4:5, and 10 parts of commercially available putty powder;
sample 3: on the basis of the formula of the sample 2, 10 parts of commercially available putty glue powder are replaced by 10 parts of a binding reinforcing agent which is obtained by mixing sepiolite fine powder, zeolite powder, modified nano-silica, polyethylene glycol, composite epoxy resin, putty glue powder and water according to the weight ratio of 5:10:5:16:3:8:55 and then evaporating the liquid to dryness at 120 ℃;
sample 4: based on the formula of the sample 3, the sepiolite fine hair powder and the zeolite powder are modified before use;
sample 5: on the basis of the formula of the sample 2, modified calcium sulfate whiskers accounting for 4 percent of the weight of the sepiolite micropowder are additionally added into the bonding reinforcing agent;
sample 6: on the basis of the formula of the sample 2, hydroxyethyl cellulose with the weight of 5 percent of heavy calcium and silica micropowder with the weight of 8 percent of heavy calcium are additionally added;
sample 7: on the basis of the formula of the sample 2, straw rain grass pulp accounting for 4% of the weight of the gray calcium and straw rain grass powder accounting for 0.6% of the weight of the gray calcium are additionally added; the preparation method of the straw rain grass pulp and the straw rain grass powder comprises the following steps: cleaning and squeezing leaves and stems of tender grass virgo, obtaining grass carp cake and juice, evaporating the juice to dryness to obtain powder, namely grass virgo powder, soaking the grass virgo fungus cake in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 30% for 24 hours, taking out the grass virgo fungus cake, mixing the grass virgo;
then, the samples are tested according to a dynamic cracking resistance test method recorded in annex B of the building industry standard JG/T157-2009 of the people's republic of China, the samples are tested after 7 days of maintenance, 6 points are marked and the initial crack width before the test is read before the test is finished, the test is stopped when the crack is visible to naked eyes on the putty layer in the test process, the crack width of the corresponding point is read again, the difference between the crack width and the corresponding point is used as an experiment result, four points with the largest numerical value are selected, and the average value of the four points is used as the final test result of the sample;
the final experimental results are: sample 1 is 0.07mm, sample 2 is 0.05mm, sample 3 is 0.04mm, sample 4 is 0.05mm, sample 5 is 0.05mm, sample 6 is 0.04mm, sample 7 is 0.03mm, all are P type putty powder;
in order to verify the cracking resistance and the water resistance of each sample, the invention adopts the following simple mode to carry out the test, the sample still adopts the sample in the dynamic cracking resistance test, and the test conditions are as follows: the test specimen after seven days of maintenance was subjected to the following cycle treatments under the following conditions until it developed a macroscopic crack, and the number of cycles experienced was recorded as an index for evaluating the crack resistance and water resistance of the test specimen:
the experimental conditions are as follows: spraying water on the surface of the sample by using a spraying pot to wet the sample, then drying the surface of the sample by using hot air by using a blower, and recording as a cycle when the sample is wetted and dried once;
the experimental results are as follows: sample 1 was 25 times, sample 2 was 34 times, sample 3 was 42 times, sample 4 was 35 times, sample 5 was 37 times, sample 6 was 44 times, and sample 7 was 51 times;
from the above experimental results, it was found that the crack resistance and water resistance of the putty powder could be significantly improved after adding the anti-crack fiber of the specific component (sample 2 is greater than the cycle number of sample 1), and the crack resistance and water resistance of the putty powder could be further improved after adding the binding enhancer of the specific component and the anti-crack fiber of the specific component (the cycle numbers of samples 3, 4, and 5 are greater than the cycle numbers of samples 1 and 2), while the crack resistance and water resistance could be improved by adding hydroxyethyl cellulose and silica fine powder to the putty powder (the cycle number of sample 6 is greater than the cycle numbers of samples 1 and 2), and finally, the crack resistance and water resistance of the putty powder could be improved by adding the alpinia auriculata pulp and the alpinia auriculata powder to the putty powder (the cycle number of sample 7 is greater than the cycle numbers of samples 1 and 2).

Claims (3)

1. The moisture-proof anti-cracking putty powder containing the modified calcium sulfate whiskers is prepared from 46-50 parts by weight of gray calcium, 28-36 parts by weight of heavy calcium, 12-16 parts by weight of cement, 7-9 parts by weight of anti-cracking fibers and 8-12 parts by weight of a bonding reinforcing agent, and is characterized in that: the anti-crack fiber is formed by mixing polypropylene fiber, polypropylene short fiber, lignocellulose and modified starch in a weight ratio of 3-5:8-10:3-4:5-7, wherein the modified starch is prepared by adding the starch into water which is 3-5 times of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, then adding a tin coupling agent which accounts for 8-10% of the weight of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 4-5 by using sulfuric acid, then adding an eucommia ulmoides extract which accounts for 1-3% of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 60-65 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-3h, finally adding stearic acid which accounts for 4-5% of the weight of the starch, uniformly stirring, and drying at the temperature of 110 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by evaporating filtrate obtained by filtering solid residues after the eucommia ulmoides leaves are boiled in water for 20-30 min;
the bonding reinforcing agent is prepared by mixing sepiolite wool powder, zeolite powder, modified nano silicon dioxide, polyethylene glycol, composite epoxy resin, putty glue powder and water according to the weight ratio of 5-6:8-10:5-7:16-18:3-4:8-10:55-60, and then evaporating the liquid to dryness at the temperature of 100-; wherein, the modified nano-silica is obtained by mixing commercially available nano-silica with 3-4% of surface treating agent by weight, and the surface treating agent is prepared by mixing benzoic acid, acetone and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 2-3:1-2: 35;
the composite epoxy resin is prepared from 4 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 0.5 part of butylene epoxy resin, 0.5 part of glycerin epoxy resin, 2 parts of diisocyanate and 2 parts of modified silica sol according to parts by weight, wherein the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding 2-3% of silica sol by weight, 0.8-1% of sodium acetate by weight and 3-4% of KH560 by weight into commercially available silica sol, and then stirring at 70-80 ℃ for 1-2 h; the sepiolite fine hair powder and the zeolite powder are modified before use, so that the sepiolite fine hair powder, the zeolite powder and the modified nano-silica are better combined; the modification treatment of the sepiolite fine hair powder and the zeolite powder comprises the following steps: mixing commercially available sepiolite villi powder and zeolite powder with methyl methacrylate 3 wt% and KH560 5 wt% respectively, and treating with ultrasonic wave at 200-240kHz for 2-3 min;
the bonding reinforcing agent also contains modified calcium sulfate whiskers accounting for 4-5% of the weight of sepiolite fluff powder, the modified calcium sulfate whiskers are obtained by mixing commercially available calcium sulfate whiskers with a surface treating agent accounting for 3-4% of the weight of the calcium sulfate whiskers, and the surface treating agent is prepared by mixing benzoic acid, acetone and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 2-3:1-2: 35.
2. The moisture-proof and crack-resistant putty powder containing the modified calcium sulfate whiskers as recited in claim 1, is characterized in that: the preparation method of the composite epoxy resin comprises the following steps:
1) preparing modified silica sol for later use;
the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding silica micropowder 2-3% of the weight of silica sol, sodium acetate 0.8-1% of the weight of silica sol and KH560 3-4% of the weight of silica sol into commercially available silica sol, and then stirring at 70-80 ℃ for 1-2 h;
2) weighing the components according to the parts by weight of claim 1, melting the bisphenol A epoxy resin, sequentially adding the weighed butylene epoxy resin, the glycerol epoxy resin and the diisocyanate, stirring until the materials are completely melted, cooling to 60-70 ℃, adding the modified silica sol prepared in the step 1), and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite epoxy resin.
3. The moisture-proof and crack-resistant putty powder containing the modified calcium sulfate whiskers as recited in claim 1, is characterized in that: when the eucommia ulmoides extract is prepared, firstly, the eucommia ulmoides leaves are treated as follows:
1) cleaning folium Eucommiae with water, soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution for 2h, taking out, soaking in 35% sodium hydroxide solution for 20min, taking out, and washing with clear water;
wherein, after the eucommia leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, the solution is subjected to microwave treatment with the power of 400W for 2 min;
2) soaking the eucommia ulmoides leaves washed clean by the clean water in the step 1) in clean water with the weight 3-5 times of that of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, then adding cellulase with the weight 1% of that of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, standing for 3-4 hours, fishing out the eucommia ulmoides leaves, and then cleaning the eucommia ulmoides leaves by the clean water to finish the treatment of the eucommia ulmoides leaves.
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