CN109507033A - A kind of optical platform tested for simulating the transparent soil model of tunnel excavation - Google Patents
A kind of optical platform tested for simulating the transparent soil model of tunnel excavation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109507033A CN109507033A CN201811512001.9A CN201811512001A CN109507033A CN 109507033 A CN109507033 A CN 109507033A CN 201811512001 A CN201811512001 A CN 201811512001A CN 109507033 A CN109507033 A CN 109507033A
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- linear guide
- simulating
- lower guide
- transparent soil
- platform
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
- G01N2203/0647—Image analysis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of for simulating the optical platform of the transparent soil model test of tunnel excavation, including platform and linear guide, the linear guide is upper rall and two groups of lower guide, lower guide is longer, it is fixed on platform, its side indicates scale, and upper rall is perpendicular to lower guide and can move along lower guide, and upper rall is to place transparent soil model chamber.Using experimental rig of the invention, in the case where hardly increasing cost, model casing need to only be moved when shooting the spot figure of parallel position along linear guide orientation, accurately, can achieve the purpose for not only improving shooting quality and efficiency but also saving safely.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of transparent soil model experimental rigs for simulating tunnel excavation, with being primarily adapted for use in clay, sand
Layer tunnel excavation test simulation, belongs to tunnel excavation modeling techniques in geotechnical engineering room.
Background technique
Constructing tunnel can cause surrounding soil deformation, surface subsidence or the engineering problems such as protuberance and excavation face unstability.Mould
Type test uses physical model entity, equivalent according to the progress of the principle of similitude, boundary condition and primary condition in laboratory conditions,
Tunnel excavating process is simulated in model slot or model casing, tunnel is measured by embedding pressure sensor and displacement meter etc. and is opened
Dig the deformation and pressure change of the soil body in coverage, analytical soil sample deformation, intensity and stability characteristic (quality).With theory analysis, numerical value
Analog study method is compared, and model test can more realistically reflect tunnel excavation actual condition, is intuitively comprehensively understood and is excavated
The overall condition of engineering.
Traditional model test mostly uses large-scale model slot, generallys use embedding pressure cell inside tunnel surrounding soil
Pressure and deformation are measured with insertion type probe, the macroscopic deformation of the specific position soil body, stress around available tunnel model
Variation and ground settlement, since disturbance can be generated to the soil body in the difference and measurement process of sensor itself and soil mass property,
It is inaccurate to lead to the parameter measured, and tests every time costly.
The shortcomings that for above-mentioned model test, proposes transparent soil model experimental technique.Meeting transparent soil particle material
Under this physical condition equal with pore-fluid refractive index, transparent soil can be obtained after the two mixed preparing, in transparent soil in advance
Sealing tunnel model is placed, tunnel excavation process, by laser beam vertical irradiation, transparent soil are simulated in release step by step during test
The spot plan vertical or parallel to tunnel axis can be generated under middle particle and laser collective effect, set through vertical with laser beam
Continuous cross-sectional image can be obtained in the industrial camera shooting set, and two dimension is calculated with digital picture related algorithm (DIC) and cuts
The displacement vector figure in face.By mobile laser, the displacement vector figure of available different cross section obtains soil body three-dimensional space meta position
Move field and strain field.But when mobile laser, since moving distance, and mobile laser cannot be accurately controlled
Laser beam may threaten safely to testing crew during device, need accordingly to adjust the position of laser again after adjustment,
To ensure that the axis of laser and camera is mutually perpendicular to.So there are many difficulties and inconvenience in actual operation, not having can
Row.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of optical platform that the transparent soil model for simulating tunnel excavation is tested, using such optics
The experimental rig of platform can be used to non-contact, continuous, efficiently measurement tunnel arbitrary section deformation field, while be excavated
The situation of change of face Instability.Technical solution is as follows:
A kind of optical platform tested for simulating the transparent soil model of tunnel excavation, for simulating the transparent soil of tunnel excavation
Model test, including platform and linear guide, which is characterized in that the linear guide be upper rall and two groups of lower guide,
Lower guide is longer, is fixed on platform, and side indicates scale, and upper rall is perpendicular to lower guide and can be along lower guide
Rail is mobile, and upper rall is to place transparent soil model chamber.
Experimental rig of the invention, increases linear guide, in the case where hardly increasing cost, shoots parallel position
Spot figure when only need to by model casing along linear guide orientation, accurately move, can achieve not only improve shooting quality and efficiency but also
The purpose saved safely.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the experimental rig schematic diagram using optical platform of the invention.
Fig. 2 is optical platform schematic diagram.
Figure label explanation: 1 organic glass model case；2 transparent soil；3 PVC thin-wall circular tubes；4 laser emitters；5 industry
Camera I；6 industrial cameras II；7 optical platforms；8 linear guides (two-way linear guide supporting and guidance organic glass model case edge
Orbital direction does reciprocating linear motion, and length guarantee meets space measurement area requirement.Lower part linear guide is fixed on
On optical platform, centre fluting, side indicates scale；Upper straight guide rail is vertically disposed in the linear guide of lower part, long side one
Fluting among side, side indicate scale, and the bottom of short side side is equipped with pulley, and pulley can be made reciprocal straight along lower guide track slot
Line movement；Organic glass model case is placed on upper straight guide rail, and bottom is equipped with pulley, and pulley can be along upper guide
Track slot does reciprocating linear motion.)；9 pressure controller conduits；10 pressure controllers；11 electronic computers.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The present invention is the improvement to convention transparent soil model experimental rig and test method.
In terms of experimental rig, this experimental rig for using invention includes: organic glass model case 1, PVC thin-wall circular tube
3, laser emitter 4, industrial camera 5, industrial camera 6, optical platform 7, linear guide 8, pressure controller 10 (conduit 9), electricity
Sub- computer 11.
With reference to Fig. 1, the organic glass model case 1 is pasted by poly (methyl methacrylate) plate splicing, and upper end is open, and intensity meets
Test requirements document.The aperture of side middle position, opening diameter are equal to 3 outer diameter of PVC thin-wall circular tube, and aperture height is according to configured transparent
The height of soil 2 determines, it is ensured that the distance of aperture upper position to transparent native top surface is greater than opening diameter.
Organic glass model case 1 is worn in the PVC thin-wall circular tube 3, is intersected interior outer side seal processing, is greater than 3 into depth
Times opening diameter, inner opposite end connect rubber membrane, and rubber membrane keeps loose condition (of surface), the conduit of lateral ends and pressure controller 10
9 connections.
The laser emitter 4 is installed on the bracket for being fixed on optical platform, laser generate laser beam perpendicular to
Optical platform, laser leading portion install cross hairs generator, adjust the angle of cross hairs generator, are allowed to generate respectively mutual
Vertical laser beam is respectively parallel to the direction of respective straight guide rail 8.
The support frame of the industrial camera 5 and 6 is mounted on optical platform 7, and adjusting support frame makes industrial camera 5 and 6
Height is located at transparent native medium height position, and adjusting horizontal position is respectively perpendicular to the axis direction of industrial camera 5 and 6 accordingly
The direction of linear guide 8.
With reference to Fig. 2, the optical platform 7 is horizontal positioned, installs two-way linear guide rail 8, the vertically superposed peace of linear guide 8
Dress, support and guidance organic glass model case direction along ng a path do reciprocating linear motion.Lower part linear guide is mounted on light
Platform is learned, centre fluting, side indicates scale, for controlling the moving distance of upper straight guide rail；Upper straight guide rail is vertical
It is placed in lower part linear guide, fluting among long side side, side indicates scale, for controlling the shifting of organic glass model case 1
Dynamic distance, the bottom of short side side are equipped with pulley, and pulley can do reciprocating linear motion along lower guide track slot；Organic glass model
Case 1 is placed in upper straight guide rail, and bottom is equipped with pulley, and pulley can do reciprocating linear motion along upper guide track slot.Pulley
It is respectively mounted brake block above, it can accurate brake sheave.The guide rail proposed includes manually and automatically controlling two kinds of structures.
With reference to Fig. 1, pressure controller 10 controls hydraulic pressure in PVC thin-wall circular tube 3, by reducing pressure simulation tunnel digging step by step
Into.Its conduit 9 and PVC thin-wall circular tube 3 connect.
With reference to Fig. 1, electronic computer 11 is connected to industrial camera 5 and 6, controls 5 He of industrial camera by PIV Survey Software
6 shooting laser spot figures, carry out image procossing, obtain the space displacement field pattern of tunnel excavation.
Test method is as follows:
(1) organic glass model case 1 is designed and produced, the aperture at the vertical centred position of side.
(2) aperture will be worn in PVC thin-wall circular tube 3, gos deep into one end and paste rubber membrane, so that rubber membrane is kept loose condition (of surface), outside
Side one end is connect with the conduit 9 of pressure controller 10.
(3) transparent native 2 are configured inside organic glass model case 1, seal organic glass model case after reaching design height
1。
(4) after adjusting the water filling to design pressure of pressure controller 10, control pressure is remained unchanged.
(5) it is horizontally arranged optical platform 7, longitudinal stack installs linear guide 8, organic glass model case 1 is placed in
Portion's linear guide guarantees that each side of organic glass model case 1 is respectively perpendicular or is parallel to linear guide 8.
(6) it arranges, debug laser emitter 4.It adjusts laser and is located at middle position right above model casing, generate
Laser beam perpendicular to optical platform；Laser leading portion installs cross hairs generator, adjusts the angle of cross hairs generator, is allowed to
The orthogonal laser beam generated respectively is respectively parallel to the direction of respective straight guide rail 8；Adjusting bracket height makes its generation
Laser beam can all be irradiated to transparent soil, and meet brightness requirement.
(7) it arranges, debug industrial camera 5 and 6.The support frame of industrial camera 5 and 6 is mounted on optical platform 7, adjusts branch
Support makes the height of industrial camera 5 and 6 be located at transparent native medium height position, and adjusting horizontal position makes the axis of industrial camera 5 and 6
Line direction is respectively perpendicular to or is parallel to linear guide 8.
(8) connection industrial camera 5 and 6 arrives electronic computer 11, tests PIV Survey Software.
(9) pressure controller 10 depressurizes step by step, simulates tunnel excavation process, and after depressurizing and stablizing, laser emitter 4 irradiates
Transparent native 2, after forming stabilized lasers spot figure, the industrial camera 5 vertical with laser spot figure shoots laser spot figure, and image uploads to electricity
Sub- computer 11；Line generator is adjusted, the laser spot figure of vertical direction is generated, the industrial camera 6 vertical with laser spot figure is shot
Laser spot figure, image upload to electronic computer 11.
(10) pulley for controlling upper straight guide rail moves in parallel a distance along lower guide track slot, is carried out by pulley block
Braking adjusts line generator, generates the laser spot figure perpendicular to moving direction, and industrial camera 6 continues to shoot laser spot figure, image
Upload to electronic computer 11.In this way, mobile several distances, handle gained spot figure using PIV Survey Software, obtain in place
Vector diagram in plane is moved, figure is combined in three-dimensional cartesian coordinate system in sequence, forms the space bit perpendicular to tunnel axis
Figure is moved, is analyzed perpendicular to tunnel axis direction soil movement situation.
(11) organic glass model case 1 returns to initial position, controls the pulley of organic glass model case 1 along upper guide track slot
A distance is moved in parallel, is braked by pulley block, line generator is adjusted, generates the laser spot perpendicular to moving direction
Figure, industrial camera 5 continue to shoot laser spot figure, and image uploads to electronic computer 11.In this way, mobile several distances, use PIV
Survey Software handles gained spot figure, obtains displacement plane polar plot, and figure is combined to three-dimensional right angle in sequence and is sat
In mark system, it is formed in parallel with the space displacement figure of tunnel axis, analysis is parallel to tunnel axis direction soil movement situation.
(12) organic glass model case 1 returns to initial position, and pressure controller 10 depressurizes step by step, in this way, being excavated
The space displacement figure of different time tunnel cross-wise direction and axis direction in journey.
(13) after the completion of testing, laser emitter 4, industrial camera 5 and 6, pressure controller 10 and electronic computer are closed
11, cleaning organic glass model case 1 waits experimental rigs.
The shooting of laser spot figure can guarantee quickly using this method, caused by avoiding 4 multiple switching of laser emitter and movement
Debug time is too long, improves efficiency.Meanwhile testing crew being avoided excessively to contact 4 bring potential danger of laser emitter, with
And transparent native transparency degenerate at any time the fogging image of generation the disadvantages of.
Newly-designed experimental rig and test method, have the following characteristics that
1) strong operability, optical platform 7, which installs linear guide 8, can improve laser spot figure collecting efficiency, save test period,
Success of the test rate is improved, there is stronger realistic feasibility.
2) energy-saving safe is flat along guide-track groove by mobile upper straight guide rail and organic glass model case 1 during test
Row movement, reduces the number of switch laser transmitter 4, improves instrument service life, ensure that the safety of testing crew.
Claims (1)
1. it is a kind of for simulating the optical platform of the transparent soil model test of tunnel excavation, for simulating the transparent clay model of tunnel excavation
Type test, including platform and linear guide, which is characterized in that the linear guide is upper rall and two groups of lower guide, under
Portion's guide rail is longer, is fixed on platform, and side indicates scale, and upper rall is perpendicular to lower guide and can be along lower guide
Mobile, upper rall is to place transparent soil model chamber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811512001.9A CN109507033A (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2018-12-11 | A kind of optical platform tested for simulating the transparent soil model of tunnel excavation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811512001.9A CN109507033A (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2018-12-11 | A kind of optical platform tested for simulating the transparent soil model of tunnel excavation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109507033A true CN109507033A (en) | 2019-03-22 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811512001.9A Pending CN109507033A (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2018-12-11 | A kind of optical platform tested for simulating the transparent soil model of tunnel excavation |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6533430B2 (en) * | 2000-12-01 | 2003-03-18 | Gary A. Baranyai | Model train accessory incorporating lighted tube for visual effect |
| KR20090055960A (en) * | 2007-11-29 | 2009-06-03 | 한국철도기술연구원 | A fire simulating device that use hydrogen bubble happened by electrolysis |
| CN107621524A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-01-23 | 重庆大学 | The transparent soil model experimental rig and test method of a kind of simulation tunnel excavation deformation |
| CN108490152A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-09-04 | 重庆大学 | A kind of transparent soil model experimental rig and its test method of novel analog tunnel excavation |
| CN108896744A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-27 | 重庆大学 | A kind of transparent soil model experimental rig and its test method for simulating three step of tunnel, seven step excavating load |
| CN209542301U (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-10-25 | 天津大学 | For simulating the optical platform of the transparent soil model test of tunnel excavation |
-
2018
- 2018-12-11 CN CN201811512001.9A patent/CN109507033A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6533430B2 (en) * | 2000-12-01 | 2003-03-18 | Gary A. Baranyai | Model train accessory incorporating lighted tube for visual effect |
| KR20090055960A (en) * | 2007-11-29 | 2009-06-03 | 한국철도기술연구원 | A fire simulating device that use hydrogen bubble happened by electrolysis |
| CN107621524A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-01-23 | 重庆大学 | The transparent soil model experimental rig and test method of a kind of simulation tunnel excavation deformation |
| CN108490152A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-09-04 | 重庆大学 | A kind of transparent soil model experimental rig and its test method of novel analog tunnel excavation |
| CN108896744A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-27 | 重庆大学 | A kind of transparent soil model experimental rig and its test method for simulating three step of tunnel, seven step excavating load |
| CN209542301U (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-10-25 | 天津大学 | For simulating the optical platform of the transparent soil model test of tunnel excavation |
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Application publication date: 20190322 |
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