The determination method of the quick-fried heap width of surface mine bench blasting
Technical field
The invention belongs to air bench blasting technical field more particularly to a kind of quick-fried heap width of surface mine steep wall mining
Determination method, can be in the non-quick-fried middle extensive use of coal solid surface mine bench blasting such as black, coloured, gold, building materials.
Background technique
Opencast technical process is general are as follows: perforation, explosion, shovel dress, transport and row's rock, each process link are mutually held in the mouth
It connects, influence each other, mutually restrict, constitute the opencast most basic production cycle.Explosion is opencast one important
Whole ore-rock is crushed by bursting work, is loosened, forms the big gun heap of certain shapes by process, pretends industry for subsequent adopt
Operating condition is provided.Blasting work quality, the quality of demolition effect, which directly affect, subsequent adopt the production efficiency for pretending industry and adopts
Fill operating cost;Wherein quick-fried heap width is an important control content, is become apparent especially for the mine of abrupt slope exploitation,
Slope angle can be preferably improved, rock overburden amount is reduced, removing cost is reduced, creates significant economic benefit.
Surface mine mainly has railway and the big means of transportation of automobile two.For the former, quick-fried heap width is excessive, is easy to draw
Detonation heap buried weight rail accident greatly increases track shifting and sets and cleaning workload;For the latter, if the depth of abrupt slope exploitation
Recessed opencut, step platform narrower width, quick-fried heap width is excessive, and the ore-rock under explosion is easily flushed on following step, lower throwing
Amount is more, reduces shovel dress efficiency, increases reversed freight volume, while threatening the safety of following step.
It is displaced throwing principle according to sillar, quick-fried heap width is bigger, and cleaning workload is just big, and shovel dress efficiency is lower.Usually
For, shovel dress efficiency is improved with the increase of quick-fried heap width, but when quick-fried heap width is more than a certain range, under shovel fills efficiency instead
Drop.This is because quick-fried heap width is bigger, three angular amount proportions in quick-fried heap are bigger, increase shovel and install standby movement time
Number increases the receipts quarrel time, reduces the effective time of shovel dress, reduces shovel dress bucket fill degree, to reduce shovel dress effect
Rate.Therefore, while meeting blasting crush rate, it is necessary to control reasonable quick-fried heap width.
Currently, the common quick-fried heap parametric technique of regulation and control has: retaining gear dike in the preshoot portion of quick-fried heap;Upper separate explosion
Talus as barricade carry out tight-face blasting;Change drilling and blasting parameter, pack distribution and shot elevation, short-delay time interval and side
Formula, the pack order of connection and blasting method.The opencut narrow to workbench, first two method require have certain explosion mine
Rock amount deposit and its bank up place." the opencut difference based on SIMIO that " coal engineering " the 2nd phase of volume 48 in 2016 delivers
It proposes to establish model using SIMIO software in a digging bandwidth simulative optimization research " text, be predicted by the method for numerical simulation
The width of dass." the prediction side of the quick-fried heap width of step demolition of strip mines that the 2nd phase of " western mineral exploration engineering " nineteen ninety-five delivers
It is proposed to be predicted according to the maximum initial velocity of Rock Displacement Movement and maximum casting distance in a method " text the quick-fried heap preshoot of production resettlement away from
From.
However, having quick-fried heap width control method does not propose effective quick-fried heap length prediction formula, there is certain answer
Use limitation.For this purpose, passing through calculation formula the invention proposes a kind of determination method of the quick-fried heap width of surface mine bench blasting
It predicts quick-fried heap width, and then instructs blasting parameters optimization according to field condition, improve shovel dress efficiency, reduce overburden amount, raising is adopted
Field slope angle.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is be exactly the skill in order to solve quick-fried heap length prediction difficulty in existing surface mine bench blasting
Art problem, and a kind of determination method of quick-fried heap width of surface mine bench blasting is provided.This method is pre- by providing quick-fried heap width
Formula is surveyed, not only quick-fried heap width can be predicted according to live blasting parameter, optimizing and revising for blasting parameter can also be instructed, effectively
Quick-fried heap width is controlled, dress efficiency is shoveled to improve, avoids ore-rock from reversely transporting, increase slope of stope angle, reduce rock and remove cost,
Stope step production safety is improved simultaneously.
Above-mentioned purpose to realize the present invention, the determination method of the quick-fried heap width of surface mine bench blasting of the present invention, passes through
Following steps are realized:
1) determine that the principal element for influencing the width L of quick-fried heap has first: the powder charge section in front-seat blasthole on production step
Height h1, the width W of toe burden, quick-fried heap stay quarrel thickness S, multiple-row blasting section blocking quality (including blocking section height h2
And compactness) and charge constitution, rock mass characteristic, explosive property, firing order.In lithology, explosive property, charge constitution etc.
In the case where certain, to quick-fried heap width L when determining single row of holes explosion0Two key variables that value plays a major role: h1/W、h1/(W
+ S), wherein h1/ W is clear quarrel variable, h1/ (W+S) is to stay quarrel variable.
2) single shot hole blasting is first carried out, respectively for being cut and staying quarrel two schemes clearly, using 10~35 field tests
The quick-fried heap width L measured0Data carry out regression analysis, obtain L respectively0With h1/ W and h1The relation equation of/(W+S):
When clear quarrel: L0=A1+B1·(h1/ W), wherein A1And B1To return numerical value;
When staying quarrel: L0=A2+B2·[h1/ (W+S)], wherein A2And B2To return numerical value;
L0Quick-fried heap width when single shot hole blasting, the unit of each parameter is rice in formula;
In the step, the quick-fried heap width L measured using 20~25 field tests0Data carry out regression analysis and are preferred.It is secondary
Number is very few, has an impact to accuracy, reliability;Number is excessive, and the field test time is long, at high cost.
3) width of quick-fried heap (5) is determined according to each blasting hole number of rows N and blasthole array pitch b using multiple rows of shot hole blasting again
Spend LiCalculation formula:
When clear quarrel: Li=A1+B1·(h1/W)+(N-1)×b;
When staying quarrel: Li=A2+B2·[h1/(W+S)]+(N-1)×b;
In formula: LiQuick-fried heap width when multiple rows of shot hole blasting, N- blasthole number of rows, the unit of other each parameters are rice.
In the step, according to detonation scale domination the number of the boring hole, blasthole number of rows N general control is in 2~4 rows.
4) calculation formula according to the quick-fried heap width L of the quick-fried heap obtained, changes further according to field condition, predicts other steps
The quick-fried heap width of explosion instructs the adjustment of blasting parameter, direction of detonating, guarantees shotfiring safety, avoid being flushed to following platform under quick-fried heap
Rank improves shovel dress efficiency.
Test result shows that the present invention carries out regression analysis by a large amount of live Burst Test Data, and through testing
Card has very high reliability and confidence level.
The determination method of the quick-fried heap width of surface mine bench blasting of the present invention after the above technical solution is adopted, acquirement it is beneficial
Effect are as follows:
(1) blasting parameters optimization can be instructed, quick-fried heap width is preferably controlled, quick-fried heap extension and lower throwing amount is reduced, improves
Shovel dress efficiency
(2) while guaranteeing that Highwall mining is safe, slope of stope angle is improved, reduces rock overburden amount, reduces mine blasting
Cost of winning.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the bench blasting horizontal layout signal of the determination method of the quick-fried heap width of surface mine bench blasting of the present invention
Figure;
Fig. 2 is the bench blasting section arrangement signal of the determination method of the quick-fried heap width of surface mine bench blasting of the present invention
Figure;
The quick-fried heap width L of single row of holes explosion when Fig. 3 is clear quarrel0With h1The relational graph of/W;
Fig. 4 is the quick-fried heap width L of single row of holes explosion when staying quarrel0With h1The relational graph of/(W+S).
Appended drawing reference are as follows: 1- produces step;2- blasthole;3- blast hole projectile filling section, height h1;4- multiple-row blasting section, height h2;
The quick-fried heap of 5-, width L;6- bench slope.
Specific embodiment
It is wide to the quick-fried heap of surface mine bench blasting of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples to better describe the present invention
The determination method of degree is described in further detail.
The bench blasting horizontal layout of the determination method of the quick-fried heap width of surface mine bench blasting of the present invention as shown in Figure 1
Schematic diagram simultaneously finds out that the determination method of the quick-fried heap width of surface mine bench blasting of the present invention passes through following technique, step in conjunction with Fig. 2
It is rapid to realize:
1) according to the blasting parameters such as 2 aperture of the blasthole of design, pitch-row, hole depth, front-seat blasthole 2 and 7 bottom of bench slope
The width in portion is toe burden W.Determine that the principal element for influencing the width L of quick-fried heap 5 has first: the front row on production step 1
The height h of powder charge section 3 in blasthole 21, the width W of toe burden, quick-fried heap 5 the height for staying quarrel thickness S, multiple-row blasting section 4
h2And compactness and charge constitution, rock mass characteristic, explosive property, firing order, to quick-fried heap width when determining single row of holes explosion
L0Two key variables that value plays a major role: h1/W、h1/ (W+S), wherein h1/ W is clear quarrel variable, h1/ (W+S) is that quarrel is stayed to become
Amount.
2) single shot hole blasting is first carried out, respectively for being cut and staying clearly quarrel two schemes, carries out repeatedly live explosion bulge test,
Improve the reliability of experimental data.The quick-fried heap width L generally measured using 20~25 field tests0Data, which return, divides
Analysis, obtains L respectively0With h1/ W and h1The relation equation of/(W+S):
When clear quarrel: L0=A1+B1·(h1/ W), wherein A1And B1To return numerical value;
When staying quarrel: L0=A2+B2·[h1/ (W+S)], wherein A2And B2To return numerical value;
L0Quick-fried heap width when single shot hole blasting, the unit of each parameter is rice in formula.
3) width of quick-fried heap (5) is determined according to each blasting hole number of rows N and blasthole array pitch b using multiple rows of shot hole blasting again
Spend LiCalculation formula:
When clear quarrel: Li=A1+B1·(h1/W)+(N-1)×b;
When staying quarrel: Li=A2+B2·[h1/(W+S)]+(N-1)×b;
In formula: LiQuick-fried heap width when multiple rows of shot hole blasting, N- blasthole number of rows, the unit of other each parameters are rice;
In the step, according to detonation scale domination the number of the boring hole, blasthole number of rows N is controlled in 2~4 rows.
4) calculation formula according to the quick-fried heap width L of the quick-fried heap 5 obtained, changes further according to field condition, predicts other
The quick-fried heap width of rank explosion instructs the adjustment of blasting parameter, direction of detonating, guarantees shotfiring safety, avoid being flushed under quick-fried heap following
Step improves shovel dress efficiency.
Here quick-fried heap width L both includes L0, also include Li。
Case study on implementation: certain produces 5000000 tons of large-scale outdoors iron ore, blasthole diameter 250mm, using powdery emulsifying explosive per year;
Pitch-row 6.5m~7m when normal blasting, array pitch b=5.6m~6m;Buffer blasting pitch-row 6m~6.5m, array pitch b=5.2m~
5.6m;Width W=8m~8.5m of toe burden, ultra-deep 2m.Ignition plan uses oblique initiation, and the blasthole of every separate explosion is arranged
The number row of N=2~4.
1) when clear quarrel, h1The Ratio control of/W, by a large amount of field tests, has obtained single row of holes explosion 0.45~0.71
When quick-fried heap width L0With h1The relation equation of/W, L0=-5.2268+39.199 (h1/ W), when clear quarrel as shown in Figure 3, is single
The quick-fried heap width L of Hole placing blast0With h1The relational graph of/W.
When more Hole placing blasts, quick-fried heap width Li=-5.2268+39.199 (h1/W)+(N-1)×5.8。
Through multiple on-site verification, quick-fried 95% or more the heap width calculation formula accuracy rate, amplitude of variation deviation+50cm with
It is interior.
2) when staying quarrel, h1The Ratio control of/W, by a large amount of field tests, it is quick-fried to have obtained single blasthole 0.45~0.77
Quick-fried heap width L when broken0With h1The relation equation of/(W+S), L0=-14.469+41.958 [h/ (W+S)], as shown in Figure 4
The quick-fried heap width L of single row of holes explosion when staying quarrel0With h1The relational graph of/(W+S).
When more Hole placing blasts, quick-fried heap width Li=-14.469+41.958 [h1/(W+S)]+(N-1)×5.5
Through multiple on-site verification, quick-fried 96% or more the heap width calculation formula accuracy rate, amplitude of variation deviation+45cm with
It is interior.
By controlling the quick-fried heap width of bench blasting, berm width is controlled within 8m, and slope of stope angle improves 4.3 °, in fact
Show steep wall mining, it is annual to reduce 2,300,000 tons of rock amount of removing or more, achieve significant economic benefit.