CN109497263A - Single cell protein forage grass - Google Patents
Single cell protein forage grass Download PDFInfo
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- CN109497263A CN109497263A CN201811461893.4A CN201811461893A CN109497263A CN 109497263 A CN109497263 A CN 109497263A CN 201811461893 A CN201811461893 A CN 201811461893A CN 109497263 A CN109497263 A CN 109497263A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/116—Heterocyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
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Abstract
The invention belongs to biological feedstuff fields, are related to a kind of single-cell protein feed and its production method with the fermentation of dragon fruit pericarp.The single-cell protein feed is made of the addition beneficial microbe strain fermentation in mixed raw material, the mixed raw material is made of the material of following weight part ratio: 2 ~ 60 parts of dragon fruit pericarp (in terms of over dry material), 0.2 ~ 10 part of non protein nitrogen, 0.2 ~ 5.0 part of phosphate, 0.1 ~ 3.0 part of magnesium salts, 0 ~ 15 part of regulator, 40 ~ 98 parts of water, adjusting pH value is 4.5 ~ 7.5, 2 ~ 10% probiotics made of beneficial microbe strain for accounting for the mixed raw material gross weight are added, effective total viable count of the probiotics is not less than 1.0 hundred million/g, through mixing, fermented and cultured, it is dry, it crushes, obtain single-cell protein feed.Rationally, preparation method science is at low cost for inventive formulation design, can be used as the feed of the raising animal such as pig, ox, sheep, chicken.
Description
The invention belongs to biological feedstuff field, be related to single-cell protein feed and its production method, it is specifically a kind of
The single-cell protein feed and its production method to be fermented with dragon fruit pericarp.
Dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus), also known as pitaya fruit and Hylocereus undatus, for Cactaceae hylocereus belong to and
Snake whip platymiscium originates in the desert area of Central America torrid zone, the present multiple country's plantations in Asia.China Hainan, wide at present
There is plantation on the ground such as west, Guangdong, Fujian, and scale constantly expands.The nutritional health function of dragon fruit pulp has obtained public affairs
Many is widely recognized as and praises.The carbohydrate such as dragon fruit pericarp cellulose rich in, pectin, polysaccharide separately contain flavones
And the substances such as natural red pigments, but free sugar and protein content are extremely low.Its pericarp accounts for Quan Guochong large percentage,
At present in dragon fruit processing, pericarp is essentially all to be dropped, and is not only resulted in waste of resources in this way, while causing environment dirty
Dye.At present to the development and utilization of dragon fruit pericarp, research report is concentrated mainly on red pigments, and (Cong Yan utilizes dragon fruit pericarp
The Xiamen development of resources edible natural pigment [J] science and technology, 2009 (01): 56-57), (Yang Ming, Hu Wene, Wu Shouzhong are micro- for pectin
Process of pectin [J] food research and development in wave assisted extraction dragon fruit pericarp, 2012,33(2): 55-58), general flavone (king
Dawn wave, research [J] food research and development that the pitaya peel general flavone such as Zhong Chanjun, Liu Dongying acts on lipid-antioxidant activity,
2012,33(3): 19-23) etc., related patents have using pitaya peel exploitation dietary fiber (application number of invention patent:
201110298272.0), pitaya peel extracts water colo(u)r (application number of invention patent: 200410065617.8) etc..
Constantly expand with the scale of aquaculture and cultured product quality requirements are constantly promoted, aquaculture provides protein
The demand in source increasingly increases.Protein resource is feed industry sheet, and protein feed shortage, has become feedstuff industry at present
The outstanding problem of development.The country about needs 37,500,000 tons of protein raw materials every year at present, wherein about 70% relies on import.Protein is short
It lacks and limits the development of aquaculture industry of China.And good protein can be developed by biotechnology using agricultural production leftover bits and pieces
Feedstuff promotes the development of aquaculture to alleviate dependence of the feed industry to grain.The present invention is single cell protein white hair
The biotechnology applications of ferment are utilized in the by-product resource that dragon fruit is processed, and can not only be promoted dragon fruit plantation and be added deeply
The development of work, and a kind of new high quality protein feedstuff is provided for China's feedstuff industry, application value is big, market
Prospect is extensive, has not yet to see pertinent literature report.
The purpose of the present invention is not high and protein feed resources for current domestic dragon fruit pericarp resource utilization
Short status provides a kind of dragon fruit pericarp ferments by biotechnology and gives birth to using dragon fruit pericarp as raw material
Single-cell protein feed and its method are produced, dragon fruit planting industry, feed industry are served.
The present invention uses biotechnology principle, can be decomposed using beneficial microbe strain or strain combination, utilize flue
The characteristic of the macromolecule carbons source substances such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pectin in fruit pericarp, and in non-egg appropriate
Under white nitrogen source, inorganic salts, regulator, temperature and humidity conditions cooperation, microorganism fungus kind cell fast breeding is converted into microbial bacteria
Body protein matter, to increase the protein content of dragon fruit pericarp.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of single cell protein forage grass, the single-cell protein feed are that beneficial microbe strain hair is added in mixed raw material
Ferment is made, and the mixed raw material is made of the material of following weight part ratio: 2~60 parts of dragon fruit pericarp (in terms of over dry material), non-
0.2~10 part of protein nitrogen sources, 0.2~5.0 part of phosphate, 0.1~3.0 part of magnesium salts, 0~15 part of regulator, 40~98 parts of water,
Adjusting pH value is 4.5~7.5, and addition accounts for prebiotic made of 2~10% use beneficial microbe strains of the mixed raw material gross weight
Effective total viable count of microbial inoculum, the probiotics is not less than 1.0 hundred million/g, and through mixing, fermented and cultured be dry, pulverize, and be obtained
Single-cell protein feed.
Containing following weight percent composition in single-cell protein feed described above: true albumen >=20%, crude fibre 3-18%,
Character is pale red or canescence to grey black powdery.
The probiotics are long handle trichoderma, aspergillus niger, Humicola insolens, penicillium funiculosum, geotrichum candidum, Candida utilis ferment
Mother, fission yeast, two or more strain combination in candida tropicalis.
The non protein nitrogen be urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate,
One of urea phosphate, sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate or more than one combinations.
The phosphate is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, tripotassium phosphate, phosphorus
One of sour trisodium, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium pyrophosphate or more than one combinations.
The magnesium salts is one of magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride or more than one combinations.
The regulator is one of cavings, straw and corncob or more than one combinations.The cavings refers to
The leather shell of cereal, such as: the skin chaff of rice, millet, wheat, beans, the leather shell of fiber crops or sorghum, broomcorn millet, fine strain of millet etc.；The stalk is mature crops
The general name of cauline leaf (fringe) part, such as: wheat, rice, corn, potato, oil plant, cotton, sugarcane and other crops are in harvest seed
Remainder after reality；The corncob is the stick core after corn rod threshing, and the partial size of regulator is 5mm or less.
The by-product that the dragon fruit pericarp obtains after processing removes pulp from dragon fruit.For the standard that feeds intake
Really, dragon fruit pericarp of the present invention is with the calculating of over dry material.Over dry material, which refers to, is placed on material in baking oven, keeps physical property not
The material obtained to constant weight is dried under conditions of change.The calculation formula of over dry material of the present invention are as follows:
M is dry=and m is wet × (1-W)
W in formula --- moisture content (%)
M is wet --- wet dragon fruit pericarp quality (g)
M is dry --- over dry dragon fruit pericarp quality (g)
The measuring method of dragon fruit pericarp moisture content W of the present invention are as follows: take dragon fruit 2~6g of pericarp, be broken into diameter no more than 3mm
Fragment, set in baking oven and dry to the difference weighed twice in succession in 0.3mg at 100~105 DEG C hereinafter, according to the weight of less loss
Amount calculates moisture content, calculation formula are as follows:
The production method of single cell protein forage grass described above, comprising the following steps:
1. the preparation of probiotics: by beneficial microbe strain be inoculated into probiotics expand culture medium in, 25~30 DEG C, it is aerobic
Under the conditions of expand culture 2~6 days, culture is ground or is crushed, mixing is equal in temperature≤50 DEG C, constant pressure and dry or vacuum freeze-drying
Even, the living bacteria count of gained microbial inoculum is greater than 1.0 hundred million/g, and miscellaneous bacteria rate is lower than 30%；
2. dragon fruit pericarp pre-processes: fresh dragon fruit pericarp is directly crushed or smashed to pieces, it is spare；Or by fresh dragon fruit pericarp
Dehydration and drying to water content 30% hereinafter, crush or smash to pieces, it is spare；
3. ingredient: weighing mixed raw material by following weight part ratio: 2~60 parts of dragon fruit pericarp (in terms of over dry material), nonprotein nitrogen
0.2~10 part of source, 0.2~5.0 part of phosphate, 0.1~3.0 part of magnesium salts, 0~15 part of regulator, 40~98 parts of water adjust pH
Value is 4.5~7.5；
4. inoculation: material being transferred to round, probiotics are added by the 2~10% of the mixed raw material gross weight, and sufficiently
It mixes；
5. cell Proliferation culture: after material inoculation under 20~35 DEG C, aerobic condition, fermenting 2~6 days；
6. inactivation drying: fermentation gross product is dehydrated under 50 DEG C or less clean environments after fermentation, it is dry, it obtains blocky
Single-cell protein feed crude product；
7. crushing: gained crude product pulverizer is crushed to get single-cell protein feed.
The beneficial microbe strain is long handle trichoderma, aspergillus niger, Humicola insolens, penicillium funiculosum, geotrichum candidum, produces protein vacation
Silk yeast, fission yeast, two or more strain combination in candida tropicalis.
The production method of single cell protein forage grass described above further includes sterilisation step after the step 3: will be whole
Material moves into disinfection tank, is sterilized 15~20 minutes or normal pressure boiling sterilization 15 minutes using steam in 100~121 DEG C, after disinfection
Material be cooled to 40 DEG C hereinafter, inoculation it is spare.
The production method of single cell protein forage grass described above, the probiotics expand culture medium prescription by following heavy
Measure the material composition of part ratio: 32~40 parts of wheat bran, 8~15 parts of corn flour, 1~2 part of glucose, 45~55 parts of water, biphosphate
0.2~0.8 part of ammonium, adjust pH value be 5.0~6.5,115 DEG C of water vapours sterilize 20 minutes to get.It can also be suitble to other
The probiotic bacteria culture medium of growth of probiotics.
The production method of single cell protein forage grass described above can use liquid fermentation and culture or solid state fermentation culture
Method.
Rationally, preparation method science is at low cost for inventive formulation design, can be used as the raising animal such as pig, ox, sheep, chicken
Feed.Feed after fermentation is fragrant, and palatability is preferable, can stimulate livestock appetite, increases feed intake；It is full of nutrition, egg
White matter content is higher, true albumen >=20%, and contains 18~20 kinds of amino acid, and component is complete, separately contains multivitamin, feed
Digestibility improves, and daily gain and meat feed ratio increase；Containing there are many probiotics, it can improve and raise Tiny ecosystem ring in animal body
Border inhibits the growth of internal pathogenic bacteria, improves constitution and disease resistance.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. produce single-cell protein feed by primary raw material of dragon fruit pericarp, it both can solve that dragon fruit pericarp is discarded to cause resource
Waste, problem of environmental pollution, and the new sources and production ways of protein feed can be expanded；
2. raw material is easy to get, is inexpensive, process recipe is simple, normal temperature and pressure fermentation, not high to equipment and site requirements, has investment
Few advantage；
3. probiotics metabolism is vigorous, growth rate is fast, and output capacity is high, true protein content >=20% in feed, crude fibre 3-18%,
Economic benefit and social benefit are obvious.
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to
The range that embodiment indicates.
One, probiotics expands the preparation of culture medium
Culture medium prescription 1: weigh material by following weight: wheat bran 4kg, corn flour 1.5kg, glucose 0.2kg, 5.5 kg of water,
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 0.08kg, adjust pH value be 5.0,115 DEG C of water vapours sterilize 20 minutes to get.
Culture medium prescription 2: material is weighed by following weight: wheat bran 3.2kg, corn flour 0.8kg, glucose 0.1kg, water
4.5kg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 0.02kg, adjust pH value be 6.5,115 DEG C of water vapours sterilize 20 minutes to get.
Culture medium prescription 3: material is weighed by following weight: wheat bran 3.6kg, corn flour 1.2kg, glucose 0.15kg, water
5.0kg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 0.05kg, adjust pH value be 5.8,115 DEG C of water vapours sterilize 20 minutes to get.
Two, the production method of single-cell protein feed
Embodiment 1
1. the preparation of probiotics: long handle trichoderma and candida utili being inoculated into probiotics respectively and expand culture medium prescription 1
In, under 25~30 DEG C, aerobic conditions, long handle trichoderma culture 5 days, candida utili culture 2 days, culture was normal in 39 DEG C
It is ground uniformly after pressing forced air drying, the living bacteria count of gained microbial inoculum is greater than 1.0 hundred million/g, and miscellaneous bacteria rate is lower than 30%.
2. dragon fruit pericarp pre-processes: fresh dragon fruit pericarp is directly crushed, it is spare.
3. ingredient: mixed raw material is weighed by following weight: dragon fruit pericarp (in terms of over dry material) 0.3kg, urea 0.03kg,
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.02kg, magnesium sulfate 0.01kg, water 9.64kg, adjusting pH value is 6.0.
4. disinfection: whole materials being moved into disinfection tank, are sterilized 20 minutes using steam in 105 DEG C, the material after disinfection is cold
But to 40 DEG C hereinafter, inoculation is spare.
5. inoculation: material being transferred to round, probiotics (long handle wood is added by the 8% of the mixed raw material gross weight
Mould and candida utili ratio is 3:2), and mix well；
6. cell Proliferation culture: after material inoculation under 30 DEG C, aerobic condition, fermenting 5 days；
7. inactivation drying: being dehydrated, dried under 50 DEG C or less clean environments after fermentation, obtained blocky single cell protein and raise
Expect crude product；
8. crushing: the single-cell protein feed after inactivation is dry is crushed with pulverizer to get single cell protein feeding
Material.
Embodiment 2
1. the preparation of probiotics: geotrichum candidum and candida utili are inoculated into probiotics respectively and expanded in culture medium prescription 3,
Under 25~30 DEG C, aerobic conditions, geotrichum candidum culture 2 days, candida utili culture 2 days, culture froze in -40 DEG C of decompressions
It is ground after dry uniformly, the living bacteria count of gained microbial inoculum is greater than 1.0 hundred million/g, and miscellaneous bacteria rate is lower than 30%.
2. dragon fruit pericarp pre-processes: fresh dragon fruit pericarp is directly smashed to pieces, it is spare.
3. ingredient: weighing mixed raw material by following weight: dragon fruit pericarp (in terms of over dry material) 0.2kg, ammonium hydrogen carbonate
0.01k g, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 0.01kg, tripotassium phosphate 0.01kg, tertiary sodium phosphate 0.02kg, magnesium sulfate 0.02kg, water 9.0kg,
Adjusting pH value is 4.5.
4. inoculation: material being transferred to round, probiotics (geotrichum candidum is added by the 10% of the mixed raw material gross weight
Ratio with candida utili is 1:1), and mix well；
5. cell Proliferation culture: after material inoculation under 30 DEG C, aerobic condition, fermenting 2 days；
6. inactivation drying: being dehydrated, dried under 50 DEG C or less clean environments after fermentation, obtained blocky single cell protein and raise
Expect crude product；
7. crushing: the single-cell protein feed after inactivation is dry is crushed with pulverizer to get single cell protein feeding
Material.
Embodiment 3
1. the preparation of probiotics: aspergillus niger and geotrichum candidum are inoculated into probiotics respectively and expanded in culture medium prescription 3,25~
30 DEG C, under aerobic conditions, aspergillus niger expands culture 4 days, and geotrichum candidum culture 2 days, culture crushed after normal pressure sunlight dries
Uniformly, the living bacteria count of gained microbial inoculum is greater than 2.0 hundred million/g, and miscellaneous bacteria rate is lower than 30%.
2. dragon fruit pericarp pre-processes: it is 15% that fresh dragon fruit pericarp, which is dehydrated to water content, is crushed, partial size is
5mm is hereinafter, spare.
3. ingredient: weighing mixed raw material by following weight: dragon fruit pericarp (in terms of over dry material) 4.5kg, ammonium sulfate
0.3kg, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2kg, magnesium sulfate 0.1kg, corncob 0.2kg, water 4.7kg, adjusting pH value is 5.5.
4. disinfection: whole materials being moved into disinfection tank, are sterilized 15 minutes using steam in 115 DEG C, the material after disinfection is cold
But to 40 DEG C hereinafter, inoculation is spare.
5. inoculation: material being transferred to round, probiotics (aspergillus niger is added by the 5% of the mixed raw material gross weight
Ratio with geotrichum candidum microbial inoculum is 1:1), and mix well；
6. cell Proliferation culture: after material inoculation under 28 DEG C, aerobic condition, fermenting 4 days；
7. inactivation drying: being dehydrated, dried under 50 DEG C or less clean environments after fermentation, obtained blocky single cell protein and raise
Expect crude product；
8. crushing: the single-cell protein feed after inactivation is dry is crushed with pulverizer to get single cell protein feeding
Material.
Embodiment 4
1. the preparation of probiotics: long handle trichoderma and fission yeast are inoculated into probiotics respectively and expanded in culture medium prescription 3,
25~30 DEG C, under aerobic conditions, long handle trichoderma expands culture 5 days, and fission yeast 2 days, culture was after -45 DEG C of vacuum freeze-dryings
It crushes uniformly, the living bacteria count of gained microbial inoculum is greater than 1.0 hundred million/g, and miscellaneous bacteria rate is lower than 30%.
2. dragon fruit pericarp pre-processes: it is 30% that fresh dragon fruit pericarp, which is dehydrated to water content, is crushed, partial size is
5mm is hereinafter, spare.
3. ingredient: weighing mixed raw material by following weight: dragon fruit pericarp (in terms of over dry material) 3.5kg, diammonium hydrogen phosphate
0.1 kg, sodium pyrophosphate 0.1kg, magnesium chloride 0.05kg, bagasse 0.1kg, water 4.6kg, adjusting pH value is 7.5.
4. inoculation: material being transferred to round, probiotics (long handle wood is added by the 6% of the mixed raw material gross weight
Mould and fission yeast ratio is 2:1), and mix well；
5. cell Proliferation culture: after material inoculation under 35 DEG C, aerobic condition, fermenting 5 days；
6. inactivation drying: being dehydrated, dried under 50 DEG C or less clean environments after fermentation, obtained blocky single cell protein and raise
Expect crude product；
7. crushing: the single-cell protein feed after inactivation is dry is crushed with pulverizer to get single cell protein feeding
Material.
Embodiment 5
1. the preparation of probiotics: Humicola insolens and penicillium funiculosum combined inoculation, fission yeast are individually inoculated into probiotics
Expand in culture medium prescription 2, under 25 DEG C~30 DEG C, aerobic conditions, Humicola insolens and penicillium funiculosum culture 5 days, fragmentation ferment
Mother's culture 2 days, culture crushes uniformly after 39 DEG C of normal pressure forced air dryings, and the living bacteria count of gained microbial inoculum is greater than 1.0 hundred million
/ g, miscellaneous bacteria rate are lower than 30%.
2. dragon fruit pericarp pre-processes: fresh dragon fruit pericarp is smashed to pieces to partial size and is less than 5mm, it is spare.
3. ingredient: weighing mixed raw material by following weight part ratio: dragon fruit pericarp (in terms of over dry material) 0.5kg, urea
0.04k g, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.03kg, magnesium sulfate 0.01kg, water 9.42kg adjust pH value 5.8.
4. disinfection: whole materials being moved into disinfection tank, normal pressure boiling sterilization 15 minutes, the material after disinfection was cooled to 40 DEG C
Hereinafter, inoculation is spare.
5. inoculation: material being transferred to round, it is (lonely rotten that probiotics are added by the 10% of the mixed raw material gross weight
Matter is mould and penicillium funiculosum: fission yeast=2:3), and mix well；
6. cell Proliferation culture: after material inoculation under 30 DEG C, aerobic condition, fermenting 5 days；
7. inactivation drying: being dehydrated, dried under 50 DEG C or less clean environments after fermentation, obtained blocky single cell protein and raise
Expect crude product；
8. crushing: the single-cell protein feed after inactivation is dry is crushed with pulverizer to get single cell protein feeding
Material.
Embodiment 6
1. the preparation of probiotics: long handle trichoderma and candida utili being inoculated into probiotics respectively and expand culture medium prescription 3
In, under 25~30 DEG C, aerobic conditions, long handle trichoderma culture 5 days, candida utili culture 2 days, culture was normal in 40 DEG C
Press dry dry rear grinding uniformly, the living bacteria count of gained microbial inoculum is greater than 1.0 hundred million/g, and miscellaneous bacteria rate is lower than 30%.
2. dragon fruit pericarp pre-processes: fresh dragon fruit pericarp is directly smashed to pieces, it is spare.
3. ingredient: weighing mixed raw material by following weight: dragon fruit pericarp (in terms of over dry material) 1.0kg, urea phosphate
0.05kg, sodium nitrate 0.05kg, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.06kg, ammonium hydrogen phosphate 0.02kg, magnesium chloride 0.02kg, magnesium sulfate
0.03kg, water 9.8kg, adjusting pH value is 7.0.
4. inoculation: material being transferred to round, probiotics (long handle wood is added by the 10% of the mixed raw material gross weight
Mould and candida utili ratio is 1:1), and mix well；
6. cell Proliferation culture: after material inoculation under 30 DEG C, aerobic condition, fermenting 5 days；
6. inactivation drying: being dehydrated, dried under 50 DEG C or less clean environments after fermentation, obtained blocky single cell protein and raise
Expect crude product；
7. crushing: the single-cell protein feed after inactivation is dry is crushed with pulverizer to get single cell protein feeding
Material.
Embodiment 7
1. the preparation of probiotics: long handle trichoderma, aspergillus niger, candida tropicalis being inoculated into probiotics respectively and expand culture medium
In formula 3, under 25~30 DEG C, aerobic conditions, long handle trichoderma, aspergillus niger expand culture 5 days, candida tropicalis culture 2
It, culture is ground after -40 DEG C of vacuum freeze-dryings or crushes uniformly, and the living bacteria count of gained microbial inoculum is greater than 2.0 hundred million/g,
Miscellaneous bacteria rate is lower than 30%.
2. dragon fruit pericarp pre-processes: it is 20% that fresh dragon fruit pericarp, which is dehydrated to water content, and it is small to be crushed to partial size
It is spare in 5mm.
3. ingredient: weigh mixed raw material by following weight: dragon fruit pericarp (in terms of over dry material) 4kg, ammonium chloride 0.4kg,
Disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.2kg, magnesium sulfate 0.15kg, cavings 0.25kg, water 5kg, adjusting pH value is 5.0.
4. disinfection: whole materials being moved into disinfection tank, are sterilized 20 minutes using steam in 100 DEG C, the material after disinfection is cold
But to 40 DEG C hereinafter, inoculation is spare.
5. inoculation: material being transferred to round, probiotics (long handle wood is added by the 8% of the mixed raw material gross weight
Mould and aspergillus niger: candida tropicalis=be 1:1), and mix well.
6. cell Proliferation culture: after material inoculation under 25 DEG C, aerobic condition, fermenting 5 days；
7. inactivation drying: being dehydrated, dried under 50 DEG C or less clean environments after fermentation, obtained blocky single cell protein and raise
Expect crude product；
8. crushing: the single-cell protein feed after inactivation is dry is crushed with pulverizer to get single cell protein feeding
Material.
Embodiment 8
1. the preparation of probiotics: aspergillus niger and geotrichum candidum are inoculated into probiotics respectively and expanded in culture medium prescription 1,25~
30 DEG C, under aerobic conditions, aspergillus niger expands culture 5 days, geotrichum candidum culture 3 days, culture powder after 38 DEG C of normal pressure forced air dryings
Broken uniformly the living bacteria count of gained microbial inoculum is greater than 2.0 hundred million/g, and miscellaneous bacteria rate is lower than 30%.
2. dragon fruit pericarp pre-processes: it is 12% that fresh dragon fruit pericarp, which is dehydrated to water content, is crushed, partial size is
5mm is hereinafter, spare.
3. ingredient: weighing mixed raw material by following weight: dragon fruit pericarp (in terms of over dry material) 5.5kg, ammonium sulfate
0.6kg, potassium nitrate 0.4kg, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4kg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1kg, magnesium sulfate 0.3kg, straw 1.5kg, water
6.0kg, adjusting pH value is 5.8.
4. disinfection: whole materials being moved into disinfection tank, are sterilized 15 minutes using steam in 115 DEG C, the material after disinfection is cold
But to 40 DEG C hereinafter, inoculation is spare.
5. inoculation: material being transferred to round, probiotics (aspergillus niger is added by the 10% of the mixed raw material gross weight
Ratio with geotrichum candidum microbial inoculum is 1:1), and mix well；
6. cell Proliferation culture: after material inoculation under 33 DEG C, aerobic condition, fermenting 4 days；
7. inactivation drying: being dehydrated, dried under 50 DEG C or less clean environments after fermentation, obtained blocky single cell protein and raise
Expect crude product；
8. crushing: the single-cell protein feed after inactivation is dry is crushed with pulverizer to get single cell protein feeding
Material.
Embodiment 9
1. the preparation of probiotics: aspergillus niger, geotrichum candidum, candida tropicalis being inoculated into probiotics expansion culture medium respectively and matched
In side 3, under 25 DEG C~30 DEG C, aerobic conditions, aspergillus niger expands culture 6 days, and geotrichum candidum, candida tropicalis are cultivated 3 days,
Culture crushes uniformly after 42 DEG C of constant pressure and dries, and the living bacteria count of gained microbial inoculum is greater than 1.0 hundred million/g, and miscellaneous bacteria rate is lower than
30%。
2. dragon fruit pericarp pre-processes: it is 10% that fresh dragon fruit pericarp, which is dehydrated to water content, and it is small to be crushed to partial size
It is spare in 5mm.
3. ingredient: weighing mixed raw material by following weight: dragon fruit pericarp 4.8kg, urea 0.6kg, sodium dihydrogen phosphate
0.3kg, magnesium sulfate 0.2kg, wheat bran 0.8kg, water 4.5kg, adjusting pH value is 6.5；
4. disinfection: whole materials being moved into disinfection tank, are sterilized 15 minutes using steam in 121 DEG C, the material after disinfection is cooled to
40 DEG C hereinafter, inoculation is spare.
5. inoculation: material is transferred to round, by the mixed raw material gross weight 2% be added probiotics (aspergillus niger,
Geotrichum candidum, candida tropicalis ratio be 3:2:2), and mix well；
6. cell Proliferation culture: after material inoculation under 20 DEG C, aerobic condition, fermenting 5 days；
7. inactivation drying: being dehydrated, dried under 50 DEG C or less clean environments after fermentation, obtained blocky single cell protein and raise
Expect crude product；
8. crushing: the single-cell protein feed after inactivation is dry is crushed with pulverizer to get single cell protein feeding
Material.
Three, application test
1. experimental design:
This test is the comparison of two kinds of method for breeding, is verified with 3 embodiments.A group is control group, with plain edition feed
It feeds；B group is test group, and above-mentioned 5 prepared kind single-cell protein feed is selected to feed at random.See Table 1 for details.
The health pig of the same kind on pig farm, 25 ± 2kg of weight are selected, principle is enclosed in, male and female fifty-fifty divide close by weight,
3 groups are randomly divided into, each group of 3 repetition repeats 6, test period 30 days every time.
1 application test of table designs table
2. Testing index and method:
It weighs on an empty stomach respectively at first day of beginning, the 30th day morning by head, being averaged for pig increases day by day after counting each group forage feed
Weight (kg), each group of 3 repetition repeat 6 every time, and as speed of growth index, see Table 2 for details.
2 average daily gain contrast table of table
3. test result:
As shown in Table 2, experiment group B average daily gain is greater than control group A, and the average daily gain amount of 5 embodiments is suitable, does not have
Significant difference illustrates with the growth speed of pigs of single-cell protein feed of the present invention nursing than quicker with plain edition forage feed.
Single-cell protein feed of the present invention is safe and non-toxic, and the pig of nursing is without morbidity, death condition, and immunity is stronger, and the state of mind is good,
It is gluttonous active, there is wild nature, flesh is good for Mao Liang.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of single cell protein forage grass, which is characterized in that the single-cell protein feed be added in mixed raw material it is beneficial
Microorganism fungus kind fermentation is made, and the mixed raw material is made of the material of following weight part ratio: 2~60 parts of dragon fruit pericarp (with
Over dry material meter), 0.2~10 part of non protein nitrogen, 0.2~5.0 part of phosphate, 0.1~3.0 part of magnesium salts, 0~15 part of regulator,
40~98 parts of water, adjusting pH value is 4.5~7.5, and 2~10% use beneficial microbe strains for accounting for the mixed raw material gross weight are added
Effective total viable count of manufactured probiotics, the probiotics is not less than 1.0 hundred million/g, and through mixing, fermented and cultured is done
It is dry, it crushes, obtains single-cell protein feed.
2. single cell protein forage grass according to claim 1, which is characterized in that containing following heavy in the single-cell protein feed
Measure percent composition: true albumen >=20%, crude fibre 3~18%.
3. single cell protein forage grass according to claim 1 or claim 2, which is characterized in that the probiotics be long handle trichoderma,
Aspergillus niger, Humicola insolens, penicillium funiculosum, geotrichum candidum, candida utili, fission yeast, two kinds in candida tropicalis
Or two or more strain combinations.
4. single cell protein forage grass according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the non protein nitrogen is urea, sulfuric acid
One of ammonium, ammonium chloride, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, urea phosphate, sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate are a kind of
Combination of the above.
5. single cell protein forage grass according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the phosphate is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, phosphorus
Acid dihydride sodium, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, tripotassium phosphate, tertiary sodium phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, biphosphate
One of ammonium and sodium pyrophosphate or more than one combinations.
6. single cell protein forage grass according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the magnesium salts is magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride
One of or more than one combination.
7. single cell protein forage grass according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the regulator is cavings, straw
One of corncob or more than one combination.
8. single cell protein forage grass according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the dragon fruit pericarp derives from dragon fruit
The by-product obtained after processing removes pulp.
9. a kind of production method of the single cell protein forage grass as described in claim 1 to 8 is any, which is characterized in that including following
Step:
(1) preparation of probiotics: by beneficial microbe strain be inoculated into probiotics expand culture medium in, 25~30 DEG C, it is good
Expand culture 2~6 days under the conditions of gas, culture grinds or crushes in temperature≤50 DEG C, constant pressure and dry or vacuum freeze-drying, mixing
Uniformly, the living bacteria count of gained microbial inoculum is greater than 1.0 hundred million/g, and miscellaneous bacteria rate is lower than 30%；
(2) dragon fruit pericarp pre-processes: fresh dragon fruit pericarp is directly crushed or smashed to pieces, it is spare；Or by fresh dragon fruit fruit
Skin is dehydrated to water content 30% hereinafter, crush or smash to pieces, spare；
(3) mixed raw material ingredient: is weighed by following weight part ratio: 2~60 parts of dragon fruit pericarp (in terms of over dry material), nonprotein nitrogen
0.2~10 part of source, 0.2~5.0 part of phosphate, 0.1~3.0 part of magnesium salts, 0~15 part of regulator, 40~98 parts of water adjust pH value
It is 4.5~7.5；
(4) it is inoculated with: material is transferred to round, probiotics are added by the 2~10% of the mixed raw material gross weight, and sufficiently
It mixes；
(5) it cell Proliferation culture: after material inoculation under 20~35 DEG C, aerobic condition, ferments 2~6 days；
(6) it inactivates drying: being after fermentation dehydrated fermentation gross product under 50 DEG C or less clean environments, it is dry, obtain block
Shape single-cell protein feed crude product；
(7) it crushes: gained crude product pulverizer is crushed to get single-cell protein feed.
10. the production method of single cell protein forage grass according to claim 9, which is characterized in that
The beneficial microbe strain is long handle trichoderma, aspergillus niger, Humicola insolens, penicillium funiculosum, geotrichum candidum, Candida utilis
Yeast, fission yeast, two or more strain combination in candida tropicalis.
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| CN102960539A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-03-13 | 广西壮族自治区分析测试研究中心 | High-protein microbiological feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN102960538A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-03-13 | 广西壮族自治区分析测试研究中心 | Unicellular protein feed prepared from fermented dragon fruit peel and production method of unicellular protein feed |
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| CN102960538A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-03-13 | 广西壮族自治区分析测试研究中心 | Unicellular protein feed prepared from fermented dragon fruit peel and production method of unicellular protein feed |
| CN102960539A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-03-13 | 广西壮族自治区分析测试研究中心 | High-protein microbiological feed and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110089619A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-08-06 | 潘国雄 | A kind of Chinese medicine bacteria preparation fermented feed and preparation method thereof |
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