CN109485405A - 耐用型高能性压敏电阻及其制备方法 - Google Patents

耐用型高能性压敏电阻及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109485405A
CN109485405A CN201710822129.4A CN201710822129A CN109485405A CN 109485405 A CN109485405 A CN 109485405A CN 201710822129 A CN201710822129 A CN 201710822129A CN 109485405 A CN109485405 A CN 109485405A
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additive
varistor
grinding
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付国勇
彭重音
邓凡举
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Dongguan Bike Electronics Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻及其制备方法，压敏电阻由氧化锌及添加剂组成，其中ZnO含量为90～100重量份，其余量为添加剂；所述的添加剂由以下重量份原料组成：Co3O4为0.5～1.5，Mn2O3为0.2～1.2，NiO为0.2～1.2，Cr2O3为0.2～1.2，Sb2O3为0.7～1.7，Bi2O3为0.5～2.5，TiO2为4～5，SiO2为2～3，Al2O3为1～2，Y2O3为20～30。通过采用本发明配方和工艺条件制得的压敏电阻，其34S产品可以在10/350波形下承受单次冲击8KA以上，并且，上述各个实施例制得的压敏电阻其硬度提高了50%以上，耐高温性能提高了30%以上，产品更加耐用可靠，使用性能得到了很大的提升，满足使用的需要。

Description

耐用型高能性压敏电阻及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及压敏电阻领域技术，尤其是指一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻及其制备方法。
背景技术
片式压敏电阻器是压敏电阻器的一种，它是用氧化锌非线性电阻元件作为核心而制成的电冲击保护器件。氧化锌非线性电阻元件是以氧化锌为主体材料，添加多种其他微量元素，用陶瓷工艺制成的化合物半导体元件。它的基本特性是电流一电压关系的非线性。当加在它两端的电压低于某个阀电压，即“压敏电压”时，它的电阻值极大，为兆欧级；而当加在它两端的电压超过压敏电压后，电阻值随电压的增高急速下降，可小到欧姆级、毫欧姆级。压敏电阻器与普通电阻器不同，普通电阻器遵守欧姆定律，而片式压敏电阻器的电压与电流则呈特殊的非线性关系。
现有的配方及工艺条件生产出来的34S尺寸的压敏电阻，其一级防护能力（10/350性能）最高能承受单次4KA，并且硬度较低，耐高温性能较差，使用性能较差，不能满足使用的需要。因此，有必要对目前的压敏电阻进行改进。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明针对现有技术存在之缺失，其主要目的是提供一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻及其制备方法，其能有效解决现有之压敏电阻使用性能差而不能满足使用需要的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下之技术方案：
一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻，由氧化锌及添加剂组成，其中ZnO含量为90～100重量份，其余量为添加剂；所述的添加剂由以下重量份原料组成：Co3O4为0.5～1.5，Mn2O3为0.2～1.2，NiO为0.2～1.2，Cr2O3为0.2～1.2，Sb2O3为0.7～1.7，Bi2O3为0.5～2.5，TiO2为4～5，SiO2为2～3，Al2O3为1～2，Y2O3为20～30。
一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻的制备方法，包括有以下步骤：
（1）将按比例称量好的氧化锌和添加剂进行混合，混合后投入砂磨机中进行研磨4-5小时；且在研磨时向混合物中加入适量的水、PVA 溶液、分散剂和消泡剂；
（2）研磨结束后采用喷雾干燥机进行造粒，粒料过80-90 目筛，得到含水率为0.3-0.4%的颗粒料；然后选用压机和模具将颗粒料压制成密度在3.15-3.3g/cm3 的坯片；
（3）对坯片在550-600℃下进行排胶处理24-30小时；再将其投入烧结炉中在1180-1200℃下烧结18-19小时；
（4）经清洗后进行烧银处理，银层厚度为8-10μm，烧银温度为550-580℃。
本发明与现有技术相比具有明显的优点和有益效果，具体而言，由上述技术方案可知：
通过采用本发明配方和工艺条件制得的压敏电阻，其34S产品可以在10/350波形下承受单次冲击8KA以上，并且，上述各个实施例制得的压敏电阻其硬度提高了50%以上，耐高温性能提高了30%以上，产品更加耐用可靠，使用性能得到了很大的提升，满足使用的需要。
具体实施方式
本发明揭示了一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻，由氧化锌及添加剂组成，其中ZnO含量为90～100重量份，其余量为添加剂；所述的添加剂由以下重量份原料组成：Co3O4为0.5～1.5，Mn2O3为0.2～1.2，NiO为0.2～1.2，Cr2O3为0.2～1.2，Sb2O3为0.7～1.7，Bi2O3为0.5～2.5，TiO2为4～5，SiO2为2～3，Al2O3为1～2，Y2O3为20～30。
本发明还公开了一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻的制备方法，包括有以下步骤：
（1）将按比例称量好的氧化锌和添加剂进行混合，混合后投入砂磨机中进行研磨4-5小时；且在研磨时向混合物中加入适量的水、PVA 溶液、分散剂和消泡剂。
（2）研磨结束后采用喷雾干燥机进行造粒，粒料过80-90 目筛，得到含水率为0.3-0.4% 的颗粒料；然后选用压机和模具将颗粒料压制成密度在3.15-3.3g/cm3 的坯片。
（3）对坯片在550-600℃下进行排胶处理24-30小时；再将其投入烧结炉中在1180-1200℃下烧结18-19小时。
（4）经清洗后进行烧银处理，银层厚度为8-10μm，烧银温度为550-580℃。
下面以多个实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
实施例1
一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻，由氧化锌及添加剂组成，其中ZnO含量为90重量份，其余量为添加剂；所述的添加剂由以下重量份原料组成：Co3O4为1.5，Mn2O3为1.2，NiO为1.2，Cr2O3为1.2，Sb2O3为1.7，Bi2O3为2.5，TiO2为4，SiO2为3，Al2O3为2，Y2O3为25。
本发明还公开了一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻的制备方法，包括有以下步骤：
（1）将按比例称量好的氧化锌和添加剂进行混合，混合后投入砂磨机中进行研磨4小时；且在研磨时向混合物中加入适量的水、PVA 溶液、分散剂和消泡剂。
（2）研磨结束后采用喷雾干燥机进行造粒，粒料过80-90 目筛，得到含水率为0.3%的颗粒料；然后选用压机和模具将颗粒料压制成密度在3.15g/cm3 的坯片。
（3）对坯片在600℃下进行排胶处理30小时；再将其投入烧结炉中在1180℃下烧结18小时。
（4）经清洗后进行烧银处理，银层厚度为8μm，烧银温度为550℃。
实施例2
一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻，由氧化锌及添加剂组成，其中ZnO含量为100重量份，其余量为添加剂；所述的添加剂由以下重量份原料组成：Co3O4为0.5，Mn2O3为0.2，NiO为0.2，Cr2O3为0.2，Sb2O3为0.7，Bi2O3为0.5，TiO2为5，SiO2为2，Al2O3为1，Y2O3为20。
本发明还公开了一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻的制备方法，包括有以下步骤：
（1）将按比例称量好的氧化锌和添加剂进行混合，混合后投入砂磨机中进行研磨5小时；且在研磨时向混合物中加入适量的水、PVA 溶液、分散剂和消泡剂。
（2）研磨结束后采用喷雾干燥机进行造粒，粒料过80-90 目筛，得到含水率为0.4%的颗粒料；然后选用压机和模具将颗粒料压制成密度在3.3g/cm3 的坯片。
（3）对坯片在600℃下进行排胶处理30小时；再将其投入烧结炉中在1200℃下烧结19小时。
（4）经清洗后进行烧银处理，银层厚度为10μm，烧银温度为580℃。
实施例3
一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻，由氧化锌及添加剂组成，其中ZnO含量为92重量份，其余量为添加剂；所述的添加剂由以下重量份原料组成：Co3O4为0.8，Mn2O3为1.2，NiO为1.1，Cr2O3为0.8，Sb2O3为1.6，Bi2O3为2.5，TiO2为4.5，SiO2为2.5，Al2O3为1.5，Y2O3为30。
本发明还公开了一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻的制备方法，包括有以下步骤：
（1）将按比例称量好的氧化锌和添加剂进行混合，混合后投入砂磨机中进行研磨4.5小时；且在研磨时向混合物中加入适量的水、PVA 溶液、分散剂和消泡剂。
（2）研磨结束后采用喷雾干燥机进行造粒，粒料过80-90 目筛，得到含水率为0.35% 的颗粒料；然后选用压机和模具将颗粒料压制成密度在3.2g/cm3 的坯片。
（3）对坯片在560℃下进行排胶处理25小时；再将其投入烧结炉中在1190℃下烧结18.5小时。
（4）经清洗后进行烧银处理，银层厚度为9μm，烧银温度为560℃。
实施例4
一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻，由氧化锌及添加剂组成，其中ZnO含量为94重量份，其余量为添加剂；所述的添加剂由以下重量份原料组成：Co3O4为1.2，Mn2O3为0.6，NiO为0.5，Cr2O3为0.3，Sb2O3为1.5，Bi2O3为1.9，TiO2为4.3，SiO2为2.2，Al2O3为1.3，Y2O3为22。
本发明还公开了一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻的制备方法，包括有以下步骤：
（1）将按比例称量好的氧化锌和添加剂进行混合，混合后投入砂磨机中进行研磨4.2小时；且在研磨时向混合物中加入适量的水、PVA 溶液、分散剂和消泡剂。
（2）研磨结束后采用喷雾干燥机进行造粒，粒料过80-90 目筛，得到含水率为0.32% 的颗粒料；然后选用压机和模具将颗粒料压制成密度在3.28g/cm3 的坯片。
（3）对坯片在590℃下进行排胶处理26小时；再将其投入烧结炉中在1195℃下烧结18.3小时。
（4）经清洗后进行烧银处理，银层厚度为8.5μm，烧银温度为555℃。
实施例5
一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻，由氧化锌及添加剂组成，其中ZnO含量为95重量份，其余量为添加剂；所述的添加剂由以下重量份原料组成：Co3O4为0.6，Mn2O3为0.3，NiO为0.3，Cr2O3为0.5，Sb2O3为0.9，Bi2O3为2.4，TiO2为4.8，SiO2为2.8，Al2O3为1.4，Y2O3为26。
本发明还公开了一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻的制备方法，包括有以下步骤：
（1）将按比例称量好的氧化锌和添加剂进行混合，混合后投入砂磨机中进行研磨4.8小时；且在研磨时向混合物中加入适量的水、PVA 溶液、分散剂和消泡剂。
（2）研磨结束后采用喷雾干燥机进行造粒，粒料过80-90 目筛，得到含水率为0.36% 的颗粒料；然后选用压机和模具将颗粒料压制成密度在3.26g/cm3 的坯片。
（3）对坯片在580℃下进行排胶处理29小时；再将其投入烧结炉中在1185℃下烧结18.4小时。
（4）经清洗后进行烧银处理，银层厚度为9.5μm，烧银温度为565℃。
实施例6
一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻，由氧化锌及添加剂组成，其中ZnO含量为96重量份，其余量为添加剂；所述的添加剂由以下重量份原料组成：Co3O4为0.7，Mn2O3为0.2，NiO为0.4，Cr2O3为0.4，Sb2O3为0.8，Bi2O3为1.5，TiO2为4.6，SiO2为2.7，Al2O3为1.2，Y2O3为24。
本发明还公开了一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻的制备方法，包括有以下步骤：
（1）将按比例称量好的氧化锌和添加剂进行混合，混合后投入砂磨机中进行研磨4小时；且在研磨时向混合物中加入适量的水、PVA 溶液、分散剂和消泡剂。
（2）研磨结束后采用喷雾干燥机进行造粒，粒料过80-90 目筛，得到含水率为0.3%的颗粒料；然后选用压机和模具将颗粒料压制成密度在3.3g/cm3 的坯片。
（3）对坯片在600℃下进行排胶处理30小时；再将其投入烧结炉中在1200℃下烧结19小时。
（4）经清洗后进行烧银处理，银层厚度为10μm，烧银温度为580℃。
对上述各个实施例制得的压敏电阻进行一级防护能力（10/350性能）测试，测试结果表明，34S产品可以在10/350波形下承受单次冲击分别为8KA、8.5KA、9 KA、8.4 KA、9.5KA和10KA，并且，上述各个实施例制得的压敏电阻其硬度提高了50%以上，耐高温性能提高了30%以上，产品更加耐用可靠，满足使用的需要。
以上结合具体实施例描述了本发明的技术原理。这些描述只是为了解释本发明的原理，而不能以任何方式解释为对本发明保护范围的限制。基于此处的解释，本领域的技术人员不需要付出创造性的劳动即可联想到本发明的其它具体实施方式，这些方式都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种耐用型高能性压敏电阻，其特征在于：由氧化锌及添加剂组成，其中ZnO含量为90～100重量份，其余量为添加剂；所述的添加剂由以下重量份原料组成：Co3O4为0.5～1.5，Mn2O3为0.2～1.2，NiO为0.2～1.2，Cr2O3为0.2～1.2，Sb2O3为0.7～1.7，Bi2O3为0.5～2.5，TiO2为4～5，SiO2为2～3，Al2O3为1～2，Y2O3为20～30。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的耐用型高能性压敏电阻的制备方法，其特征在于：包括有以下步骤：
（1）将按比例称量好的氧化锌和添加剂进行混合，混合后投入砂磨机中进行研磨4-5小时；且在研磨时向混合物中加入适量的水、PVA 溶液、分散剂和消泡剂；
（2）研磨结束后采用喷雾干燥机进行造粒，粒料过80-90 目筛，得到含水率为0.3-0.4%的颗粒料；然后选用压机和模具将颗粒料压制成密度在3.15-3.3g/cm3 的坯片；
（3）对坯片在550-600℃下进行排胶处理24-30小时；再将其投入烧结炉中在1180-1200℃下烧结18-19小时；
（4）经清洗后进行烧银处理，银层厚度为8-10μm，烧银温度为550-580℃。
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