CN109466381B - Power supply system - Google Patents
Power supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109466381B CN109466381B CN201811622089.XA CN201811622089A CN109466381B CN 109466381 B CN109466381 B CN 109466381B CN 201811622089 A CN201811622089 A CN 201811622089A CN 109466381 B CN109466381 B CN 109466381B
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 280
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 280
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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Abstract
The application discloses a power supply system, comprising: lithium battery, fuel cell, microcontroller, first sensor, second sensor; the lithium battery is connected with the microcontroller through the first sensor; the microcontroller obtains state parameters of the lithium battery through the first sensor; the fuel cell is connected with the microcontroller through a second sensor; the microcontroller obtains the state parameters of the fuel cell through the second sensor; the microcontroller is used for controlling the input and/or output power of the lithium battery and the fuel battery according to the state parameters. The embodiment of the application can overcome the defects of low endurance mileage, insufficient climbing acceleration capability and insufficient energy feedback of the fuel cell system.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of power supply of new energy automobiles, in particular to a power supply system.
Background
The new energy automobile is an automobile which adopts unconventional automobile fuel as a power source (or adopts conventional automobile fuel and a novel automobile-mounted power device) and integrates the advanced technology in the aspects of power control and driving of the automobile, and the formed technical principle is advanced, and the automobile has a new technology and a new structure.
At present, a fuel cell automobile exists in a new energy automobile, but the running distance of the fuel cell automobile is still much shorter than that of a traditional automobile due to the limitation of hydrogen storage energy density and manufacturing cost, and in addition, a fuel cell system has the defects of low endurance mileage, insufficient climbing acceleration capability and energy feedback.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a power supply system, and aims to solve the problem of poor performance of a fuel cell automobile caused by performance defects of the fuel cell.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
The application provides a power supply system, comprising: lithium battery, fuel cell, microcontroller, first sensor, second sensor;
the lithium battery is connected with the microcontroller through the first sensor; the microcontroller obtains state parameters of the lithium battery through the first sensor;
The fuel cell is connected with the microcontroller through the second sensor; the microcontroller obtains the state parameters of the fuel cell through the second sensor;
The microcontroller is used for controlling the input and/or output power of the lithium battery and the fuel battery according to the state parameters.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
a first relay connected to a motor of the vehicle, the microprocessor, and the lithium battery; the microprocessor is used for realizing the connection or disconnection of the lithium battery and the motor by controlling the first relay;
A second relay coupled to the microprocessor and the fuel cell; the microprocessor is used for realizing the connection or disconnection of the fuel cell and the motor by controlling the second relay.
Preferably, the state parameters of the lithium battery include: the state of charge of the lithium battery;
the state parameters of the fuel cell include: maximum output power of the fuel cell.
Preferably, the microcontroller is configured to calculate the input and/or output power of the lithium battery and the fuel cell according to the state parameter, including:
The microcontroller is specifically configured to, when the load power is less than zero, set the output power of the fuel cell to zero;
when the load power is smaller than zero and the state of charge of the lithium battery does not reach a preset upper limit threshold, determining the maximum safe input power of the lithium battery under the state of charge of the lithium battery; the minimum value between the determined maximum safe input power and the charging power of the motor is the input power of the lithium battery;
and when the load power is smaller than zero and the state of charge of the lithium battery reaches the preset upper limit threshold, the input power of the lithium battery is zero.
Preferably, the microcontroller is configured to determine a maximum safe input power of the lithium battery at a state of charge of the lithium battery, including:
Determining the maximum safe charging current of the lithium battery according to the difference value between the state of charge of the lithium battery and the upper limit threshold value of the state of charge of the lithium battery;
determining the maximum safe charging power corresponding to the maximum safe charging current according to a preset calculation rule;
And determining the minimum value of the maximum safe charging power and the factory maximum charging power of the lithium battery as the maximum safe input power.
Preferably, the microcontroller is configured to calculate input and/or output power of the lithium battery and the fuel cell according to the state parameter, and includes:
determining that the output power of the fuel cell is a maximum output power when the load power is greater than zero and greater than the maximum output power of the fuel cell;
When the load power is greater than zero and greater than the maximum output power of the fuel cell, determining that the output power of the lithium battery is zero if the current state of charge of the lithium battery is lower than a preset lower threshold;
And if the current state of charge of the lithium battery is higher than the preset lower limit threshold, determining the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery under the current state of charge of the lithium battery, and determining the output power of the lithium battery on the principle that the output power of the lithium battery is not greater than the maximum safe output power.
Preferably, the microcontroller is configured to determine the output power of the lithium battery based on the principle that the output power of the lithium battery is not greater than the maximum safe output power, and includes:
Determining the output power of the lithium battery as the maximum first power under the condition that the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery is not less than the first power; the first power is a difference between the load power and a maximum output power of the fuel cell;
and under the condition that the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery is smaller than the first power, determining that the output power of the lithium battery is zero.
Preferably, the microcontroller is configured to calculate input and/or output power of the lithium battery and the fuel cell according to the state parameter, and includes:
When the load power is larger than zero and smaller than the maximum output power of the fuel cell, if the current state of charge of the lithium battery is lower than a preset lower limit threshold, determining to charge the lithium battery with second power until the current state of charge of the lithium battery reaches the upper limit threshold; the second power is the absolute value of the difference value between the maximum discharge power and the load power of the fuel cell; the output power of the fuel cell is the maximum output power of the fuel cell;
If the current state of charge of the lithium battery is greater than the preset lower limit threshold, determining the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery under the current state of charge of the lithium battery; and determining the output power of the lithium battery according to the principle that the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery is not larger than the maximum safe output power and the comparison result of the load power of the lithium battery.
Preferably, the micro control is configured to determine the output power of the lithium battery according to a comparison result of the maximum safe output power and the load power of the lithium battery and a principle that the output power of the lithium battery is not greater than the maximum safe output power, where the determining includes:
The micro control is specifically configured to determine that the output power of the lithium battery is the load power when the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery is not less than the load power; and when the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery is smaller than the load power, determining that the output power of the lithium battery is the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery.
Preferably, the determining the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery at the current state of charge of the lithium battery includes:
determining the maximum safe discharge current of the lithium battery according to the difference value between the current state of charge of the lithium battery and the lower limit threshold value of the state of charge of the lithium battery;
determining the maximum safe discharge power of the lithium battery according to the maximum safe discharge current;
and determining the minimum value of the maximum safe discharge power and the factory maximum discharge power corresponding to the lithium battery as the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery.
The power supply system comprises a lithium battery, a fuel cell, a microcontroller, a first sensor and a second sensor; the lithium battery is connected with the microcontroller through the first sensor; the microcontroller obtains state parameters of the lithium battery through the first sensor; the fuel cell is connected with the microcontroller through a second sensor; the microcontroller obtains the state parameters of the fuel cell through the second sensor; the microcontroller is used for controlling the input and/or output power of the lithium battery and the fuel battery according to the state parameters. The power supply system provided by the application comprises the lithium battery and the fuel battery, and the microcontroller determines the input and/or output power of the lithium battery and the fuel battery, so that the battery for supplying power to the motor comprises the lithium battery and the fuel battery, and the lithium battery has the advantages of high energy density and capability of recovering braking energy, so that the defects of low endurance mileage, insufficient climbing acceleration capability and insufficient energy feedback of the fuel battery system can be overcome.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is an exemplary diagram of an application scenario of a power supply system provided by the present application;
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for determining output power of a lithium battery and a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for determining output power of a lithium battery and a fuel battery based on a state machine according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is an exemplary diagram of an application scenario of a power supply system provided by the present application, where a motor in an existing vehicle is connected to the power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present application. The power supply system is used for controlling the input and/or recovery of the electric quantity of the battery so as to improve the performance of the vehicle.
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application, including: lithium battery, fuel cell, microcontroller, first sensor, second sensor, third sensor.
The lithium battery is connected with the microcontroller through the first sensor; the lithium battery is connected with the motor through a bidirectional DC/AC converter; the fuel cell is connected with the microcontroller through a second sensor; the fuel cell is connected with the motor through the unidirectional DC/DC converter and the bidirectional DC/AC converter in sequence; the unidirectional DC/DC converter and the bidirectional DC/AC converter are respectively connected with the microprocessor; the motor is connected with the microprocessor through a third sensor.
The first sensor is used for measuring the charge state of the lithium battery and sending the measured charge state to the microprocessor;
the second sensor is used for measuring the charge state of the fuel cell and sending the measured charge state to the microprocessor;
The third sensor is used for measuring the load power required by the motor and sending the measured load power to the microprocessor;
the microprocessor is used for determining the output power of the lithium battery and the fuel battery according to the parameters sent by the three sensors;
the power supply system further comprises a first relay and a second relay, wherein the first relay is respectively connected with the bidirectional DC/AC converter, the microprocessor and the lithium battery; the second relay is respectively connected with the unidirectional DC/DC converter, the microprocessor and the fuel cell;
The microprocessor is also used for controlling the first relay to connect or disconnect the lithium battery and the motor.
The microprocessor is also used for realizing the connection or disconnection of the fuel cell and the motor by controlling the second relay.
Wherein the unidirectional DC/DC converter is used for regulating the output voltage of the fuel cell to be consistent with the bus voltage platform.
And the bidirectional DC/AC converter is used for keeping the bus voltage platform consistent with the motor and converting direct current into alternating current.
In this embodiment, the meaning of "bi-directional" in a bi-directional DC/AC converter is to allow the battery to power the motor, as well as to allow the energy recovered by the motor to be stored in the battery.
The motor and the third sensor are added on the basis of the power supply system of fig. 2, wherein the motor is connected with the microcontroller through the third sensor, and at the moment, the motor and the third sensor are added to form a power system. The power supply system is used for providing power for the motor, the third sensor is used for collecting state parameters of the motor and transmitting the collected state parameters to the microcontroller, so that the microcontroller controls the input power and/or the output power of the lithium battery and the fuel battery based on the received state parameters.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for determining output power of a lithium battery and a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present application, where an execution body is a device for determining output power of a lithium battery and a fuel cell, and the device may be integrated in a microprocessor, and includes the following steps:
s301, receiving the charge state of the lithium battery, the charge state of the fuel battery and the load power required by the motor.
S302, judging whether the load power is larger than zero, if not, executing S303, and if so, executing S304.
In the step, the fact that the load power is larger than zero indicates that the lithium battery and/or the fuel battery need to supply power to the motor, and at the moment, the vehicle can run at an acceleration or uniform speed; a load power less than zero indicates that the vehicle is braking or decelerating.
In this embodiment, when the load power is less than 0, the kinetic energy of the vehicle is reduced, and at this time, the motor converts the kinetic energy lost by the vehicle into electric energy, and the converted electric energy can charge the lithium battery.
S303, the output power of the fuel cell is 0, and the output power of the lithium battery is determined according to the current charge state of the lithium battery.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
a1, judging whether the charge state of the lithium battery is larger than a preset upper limit threshold, if so, executing A2, and if not, executing A3.
In this embodiment, in order to increase the maximum output power of the lithium battery, the state of charge of the lithium battery needs to be kept at a reasonable level, so in this embodiment, an upper limit threshold and a lower limit threshold corresponding to the reasonable level of the state of charge of the lithium battery are set in advance, that is, when the state of charge of the lithium battery is located between the lower limit threshold and the upper limit threshold, the state of charge of the lithium battery is indicated to be at the reasonable level.
Wherein, in order to ensure the safe operation of the battery, the upper threshold is set to 0.9 and the lower threshold is set to 0.2 according to engineering experience.
A2, the output power of the fuel cell is 0, and the output power of the lithium cell is 0.
In this step, since the load power is less than 0, the motor is not required to be supplied with power, and therefore the output power of the fuel cell is 0, i.e., the fuel cell is not required to operate.
In this embodiment, when the load power is less than 0, the lithium battery may be charged with the electric energy recovered by the motor. In this step, since the state of charge of the lithium battery is greater than the upper threshold, in order to keep the state of charge of the lithium battery at a reasonable level, the output power of the lithium battery is 0, i.e., the lithium battery does not need to be powered or charged.
A3, the output power of the fuel cell is 0, and the output power of the lithium battery is determined according to the vehicle charging power and the current maximum charging power of the lithium battery.
In this step, since the load power is less than 0, the motor is not required to be supplied with power, and therefore the output power of the fuel cell is 0, i.e., the fuel cell is not required to operate.
In this embodiment, when the load power is less than 0, the lithium battery may be charged with the electric energy recovered by the motor. In this step, the state of charge of the lithium battery is smaller than the preset upper threshold, so that the lithium battery can be charged.
In this step, the vehicle charging power represents the charging power that the motor can supply to the lithium battery; in this embodiment, the maximum charging power of the lithium battery is determined according to the current state of charge of the lithium battery, and for convenience of description, the charging power determined according to the current state of charge of the lithium battery is the current maximum charging power of the lithium battery.
Specifically, the current maximum charging power of the lithium battery is calculated according to the current state of charge of the lithium battery by the following formula (1).
Where Pb, chg represents the maximum charge power of the lithium battery, pb, max_des represents the maximum charge power provided by the lithium battery factory, vb represents the charge voltage, ib, max_chg represents the maximum charge current of the lithium battery, SOC b represents the current state of charge of the lithium battery, SOC b, max represents the upper threshold value of the state of charge of the lithium battery, cb represents the polarization capacitance of the battery, L represents the preset step size, Δt represents the sampling time.
In this embodiment, the charging power to the lithium battery cannot be greater than the current maximum charging power of the lithium battery. Therefore, in the present embodiment, if the vehicle charging power is greater than the current maximum charging power of the lithium battery, the output power of the lithium battery is a negative value of the absolute value of the maximum charging power; if the vehicle charging power is not greater than the current maximum charging power of the lithium battery, the output power of the lithium battery is a negative value of the absolute value of the vehicle charging power.
In this step, the output power of the lithium battery is a negative value, meaning that the lithium battery is charged, and the power for charging the lithium battery is an absolute value of the negative value.
S304, judging whether the load power is larger than the maximum output power of the fuel cell, if so, executing step S305, and if not, executing step S306.
In this step, the maximum output power of the fuel cell is determined by the property of the fuel cell, and the maximum output power of the fuel cell is set in advance.
S305, the output power of the fuel cell is the maximum output power of the fuel cell, and the output power of the lithium cell is determined according to whether the current state of charge of the lithium cell is lower than a preset lower limit threshold.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
b1, judging whether the current state of charge of the lithium battery is lower than a preset lower limit threshold value, and if so, executing the step B2; if not, B3 is performed.
B2, the output power of the lithium battery is 0.
In order to make the state of charge of the lithium battery at a reasonable level, i.e., between the preset lower threshold and the preset upper threshold, in this step, since the state of charge of the lithium battery is already lower than the preset lower threshold, in order to prevent the state of charge of the lithium battery from further decreasing, the output power of the lithium battery is determined to be 0.
B3, determining the difference between the load power and the maximum discharge power of the fuel cell as a first difference.
And B4, determining the output power of the lithium battery according to whether the current maximum discharge power of the lithium battery is larger than the first difference value.
In this step, the current maximum discharge power of the lithium battery is related to the current state of charge of the lithium battery, and the present embodiment calculates the current maximum discharge power of the lithium battery by the following formula 2.
Where Pb, dchg represents the maximum discharge power of the lithium battery, pb, max_des represents the maximum discharge power provided by the lithium battery factory, vb represents the charging voltage, ib, max_ dchg represents the maximum discharge current of the lithium battery, SOCb represents the current state of charge of the lithium battery, SOC b, min represents the lower threshold of the state of charge of the lithium battery, cb represents the battery polarization capacitance, L represents the preset step size, Δt represents the sampling time.
Specifically, if the maximum discharge power of the lithium battery is not less than the first difference value, determining the output power of the lithium battery as the first difference value; and if the current maximum discharge power of the lithium battery is smaller than the first difference value, determining that the output power of the lithium battery is the current maximum discharge power of the lithium battery.
S306, judging whether the current state of charge of the lithium battery is lower than a preset lower limit threshold, if so, executing S307, and if not, executing S308.
S307, the output power of the fuel cell is the maximum discharge power, and the output power of the lithium cell is the negative value of the absolute value of the difference value between the maximum discharge power and the load power of the fuel cell until the state of charge of the lithium cell reaches the upper threshold.
In this step, in order to make the state of charge of the lithium battery at a reasonable level, the fuel cell needs to charge the lithium battery in addition to supplying the load power, and thus the output power of the fuel cell is the maximum discharge power. The charging power provided for the lithium battery is the difference value between the maximum discharging power of the fuel battery and the load power.
In the present embodiment, after S307 is performed, S308 is sequentially performed.
And S308, determining the output power of the lithium battery and the output power of the fuel battery according to the comparison result of the current maximum discharge power and the load power of the lithium battery.
Specifically, in this step, two cases are included, the first case is: when the state of charge of the lithium battery is greater than the lower threshold and the current maximum discharge power of the lithium battery is greater than the load power, the output power of the fuel battery is 0, and the output power of the lithium battery is the load power.
In this step, in order to make the state of charge of the lithium battery be at a reasonable level, that is, between the lower limit threshold and the upper limit threshold, when the state of charge of the lithium battery reaches the upper limit threshold, the output power of the lithium battery is required to reduce the current state of charge of the lithium battery, so as to lay a foundation for reaching the reasonable level.
Therefore, in order to make the current state of charge of the lithium battery be at a reasonable level as soon as possible, when the current maximum discharge power of the lithium battery is greater than the load power, the output power of the lithium battery is the load power, and the output power of the fuel battery is 0.
The second case is: and when the charge state of the lithium battery is larger than the lower limit threshold value and the current maximum discharge power of the lithium battery is smaller than the load power, determining the output power of the fuel battery as a second difference value, wherein the output power of the lithium battery is the current maximum discharge power of the lithium battery.
In the step, when the current maximum discharge power of the lithium battery is smaller than the load power, determining the load power of the lithium battery as the current maximum discharge power; for convenience of description, the difference between the load power and the current maximum discharge power of the lithium battery is referred to as a second difference in this step, that is, the output power of the fuel battery is the second difference.
On the one hand, the power supply system in the embodiment comprises a fuel cell and a lithium battery, and the problems of low endurance mileage and insufficient climbing acceleration energy of the fuel cell can be effectively solved due to the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life and the like of the lithium battery.
On the other hand, in the present embodiment, considering that the state of charge and the charge/discharge capability of the lithium battery are made, the output power of the fuel cell and the lithium battery is determined on the basis that the state of charge of the lithium battery is located between the lower limit threshold and the upper limit threshold (overcharge and overdischarge are prevented), and that the charge/discharge power does not exceed the current charge/discharge capability of the lithium battery.
In summary, according to the measures of preventing overcharge and overdischarge and enabling the charge and discharge capability not to exceed the current maximum charge and discharge capability of the lithium battery, the input and output power of the two batteries are distributed, so that the lithium battery can be kept at a good level, and therefore, the lithium battery can be used for making up the deficiency of the fuel battery, and particularly, under the condition that the load of a vehicle is large, such as climbing, the lithium battery can make up the condition that the response speed of the fuel battery is too slow, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the performance of the vehicle.
In the above embodiment, the output power of the fuel cell and the lithium battery under different conditions may be used as the state, and the state satisfying the current condition may be determined by means of a state machine. Specifically, determining a state group by taking whether the load power is greater than zero or not and a comparison result of the load power and the maximum discharge power of the fuel cell when the load power is greater than zero as a trigger condition; and determining the current state from the determined state group according to the comparison result of the current state of charge of the lithium battery, the lower limit threshold value and the upper limit threshold value and the current maximum charge and discharge power of the lithium battery.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, nine states are provided, as shown in the following table.
| Status of | Pfc | Pb |
| S1 | 0 | 0 |
| S2 | 0 | -|Pm| |
| S3 | 0 | -|Pb,chg| |
| S4 | Pfc,max | Pm-Pfc,max |
| S5 | Pfc,max | Pb,dchg |
| S6 | Pfc,max | 0 |
| S7 | Pfc,max | -|Pfc,max-Pm| |
| S8 | 0 | Pm |
| S9 | Pm-Pb,dchg | Pb,dchg |
In this table, pfc represents the output power of the fuel cell, pb represents the output power of the lithium battery, pm is the load power, pfc, max is the maximum discharge power of the fuel cell, and Pb, dchg represents the current maximum discharge power of the lithium battery.
Each state in table 1 represents: s1 (state 1): the output power of the fuel cell was 0, and the output power of the lithium cell was 0.
S2 (state 2): the output power of the fuel cell is 0, and if the vehicle charging power is greater than the current maximum charging power of the lithium battery, the output power of the lithium battery is the opposite number of the maximum charging power.
S3 (state 3): the output power of the fuel cell is 0, and if the vehicle charging power is not greater than the current maximum charging power of the lithium battery, the output power of the lithium battery is the opposite number of the vehicle charging power.
S4 (state 4): the output power of the fuel cell is the maximum output power of the fuel cell, and if the maximum discharge power of the lithium cell is not less than the first difference value, the output power of the lithium cell is determined to be the first difference value.
S5 (state 5): the output power of the fuel cell is the maximum output power of the fuel cell, and if the current maximum discharge power of the lithium cell is smaller than the first difference value, the output power of the lithium cell is determined to be the current maximum discharge power of the lithium cell.
S6 (state 6): the output power of the fuel cell was the maximum output power of the fuel cell, and the output power of the lithium cell was 0.
S7 (state 7): the output power of the fuel cell is the maximum discharge power, and the output power of the lithium cell is the opposite number of the difference value between the maximum discharge power and the load power of the fuel cell.
S8 (state 8): when the state of charge of the lithium battery is greater than the upper threshold and the current maximum discharge power of the lithium battery is greater than the load power, the output power of the fuel battery is 0, and the output power of the lithium battery is the load power.
S9 (state 9): and when the charge state of the lithium battery is larger than the upper limit threshold value and the current maximum discharge power of the lithium battery is smaller than the load power, determining the output power of the fuel battery as a second difference value, wherein the output power of the lithium battery is the current maximum discharge power of the lithium battery.
Specifically, according to the triggering condition, the transition process between the various states is shown in fig. 4, which may include the following cases:
According to the triggering condition, S1, S2 and S3 are a state group, also called a first state group, and the triggering condition is that the load power is smaller than zero. S4, S5 and S6 are one state group, also called a second state group, and the triggering condition is that the load power is larger than the maximum discharge power of the fuel cell. S7, S8 and S9 are a state group, also called a third state group, and the triggering condition is that the load power is greater than zero and less than the maximum discharge power of the fuel cell.
For the first state group, if the current state of charge of the lithium battery is lower than the lower threshold, entering S1, otherwise entering S2 or S3, specifically, entering S2 if the current maximum charge power of the lithium battery is greater than the vehicle charge power, otherwise, entering S3.
For the second state group, if the current state of charge of the lithium battery is less than the lower threshold, S6 is entered, otherwise S4 or S5 is entered, specifically, if the current maximum discharge power of the lithium battery is greater than the difference between the load power and the maximum discharge power of the fuel cell, S4 is entered, otherwise S5 is entered.
For the third state group, if the current state of charge of the lithium battery is less than the lower threshold, proceeding to S7, otherwise proceeding to S8 or S9, specifically proceeding to S8 if the current maximum discharge power of the lithium battery is greater than the load power, otherwise proceeding to S9.
In this embodiment, after determining the output power of the lithium battery and the fuel battery based on the state machine, if the output power is 0, the microprocessor controls the relay connected with the battery to be in a disconnected state; if the output power is not 0, the microprocessor controls the relay connected with the battery to be in a communication state; in this embodiment, when the output power is not 0, the microprocessor is connected to the lithium battery and the fuel cell respectively, and directly controls the output power of the lithium battery and the fuel cell according to the determined output power.
The functions of the methods of embodiments of the present application, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored on a computing device readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, a part of the present application that contributes to the prior art or a part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computing device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a mobile computing device or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, so that the same or similar parts between the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A power supply system, comprising:
lithium battery, fuel cell, microcontroller, first sensor, second sensor;
the lithium battery is connected with the microcontroller through the first sensor; the microcontroller obtains state parameters of the lithium battery through the first sensor;
The fuel cell is connected with the microcontroller through the second sensor; the microcontroller obtains the state parameters of the fuel cell through the second sensor;
The microcontroller is used for controlling the input and/or output power of the lithium battery and the fuel battery according to the state parameters;
the state parameters of the lithium battery include: the state of charge of the lithium battery;
the state parameters of the fuel cell include: maximum output power of the fuel cell;
the microcontroller is configured to calculate input and/or output power of the lithium battery and the fuel battery according to the state parameter, including:
The microcontroller is specifically configured to, when the load power is less than zero, make the output power of the fuel cell zero;
when the load power is smaller than zero and the state of charge of the lithium battery does not reach a preset upper limit threshold, determining the maximum safe input power of the lithium battery under the state of charge of the lithium battery; the minimum value between the determined maximum safe input power and the charging power of the motor is the input power of the lithium battery;
when the load power is smaller than zero and the state of charge of the lithium battery reaches the preset upper limit threshold, the input power of the lithium battery is zero;
the microcontroller is used for calculating the input and/or output power of the lithium battery and the fuel battery according to the state parameters, and comprises the following steps:
determining that the output power of the fuel cell is a maximum output power when the load power is greater than zero and greater than the maximum output power of the fuel cell;
When the load power is greater than zero and greater than the maximum output power of the fuel cell, determining that the output power of the lithium battery is zero if the current state of charge of the lithium battery is lower than a preset lower threshold;
If the current state of charge of the lithium battery is higher than the preset lower limit threshold, determining the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery under the current state of charge of the lithium battery, and determining the output power of the lithium battery on the basis that the output power of the lithium battery is not greater than the maximum safe output power;
the microcontroller is used for calculating the input and/or output power of the lithium battery and the fuel battery according to the state parameters, and comprises the following steps:
When the load power is larger than zero and smaller than the maximum output power of the fuel cell, if the current state of charge of the lithium battery is lower than a preset lower limit threshold, determining to charge the lithium battery with second power until the current state of charge of the lithium battery reaches the preset upper limit threshold; the second power is the absolute value of the difference value between the maximum discharge power and the load power of the fuel cell; the output power of the fuel cell is the maximum output power of the fuel cell;
If the current state of charge of the lithium battery is greater than the preset lower limit threshold, determining the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery under the current state of charge of the lithium battery; and determining the output power of the lithium battery according to the principle that the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery is not larger than the maximum safe output power and the comparison result of the load power of the lithium battery.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
A first relay connected to a motor, a microprocessor and the lithium battery of the vehicle; the microprocessor is used for realizing the connection or disconnection of the lithium battery and the motor by controlling the first relay;
A second relay coupled to the microprocessor and the fuel cell; the microprocessor is used for realizing the connection or disconnection of the fuel cell and the motor by controlling the second relay.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the microcontroller is configured to determine a maximum safe input power of the lithium battery at a state of charge of the lithium battery, comprising:
Determining the maximum safe charging current of the lithium battery according to the difference value between the state of charge of the lithium battery and the upper limit threshold value of the state of charge of the lithium battery;
determining the maximum safe charging power corresponding to the maximum safe charging current according to a preset calculation rule;
And determining the minimum value of the maximum safe charging power and the factory maximum charging power of the lithium battery as the maximum safe input power.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the microcontroller is configured to determine the output power of the lithium battery based on the output power of the lithium battery being no greater than the maximum safe output power, comprising:
determining the output power of the lithium battery as the first power under the condition that the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery is not less than the first power; the first power is a difference between the load power and a maximum output power of the fuel cell;
and under the condition that the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery is smaller than the first power, determining that the output power of the lithium battery is zero.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the micro-controller is configured to determine the output power of the lithium battery based on a comparison of the maximum safe output power and the load power of the lithium battery and on a principle that the output power of the lithium battery is not greater than the maximum safe output power, and comprises:
The micro control is specifically configured to determine that the output power of the lithium battery is the load power when the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery is not less than the load power; and when the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery is smaller than the load power, determining that the output power of the lithium battery is the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery.
6. The system of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the determining the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery at the current state of charge of the lithium battery comprises:
determining the maximum safe discharge current of the lithium battery according to the difference value between the current state of charge of the lithium battery and the lower limit threshold value of the state of charge of the lithium battery;
determining the maximum safe discharge power of the lithium battery according to the maximum safe discharge current;
and determining the minimum value of the maximum safe discharge power and the factory maximum discharge power corresponding to the lithium battery as the maximum safe output power of the lithium battery.
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| CN109904923A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-06-18 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | A kind of uninterrupted emergency power supply and control method |
| CN110048502A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-23 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | A kind of uninterrupted emergency power supply |
| CN114683969B (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2024-04-16 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for controlling loading of fuel cell engine |
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| US6744237B2 (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2004-06-01 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Hybrid power system for an electric vehicle |
| CN202098293U (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2012-01-04 | 武汉理工大学 | Vehicle-mounted direct parallel-connection hybrid system with fuel battery and lithium battery |
| CN202498998U (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2012-10-24 | 浙江大学城市学院 | Fuel cell hybrid energy management control system |
| JP6222049B2 (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2017-11-01 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | FUEL CELL SYSTEM, FUEL CELL VEHICLE, AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING FUEL CELL SYSTEM |
| CN107499155B (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-08-02 | 航天新长征电动汽车技术有限公司 | A kind of mixed motor-car control method and control system based on fuel cell and lithium battery |
| CN108556672B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2020-08-11 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Control method and system of fuel cell hybrid power system |
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