CN109465386B - TiCp/EPS lost foam preparation and steel-based composite material process thereof - Google Patents
TiCp/EPS lost foam preparation and steel-based composite material process thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109465386B CN109465386B CN201811567506.5A CN201811567506A CN109465386B CN 109465386 B CN109465386 B CN 109465386B CN 201811567506 A CN201811567506 A CN 201811567506A CN 109465386 B CN109465386 B CN 109465386B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- eps
- ticp
- lost foam
- steel
- casting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
- B22C7/02—Lost patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
- B22C9/046—Use of patterns which are eliminated by the liquid metal in the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/20—Measures not previously mentioned for influencing the grain structure or texture; Selection of compositions therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a TiCp/EPS (TiCp/EPS) lost foam casting device and a steel-based composite material process thereof, and relates to the technical field of composite material lost foam casting in the field of metal forming. The invention leads the combination between the TiC particles and the matrix to be firm, leads the TiC particles to be dispersed evenly, improves the comprehensive mechanical property of the product, and can manufacture large TiC reinforced steel-based composite material parts with complex shapes by lost foam casting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite material lost foam casting in the field of metal forming, in particular to a TiCp/EPS lost foam casting forming process.
Background
TiC not only takes into account the strong corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, high-temperature stability and good electrical conductivity of the ceramic, so that the TiC can replace expensive and complex-process yttrium oxide and zirconium oxide TiC, and is one of the ceramics most suitable for reinforcing steel-based composite materials due to a plurality of excellent physical properties and chemical properties such as high melting point, high microhardness, high fracture toughness, low density, good thermal stability and chemical stability and the like. Research also shows that the TiC has better wettability with steel, the TiC is well matched with the steel matrix in thermal expansion, and excellent comprehensive mechanical properties of high hardness and high toughness of the composite material are ensured to be exerted, so that the material becomes safer and more reliable in practical application. The method of using molten steel to ignite SHS reaction to successfully prepare the in-situ TiC-TiB2 local reinforced steel-based composite material by Yafeng Yang and the like has the advantages that the tissue of a local reinforced area is compact and uniform, and the molar ratio of TiC/TiB2 is 1: the composite material of 2 has high macro hardness and the best wear resistance.
H.Y.Wang, etc. adopts a reaction infiltration method to successfully prepare the TiC-TiB2 complex phase reinforced steel base composite material, and utilizes the high temperature of molten steel to ignite a Ni-Ti-B4C system to generate self-propagating reaction. Research shows that the reinforced particles are distributed in a steel matrix very uniformly, and the average size is 2-5 mu m.
Yisan Wang et al utilize a cast-sintering technique using in-situ endogenous VC and TiC particles reinforced iron-based composites containing self-lubricating graphite and carbon-chromium compounds, the particles being sintered on the Fe surface during casting. Research shows that the size of the particles is 1-3 mu m, and the interface combination of the particles and the matrix is good.
K. DAS and the like successfully prepare a TiC particle reinforced Fe-0.8% C-14% Mn austenitic steel-based composite material by adopting a molten steel ignition self-propagating reaction method, the actual volume content of TiC particles is 9-10 Vol.% (the design component is 13 Vol.%), and experiments show that the structure of the composite material has great influence on the wear resistance, the combination condition of reinforced particles and a matrix is good, and the interface is clean and pollution-free.
Jilin university utilizes molten steel high temperature to ignite the Al, Ti and C powder mixed powder compact in the casting mold, and synthesizes TiC through the exothermic reaction, thereby successfully preparing the TiC local reinforced steel base composite material. However, the large amount of gas (e.g., Al vapor) released by the violent exothermic reaction causes many pores in the composite material, limiting the application of this technique.
Shenyang metal research institute adopts Ti powder, C powder and pure magnesium ingots as raw materials, adopts 700 ℃, 750 ℃ and 800 ℃, and preserves heat for 1.5 hours under the protection of argon gas, and cools along with a furnace to prepare the in-situ TiC/Mg composite material. The main drawback of this technique is the small size of the composite material produced, which makes it difficult to produce large-size or thick-walled parts due to the limited thickness of the infiltration layer.
The Wangyi-Sandlian uses the reaction endogenetic reinforced particles to prepare the TiC steel-based casting surface gradient composite material. The component ratio (wt.%) is: 15.0 percent of Ti15, 25.0 percent of Cr25, 10.0 percent of Ni10, 4.0 percent of C, 5.4 percent of Si, and the balance of Fe. 3wt.% of borax is also added into the coating material, the coating material is mixed with 7wt.% of water glass, the mixture is prepared into paste, and the paste is coated on the side wall of the PVA cement sand mold, wherein the thickness of the paste is 3 mm; after coating, the casting mold is baked for 4 hours at 180 ℃. The casting adopts a bottom pouring mode, and the temperature is 45# molten steel with 1600 ℃. After solidification, a TiC/Fe surface gradient composite material with the thickness of 4.2mm can be formed. The particle size of TiC in the composite material is 1-3 mu m, the volume fraction of TiC in a subsurface layer is up to 38%, and the TiC is distributed from the outside to the inside. The structure and the components of the Fe-TiC surface layer composite material are distributed in a gradient manner and gradually transition to the parent alloy. Under heavy-duty, dry-slip friction conditions, the composite material exhibits very good wear resistance, but is less efficient to produce.
Chenjun et al successfully prepared the as-cast Fe-20Cr-14 Ni-based composite material with TiC volume fractions of 5%, 10% and 16% by in-situ reaction. The normal temperature and high temperature tensile properties of the composite material are researched, and the fracture characteristics are analyzed. The result shows that the normal-temperature comprehensive tensile property of the TiC composite material containing 5 percent and 10 percent of volume fraction is obviously higher than that of the matrix alloy; when the volume fraction of TiC is 10%, the composite material has the best high-temperature tensile property.
In 2013, the applicant filed a patent (patent number ZL201310329628.1, named as preparation process of wear-resistant surface composite material of high manganese steel cast by using lost foam), and the patent adopts a method for preparing the surface composite material by using the lost foam casting, and the process steps are as follows: preparing water-based paint, wherein the raw materials for preparing the water-based paint are selected from the following raw materials: weighing SiC particles, ferrochrome powder, rare earth, EPS beads and CMC in parts by weight; coating the prepared water-based paint on the surface of a lost foam pattern; and (3) placing the coated lost foam pattern into a drying chamber for baking, coating the water-based coating with a common lost foam cast steel coating, and drying. Assembling boxes, and performing dry sand vibration molding; and (6) pouring. The surface wear-resistant composite material prepared by the process has the surface composite layer thickness of 3-4 mm.
After the implementation, the process further discovers that the surface composite material layer, namely a part of the part, is formed by applying the coating on the surface of the pattern and performing metallurgical reaction on the surface coating layer and molten metal. However, when coating is applied to a pattern, the size of a part cannot be controlled because the thickness of the coating is difficult to control accurately, and thus, great difficulty is brought to mass production. In addition, the thickness of the wear-resistant layer cannot be too thick, and the thickness of the wear-resistant layer can only reach 3-5 mm.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a TiCp/EPS lost foam preparation and a steel-based composite material process thereof, so that TiC particles are firmly combined with a matrix, the TiC particles are uniformly dispersed, the comprehensive mechanical property of a product is improved, the operation complexity is reduced by lost foam casting, large TiC reinforced steel-based composite material parts with complex shapes can be manufactured, the production cost is reduced, the thickness of a wear-resistant layer is increased, and the production efficiency is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a TiCp/EPS lost foam preparation process comprises the following process steps:
step 1: preparing a mixed material: weighing TiC particles, rare earth powder, EPS beads and an adhesive in parts by volume, and uniformly mixing the weighed TiC particles, rare earth powder, EPS beads and the adhesive;
step 2: preheating a mould to enable the temperature of the mould to reach 100 ℃;
and step 3: filling the mixed material into a mould by using compressed air, and introducing steam into the mould, wherein the steam temperature is 110-130 ℃; controlling the pressure in the die to be 0.15-0.25 MPa, and carrying out pressure maintaining operation;
and 4, step 4: and (4) after the pressure maintaining operation is finished, releasing hot steam, spraying water to the back of the mold, cooling the mold to 40-50 ℃, and demolding after the mold sample in the mold is shaped to obtain the TiCp/EPS lost foam mold sample.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the particle size of the TiC particles is 600-2000 meshes.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: and (3) manufacturing the complex pattern in blocks, assembling all the modules into an integral pattern, and assembling the integral pattern and the pouring system into a pattern group.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: and 3, keeping the steam temperature at 120 ℃ for 1-8 min.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the volume parts of the TiCp/EPS lost foam pattern are as follows: 5-15 parts of TiC particles, 1-2 parts of rare earth powder, 80-93 parts of EPS beads and 1-3 parts of an adhesive.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the particle size of the TiC particles is 600-2000 meshes.
A steel-based composite casting process is characterized in that: the TiCp/EPS lost foam pattern prepared by any one of the claims 1-4 is adopted,
the specific process steps are as follows:
(1) coating cast steel lost foam casting coating on the surface of the TiCp/EPS pattern;
(2) placing the TiCp/EPS pattern coated with the coating into a drying chamber for baking, wherein the baking temperature is 50-55 ℃, and the relative humidity of the drying chamber is less than or equal to 30%;
(3) assembling boxes, and performing dry sand vibration molding;
(4) pouring molten steel into the sand box, wherein the pouring temperature is 1350-1600 ℃, preserving heat for 3-12 hours after pouring, turning the box, and shakeout to obtain a casting;
(5) carrying out heat treatment on the casting, wherein the heating temperature is 800-1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-3 h;
the technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the thickness of the cast coating layer of the cast steel lost foam is 1.2-1.8 mm.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: negative pressure pouring is adopted for pouring, the negative pressure degree is 0.03-0.06 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 10-60 minutes.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the lost foam casting coating for cast steel is ZG-1 cast steel coating.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the technical progress that:
the invention ensures that TiC particles are firmly combined with the matrix, the TiC particles are uniformly dispersed, the comprehensive mechanical property of the product is improved, the operation complexity is reduced by lost foam negative pressure casting, large TiC reinforced steel-based composite material parts with complex shapes can be manufactured, the production cost is reduced, the thickness of the wear-resistant layer is increased, and the production efficiency of the ceramic particle reinforced steel-based composite material parts is improved.
The invention mainly adopts TiC particles, rare earth powder, additives, EPS beads and other raw materials, the TiC particles have wide sources and low price, and the cost is reduced. The TiC particles in the hard phase are uniformly distributed in the steel matrix to play a role in dispersion strengthening, and meanwhile, the TiC particles are used as the hard phase to share external load and reduce the abrasion effect on the steel matrix. The EPS beads have certain compressive strength, ensure that the TiC particles do not collapse and agglomerate before being mixed into the molten steel, and simultaneously have good volatility, and ensure that the TiC particles can be quickly gasified and disappear after being reacted with the high-temperature molten steel.
Ni improves the distribution state of TiC particles and the interface bonding performance of the TiC particles and the metal matrix, so that the TiC particles and the steel matrix form a continuous and firm bonding interface, the pores at the interface are reduced, and the reinforcing effect of the TiC particles on the steel matrix is improved. Ni coated on the surface layer of TiC particles can be infinite under the action of high temperatureThe solid solution is dissolved in a steel matrix, promotes the diffusion of alloy elements of the molten steel to the periphery of a TiC particle phase, increases the surface energy of TiC particles, and reduces the wetting angle of the TiC particles and the steel matrix. The coated TiC particles are metallurgically bonded with the interface of a steel matrix, and Fe in the interface area3Ni2The phase is of a face-centered cubic structure, which is beneficial to releasing strain energy and dislocation energy, Fe-Fe3Ni2The step-shaped TiC bonding interface has continuity, so that the interface bonding performance is improved. Ni can lower the critical transformation humidity and reduce the diffusion rate of each element in the steel, so it can improve the hardenability of the steel.
The rare earth element has higher solid solubility in magnesium and higher rare earth content, and the rare earth magnesium has good solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening effects on products, can effectively improve the alloy structure and microstructure, improve the mechanical properties of the alloy at room temperature and high temperature, enhance the corrosion resistance and heat resistance of the alloy and the like. The rare earth element has good aging strengthening effect, and can precipitate stable dispersed phase particles, so that the high-temperature strength and creep resistance can be greatly improved.
The invention firstly prepares the lost foam pattern containing the reinforced particles, and then prepares the composite material by adopting the lost foam casting method, and the process not only can prepare the integral composite material part, but also can prepare the wear-resistant surface composite material part, thereby being suitable for the manufacture of more products. When the surface wear-resistant composite material is manufactured, the prepared TiC particle-containing mould is cut according to the shape and size requirements, then the cut TiC particle-containing mould is adhered to the surface of the EPS mould, and the wear-resistant surface composite material can be obtained at the position after casting, and the size is accurate.
The volume proportion of the TiC particles, the rare earth powder, the EPS beads and the adhesive ensures that TiC in the preformed mould sample obtains good support of the EPS beads, the TiC particles can be uniformly distributed in a space mainly comprising the EPS beads, the density is uniform, segregation does not occur, and the TiC particles prepared at the front edge of the molten metal are uniformly distributed.
The thickness of the wear-resistant layer equal to that of the lost foam is obtained through lost foam casting negative pressure, and the thickness of the wear-resistant layer can be greatly increased by comparing with the process of coating the paint on the surface of the pattern.
The invention is suitable for manufacturing ceramic particle reinforced steel-based composite material part products with complex shapes, is suitable for producing steel-based composite material parts with thin walls or large thickness, and improves the size accuracy of the steel-based composite material products.
The method has the advantages of strong operability, low production cost, high production efficiency, easy realization of industrial production and contribution to energy conservation and consumption reduction.
The invention improves the quality of the steel-based composite material product and refines the grain size; the TiC enhanced phases uniformly distributed on the steel substrate hinder the movement of dislocation, and play a role in pinning the movement of dislocation, so that the effect of dispersion strengthening is achieved. The shrinkage cavity and shrinkage porosity are reduced, TiC particles are uniformly distributed in the matrix, the mechanical property of the part is improved, and the service life of the part is prolonged.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples:
the invention discloses a TiCp/EPS lost foam preparation process, in particular to a lost foam pattern preparation process and a casting forming process using the lost foam pattern. The following are specific examples:
a TiCp/EPS lost foam preparation process comprises the following process steps:
step 1: preparing a mixed material: coating Ni powder on the surface of TiC, weighing TiC particles, rare earth powder, EPS beads and an adhesive in parts by volume, and uniformly mixing the weighed TiC particles, the rare earth powder, the EPS beads and the adhesive. Preferably, the particle size of the TiC particles is 600-1200 meshes. Further, preferably, the volume parts of the TiCp/EPS lost foam pattern are as follows: 5-15 parts of TiC particles, 1-2 parts of rare earth powder, 80-93 parts of EPS beads and 1-3 parts of an adhesive; the rare earth powder is rare earth magnesium powder.
Step 2: the mold was preheated so that the mold temperature reached 100 ℃.
And step 3: filling the mixed material into a mould by using compressed air, and introducing steam into the mould, wherein the steam temperature is 110-130 ℃; controlling the pressure in the die to be 0.15-0.25 MPa, and carrying out pressure maintaining operation; the pressure maintaining time is set to be 1-8 min.
And 4, step 4: and (4) after the pressure maintaining operation is finished, releasing hot steam, spraying water to the back of the mold, cooling the mold to 40-50 ℃, and demolding after the mold sample in the mold is shaped to obtain the TiCp/EPS lost foam mold sample.
If the mould is used for manufacturing the complex mould, the complex mould is manufactured in a partitioning mode, all modules are assembled into an integral mould, and the integral mould and a pouring system are assembled into a mould group.
The TiCp/EPS expendable pattern steel-based composite casting process adopts the TiCp/EPS expendable pattern prepared by the process. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) and coating the cast steel lost foam casting coating on the surface of the TiCp/EPS pattern. The thickness of the cast steel lost foam casting coating layer is preferably set to be 1.2-1.8 mm in the step. A further preferred cast steel lost foam casting coating is ZG-1 cast steel coating.
(2) And (3) placing the TiCp/EPS pattern coated with the coating into a drying chamber for baking, wherein the baking temperature is 50-55 ℃, and the relative humidity of the drying chamber is less than or equal to 30%.
(3) Assembling boxes, and performing dry sand vibration molding.
(4) And pouring molten steel into the sand box, wherein the pouring temperature is 1350-1600 ℃, preserving heat for 3-12 hours after pouring, turning the box, and shakeout to obtain a casting. Negative pressure pouring is adopted for pouring, the negative pressure degree is 0.03-0.06 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 10-60 minutes.
(5) And carrying out heat treatment on the casting, wherein the heating temperature is 800-1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-3 h.
The invention discloses a TiCp/EPS preparation and steel-based composite lost foam casting forming process, which is a novel metal composite preparation process.
The EPS in the invention refers to Polystyrene foam (Expanded Polystyrene is abbreviated as EPS) and is a light high polymer. Polystyrene resin is added with foaming agent, and simultaneously heated for softening to generate gas, so that the foamed plastic with a hard closed-cell structure is formed.
The invention leads the TiC particles to be firmly combined with the matrix, improves the product strength, reduces the operation complexity through lost foam casting, simplifies the process flow, reduces the production cost and improves the production efficiency of the ceramic particle reinforced steel matrix composite material part.
The invention mainly adopts TiC particles, rare earth powder, additives, EPS beads and other raw materials, the TiC particles have wide sources and low price, and the cost is reduced.
The Ni coated on the surface layer of the TiC particles can be infinitely dissolved in the steel matrix under the action of high temperature, so that the diffusion of molten steel alloy elements to the periphery of TiC particle phases is promoted, the surface energy of the TiC particles is increased, and the wetting angle of the TiC particles and the steel matrix is reduced. The qualitative analysis result of the TiC particle and steel matrix composite layer shows that the main phase of the surface interface influence area is Fe3Ni2A phase, a TiC phase and a Fe phase. The interface bonding mode of TiC particles coated by Ni and a steel matrix is not simple mechanical inlaying, but metallurgical bonding with weak reaction occurs, and Fe in an interface area3Ni2The phase is of a face-centered cubic structure and is beneficial to releasing strain energy and dislocation energy, so that Fe-Fe3Ni2The TiC step type bonding interface has continuity, and the interface bonding performance is improved. Ni can lower the critical transformation humidity and reduce the diffusion rate of each element in the steel, so it can improve the hardenability of the steel.
The invention firstly prepares the lost foam pattern containing the reinforced particles, and then prepares the composite material by adopting the lost foam casting method, and the process not only can prepare the integral composite material part, but also can prepare the wear-resistant surface composite material part, thereby being suitable for the manufacture of more products. When the surface wear-resistant composite material is manufactured, the prepared TiC particle-containing mould is cut according to the shape and size requirements, then the cut TiC particle-containing mould is adhered to the surface of the EPS mould, and the wear-resistant surface composite material can be obtained at the position after casting, and the size is accurate.
The invention is suitable for manufacturing ceramic particle reinforced steel-based composite material part products with complex shapes, is suitable for producing steel-based composite material parts with thin walls or large thickness, and improves the size accuracy of the steel-based composite material products.
The method has the advantages of strong operability, low production cost, high production efficiency, easy realization of industrial production and contribution to energy conservation and consumption reduction.
The invention improves the quality of steel-based composite material products, reduces shrinkage cavities and shrinkage porosity, uniformly distributes titanium alloy particles in the matrix, avoids ingredient segregation, improves the mechanical property of parts and prolongs the service life of the parts.
The following are specific examples:
example 1:
a TiCp/EPS lost foam preparation process comprises the following process steps:
step 1: preparing a mixed material: coating Ni powder on the surface of TiC, weighing 10 parts of TiC particles, 2 parts of rare earth powder, 87 parts of EPS beads and 1 part of adhesive according to the volume parts, and uniformly mixing the weighed TiC particles, the rare earth powder, the EPS beads and the adhesive. The particle size of TiC particles is 600 meshes, and the rare earth powder is rare earth magnesium powder.
Step 2: the mold was preheated so that the mold temperature reached 100 ℃.
And step 3: filling the mixed material into a die by using compressed air, and introducing steam into the die, wherein the steam temperature is 120 ℃; and controlling the pressure in the die to be 0.18MPa, and carrying out pressure maintaining operation, wherein the pressure maintaining time is set to be 1 min.
And 4, step 4: and after the pressure maintaining operation is finished, releasing hot steam, spraying water to the back of the mold, cooling the mold to 47 ℃, and demolding after the mold sample in the mold is shaped to obtain the TiCp/EPS lost foam mold sample.
The TiCp/EPS expendable pattern steel-based composite casting process adopts the TiCp/EPS expendable pattern prepared by the process. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) and coating the cast steel lost foam casting coating on the surface of the TiCp/EPS pattern. The thickness of the cast steel lost foam casting coating layer is preferably set to be 1.2mm in this step, and the cast steel lost foam casting coating is ZG-1 cast steel coating.
(2) And (3) placing the TiCp/EPS pattern coated with the coating into a drying chamber for baking, wherein the baking temperature is 50 ℃, and the relative humidity of the drying chamber is less than or equal to 30%.
(3) Assembling boxes, and performing dry sand vibration molding.
(4) And (3) pouring, wherein the pouring temperature is 1350 ℃, the pouring alloy is high manganese steel, heat preservation is carried out for 3 hours after the pouring is finished, and the casting is obtained by turning over and shakeout. The pouring adopts negative pressure pouring, the negative pressure degree is 0.03MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 10 minutes.
(5) And carrying out heat treatment on the casting, wherein the heating temperature is 1000 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 h.
Example 2:
a TiCp/EPS lost foam preparation process comprises the following process steps:
step 1: preparing a mixed material: coating Ni powder on the surface of TiC, weighing 5 parts of TiC particles, 2 parts of rare earth powder, 90 parts of EPS beads and 3 parts of adhesive according to the volume parts, and uniformly mixing the weighed TiC particles, the rare earth powder, the EPS beads and the adhesive. The particle size of TiC particles is 800 meshes, and the rare earth powder is rare earth magnesium powder.
Step 2: the mold was preheated so that the mold temperature reached 100 ℃.
And step 3: filling the mixed material into a mould by using compressed air, and introducing steam into the mould, wherein the steam temperature is 125 ℃; and controlling the pressure in the die to be 0.23MPa, and carrying out pressure maintaining operation, wherein the pressure maintaining time is set to be 5 min.
And 4, step 4: and after the pressure maintaining operation is finished, releasing hot steam, spraying water to the back of the mold, cooling the mold to 42 ℃, and demolding after the mold sample in the mold is shaped to obtain the TiCp/EPS lost foam mold sample.
The TiCp/EPS expendable pattern steel-based composite casting process adopts the TiCp/EPS expendable pattern prepared by the process. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) and coating the cast steel lost foam casting coating on the surface of the TiCp/EPS pattern. The thickness of the cast steel lost foam casting coating layer is preferably set to be 1.8mm in this step, and the cast steel lost foam casting coating is ZG-1 cast steel coating.
(2) And (3) placing the TiCp/EPS pattern coated with the coating into a drying chamber for baking, wherein the baking temperature is 55 ℃, and the relative humidity of the drying chamber is less than or equal to 30%.
(3) Assembling boxes, and performing dry sand vibration molding.
(4) And (4) pouring, wherein the pouring temperature is 1550 ℃, keeping the temperature for 12 hours after pouring, turning the box, and shakeout to obtain a casting. The pouring adopts negative pressure pouring, the negative pressure degree is 0.06MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 60 minutes.
(5) And carrying out heat treatment on the casting, wherein the heating temperature is 900 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3 h.
Example 3:
a TiCp/EPS lost foam preparation process comprises the following process steps:
step 1: preparing a mixed material: coating Ni powder on the surface of TiC, weighing 8 parts of TiC particles, 1 part of rare earth powder, 89 parts of EPS beads and 2 parts of adhesive according to the volume parts, and uniformly mixing the weighed TiC particles, the rare earth powder, the EPS beads and the adhesive. Wherein the grain size of TiC particles is 1000 meshes, and the rare earth powder is rare earth magnesium powder.
Step 2: the mold was preheated so that the mold temperature reached 100 ℃.
And step 3: filling the mixed material into a mould by using compressed air, and introducing steam into the mould, wherein the steam temperature is 110 ℃; and controlling the pressure in the die to be 0.25MPa, and carrying out pressure maintaining operation, wherein the pressure maintaining time is set to be 7 min.
And 4, step 4: and after the pressure maintaining operation is finished, releasing hot steam, spraying water to the back of the mold, cooling the mold to 45 ℃, and demolding after the mold sample in the mold is shaped to obtain the TiCp/EPS lost foam mold sample.
The TiCp/EPS expendable pattern steel-based composite casting process adopts the TiCp/EPS expendable pattern prepared by the process. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) and coating the cast steel lost foam casting coating on the surface of the TiCp/EPS pattern. The thickness of the cast steel lost foam casting coating layer is preferably set to be 1.6mm in this step, and the cast steel lost foam casting coating is ZG-1 cast steel coating.
(2) And (3) placing the TiCp/EPS pattern coated with the coating into a drying chamber for baking, wherein the baking temperature is 52 ℃, and the relative humidity of the drying chamber is less than or equal to 30%.
(3) Assembling boxes, and performing dry sand vibration molding.
(4) And (4) pouring, wherein the pouring temperature is 1500 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 10 hours after pouring, and the casting is obtained by turning over and shakeout. The pouring adopts negative pressure pouring, the negative pressure degree is 0.045MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 35 minutes.
(5) And carrying out heat treatment on the casting, wherein the heating temperature is 1000 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1.5 h.
Example 4:
a TiCp/EPS lost foam preparation process comprises the following process steps:
step 1: preparing a mixed material: coating Ni powder on the surface of TiC, weighing 12 parts of TiC particles, 1 part of rare earth powder, 85 parts of EPS beads and 2 parts of adhesive according to the volume parts, and uniformly mixing the weighed TiC particles, the rare earth powder, the EPS beads and the adhesive. Wherein the grain size of TiC particles is 700 meshes, and the rare earth powder is rare earth magnesium.
Step 2: the mold was preheated so that the mold temperature reached 100 ℃.
And step 3: filling the mixed material into a die by using compressed air, and introducing steam into the die, wherein the steam temperature is 120 ℃; and controlling the pressure in the die to be 0.2MPa, and carrying out pressure maintaining operation, wherein the pressure maintaining time is set to be 8 min.
And 4, step 4: and after the pressure maintaining operation is finished, releasing hot steam, spraying water to the back of the mold, cooling the mold to 50 ℃, and demolding after the mold sample in the mold is shaped to obtain the TiCp/EPS lost foam mold sample.
The TiCp/EPS expendable pattern steel-based composite casting process adopts the TiCp/EPS expendable pattern prepared by the process. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) and coating the cast steel lost foam casting coating on the surface of the TiCp/EPS pattern. The thickness of the cast steel lost foam casting coating layer is preferably set to be 1.4mm in this step, and the cast steel lost foam casting coating is ZG-1 cast steel coating.
(2) And (3) placing the TiCp/EPS pattern coated with the coating into a drying chamber for baking, wherein the baking temperature is 55 ℃, and the relative humidity of the drying chamber is less than or equal to 30%.
(3) Assembling boxes, and performing dry sand vibration molding.
(4) And (4) pouring, wherein the pouring temperature is 1350 ℃, keeping the temperature for 7.5 hours after the pouring is finished, and performing box turning and shakeout to obtain a casting. The pouring adopts negative pressure pouring, the negative pressure degree is 0.035MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 50 minutes.
(5) And carrying out heat treatment on the casting, wherein the heating temperature is 1050 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 h.
Example 5:
a TiCp/EPS lost foam preparation process comprises the following process steps:
step 1: preparing a mixed material: coating Ni powder on the surface of TiC, weighing 15 parts of TiC particles, 2 parts of rare earth powder, 80 parts of EPS beads and 3 parts of adhesive according to the volume parts, and uniformly mixing the weighed TiC particles, the rare earth powder, the EPS beads and the adhesive. Wherein the grain size of TiC particles is 1200 meshes, and the rare earth powder is rare earth magnesium.
Step 2: the mold was preheated so that the mold temperature reached 100 ℃.
And step 3: filling the mixed material into a mould by using compressed air, and introducing steam into the mould, wherein the steam temperature is 130 ℃; and controlling the pressure in the die to be 0.15MPa, and carrying out pressure maintaining operation, wherein the pressure maintaining time is set to be 3 min.
And 4, step 4: and after the pressure maintaining operation is finished, releasing hot steam, spraying water to the back of the mold, cooling the mold to 40 ℃, and demolding after the mold sample in the mold is shaped to obtain the TiCp/EPS lost foam mold sample.
The TiCp/EPS expendable pattern steel-based composite casting process adopts the TiCp/EPS expendable pattern prepared by the process. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) and coating the cast steel lost foam casting coating on the surface of the TiCp/EPS pattern. The thickness of the cast steel lost foam casting coating layer is preferably set to be 1.3mm in this step, and the cast steel lost foam casting coating is ZG-1 cast steel coating.
(2) And (3) placing the TiCp/EPS pattern coated with the coating into a drying chamber for baking, wherein the baking temperature is 55 ℃, and the relative humidity of the drying chamber is less than or equal to 30%.
(3) Assembling boxes, and performing dry sand vibration molding.
(4) And (4) pouring, wherein the pouring temperature is 1400 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 6 hours after pouring, and the casting is obtained by turning over and shakeout. The pouring adopts negative pressure pouring, the negative pressure degree is 0.045MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 15 minutes.
(5) And carrying out heat treatment on the casting, wherein the heating temperature is 900 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 h.
Through detection, the mechanical property of the steel-based composite material part in the embodiment is greatly improved, and the wear resistance of the final steel-based composite material part is improved by more than 33%.
The above examples merely represent one embodiment of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope thereof. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A TiCp/EPS lost foam preparation process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following process steps:
step 1: preparing a mixed material: weighing TiC particles, rare earth powder, EPS beads and an adhesive in parts by volume, and uniformly mixing the weighed TiC particles, rare earth powder, EPS beads and the adhesive in parts by volume: 5-15 parts of TiC particles, 1-2 parts of rare earth powder, 80-93 parts of EPS beads and 1-3 parts of an adhesive;
step 2: preheating a mould to enable the temperature of the mould to reach 100 ℃;
and step 3: filling the mixed material into a die by using compressed air, and introducing steam into the die, wherein the steam temperature is 120 ℃; controlling the pressure in the die to be 0.15-0.25 MPa, and carrying out pressure maintaining operation for 1-8 min;
and 4, step 4: after the pressure maintaining operation is finished, releasing hot steam, spraying water to the back of the mold, cooling the mold to 40-50 ℃, and demolding after the mold sample in the mold is shaped to obtain a TiCp/EPS lost foam mold sample;
the surface of the TiC particles is subjected to wrapping pretreatment by metal Ni, and the rare earth powder is rare earth magnesium; the particle size of the TiC particles is 600-1200 meshes.
2. The TiCp/EPS lost foam preparation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) manufacturing the complex pattern in blocks, assembling all the modules into an integral pattern, and assembling the integral pattern and the pouring system into a pattern group.
3. A steel-based composite casting process is characterized in that: the TiCp/EPS lost foam pattern prepared by any one of the claims 1-2,
the specific process steps are as follows:
(1) coating cast steel lost foam casting coating on the surface of the TiCp/EPS pattern;
(2) placing the TiCp/EPS pattern coated with the coating into a drying chamber for baking, wherein the baking temperature is 50-55 ℃, and the relative humidity of the drying chamber is less than or equal to 30%;
(3) assembling boxes, and performing dry sand vibration molding;
(4) pouring molten steel into the sand box, wherein the pouring temperature is 1350-1600 ℃, preserving heat for 3-12 hours after pouring, turning the box, and shakeout to obtain a casting;
(5) and carrying out heat treatment on the casting, wherein the heating temperature is 800-1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-3 h.
4. Steel-based composite casting process according to claim 3, characterized in that: the thickness of the cast steel lost foam casting coating layer is 1.2-1.8 mm, negative pressure casting is adopted for casting, the negative pressure degree is 0.03-0.06 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 10-60 minutes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811567506.5A CN109465386B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | TiCp/EPS lost foam preparation and steel-based composite material process thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811567506.5A CN109465386B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | TiCp/EPS lost foam preparation and steel-based composite material process thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109465386A CN109465386A (en) | 2019-03-15 |
| CN109465386B true CN109465386B (en) | 2021-01-22 |
Family
ID=65676283
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811567506.5A Active CN109465386B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | TiCp/EPS lost foam preparation and steel-based composite material process thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109465386B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109839030A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-04 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院工程防护研究所 | A kind of base steel metal/block stone composite material and its moulding process |
| CN109909448B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-10-16 | 河北科技大学 | Preparation method of foam model and method for preparing metal matrix composite material |
| CN109926544A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-06-25 | 河北科技大学 | A kind of miscellaneous granules enhancing metal-base composites and its casting method |
| CN110000335B (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2020-08-04 | 河北科技大学 | Casting method of impeller |
| CN111992664A (en) * | 2020-08-29 | 2020-11-27 | 晋城市金工铸业有限公司 | Nodular cast iron surface chromium white wear-resistant casting process |
| CN114807663B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-10-18 | 河北科技大学 | Preparation method of iron-based composite volute cooperatively enhanced by aluminum oxide and chromium carbide |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000288681A (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2000-10-17 | Kubota Corp | Production of cast material provided with ceramic-metal composite layer |
| CN101248121B (en) * | 2005-08-23 | 2012-03-21 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | Method for producing foamed slabs |
| CN102240794B (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-23 | 北京交通大学 | Method for manufacturing steel-based particle reinforced composite anti-wear piece |
| CN102489686B (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2015-03-11 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing ceramic particle enhanced steel-base composite material cast by evaporative pattern casting die |
| CN102886508A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2013-01-23 | 吴建化 | Casting method for fusion of hard alloy or titanium carbide and wear-resistant steel |
| CN203184629U (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-09-11 | 北京电力设备总厂 | Lost foam casting composite abrasion-resistant part |
| CN103394671B (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2016-01-20 | 河北海钺耐磨材料科技有限公司 | The preparation technology of lost foam casting potassium steel abrasive-resistant composite surface material |
| CN104674108B (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2016-09-21 | 中国兵器工业第五二研究所烟台分所 | Tungsten carbide ceramic particle/high-chromium cast iron composite wear-resistant lining plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN108453243A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-08-28 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of ceramic-metal composites preparation method |
-
2018
- 2018-12-21 CN CN201811567506.5A patent/CN109465386B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109465386A (en) | 2019-03-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109465386B (en) | TiCp/EPS lost foam preparation and steel-based composite material process thereof | |
| Kulshreshtha et al. | Preparation of metal foam by different methods: A review | |
| CN104119095B (en) | A kind of sintering metal composite product and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109482813B (en) | WCp/EPS lost foam pattern and WCp/Fe composite material preparation | |
| CN103949640B (en) | A kind of electron beam RP technique is prepared the method for Nb-Si based ultra-high temperature alloy | |
| CN104588617A (en) | One-stage method for preparing metal matrix light-weighted composite material | |
| CN109439998B (en) | Method for preparing TiC-based steel-bonded hard alloy through 3D cold printing and self-propagating | |
| CN105033188A (en) | Aluminum-based dot matrix material based on 3D printing technology and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107353008B (en) | Preparation method of layered metal-ceramic composite material part | |
| CN102861905B (en) | Preparation method of aluminum oxide metal ceramic reinforced iron-based composite | |
| CN104120291B (en) | A kind of TiC, TiB2The preparation method of particle enhanced nickel base composite material | |
| CN106041031A (en) | Preparation method of high-entropy alloy coating layer on surface of casting | |
| WO2002095080A3 (en) | Castings of metallic alloys fabricated in anisotropic pyrolytic graphite molds under vacuum | |
| CN103614586A (en) | Preparation method for Al2O3 hollow sphere/aluminum porous composite material | |
| CN109465387B (en) | SiCp/EPS lost foam and SiCp/Al casting forming process | |
| CN102400028B (en) | Preparation method of metal matrix composite | |
| CN104942268A (en) | Preparation method of copper-based titanium carbide/aluminum oxide surface particle strengthening composite material | |
| CN114178509A (en) | Light high-rigidity three-dimensional network structure magnesium-based composite material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114807683B (en) | Titanium alloy lattice reinforced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108543935B (en) | Method for preparing metal-based SHS (super thin-layer high-resolution) wear-resistant coating by combining 3D (three-dimensional) printing with vacuum lost foam | |
| CN101649398B (en) | Method for synthesizing TiCx particle enhanced nickel base composite material by reaction in-situ | |
| CN114231782B (en) | Preparation method of amorphous particle modified magnesium alloy surface gradient composite material | |
| CN108380818B (en) | Method for preparing metal-based SHS (hard wearing layer) wear-resistant coating by combining cold isostatic pressing with vacuum lost foam | |
| CN110253001B (en) | Method for enhancing strength of iron-based amorphous alloy | |
| JP3237115B2 (en) | Method and product for producing foam of Ti-Al intermetallic compound |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |