CN109464669A - 抗pl2l60蛋白抗体在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用 - Google Patents
抗pl2l60蛋白抗体在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及医药技术领域,提供了抑制PIWIL2基因异位表达的试剂在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用以及抗PIWIL2基因的异位表达蛋白抗体在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。进一步,本发明还提供了抑制PIWIL2基因异位表达的试剂或抗PIWIL2基因的异位表达蛋白抗体的抗肿瘤的药物组合物。通过实验证明,在接种时用KAO3处理人或小鼠肿瘤细胞能够有效抑制小鼠肿瘤的发生。此外,将KAO3注射入已建立的淋巴瘤,乳腺癌,肺癌和子宫颈癌中,能够显著抑制肿瘤生长,并延长荷瘤小鼠的存活。KAO3的抑制效应与肿瘤细胞表面表达的KAO3特异性抗原相关。KAO3通过在G2/M期阻滞细胞周期、抑制DNA合成和活化补体来诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。因此,抗PL2L60mAb(KAO3)是治疗癌症的潜在治疗候选药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医药领域,涉及抑制PIWIL2基因异位表达的试剂、抗PIWIL2基因的异位表达蛋白抗体制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,具体涉及抗PL2L60蛋白抗体在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,以及含有上述试剂或抗体的药物制剂。
背景技术
“癌症免疫治疗”应用免疫学原理和方法,提高肿瘤细胞的免疫原性和对效应细胞杀伤的敏感性,激发和增强机体抗肿瘤免疫应答,并应用免疫细胞和效应分子输注宿主体内,协同机体免疫系统杀伤肿瘤、抑制肿瘤生长,在多种类型癌症中的具有良好治疗功效,因此正受到越来越多的关注。
然而,癌症免疫治疗的靶标在很大程度上是个体化的,大多数靶标仅分布在少数几种类型的癌症中,而非所有类型得癌症中。此外,这些分子靶标也不具癌症特异性,其对正常细胞的功能也是必需的。因此,目前的免疫治疗的瓶颈是缺乏在造血和实体癌症中广泛表达的,特异也广谱的靶标或抗原。
最近,我们发现异化激活的PIWIL2基因的产物——类PIWIL2(PL2L60)蛋白广泛地在各种造血和实体瘤中表达,并通过促进肿瘤细胞增殖和抑制细胞凋亡来介导肿瘤的发生。
PIWIL2通常在睾丸中表达,但在DNA损伤后也可以在体细胞中被激活,并通过重塑染色质促进DNA修复,因此,其在干细胞的自我更新和维持中起关键作用。最近的研究表明,在各种原发性肿瘤和肿瘤细胞系中已观察到PIWIL2基因的异位表达,包括乳腺癌,肺癌、肝癌、膀胱癌、宫颈癌,前列腺癌、胃癌,白血病,结肠直肠癌,结肠癌,卵巢癌和睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤。
据报道,PIWIL2可以通过调节几种信号转导途径来促进肿瘤发生,并通过Stat3/Bcl-XL途径的激活抑制肿瘤细胞的凋亡死亡。然而,PIWIL2在肿瘤发展中的功能仍然存在争议,因为通过商业途径获取的大多数PIWIL2特异性抗体无法从其变体分辨全长 PIWIL2。
在原发性乳腺癌和子宫颈癌中,全长PIWIL2蛋白主要在凋亡性肿瘤细胞中检测到,但在活体肿瘤细胞中检测不到。相比之下,PIWIL2的变体PL2L蛋白(如PL2L60)在各种类型的肿瘤组织和肿瘤细胞系中被大量检测到,表明PIWIL2的致瘤功能主要由PIWIL2 变体介导。
我们和其他研究者发现PIWIL2有多种变体,包括PL2L80,PL2L80A,PL2L60,PL2L60A,PL2L50和PL2L40等蛋白。一些变体似乎被基因内启动子而不是规范启动子转录。虽然全长PIWIL2可以介导DNA修复,作为肿瘤发生起始的屏障基因,并促进肿瘤组织中的凋亡性细胞死亡,但其变体如PL2L60和PL2L60A却可促进肿瘤发生。在上述变体中,PL2L60主要在癌前期干细胞(pCSCs)以及各种类型的人和鼠肿瘤细胞系中表达,其水平远高于全长PIWIL2。在体外实验中,PL2L60通过上调STAT3和BCL2基因,来促进肿瘤细胞的存活和增殖。它也可以与NF-κB协调以促进肿瘤发生,可能代表了各种类型组织中肿瘤发展的共同途径。重要的是,衍生自PL2L60的肽可以作为靶向各种类型癌症的强免疫原。此外,PL2L60在小鼠的睾丸细胞中也被检测到,表明其在配子发生或发育中的作用。
因此,PL2L60蛋白具备作为肿瘤靶标的潜力,但先有技术中,尚无文献对此进行记载,也没有文献记载抗PL2L60蛋白和癌症治疗之间的关系。
发明内容
本发明是为解决上述问题而进行的,目的在于提供抑制PIWIL2基因异位表达的试剂在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,抗PIWIL2基因的异位表达蛋白抗体在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,以及一种新的抗肿瘤药物组合物。
本发明的第一方面在于提供抑制PIWIL2基因异位表达的试剂在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
本发明的第二方面在于提供抗PIWIL2基因的异位表达蛋白抗体在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
上述抗肿瘤药物为抗乳腺癌、肺癌、肝癌、膀胱癌、宫颈癌、前列腺癌、胃癌、白血病、结肠直肠癌、结肠癌、卵巢癌或睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤的药物。
进一步,本发明提供的抗PIWIL2基因的异位表达蛋白抗体为抗PL2L蛋白抗体,具体为抗PL2L80,PL2L80A,PL2L60,PL2L60A,PL2L50或PL2L40蛋白抗体,优选抗PL2L60 蛋白抗体。
在上述变体中,PL2L60主要在癌前干细胞(pCSCs)以及各种类型的人和鼠肿瘤细胞系中表达,其表达水平远高于全长PIWIL2。PL2L60可以通过上调STAT3和BCL2基因体外促进肿瘤细胞的存活和增殖,也可以与NF-κB协调促进肿瘤的发生,这可能代表了各种组织中肿瘤发展的共同途径。重要的是,衍生自PL2L60的肽可以作为针对各种癌症类型的强免疫源。研究结果表明,PL2L蛋白,特别是抗PL2L60单抗表现出直接诱导癌细胞凋亡和抑制细胞增殖、阻滞细胞周期的独特能力,此外,PL2L60蛋白是pCSC诱导的天然发生肿瘤免疫(NOTI)的靶标之一,可能是癌症免疫治疗的常见靶标。
进一步,所述抗PL2L60蛋白抗体为KAO3单克隆抗体,KAO3单克隆抗体序列如SEQID NO:1所示。
本发明的发明人共研发了三种针对PIWIL2的单克隆抗体(mAbs):mAb KAO1、mAbKAO2、和mAb KAO3。在免疫组织化学染色测定和蛋白质印迹分析中,mAb KAO2和 mAb KAO3对PL2L60具有比mAbKAO1更强的亲和力,但由于mAb KAO3专门针对 PL2L60,所以被视为治疗癌症的潜在治疗候选药物。
进一步,由于PL2L60蛋白可以通过上调STAT3和BCL2基因体外促进肿瘤细胞的存活和增殖,所以抗PL2L60蛋白抗体为抑制STAT3或BCL2基因激活的抗体。
进一步,KAO3抗体具有制备PL2L蛋白特异的CRA-T细胞的潜力。
本发明的第三方面在于提供一种抗肿瘤的药物组合物,该药物组合物可以由抑制PIWIL2基因异位表达的试剂以及药学上可接受的辅料组成,也可以由抗PIWIL2基因的异位表达蛋白抗体以及药学上可接受的辅料组成。
发明的作用与效果
本发明通过大量实验证实了PL2L蛋白在各种癌症类型中的广泛表达使其成为实体和造血干细胞免疫治疗的理想广谱靶标,并从各种类型的PL2L蛋白中获得了能够表现出直接诱导癌细胞凋亡和抑制细胞增殖、细胞周期的独特能力的PL2L60蛋白,同时针对该蛋白研究出了抗PL2L60mAb(KAO3)。
通过实验证明,在接种时用KAO3处理人或小鼠肿瘤细胞能够有效抑制小鼠肿瘤的发生。此外,将KAO3注射入已建立的淋巴瘤,乳腺癌,肺癌和子宫颈癌中,能够显著抑制肿瘤生长,并延长荷瘤小鼠的存活。KAO3的抑制效应与肿瘤细胞表面表达的KAO3特异性抗原相关。KAO3通过在G2/M期阻滞细胞周期、抑制DNA合成和活化补体来诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。因此,抗PL2L60mAb(KAO3)是治疗癌症的潜在治疗候选药物。
因此,本发明为用抗PL2L60mAb制备抗肿瘤药物提供了新的依据。
附图说明
图1为PL2L60蛋白在癌细胞中的表达结果。其中,(A)是流式细胞仪测定抗PL2L60单克隆抗体的结合活性结果:流式细胞仪分析平板培养的细胞系(2C4,326t-4,MDA-MB-231,A549和HeLa)表面pl2l60蛋白的表达。采用cells tripper收获细胞,在4℃条件下用PL2L60mAb染色1小时,随后用APC缀合的山羊抗小鼠IgM染色,使用BD C6 软件进行分析;(B)为免疫荧光染色检测的PL2L60在肿瘤细胞表面的表达;(C)为免疫荧光染色检测的PL2L60在癌细胞系中的细胞内表达;(D)和(E)为免疫印迹法结果: Western blotting分析平板中的癌细胞pl2l60蛋白的表达。小鼠B16细胞系包括LLC, E14,326t-4和2C4;人类细胞系包括HCT116、HeLa,HepG2,A549和MDA-MB-231;(F-G):对小鼠和人类肿瘤细胞株pl2l60蛋白表达的定量分析。
图2为抗PL2L60mAb KAO3在体外抑制癌细胞的增殖和诱导细胞凋亡。其中,(A) 相差显微镜下观察到mAb KAO3处理48小时后癌细胞的形态学,棒代表25μm;(B)流式细胞术对抗PL2L60单克隆抗体处理48小时后的癌细胞进行分析;(C)抗PL2L60mAb 在48小时培养结束时对癌细胞的抑制作用;(D)mAb KAO3上清液(μm/ml)对诱导癌细胞凋亡的剂量依赖性作用的总结。
图3为细胞周期分布图。其中,(A)为2C4,326T-4,MDA-MB-231,A549and HeLa细胞系经KAO3处理后的细胞周期分布图;(B)对照组和治疗组处于G0/G1期细胞比例对比。(C)处于S期的细胞比例;(D)处于G2/M期的细胞比例。
图4为KAO3预处理癌细胞对肿瘤发生率的影响。其中,(A)-(E)分别为KAO3 预处理和IgG对照预处理2C4,326T-4,MDA-MB-231,A549and HeLa细胞系后肿瘤发生率,*代表p<0.05,***代表p<0.001。
图5为KAO3对不同阶段的荷瘤小鼠处理的效果。其中,
(A,D,G,J和M):接种KAO3培养上清预处理或培养基(R10F)对照预处理的癌细胞的小鼠肿瘤大小,随后接受对照治疗,其中A:2C4;D:326T-4;G:MDA-MB-231;J: A549;M:HeLa;
(B,E,H,K,and N):接种培养基(R10F)对照预处理的癌细胞的小鼠肿瘤大小,随后接受KAO3或对照治疗。B:2C4;E:326T-4;H:MDA-MB-231;K:A549;N:HeLa;
(C,F,I,L,O)接种KAO3预处理的癌细胞的小鼠肿瘤大小,随后接受KAO3或对照治疗,C:2C4;F:326T-4;I:MDA-MB-231;L:A549;O:HeLa;
(P)不同处理后的肿瘤细胞的大小。2C4:35天;326T-4:30天;MDA-MB-231:100天;A549:100天;HeLa:100天。
图6为补体依赖细胞毒性(CDC)实验分析结果。CDC实验在本发明提到的5种细胞中进行,其中(A)为PI阳性细胞直方图。(B)为PI阳性细胞的统计学分析。死亡细胞的百分比与抗PL2L60mAb的抗肿瘤功效呈正相关。小鼠pCSCs 2C4和人乳腺癌细胞系 MDA-MB-231在CDC实验中显示出最强的溶瘤作用,其次是小鼠淋巴瘤细胞系326T-4和人肺癌细胞系A549。人宫颈癌细胞系HeLa的CDC效应最弱。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明进行详细描述。但下列实施例不应看作对本发明范围的限制。
下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件,或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。除非另外说明,物质的百分比和份数均按体积计算。
本发明中所用的材料如下:
严重联合免疫缺陷(SCID)小鼠:使用8~12周的小鼠,这些小鼠被饲养在动物无害化设施中。
人类细胞系:人乳腺癌细胞系MDA-MB-231,人肺癌细胞系A549和人宫颈癌细胞系HeLa均获自美国典型培养物保藏中心(ATCC,Manassas,VA,USA)。将细胞保持在补充有10%胎牛血清(Gibco)和0.1mg/ml青霉素-链霉素(Gibco)的DMEM(Gibco)中。
小鼠淋巴瘤细胞系2C4和326T-4在实验室中自行制备:将细胞放置在含有5%CO2(v /v)的加湿培养箱中,在37℃下保持在R10F(RPMI 1640加10mmol/L胎牛血清,补充有5mmol/L谷氨酰胺,50mmol/L2-甲基苯乙酮,100U/mL青霉素和100mg/ml链霉素)内。
抗PL2L60单克隆抗体(KAO3mAb,同种型IgM))按照单克隆抗体的常规制备流程在实验室中自行制备,序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
以下对本发明所用到的分析方法以及实验结果进行详细说明。
一、分析方法
流式细胞仪分析
用0.25%胰蛋白酶-EDTA(1mM;Invitrogen)将癌细胞解离1-3分钟,用细胞分选缓冲液(含有1%胎牛血清的PBS)洗涤细胞,然后在4℃下用抗PL2L60mAbs孵育1小时。将细胞与藻红蛋白缀合的山羊抗小鼠IgM(1:250稀释;Bioligend)在4℃孵育30分钟。最终洗涤后,将细胞用含1%FBS的PBS重悬浮,并通过流式细胞术(BD,San Jose,CA, USA)进行分析。
细胞表面和细胞内免疫荧光染色
对于表面染色,收集肿瘤细胞,在PBS中重悬肿瘤细胞,细胞浓度为为5×106/ml,以0.2mL细胞悬液(1×106个细胞/孔)加入96孔板中。旋转细胞(1000rpm,5分钟)并丢弃上清液。在100μLPBS中加入抗PL2L60单克隆抗体KAO3,并旋转5秒。将样品在 4℃下孵育30分钟。用PBS洗涤细胞两次。弃去上清液,加入含有1%多聚甲醛的100μlPBS 至每孔,以固定细胞。
对于细胞内染色,将在盖玻片上培养的肿瘤细胞在2%多聚甲醛中固定20分钟,然后洗涤,随后用含1%牛血清白蛋白的PBS封闭30分钟。在室温下,细胞与抗-PL2L60mAb(KAO3,1:100稀释)在1%牛血清白蛋白中孵育。孵育1小时后,洗涤细胞并与FITC山羊抗小鼠抗体(IgM,Bioligend)共孵育。用4',6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚(DAPI,1:500)对细胞核染色。
Western blot
在用胰蛋白酶收获之前,将细胞样品在冷PBS中洗涤两次,然后用蛋白质提取试剂裂解细胞。使用BCA蛋白测定试剂盒(Beyotime,Shanghai,China)测定全细胞裂解物的总蛋白浓度,然后使用12%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶分离蛋白质,并转移到聚二氟乙烯膜上。
在TBS/吐温20(TBST)中用5%牛血清白蛋白(BSA)封闭后,在4℃下用特异性一抗孵育过夜,用TBS-T洗涤膜5分钟,洗涤重复三次。之后,将膜与辣根过氧化物酶缀合的抗小鼠IgM二抗(Santa Cruz Biotechnology,Santa Cruz,CA,USA)在室温下孵育1 小时,随后用TBST洗涤5分钟,重复三次。然后用ECL化学发光检测系统(Bio-Rad) 对膜进行分析。
在本研究中使用以下抗体:抗PIWIL2多克隆抗体(由我们组制备),并且图像由Kodak Imaging Station 2000R(Eastman Kodak,USA)获得。
CCK-8分析
使用CCK-8分析(Dojindo,Japan)评估抗PL2L60mAb(KAO3)对细胞活力的影响。为了进行CCK-8测定,将细胞与成浓度梯度(1,2,4和8μg/ml)的KAO3在终体积为200 μL的含10%FBS培养基中混合,使用相同浓度的IgG作为对照。然后将连续稀释的PL2L60 抗体或对照IgG以2×103个细胞/孔的密度接种在平底96孔板上。孵育48小时后,将10 μLCCK-8试剂移液到96孔测定板(孔中含有100μL新鲜无酚红培养基)的每个孔中,将板在37℃,5%CO2的湿润气氛中孵育1-4小时。然后使用Max M5系列 (Molecular Devices)记录490nm处的吸光度(A)。
细胞活力计算为(A样品-A空白)/(A对照-A空白)×100%。所有实验重复至少三次,每次实验一式三份。
细胞凋亡测定
在用KAO3处理24小时后,收获细胞并用预冷却的PBS洗涤两次。将IgG2a同种型对照(Biolegend)稀释,然后与含有膜联蛋白V(Biolegend)和碘化丙啶(Sigma)的混合物在结合缓冲液中黑暗中孵育15分钟。使用膜联蛋白V-APC和PI检测凋亡细胞,并使用流式细胞仪(BD,C6)进行分析。早期凋亡细胞用Annexin V-APC细胞凋亡检测试剂盒(Biolegend)进行测定。用碘化丙啶(PI,Sigma)染色检测凋亡细胞核。共进行三次独立实验。
细胞周期分析
将细胞固定在冷冻的75%乙醇中,在PBS中,用含有100μg/ml核糖核酸酶(TiangenBiotech)和50μg/mL PI(Biolegend)的碘化丙啶(PI)溶液进行细胞周期分析染色,细胞周期各阶段的细胞百分数通过C6流式细胞仪(BD)测量。
抗肿瘤试验
将细胞(每200μLPBS中的细胞浓度为5×106)注射到SCID小鼠的腹股沟处。待肿瘤发生后,将携带肿瘤的小鼠随机分为四组:组1:对照→对照组;组2:对照→KAO3;组 3:KAO3→对照组;组4:KAO3→KAO3。KAO3或同种型IgG原位注射两周。每2天用卡尺测量肿瘤的长度和宽度,当肿瘤直径达到2cm时,小鼠被安乐死。
补体依赖性细胞毒性(CDC)分析
补体依赖性细胞毒性(CDC)靶细胞以5×10 4个细胞/孔的浓度接种于平板内。测试抗体以指定的最终浓度加入到活化或热灭活(60℃,30分钟)人血清(25%最终血清浓度;Pathway Diagnostics,Dorking,UK)中。
将平板在37℃下孵育3小时,然后加入细胞活力试剂。将Triton1X-100加入到对照细胞的孔中以建立最大裂解控制。在37℃孵育1小时后,通过荧光显微镜(Olymplus,Japan)测量荧光。
所有的实验数据均来自至少三次独立实验。实验数值以平均值±标准差(SD)的形式表示,实验组与相应的对照通过student t检验(Student’s t-test)进行比较。三组及以上的组通过单因素方差分析(ANOVA)进行比较。当p值小于0.05时,差异被认为是显着的。 *表示p值<0.05;**表示p值<0.01;***表示p值<0.001。使用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线进行存活分析,并使用对数秩检验来测试组之间的显着差异,通过Spearman分析测定相关系数。
二、实验结果
蛋白在癌细胞中的表达
通过免疫组织化学检测,在原发性乳腺癌和子宫颈癌中,全长PIWIL2蛋白主要在凋亡性肿瘤细胞中检出,但活体肿瘤细胞中几乎无检出。相比之下,PIWIL2变体PL2L蛋白(如PL2L60)在各种类型的肿瘤组织和肿瘤细胞系中大量检测到,表明PIWIL2的致瘤功能可能主要由PIWIL2变体介导。因此,PL2L蛋白在各种癌症类型中的广泛表达使其成为实体和造血干细胞免疫治疗的理想广谱靶标。
为了验证这一假设,我们首先使用单克隆抗体(mAb KAO3)对人类和小鼠同源的PIWIL2肽来研究PL2L蛋白在各种类型肿瘤细胞系的细胞表面上的表达。除了细胞质外,还通过流式细胞术和荧光显微镜(图1A-B)在肿瘤细胞系的表面上检测到PL2L蛋白,包括小鼠造血前癌干细胞(pCSCs)系2C4和癌症干细胞(CSC)系326T-4和人乳腺癌细胞系MDA-MB-231,肺癌细胞系A549和宫颈癌细胞系HeLa。
细胞内免疫荧光分析(图1C)显示,Pl2L60蛋白主要在各种类型的人和鼠肿瘤细胞的细胞质中表达,不同癌细胞无显著性差异。蛋白质印迹(Western blotting)数据显示,PL2L60总蛋白在各种类型的人和鼠肿瘤细胞系中高度表达,在pCSCs 2C4的细胞质中的表达量最高(图1D-G)。
KAO3mAb的细胞毒性
在体外实验中,PL2L60可以通过上调STAT3和BCL2基因来促进肿瘤细胞的存活和增殖,它还可以与NF-κB蛋白协调促进肿瘤发生。因此,我们已经开发出通过产生针对PL2L60的单克隆抗体来抑制癌症增殖的抗体。目前还没有关于可以直接抑制增殖并诱导凋亡的抗PL2L60抗体的公开报道。在目前的研究中,我们检查了新产生的抗PL2L60mAb 是否具有这种能力。
KAO3mAb能诱导癌细胞凋亡,如MDA-MB-231,A549,HeLa,2C4和326T-4(图2)。 KAO3治疗前,对照组和实验组癌细胞形态基本一致,对照细胞生长良好,形状多边形,培养48h后,对照细胞的大小均匀。在用抗PL2L60mAb KAO3处理细胞48小时后,在高功率显微镜下观察到细胞染色质丢失,细胞数明显减少,细胞形态不规则,有些细胞变圆。在大功率显微镜下观察到可见的核染色体和减少的细胞质空泡(图2A)。悬浮液中的半独立细胞,凋亡细胞数量急剧增加(图2B和C)。具体地说,在抗PL2L60抗体以不同剂量处理48小时(1,2,4和8μl/孔的mAb KAO3上清液)后,细胞活力降低(图2D)。
这些结果表明,抗PL2L60mAb KAO3可显着抑制五种癌细胞株的细胞增殖(图2D)。总体而言,这些结果表明抗PL2L60mAb(KAO3)可能通过诱导凋亡途径诱导癌细胞的细胞毒活性。
KAO3mAb诱导癌细胞中的细胞周期停滞
图3A显示了抗PL2L60mAb(KAO3)处理后的2C4,326T-4,MDA-MB-231,A549 和HeLa的细胞周期分布。与对照细胞相比,用抗PL2L60mAb(KAO3)处理48h后,癌细胞G0/G1期的比例略有降低,S期细胞百分比几乎没有变化。G2/M期细胞数量增加。 A549细胞的G2/M期细胞数量最多。G0/G1和G2/M期的比例急剧增加,S期细胞百分比在MDA-MB-231和HeLa细胞中急剧下降。G0/G1,S和G2/M期2C4细胞发生最大变化。326T-4细胞没有显着变化(图3B-D)。简而言之,PI/FACS分析表明,抗PL2L60mAb (KAO3)在五种癌细胞系中引起显著的G2/M期停滞。
用抗PL2L60mAb KAO3治疗异种移植瘤
由于抗PL2L60单克隆抗体(KAO3)治疗破坏了癌细胞生长并在体外诱导了癌细胞凋亡,因此研究了KAO3在体内是否可以用于直接抑制肿瘤生长。为了观察KAO3对肿瘤细胞致瘤性的影响,肿瘤治疗方案分为两个阶段:一个是肿瘤发生的初期阶段,另一个是肿瘤治疗阶段。
首先,将人和小鼠癌细胞悬浮在KAO3杂交瘤或培养基的培养上清液中,然后接种到 SCID小鼠中,细胞用同种型IgG处理作为对照。肿瘤形成后,不同治疗组的荷瘤小鼠分为两组,每两天将一组荷瘤小鼠原位注射KAO3,另一组注射同种型IgG作为对照,观察到肿瘤生长。
在肿瘤发生的最初阶段,当平均肿瘤直径接近0.5cm时,对不同组的肿瘤发生率进行计数。我们发现SCID小鼠中pCSCs的肿瘤发生几乎完全被KAO3mAb抑制。在观察的 150天内,只有33%的小鼠(3/9)在接种后第10,67和118天发生肿瘤。,相比之下,对照组的所有小鼠(100%)在接种后3周内均发生肿瘤。用KAO3预处理的MDA-MB-231 细胞接种的小鼠的肿瘤发生率为50%,而对照组为83%。其他三种细胞系的肿瘤发生率为100%,KAO3预处理组与对照组无差异(图4A-E)。
肿瘤生长动力学的进一步分析显示,来自KAO3预处理的pCSCs的一种肿瘤生长速度比来自对照(中等处理)的pCSCs的肿瘤生长相对较慢(图5A)。对照组肿瘤被注射50 μlKAO3mAb上清液后,被mAb显著抑制(图5B)。来自被KAO3mAb预处理的pCSCs,并且在第67和118天生长出的肿瘤几乎完全被mAb抑制(图5C)。结果表明,mAb KAO3 可有效预防pCSCs的肿瘤发生,抑制已建立肿瘤的生长。小鼠造血干细胞(CSCs;克隆 326T-4)和326T-4的相同治疗也导致SCID小鼠中不同程度的致瘤性或肿瘤生长抑制(图 5D-F)。
由于mAb KAO3也识别人PL2L60蛋白,用处理2C4pCSC系相同的方法,用杂交瘤KAO3的培养上清液处理人乳腺癌细胞系MDA-MB-231,人肺癌细胞系A549和人宫颈癌细胞系HeLa,并观察到了类似的结果,即、KAO3mAb也可以有效抑制人类癌细胞的肿瘤发生和SCID小鼠中已建立的肿瘤的生长(图5G-P)。结果表明,mAb KAO3可以有效地杀死或抑制人和小鼠的癌细胞。
mAb KAO3的作用似乎并不局限于两种肿瘤,因为鼠类造血干细胞(CSCs;克隆326T-4),人肺癌细胞系A549和人宫颈癌细胞系HeLa的相同治疗也使不同程度的致瘤性或SCID小鼠的肿瘤生长抑制作用。这些结果证实了我们的发现,KAO3在降低肿瘤生长方面具有比对照更高的治疗功效。KAO3显示能够抑制体内人和小鼠肿瘤生长的生长。
mAb KAO3的补体依赖性细胞毒性(CDC)
抗肿瘤治疗效果与补体依赖性细胞毒性的肿瘤细胞表面PL2L60蛋白的表达水平正相关,因为在体外补体存在下,mAb可以杀死肿瘤细胞。因此,PL2L60蛋白也是癌症被动免疫治疗的合适靶标。
结果表明,小鼠pCSC系2C4和人乳腺癌细胞系MDA-MB-231在CDC实验中显示出最强的溶瘤作用,其次是小鼠淋巴瘤细胞系326T-4和人肺癌细胞系A549。人宫颈癌细胞系HeLa的CDC效应最弱(图6A-B)。这些结果与PL2L60蛋白在癌细胞表面的表达水平一致。进一步表明抗PL2L60的mAb KAO3是肿瘤细胞表面的PL2L60蛋白的靶标, KAO3可通过CDC依赖机制发挥其抗肿瘤作用。
综上,靶向PL2L60和/或抑制STAT3和BCL2激活的治疗性抗体的发展具有消除肿瘤的巨大潜力。
在本研究中,我们使用自己实验室开发的mAb KAO3来检验PL2L蛋白是否是癌症免疫治疗的常见靶标。mAb KAO3抑制肿瘤发生和肿瘤生长的差异表达似乎与癌细胞系(图1A-B)之间的表面KAO3特异性抗原(即PL2L蛋白)的表达相关,但与细胞内表达无关 (图1C-G),因为KAO3mAb抑制肿瘤发生的能力与表面KAO3+细胞的百分比相关。 HeLa和326T-4细胞系比其他品系含有较少的KAO3+细胞,对mAb KAO3处理的敏感性较低(图5)。因此,mAb KAO3的治疗功效由表面PL2L蛋白质表达量决定。
抗PL2L60抗体在体内抑制肿瘤的机制仍不清楚。没有公布的研究已经证明了在临床环境中抗PL2L60抗体直接诱导癌细胞凋亡,因此目前尚不清楚这种抗体是否可以直接抑制肿瘤细胞增殖。本研究中,KAO3mAb处理抑制人和小鼠癌细胞的增殖,并以剂量依赖的方式显着提高细胞周期G2/M期细胞的百分比,特别是处于S期的2S4细胞的百分比显著降低。
我们研究了KAO3的抗肿瘤作用,其对癌细胞的细胞生长具有很强的抑制作用。我们证明KAO3剂量依赖性地在G2/M期诱导细胞周期停滞,随后进展为细胞凋亡(图2-3),其可能与微管解聚或抑制NF-κB和STAT3核易位相关,进而抑制转录活性。在肿瘤异种移植模型中,KAO3有效地延缓肿瘤生长(图4-5)。我们的研究结果提供了我们的抗PL2L60 抗体能够抑制肿瘤细胞增殖并诱导凋亡的直接证据。
结果表明,PL2L蛋白是癌症免疫治疗的有效靶标。我们首次发现mAb KAO3能够识别在各种类型的肿瘤细胞系上表达的表面PL2L蛋白质,包括淋巴瘤,黑素瘤,乳腺癌,肺癌和子宫颈癌。mAb KAO3通过诱导G2/M期的细胞周期停滞以及补体的激活,在体内能够有效抑制人和小鼠肿瘤发生,在体外肿能够抑制瘤细胞增殖。其抑制作用与肿瘤细胞系中表面KAO3+细胞的数量密切相关。
PL2L60在细胞表面的低表达有可能在体外和体内对KAO3的治疗产生显著反应,这与这些癌细胞的干/祖细胞性质有关。pCCs高水平表达PL2L60对mAb KAO3的致瘤性抑制更敏感,因为KAO3mAb对肿瘤干细胞/祖细胞的抑制比对非干细胞癌细胞的作用更有效。值得注意的是,细胞系中荷PL2L60低的癌细胞与较低的肿瘤生长率有关。这表明携带PL2L60的癌细胞可能代表各种发育阶段的干细胞/祖细胞癌细胞,或代表KAO3mAb 的唯一靶标。这些结果验证了PL2L蛋白在肿瘤发生中起关键作用,因此是癌症免疫治疗的有效常用靶标。我们的发现为癌症免疫治疗癌症的治疗提供了一个新的场所。
总之,pl2l60可能是一个有希望的癌症治疗的目标抗原。作为pl2l60特定的抗原表位,所有的数据表明KAO3单克隆抗体的抗肿瘤活性是显著的。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等同物界定。
序列表
<110> 上海易范科生物科技有限公司
<120> 抗PL2L60蛋白抗体在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用
<130> 2017
<141> 2017-09-07
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 1382
<212> PRT
<213> KAO3
<400> 1
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Claims (10)
1.抑制PIWIL2基因异位表达的试剂在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
2.抗PIWIL2基因的异位表达蛋白抗体在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
3.根据权利要求2所述的抗PIWIL2基因的异位表达蛋白抗体在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,其特征在于:
其中,所述的抗PIWIL2基因的异位表达蛋白抗体为抗PL2L蛋白抗体。
4.根据权利要求3所述的抗PIWIL2基因的异位表达蛋白抗体在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,其特征在于:
其中,所述抗PL2L蛋白抗体为抗PL2L80,PL2L80A,PL2L60,PL2L60A,PL2L50或PL2L40蛋白抗体。
5.根据权利要求4所述的抗PIWIL2基因的异位表达蛋白抗体在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,其特征在于:
其中,所述抗PL2L蛋白抗体为抗PL2L60蛋白抗体。
6.根据权利要求5所述的抗PIWIL2基因的异位表达蛋白抗体在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,其特征在于:
其中,所述抗PL2L60蛋白抗体为KAO3单克隆抗体,所述KAO3单克隆抗体序列如SEQ IDNO:1所示。
7.根据权利要求5所述的抗PIWIL2基因的异位表达蛋白抗体在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,其特征在于:
其中,所述抗PL2L60蛋白抗体为抑制STAT3或BCL2基因激活的抗体。
8.根据权利要求2所述抗PIWIL2基因的异位表达蛋白抗体在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,其特征在于:
其中,所述肿瘤为乳腺癌,肺癌、肝癌、宫颈癌,胃癌,白血病,结肠直肠癌,结肠癌,卵巢癌和睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤。
9.一种抗肿瘤的药物组合物,其特征在于:
由权利要求1所述的抑制PIWIL2基因异位表达的试剂以及药学上可接受的辅料组成。
10.一种抗肿瘤的药物组合物,其特征在于:
由权利要求2所述的抗PIWIL2基因的异位表达蛋白抗体以及药学上可接受的辅料组成。
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JP2019517939A JP2020500153A (ja) | 2017-09-07 | 2018-04-09 | 抗pl2l60タンパク質抗体の抗腫瘍薬の製造における応用及び腫瘍治療方法 |
PCT/CN2018/082380 WO2019047520A1 (zh) | 2017-09-07 | 2018-04-09 | 抗pl2l60蛋白抗体在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用及治疗肿瘤的方法 |
US16/346,631 US20200055950A1 (en) | 2017-09-07 | 2018-04-09 | Use of anti-pl2l60 protein antibody in preparation of anti-tumor medicine and method for treating tumor |
EP18854307.8A EP3501539A4 (en) | 2017-09-07 | 2018-04-09 | APPLICATION OF ANTI-PL2L60 PROTEIN ANTIBODY IN THE PREPARATION OF AN ANTI-TUMOR DRUG AND METHOD FOR TREATING TUMORS |
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CN109541212A (zh) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-03-29 | 上海易范科生物科技有限公司 | Pl2l60蛋白在制备早期筛查或诊断肿瘤试剂盒中的应用 |
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WO2012051282A2 (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2012-04-19 | The Ohio State University Research Foundation | Piwil2-like (pl2l) proteins-targeted cancer diagnosis and therapy |
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WO2012051282A2 (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2012-04-19 | The Ohio State University Research Foundation | Piwil2-like (pl2l) proteins-targeted cancer diagnosis and therapy |
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CN109541212A (zh) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-03-29 | 上海易范科生物科技有限公司 | Pl2l60蛋白在制备早期筛查或诊断肿瘤试剂盒中的应用 |
CN112213488A (zh) * | 2018-11-21 | 2021-01-12 | 上海易范科生物科技有限公司 | Pl2l60蛋白在制备早期筛查或诊断肿瘤试剂盒中的应用 |
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