CN109452539A - The biodegrading process of mycotoxin and less toxic fermentative feedstuff of microbe in corn and wheat and its converted products - Google Patents
The biodegrading process of mycotoxin and less toxic fermentative feedstuff of microbe in corn and wheat and its converted products Download PDFInfo
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- CN109452539A CN109452539A CN201811354258.6A CN201811354258A CN109452539A CN 109452539 A CN109452539 A CN 109452539A CN 201811354258 A CN201811354258 A CN 201811354258A CN 109452539 A CN109452539 A CN 109452539A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
- A23L5/28—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification using microorganisms
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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Abstract
The present invention provides the biodegrading process of mycotoxin and less toxic fermentative feedstuff of microbe in corn and wheat and its converted products, belong to technique for producing feed field, the present invention is in such a way that liquid-solid fermentation combines, feed substrate is handled with degrading mold toxin enzyme and leavening, the degrading mold toxin in feed substrate is fallen during the fermentation, the toxicity of feed substrate and manufactured feed is reduced, and does not need to avoid nutriment caused by adsorbent absorption using adsorbent and lose.After handling feed substrate by the above method, the mould poison toxin degradation rate in substrate is up to 50%-90%, can significantly reduce the toxicity in feed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to feed preparation fields, in particular to mycotoxin in corn and wheat and its converted products
Biodegrading process and less toxic fermentative feedstuff of microbe.
Background technique
Mycotoxins in feed is very harmful to aquaculture.It is especially yellow such as in corn and wheat and its converted products
The content of the mycotoxins such as aspertoxin, zearalenone, fumonisin, vomitoxin, T-2 toxin, ochratoxin is big,
It endangers also big.
Aflatoxin is mainly to be produced by aspergillus flavus (aspergillus flavus) aspergillus parasiticus (a.parasiticus)
Raw secondary metabolite, they are present in soil, animals and plants, in various nuts, are especially easy pollution peanut, corn, rice
The grain oil products such as rice, soybean, corn and wheat are the maximum a kind of mycotoxins of mycotoxicosis.Aflatoxin can
Cause degeneration of liver cells, necrosis, bleeding；Influence the synthesis and duplication of DNA, RNA；Inhibit cell division, the conjunction of protein, fat
At the metabolism with mitochondria；Destroy the structure and function of lysosome；Also there is carcinogenic, mutagenesis and cause abnormalities etc..
Zearalenone (Zearalenone) is also known as F-2 toxin, it is separated from the corn for have head blight first
It arrives.Its toxigenic bacterium of zearalenone is mainly the bacterium dwarf of Fusarium (Fusarium), such as Fusarium graminearum
(F.graminearum) and fusarium tricinctum (F.tricinctum), yellow fusarium (Fusarium culmorum), scouring rush's sickle
Spore (Fusarium equiseti), F.semitectum (Fusarium sernitectum), fusariun solani (Fusarium
The strains such as solani).Zearalenone is the metabolite of Gibberella zeae bacterium, and zearalenone is made with estrogen-like
With can cause animal acute and chronic poisoning, cause Reproduction abnormal or even dead.
Vomitoxin (vomitoxin), also known as deoxynivalenol (DON), chemistry entitled 3 α, 7 α, 15 13
Hydroxyl grass Fusariumsp -9- alkene -8- ketone, belong to trichothecene, it be usually by be grown in cereal article (such as corn and
Wheat, corn, barley and stover) mould fusarubin generate.With very high cytotoxin and immunosupress property, because
This, constitutes threat to the health of the mankind and animal, especially has apparent influence to immune function.According to the dosage of DON
It is different with exposure duration to cause immunosupress or immunostimulation.After humans and animals have taken in the food polluted by DON, it can lead
The acute poisonings symptom such as anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, astasia, slow in reacting is caused, hemopoietic system is damaged when serious and is caused
It is dead.
T-2 toxin is by a variety of fungies, the mainly trichothecene of fusarium tricinctum generation
One of (trichothecenes, TS).T-2 toxin can stimulate skin and mucous membrane, cause oral cavity and intestinal mucosa ulcer and necrosis,
Lead to vomiting and diarrhea；Toxin, which enters, can generate cytotoxicity in blood, vascular endothelial cell injury destroys the complete of vascular wall
Whole property, distends the blood vessels, is congested, permeability increases, and causes each organ hemorrhage of whole body.
Ochratoxin is the one group of important, pollution generated by 7 kinds of aspergillus of aspergillus and 6 kinds of Penicillium notatums of Penicillium
The mycotoxin of food, wherein especially with the toxicity of ochratoxin A it is maximum, distribution is most wide, produces poison amount highest.Ochratoxin
Main infringement animal's liver and kidney.Acute poisoning reaction is spiritual depressed, appetite stimulator, weight loss, the raising of anus temperature.Digestion
Dysfunction, the bleeding of enteritis Visual mucous membrane or even diarrhea are dehydrated diuresis, with albuminuria and glycosuria.Pregnant dam Uterine mucosa
Bleeding tends to occur miscarry.
Corn and wheat fumonisin can cause people and animals' acute poisoning and chronic toxicity, and have species specificity and device
Official's specificity, the disease that different animals generates is different, and corresponding tolerance limit also has very big difference.
Currently, mainly removing mycotoxin by adding mold toxin sorbent into feed.But effect is bad, and problem is not
It is few.Such as: mold toxin sorbent is only effective to polar aflatoxin, to low pole and nonpolar mycotoxin (corn
Zeranol, vomitoxin, T-2 toxin, ochratoxin etc.) invalid or effect is very limited；The mycotoxin of absorption cannot be by
Degradation, after outside excrement discharge animal body, to Zinc fractions secondary pollution；Adsorbent can also amino in adsorption feed simultaneously
Acid, vitamin, microelement and small peptide etc. are simultaneously discharged outside animal body with excrement, so that the nutritive value of feed is substantially reduced,
Therefore it is badly in need of a kind of method that can reduce Mycotoxins in Feed content.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of biodegrading process of mycotoxin in corn and wheat and its converted products, have
The content of mycotoxin is without the use of adsorbent, keeps away after feed is made in the control corn and wheat and its converted products of effect
Exempt from the nutritive value in adsorbent reduction corn and wheat.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fermentative feedstuff of microbe, handle corn and wheat by the above method
And its after converted products, it is subsequently processed into fermentative feedstuff of microbe.
The embodiment of the present invention is achieved in that
Culture degrading mold toxin bacterium obtains the zymocyte liquid for being rich in degrading mold toxin bacterium and enzyme in liquid medium,
It is inoculated with the zymocyte liquid in corn and wheat and its processing product, and feed fermentation agent is added simultaneously, controls temperature condition
Solid state fermentation 24-72h under the conditions of being 20-40 DEG C, the degrading mold toxin bacterium bag include vomitoxin degradation bacteria.
Preferably, it is found when through detection, when also containing other mycotoxins in corn and wheat and its converted products, example
Such as: aflatoxin, fumonisin, zearalenone, T-2 toxin, ochratoxin.The degrading mold toxin bacterium is also
It may include zearalenone degradation bacteria, T-2 toxin degradation bacteria, aflatoxin degradation bacteria, fumonisin degradation bacteria, reddish brown song
Any one in mould toxin degradation bacteria or at least two.
Preferably, above-mentioned corn and wheat and its converted products mainly include wheat bran, optionally further comprising corn, jade are small
In wheat, wheat-middlings, flour, maize peel, corn pulp, corn germ cake, corn flour, sugar residue, vinasse and soluble corn vinasse extremely
It is few one or more.Simultaneously as needed, water, dregs of beans etc. can also be added in substrate.
A kind of fermentative feedstuff of microbe is handled to obtain corn and wheat and its converted products, processing system by above-mentioned method
It is standby to obtain fermentative feedstuff of microbe.
The beneficial effect of the embodiment of the present invention is:
The present invention first passes through liquid phase fermentation and obtains rich in degrading mold toxin in such a way that liquid-solid fermentation combines
The zymocyte liquid of bacterium and enzyme；Then, after degrading mold toxin zymocyte liquid and feed fermentation agent being mixed with substrate simultaneously, adjustment
Material moisture content is transferred to fermentation vat and carries out amphimicrobian fermentation 2--3 days, it is desirable that 25 DEG C of temperature to 35-45% -- and 35 DEG C, consolidate
It mutually ferments, ferments to the mycotoxin in corn and wheat and its converted products, the final microbial fermentation for obtaining low toxicity
Feed does not need to be avoided nutriment caused by adsorbent absorption using adsorbent and lost.Feed is handled by the above method
After substrate, the degrading mold toxin rate in substrate is up to 50%-90%, can significantly reduce the toxicity in feed.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached
Figure is briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as pair
The restriction of range for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also be according to this
A little attached drawings obtain other relevant attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart for the biodegrading process that experimental example of the present invention provides.
Specific embodiment
It in order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical solution be clearly and completely described.The person that is not specified actual conditions in embodiment, according to normal conditions or manufacturer builds
The condition of view carries out.Production firm person is not specified in agents useful for same, raw material or instrument, and being can be by the normal of commercially available purchase acquisition
Advise product.
Below to the biodegrading process and system of mycotoxin in the corn of the embodiment of the present invention and wheat and its converted products
Standby fermentative feedstuff of microbe is specifically described.
Usually mycotoxin catabolic enzyme is added in feed in the prior art, mycotoxin catabolic enzyme is allowed to enter animal
Mycotoxin is decomposed after alimentary canal, but this mode suffers from the drawback that
One, mycotoxin catabolic enzyme needs just embody the activity of enzyme in the environment of having a large amount of moisture content, is usually raising
Material enters in the alimentary canal of animal body, and mycotoxin catabolic enzyme just starts to process toxin；The time handled in this way very short has
It short several hours, can have a greatly reduced quality for the treatment effect of toxin, while also will increase the metabolic burden of animal's liver, to dynamic
Object causes very big harm.
Two, the mycotoxin catabolic enzyme of protein structure can be destroyed by the pepsin of animal itself, in the acid item of stomach
Under part, the mycotoxin catabolic enzyme of protein structure can be also destroyed, while the acid condition of stomach is also that uncomfortable synthase plays work
PH range.
Three, during preparing feed, vapor (steam) temperature is up to 75-90 DEG C, and the mycotoxin being added in feed decomposes
Enzyme, which has during the preparation process close to 30-70%, to be inactivated, and the effect which finally decomposes mycotoxin is further decreased.
As one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides mycotoxin in a kind of corn and wheat and its converted products
Biodegrading process: firstly, culture degrading mold toxin bacterium obtains the hair for being rich in degrading mold toxin bacterium and enzyme in liquid medium
Yeast-like fungi liquid is inoculated with the zymocyte liquid in corn and wheat and its converted products, and feed fermentation agent is added simultaneously, control temperature
Degree condition be 25-35 DEG C under the conditions of solid state fermentation 48-72h, the degrading mold toxin microbial inoculum include vomitoxin degradation bacteria or
Zearalenone degradation bacteria.
Substrate therein is mould common in corn and wheat and its converted products, corn and wheat and its converted products
Toxin is vomitoxin, fumonisin and zearalenone etc., therefore corresponding degrading mold toxin bacterium bag includes vomiting poison
Element, fumonisin and zearalenone degradation bacteria, it should be noted that according to corn and wheat and its converted products by
The type of mycotoxin infection can select corresponding degrading mold toxin bacterium to carry out liquid phase fermentation and obtain zymocyte liquid.
Generally in corn and wheat and its processing product, wheat bran and corn pulp are relatively often selected, while as needed, also
The raw materials such as a small amount of water or dregs of beans are added to ferment together.Certain other kinds of corn and wheat and its processing product are also
Optionally.
Wherein, according to mycotoxin type more common in substrate type in feed and the substrate, selection is suitable
Degrading mold toxin microbial inoculum is cultivated, and corresponding degrading mold toxin zymocyte liquid is obtained.Such as: it is common in feed substrate
Mycotoxin has zearalenone, vomitoxin, fumonisin etc..
It is preferred that degrading mold toxin microbial inoculum further include, vomitoxin degradation bacteria, fumonisin degradation bacteria, corn
Zeranol degradation bacteria.
It is found in corn and wheat actual production, if directly added in feed with degrading mold toxin enzyme, efficiency meeting
It is very low.Because in the process of feed, due to high-temperature steam pelletization to be carried out, the mycotoxin of protein structure
Degrading enzyme inactivates in high-temperature steam pelletization, does not have the degradation effect to mycotoxin.
In addition, adding adsorbent usually in feed in the prior art to reduce the amount of Mycotoxins in Feed, but this
Mode, the drawbacks of the nutriment in feed substrate can be siphoned away there are adsorbent, the absorption to several vitamins in feed
Reach 30%-70%, 60% or more is reached to the absorption of minerals, the nutritive value that will lead to feed reduces.In subsequent feeding
During animal, toxin releases adsorbent again in animal alimentary canal and after water contact.
Using suction type.There are two problems.First: the case where being unable to the content and distribution of accurate perception toxin.Second:
Adsorbent cannot be allowed accurately and effectively to touch toxin；The absorption to vitamin, minerals is reduced, effective suction to toxin is increased
It is attached.Both of these problems, which not can solve absorption, cannot play positive effect, and many valuable vitamins in feed have been run in also absorption
And minerals.
And the method not strong with adsorbent or a specific aim, adsorbent addition is more, it can adsorb too many nutrition
Substance, addition have been lacked mycotoxin adsorption and have been not thorough.But gone to decompose all right more of toxin with enzyme, because the specific aim of enzyme is very
By force, it only can go to decompose for specific mycotoxin.Solves the problems, such as the specially specific aim to mycotoxin, efficiency is than absorption
Mode increases more than ten times.
Present inventor has found after study, while adding degrading mold toxin microbial inoculum and feed fermentation agent to substrate
It ferments, is one to take two.Mycotoxin is degraded, while fermentative feedstuff of microbe being made again.Reduce 30-50%
Production cost.Wherein, in solid ferment process, according to the water content of fermentation material, suitable sterile water can be supplemented, improves hair
Ferment efficiency.
Wherein, degrading mold toxin microbial inoculum can be bought by market and be obtained, and feed fermentation agent can also be bought by market and be obtained
, the state modulator in fermentation process is most important for degradation removal mycotoxin.
Specifically, first by obtaining the hair rich in degrading mold toxin enzyme and bacterium after carrying out liquid phase fermentation in the fermenter
Yeast-like fungi liquid, preferably the amount of dry matter 8-15wt% in control fluid nutrient medium, wherein the albumen in preferred control fluid nutrient medium
Matter content is 10-20wt%, guarantees that the nutriment in incubation is abundant.
In the present invention, using corn and wheat and its converted products as feed substrate, it should be noted that of the invention one
In a little embodiments, according to actual needs, other auxiliary materials can also be added, such as dregs of rice class raw material increases nitrogen source.
Feed fermentation agent by the probiotic groups such as lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, Bacillus at.By degrading mold toxin zymocyte liquid and
Feed fermentation agent is uniformly mixed with feed substrate, fermentation condition in strict control solid fermentation process (oxygen, temperature, humidity,
PH value etc.).
It is noted that temperature condition is important the degradation of mycotoxin, under the conditions of temperature condition is 25-35 DEG C
Fermentation, the fermentation of degradation effect and feed substrate for mycotoxin be all advantageously, it is warm when temperature is more than 35 DEG C
Degree can make the activity of degrading mold toxin enzyme decline to a great extent, and the degradation efficiency of mycotoxin can be remarkably decreased, when temperature is lower than 25
DEG C when, the fermentation efficiency of leavening is low, and time-consuming, is unfavorable for degrading mold toxin enzyme in a short time quickly by mycotoxin
It has degraded.
Fermentation time is preferably controlled to 24-72h, overlong time, and consumed feed substrate nutrition of fermenting increases, can reduce
Economic benefit, the time is too short, and the degradation of mycotoxin is not complete enough.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, moisture condition control is more suitable in 40-50%, in the moisture item
Under part, the ferment effect of leavening is best.
Specifically, after mixing feed fermentation agent and degrading mold toxin zymocyte liquid with feed substrate, control plus water
Amount, i.e., controllable moisture content.
First leavening can be activated when adding feed fermentation agent as preferred embodiment, and preferably with
25-40 DEG C warm water mixing, under the conditions of the temperature, the culture propagation rate in feed fermentation agent is very fast, then again with mould
Toxin degradation bacterium solution is mixed with feed substrate simultaneously.
As for fermentation time, 24-72h is more suitable for.And the temperature control of fermentation process, it ferments in 25-35 DEG C of ring
It is carried out under border.
For the additive amount of feed fermentation agent and degrading mold toxin microbial inoculum, in certain embodiments of the present invention, point
Not Wei the feed substrate quality 1-5 ‰.
In fermentation substrate, amount of dry matter (DM) is preferably controlled in 30-70wt%, the water being added by control, can be compared with
To be accurately controlled amount of dry matter.
It is another aspect of the invention to provide a kind of fermentative feedstuff of microbe prepared by the above method, compared to
Fermentative feedstuff of microbe in the prior art, mycotoxin content therein is few, and maintains battalion sufficient in feed substrate
It forms point, also, degrading mold toxin enzyme is present in feed always, prevents feed again by mycotoxin contamination.
In fermentative feedstuff of microbe obtained above, moisture content 10-45wt%, crude protein content >=10wt%,
Molten protein content >=the 8wt% of acid, crude fiber content≤8wt% crude ash content content≤10wt%.Microbiological feed obtained above
Directly it can use and sell.
It further, in order to adapt to different feeding objects, convenient transportation, storage the purpose of, can also be further to upper
The fermentative feedstuff of microbe stated is dried, and moisture content≤25wt% is preferably dried to.
Microelement, such as Fe, Mg, Zn can also be added in fermentative feedstuff of microbe, can also add each biostearin,
The various additives such as niacin, biotin, niacinamide.
Feature and performance of the invention are described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
Degrading mold toxin microbial inoculum and feed fermentation agent, adsorbent used etc. are bought in following embodiment and comparative example
From commercial product.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of microbiological feed, refering to fig. 1.Primary toxins through containing in detection corn are vomitoxin
And zearalenone, respectively 8600ppb and 750ppb.It is exceeded serious, it could be feeding after detoxification.
Degrading mold toxin zymocyte liquid is prepared by liquid phase fermentation first:
2 kilograms of degrading mold toxin microbial inoculums are placed in 1000 kilograms of liquid culture mediums and are cultivated, wherein mycotoxin
Degradation bacterial agent includes vomitoxin and zearalenone degradation bacteria.Condition of culture is 25 DEG C, and time 24-48h is fermented
Bacterium solution contains vomitoxin degrading enzyme and zearalenone degrading enzyme in zymocyte liquid.
Wherein, containing nutriments and water such as sugar, peptones in liquid culture medium, peptone content is 15wt%.
Corn 700Kg is weighed, the zymocyte liquid for being inoculated with above-mentioned acquisition (wherein contains vomitoxin degrading enzyme and Gibberella zeae
Ketenes degrading enzyme), inoculum concentration is the 5% of corn weight, and leavening 1.4Kg is added, and after mixing, adjustment material moisture content arrives
35-45% is transferred to fermentation vat and carries out amphimicrobian fermentation 2--3 days, it is desirable that 25 DEG C of temperature -- and 35 DEG C, centre requires record temperature
Variation, every 48 hours sample detections are primary, and detection data charges to record of production table, detection project: temperature, viable count, pH value, face
Color change, taste observation etc..
Whether fermentation time in place, detects all indexs and meets the requirements standard, defeated by belt after complying fully with design standard
It send machine to be transported to low temperature revolving drier and carries out low temperature drying, it is desirable that temperature is no more than 65 DEG C, and the residence time is no more than 45 minutes,
Material drying is delivered to repeatedly vibrating screen by spiral shell fortune machine, and it is flat that the qualified material after sieving is sent into multiplex mixer progress nutrition
Weighing apparatus, surplus material is sent into after pulverizer crushes is sent into multiplex mixer progress nutrient balance together with qualified material, produces outer
Sell finished product A and personal finished product B.Finished product A and finished product B only has moisture content different, and for finished product A moisture within 13%, finished product B is as needed
Moisture control 25% or so.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of microbiological feed, is first handled feed substrate, and the mycotoxin in raw material is dropped
It takes off.
Degrading mold toxin enzyme is prepared by liquid phase fermentation first:
Aflatoxin degradation bacteria is placed in the liquid culture medium in fermentor and is cultivated, wherein degrading mold toxin
Bacterium bag includes zearalenone degradation bacteria, vomitoxin degradation bacteria.Condition of culture is 20 DEG C, and the time is 1d (day), is fermented
Bacterium solution contains vomitoxin element degrading enzyme and zearalenone degrading enzyme in zymocyte liquid.
Wherein, containing nutriments and water such as sugar, peptones in liquid culture medium, peptone content is 15wt%.
Wheat bran 700Kg is weighed, through detecting the predominantly vomitoxin wherein contained, is inoculated with the zymocyte liquid of above-mentioned acquisition
(wherein containing vomitoxin degrading enzyme), inoculum concentration are the 0.5% of wheat bran weight, and leavening 0.35Kg is added, after mixing,
It is placed in fermentation vat and ferments, control fermentation temperature is 20 DEG C, and ferment 72h, collects treated feed substrate after fermentation.
By treated, feed substrate is processed into fermentative feedstuff of microbe, seeks in feed added with trace mineral supplement etc.
Support substance.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of microbiological feed, is first handled feed substrate, and the mycotoxin in raw material is dropped
It takes off.
Degrading mold toxin enzyme is prepared by liquid phase fermentation first:
Degrading mold toxin bacterium is placed in the liquid culture medium in fermentor and is cultivated, wherein degrading mold toxin bacterium
Including aflatoxin degradation bacteria, fumonisin degradation bacteria, vomitoxin degradation bacteria, zearalenone degradation bacteria, T-2 toxin
Degradation bacteria, ochratoxin degradation bacteria.Condition of culture is 30 DEG C, and the time is 1.5d (day), zymocyte liquid is obtained, in zymocyte liquid
Contain aflatoxin degradation enzyme, fumonisin degrading enzyme, vomitoxin degrading enzyme, zearalenone degrading enzyme, T-2 toxin
Degrading enzyme, ochratoxin degrading enzyme.
Wherein, containing nutriments and water such as sugar, peptones in liquid culture medium, peptone content is 15wt%.
Weigh barley sugar residue 700Kg, through detected wherein contain predominantly vomitoxin, fumonisin, aflatoxin,
Zearalenone, T-2 toxin and ochratoxin.The zymocyte liquid for being inoculated with above-mentioned acquisition (wherein contains aflatoxin
Degrading enzyme, fumonisin degrading enzyme, vomitoxin degrading enzyme, zearalenone degrading enzyme, T-2 toxins degrading enzyme, Aspergillus ochraceus
Toxins degrading enzyme), inoculum concentration is the 1% of barley sugar residue weight, and leavening 1.4Kg is added and is placed in fermentation vat after mixing
Fermentation, control fermentation temperature are 30 DEG C, and ferment 36h, collect treated feed substrate after fermentation.
By treated, feed substrate is processed into fermentative feedstuff of microbe, seeks in feed added with trace mineral supplement etc.
Support substance.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of microbiological feed, is first handled feed substrate, and the mycotoxin in raw material is dropped
It takes off.
Degrading mold toxin enzyme is prepared by liquid phase fermentation first:
Degrading mold toxin bacterium is placed in the liquid culture medium in fermentor and is cultivated, wherein degrading mold toxin bacterium
Including aflatoxin degradation bacteria, fumonisin degradation bacteria, vomitoxin degradation bacteria, zearalenone degradation bacteria, T-2 toxin
Degradation bacteria, ochratoxin degradation bacteria.Condition of culture is 35 DEG C, and the time is 2d (day), obtains zymocyte liquid, contains in zymocyte liquid
There are aflatoxin degradation enzyme, fumonisin degrading enzyme, vomitoxin degrading enzyme, zearalenone degrading enzyme, T-2 toxin drop
Solve enzyme, ochratoxin degrading enzyme.
Wherein, containing nutriments and water such as sugar, peptones in liquid culture medium, peptone content is 15wt%.
The mixture 700Kg for weighing sorghum and dry alcohol groove (DDGS) is detected and is wherein mainly contained vomitoxin, volt
Horse toxin, aflatoxin, zearalenone, T-2 toxin, ochratoxin.It is inoculated with the zymocyte liquid of above-mentioned acquisition (wherein
Contain aflatoxin degradation enzyme, fumonisin degrading enzyme, vomitoxin degrading enzyme, zearalenone degrading enzyme, T-2 toxin
Degrading enzyme, ochratoxin degrading enzyme), inoculum concentration is the 1.2% of substrate weight, and leavening 1Kg is added and sets after mixing
It ferments in fermentation vat, control fermentation temperature is 40 DEG C, and fermentation for 24 hours, collects treated feed substrate after fermentation.
By treated, feed substrate is processed into fermentative feedstuff of microbe, seeks in feed added with trace mineral supplement etc.
Support substance.
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of microbiological feed, is first handled feed substrate, and the mycotoxin in raw material is dropped
It takes off.
Degrading mold toxin enzyme is prepared by liquid phase fermentation first:
Degrading mold toxin bacterium is placed in the liquid culture medium in fermentor and is cultivated, wherein degrading mold toxin bacterium
Including aflatoxin degradation bacteria, fumonisin degradation bacteria, vomitoxin degradation bacteria, zearalenone degradation bacteria, T-2 toxin
Degradation bacteria, ochratoxin degradation bacteria.Condition of culture is 40 DEG C, and the time is 2.5d (day), zymocyte liquid is obtained, in zymocyte liquid
Contain aflatoxin degradation enzyme, fumonisin degrading enzyme, vomitoxin degrading enzyme, zearalenone degrading enzyme, T-2 toxin
Degrading enzyme, ochratoxin degrading enzyme.
Wherein, containing nutriments and water such as sugar, peptones in liquid culture medium, peptone content is 15wt%.
The mixture 700Kg for weighing corn and wheat and barley is detected and is wherein mainly contained vomitoxin, volt horse poison
Element, aflatoxin, zearalenone, T-2 toxin, ochratoxin.The zymocyte liquid for being inoculated with above-mentioned acquisition (wherein contains
Aflatoxin degradation enzyme, fumonisin degrading enzyme, vomitoxin degrading enzyme, zearalenone degrading enzyme, the degradation of T-2 toxin
Enzyme, ochratoxin degrading enzyme), inoculum concentration is the 1.5% of substrate weight, and leavening 0.5Kg is added and is placed in after mixing
It ferments in fermentation vat, control fermentation temperature is 38 DEG C, and ferment 30h, collects treated feed substrate after fermentation.
By treated, feed substrate is processed into fermentative feedstuff of microbe, seeks in feed added with trace mineral supplement etc.
Support substance.
Embodiment 6
A kind of preparation method of microbiological feed, is first handled feed substrate, and the mycotoxin in raw material is dropped
It takes off.
Degrading mold toxin enzyme is prepared by liquid phase fermentation first:
Degrading mold toxin bacterium is placed in the liquid culture medium in fermentor and is cultivated, wherein degrading mold toxin bacterium
Including aflatoxin degradation bacteria, fumonisin degradation bacteria, vomitoxin degradation bacteria, zearalenone degradation bacteria, T-2 toxin
Degradation bacteria, ochratoxin degradation bacteria.Condition of culture is 28 DEG C, and the time is 3d (day), obtains zymocyte liquid, contains in zymocyte liquid
There are aflatoxin degradation enzyme, fumonisin degrading enzyme, vomitoxin degrading enzyme, zearalenone degrading enzyme, T-2 toxin drop
Solve enzyme, ochratoxin degrading enzyme.
Wherein, containing nutriments and water such as sugar, peptones in liquid culture medium, peptone content is 15wt%.
Wheat bran 700Kg is weighed, is detected and wherein mainly contains vomitoxin, aflatoxin, zearalenone, volt horse
Toxin, T-2 toxin, ochratoxin.The zymocyte liquid of above-mentioned acquisition is inoculated with (wherein containing aflatoxin degradation enzyme, volt horse
Toxins degrading enzyme, vomitoxin degrading enzyme, zearalenone degrading enzyme, T-2 toxins degrading enzyme, ochratoxin degrading enzyme),
Inoculum concentration is the 1.8% of wheat bran weight, and leavening 0.9Kg is added and is placed in fermentation vat and ferments after mixing, control fermentation
Temperature is 25 DEG C, and ferment 48h, collects treated feed substrate after fermentation.
By treated, feed substrate is processed into fermentative feedstuff of microbe, seeks in feed added with trace mineral supplement etc.
Support substance.
Embodiment 7
A kind of preparation method of microbiological feed, is first handled feed substrate, and the mycotoxin in raw material is dropped
It takes off.
Degrading mold toxin enzyme is prepared by liquid phase fermentation first:
Degrading mold toxin bacterium is placed in the liquid culture medium in fermentor and is cultivated, wherein degrading mold toxin bacterium
Including aflatoxin degradation bacteria, fumonisin degradation bacteria, vomitoxin degradation bacteria, zearalenone degradation bacteria, T-2 toxin
Degradation bacteria, ochratoxin degradation bacteria.Condition of culture is 32 DEG C, and the time is 3d (day), obtains zymocyte liquid, contains in zymocyte liquid
There are aflatoxin degradation enzyme, fumonisin degrading enzyme, vomitoxin degrading enzyme, zearalenone degrading enzyme, T-2 toxin drop
Solve enzyme, ochratoxin degrading enzyme.
Wherein, containing nutriments and water such as sugar, peptones in liquid culture medium, peptone content is 15wt%.
Wheat bran 700Kg is weighed, is detected and wherein mainly contains vomitoxin, aflatoxin, zearalenone, T-2
Toxin, fumonisin, ochratoxin.The zymocyte liquid of above-mentioned acquisition is inoculated with (wherein containing aflatoxin degradation enzyme, volt horse
Toxins degrading enzyme, vomitoxin degrading enzyme, zearalenone degrading enzyme, T-2 toxins degrading enzyme, ochratoxin degrading enzyme),
Inoculum concentration is the 1.98% of wheat bran weight, and leavening 1.2Kg is added and is placed in fermentation vat and ferments after mixing, control fermentation
Temperature is 25 DEG C, and ferment 48h, collects treated feed substrate after fermentation.
By treated, feed substrate is processed into fermentative feedstuff of microbe, seeks in feed added with trace mineral supplement etc.
Support substance.
Embodiment 8
A kind of preparation method of microbiological feed, is first handled feed substrate, and the mycotoxin in raw material is dropped
It takes off.
Degrading mold toxin enzyme is prepared by liquid phase fermentation first:
Degrading mold toxin bacterium is placed in the liquid culture medium in fermentor and is cultivated, wherein degrading mold toxin bacterium
Including aflatoxin degradation bacteria, fumonisin degradation bacteria, vomitoxin degradation bacteria, zearalenone degradation bacteria, T-2 toxin
Degradation bacteria, ochratoxin degradation bacteria.Condition of culture is 30 DEG C, and the time is 2d (day), obtains zymocyte liquid, contains in zymocyte liquid
There are aflatoxin degradation enzyme, fumonisin degrading enzyme, vomitoxin degrading enzyme, zearalenone degrading enzyme, T-2 toxin drop
Solve enzyme, ochratoxin degrading enzyme.
Wherein, containing nutriments and water such as sugar, peptones in liquid culture medium, peptone content is 15wt%.
Wheat bran 700Kg is weighed, is detected and wherein mainly contains vomitoxin, aflatoxin, zearalenone, T-2
Toxin, fumonisin, ochratoxin.The zymocyte liquid of above-mentioned acquisition is inoculated with (wherein containing aflatoxin degradation enzyme, volt horse
Toxins degrading enzyme, vomitoxin degrading enzyme, zearalenone degrading enzyme, T-2 toxins degrading enzyme, ochratoxin degrading enzyme),
Inoculum concentration is the 0.53% of wheat bran weight, and leavening 1.35Kg is added and is placed in fermentation vat and ferments after mixing, control hair
Ferment temperature is 25 DEG C, and ferment 48h, collects treated feed substrate after fermentation.
By treated, feed substrate is processed into fermentative feedstuff of microbe, seeks in feed added with trace mineral supplement etc.
Support substance.
Embodiment 9
A kind of preparation method of microbiological feed, is first handled feed substrate, and the mycotoxin in raw material is dropped
It takes off.
Degrading mold toxin enzyme is prepared by liquid phase fermentation first:
Degrading mold toxin bacterium is placed in the liquid culture medium in fermentor and is cultivated, wherein degrading mold toxin bacterium
Including zearalenone degradation bacteria, T-2 toxin degradation bacteria.Condition of culture is 25 DEG C, and the time is 3d (day), obtains zymophyte
Liquid contains T-2 toxins degrading enzyme and zearalenone degrading enzyme in zymocyte liquid.
Wherein, containing nutriments and water such as sugar, peptones in liquid culture medium, peptone content is 15wt%.
Corn and wheat 700Kg are weighed, through detecting the predominantly T-2 toxin wherein contained, is inoculated with the fermentation of above-mentioned acquisition
Bacterium solution (wherein contains T-2 toxins degrading enzyme), and inoculum concentration is the 2% of corn and wheat weight, and leavening 0.7Kg, mixing is added
It after uniformly, is placed in fermentation vat and ferments, control fermentation temperature is 25 DEG C, and ferment 48h, collects treated feed after fermentation
Substrate.
By treated, feed substrate is processed into fermentative feedstuff of microbe, seeks in feed added with trace mineral supplement etc.
Support substance.
Test example:
The fermentative feedstuff of microbe that embodiment 1-9 is obtained carries out mycotoxin content detection, and detection method is according to newest
Method shown in version national standard carries out.Experimental test result is as shown in Table 1 and Table 2:
Mycotoxin testing result in raw material in 1 embodiment 1-9 of table
Mycotoxin testing result in the fermentative feedstuff of microbe that 2 embodiment 1-9 of table is obtained
Wherein, China to the maximum magnitude of mycotoxin in corn and wheat be respectively as follows: 20 μ g/kg of aflatoxin,
500 μ g/kg of fumonisin, 20 μ g/kg of ochratoxin, 80 μ g/kg of T-2 toxin, 500 μ g/kg of vomitoxin, Gibberella zeae alkene
100 μ g/kg of ketone.As can be seen that passing through biodegrading process provided by the invention, significantly reduce mould in corn and wheat materials
Verticillium toxin.
The degradation rate of mycotoxin is calculated in the following manner:
Mycotoxin total content * 100% in degradation rate=Mycotoxins in Feed total content/raw material
Through calculating, mycotoxin in raw material can be reduced to 75%-90% using preparation method of the invention, effect is aobvious
It writes, while zymocyte liquid can not will receive mould always present in the fermentative feedstuff of microbe of acquisition with long-term preservation, feed
The secondary pollution of toxin, feed will not cause secondary pollution to environment after digesting.
In the above test, mycotoxin total content includes main vomitoxin, fumonisin, aflatoxin, corn
The total content of zeranol, T-2 toxin and ochratoxin.
Comparative example 1
Using with method culture degrading mold toxin bacterium described in embodiment 1, and it is inoculated in and is bought with embodiment 1 with batch
Raw material in, difference is after inoculation fermentation bacterium solution 48h, add leavening, raw material weight, be added leavening amount and
The inoculum concentration of fermenting microbe is same as Example 1, finally obtains fermentative feedstuff of microbe.
Comparative example 2
Using with method culture degrading mold toxin bacterium described in embodiment 1, and it is inoculated in and is bought with embodiment 1 with batch
Raw material in, difference is after leavening 48h is added, and inoculates zymocyte liquid, then keeps 48h, and fermentation is added in raw material weight
The amount of agent and the inoculum concentration of fermenting microbe are same as Example 1, finally obtain fermentative feedstuff of microbe.
Comparative example 3
The raw material bought with embodiment 1 with batch is chosen, leavening, the additional amount of raw material weight, leavening are directly added into
It is same as Example 1, finally obtain fermentative feedstuff of microbe.
The mycotoxin content in fermentative feedstuff of microbe that measurement comparative example 1-3 is obtained respectively, measurement result are shown in Table 3.
Mycotoxins in Feed testing result in 3 comparative example 1-3 of table
Comparative example 4
Using with method culture degrading mold toxin bacterium described in embodiment 3, and it is inoculated in and is bought with embodiment 3 with batch
Raw material in, difference is after inoculation fermentation bacterium solution 48h, add leavening, raw material weight, be added leavening amount and
The inoculum concentration of fermenting microbe is same as Example 3, finally obtains fermentative feedstuff of microbe.
Comparative example 5
Using with method culture degrading mold toxin bacterium described in embodiment 3, and it is inoculated in and is bought with embodiment 3 with batch
Raw material in, difference is after leavening 48h is added, and inoculates zymocyte liquid, then keeps 48h, and fermentation is added in raw material weight
The amount of agent and the inoculum concentration of fermenting microbe are same as Example 3, finally obtain fermentative feedstuff of microbe.
Comparative example 6
The raw material bought with embodiment 3 with batch is chosen, leavening, the additional amount of raw material weight, leavening are directly added into
It is same as Example 3, finally obtain fermentative feedstuff of microbe.
The mycotoxin content in fermentative feedstuff of microbe that measurement comparative example 4-6 is obtained respectively, measurement result are shown in Table 4.
Mycotoxins in Feed testing result in 4 comparative example 4-6 of table
When zymocyte liquid and leavening simultaneously act on feed substrate it can be seen from table 3 and table 4, effect ratio
(whether first adding zymocyte liquid step by step or first add leavening) all can be more preferable, illustrates zymocyte liquid and leavening while making
With playing synergistic effect.
Embodiments described above is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Reality of the invention
The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the range of claimed invention, but is merely representative of selected implementation of the invention
Example.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Every other embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the biodegrading process of mycotoxin in corn and wheat and its converted products, which is characterized in that train in liquid medium
It supports degrading mold toxin microbial inoculum and obtains the zymocyte liquid for being rich in degrading mold toxin bacterium and enzyme, produced in corn and wheat and its processing
It is inoculated with the zymocyte liquid in product, and feed fermentation agent is added simultaneously, control temperature condition is solid state fermentation under the conditions of 20-40 DEG C
24-72h, the degrading mold toxin microbial inoculum include vomitoxin degradation bacteria；Preferably, the degrading mold toxin bacterium further includes
T-2 toxin degradation bacteria, aflatoxin degradation bacteria, zearalenone degradation bacteria, fumonisin degradation bacteria, ochratoxin drop
Solve any one in bacterium or at least two；
Preferably, corn and wheat and its converted products mainly include wheat bran, optionally further comprising corn, wheat, wheat-middlings, face
At least one of powder, maize peel, corn pulp, corn germ cake, corn flour sugar residue, vinasse, alcohol grain and alcohol grain soluble matter
Or it is a variety of.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the inoculum concentration of the degrading mold toxin microbial inoculum is the feeding
The 1-5 ‰ of the substrate quality of material.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the additive amount of the fermented feed leavening is the feed
Substrate quality 1-5 ‰.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein in the fluid nutrient medium, amount of dry matter 8-15wt%,
Preferably, protein content 10-20wt%.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein solid state fermentation carries out under 30-70wt% moisture condition.
6. a kind of low toxicity fermentative feedstuff of microbe, which is characterized in that handle corn by the described in any item methods of claim 1-5
With wheat and its converted products, fermentative feedstuff of microbe is prepared in processing.
7. low toxicity fermentative feedstuff of microbe according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in the fermentative feedstuff of microbe,
Moisture content is 10-45wt%, crude protein content >=10wt%, the molten protein content >=8wt% of acid, crude ash content content≤
10wt%.
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| CN109744368A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-14 | 东莞市澹一生物科技有限公司 | Utilize the method and feedstuff of wheat vinasse production feedstuff |
| CN109744367A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-14 | 东莞市澹一生物科技有限公司 | The method and feedstuff of resource utilization wheat vinasse production feedstuff |
| CN109770062A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-21 | 东莞市澹一生物科技有限公司 | The method and feed addictive of resource utilization wheat vinasse production feed addictive |
| CN109938172A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-06-28 | 东莞市澹一生物科技有限公司 | Utilize the method and feed addictive of wheat vinasse production feed addictive |
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