CN109452146B - Winter wheat water-saving irrigation decision method, control device and control system - Google Patents
Winter wheat water-saving irrigation decision method, control device and control system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a decision-making method, a control device and a control system for water-saving irrigation of winter wheat. The method comprises the steps of comparing the obtained total amount of the crop water transpiration in the continuous preset time period with the preset irrigation amount to judge whether the crop needs to be irrigated, irrigating the crop if the total amount of the crop water transpiration is larger than or equal to the preset irrigation amount, and not irrigating the crop temporarily if the total amount of the crop water transpiration is smaller than the preset irrigation amount. The decision method, the control device and the control system for water-saving irrigation of winter wheat provided by the embodiment of the invention judge whether crops need to be irrigated or not by comparing the total amount of water transpiration of the crops with the preset irrigation amount, irrigate the crops if the total amount of water transpiration of the crops is greater than or equal to the preset irrigation amount, and do not irrigate the crops if the total amount of water transpiration of the crops is less than the preset irrigation amount, so that the water supplement amount for the crops once is ensured, over irrigation is avoided, water resource waste is avoided, the method is simple and convenient to use, and the supply and demand of water resource utilization are balanced and the efficiency is maximized.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of farmland irrigation, in particular to a winter wheat water-saving irrigation decision method, a water-saving irrigation control device, a water-saving irrigation control system, electronic equipment and a non-transient computer readable storage medium.
Background
Rotation of urban winter wheat and summer corn is a main rotation mode of grain crops in northern China, and the growth of winter wheat is in autumn, spans the whole winter and spring, and is the drought and rain-less period in a planting area. The water is used as the primary basic condition for the yield preservation and the stable yield of the winter wheat, and the method has great significance for solving the problems that the agricultural development of a water shortage area is restricted by water resource shortage, the food safety is threatened and the like in the real situation that the percentage of the agricultural water consumption is higher than the total water consumption. Therefore, the reasonable allocation of water resources and the maximization of the water utilization efficiency are a major topic of the current farmland irrigation.
In recent years, in order to effectively solve the problems of overlarge farmland water consumption, low farmland water resource utilization efficiency and the like, irrigation facilities such as drip irrigation, micro-spraying and the like are introduced into farmland wheat and corn planting areas in many areas. However, a matched irrigation strategy which accords with the actual water requirement rule of crops is lacked, and as for the actual planting condition, the irrigation management of wheat is mainly based on the traditional experience even under the condition of irrigation facilities, namely, sufficient water with quota is supplied in the key growth period, the management mode is extensive, and the blindness and randomness are large.
The irrigation mode of wheat mainly has the following problems: 1. insufficient overall performance: sufficient amount of rated water supply enables the water stored in the root area of the crops to be in a saturated state for a long time, and the groundwater is less absorbed, so that after the wheat is harvested and the corn is planted, the planting area enters a rainy season, the water stored in the root area is increased, deep seepage is easy to form, and the groundwater is polluted; 2. imbalance between supply and demand: the water management mode with sufficient quota neglects the actual water consumption condition of crops under different meteorological conditions and the influence of large difference of annual total rainfall and rainfall time distribution, the accurate matching of water supply and water demand of the crops is difficult to realize, and the water saving effect is not obvious; 3. the water utilization efficiency needs to be improved: in the traditional sufficient and rated water management mode, the water quantity is too sufficient for irrigation, and the luxurious transpiration phenomenon exists in the root system of crops even surface runoff is formed in a certain period of time after irrigation, so that the advantages of a drip irrigation system are not fully exerted, and the water utilization efficiency is low. In fact, in order to solve the problems, in the key growth period of increasing the yield of winter wheat, the water filling quantity is compressed as much as possible, the balance of supply and demand is coordinated, and the water utilization efficiency is further improved while the underground reservoir is emptied. Therefore, under the condition of drip irrigation, a scientific and reasonable irrigation strategy needs to be provided aiming at the current extensive winter wheat moisture management method, an optimal irrigation system is established, the situations of 'over irrigation' and 'under irrigation' are avoided, and the moisture utilization efficiency is maximized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art in the background art, the embodiment of the invention provides a winter wheat water-saving irrigation decision method, a water-saving irrigation control device, a water-saving irrigation control system, an electronic device and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a water-saving irrigation decision method for winter wheat, including:
acquiring the total crop moisture transpiration amount in a plurality of continuous preset time periods and the total rainfall in the preset time period, and acquiring the crop moisture transpiration supplement amount in the preset time period based on the total crop moisture transpiration amount and the total rainfall;
comparing the crop water transpiration supplementary amount with a preset irrigation amount, and irrigating the crop if the crop water transpiration supplementary amount is greater than or equal to the preset irrigation amount, wherein: the preset irrigation quantity is a judgment threshold value for judging whether the crops need to be irrigated by water.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a water-saving irrigation control device for winter wheat, including:
the first processing module is used for acquiring the total crop moisture transpiration amount in a plurality of continuous preset time periods and the total rainfall in the preset time period, and acquiring the crop moisture transpiration supplement amount in the preset time period based on the total crop moisture transpiration amount and the total rainfall;
the second processing module is used for comparing the crop moisture transpiration supplementary amount with a preset irrigation amount, and irrigating the crop if the crop moisture transpiration supplementary amount is greater than or equal to the preset irrigation amount, wherein: the preset irrigation quantity is a judgment threshold value for judging whether the crops need to be irrigated by water.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a water-saving irrigation control system for winter wheat, including:
controller, information acquisition module, memory cell and touch host computer, the memory cell the information acquisition module with touch host computer all with controller communication connection, wherein:
the controller is used for realizing the water-saving irrigation decision method for the winter wheat provided by the first aspect of the embodiment of the invention;
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring meteorological parameters and transmitting the meteorological parameters to the controller;
the storage unit is used for storing the meteorological parameters acquired by the information acquisition module;
and the touch upper computer is used for displaying the system running state and inputting a system running control instruction.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps of the method for deciding water-saving irrigation of winter wheat according to the first aspect of the present invention.
In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for water-saving irrigation decision of winter wheat provided by the first aspect of the present invention.
The decision method, the water-saving irrigation control device and the water-saving irrigation control system for the winter wheat provided by the embodiment of the invention judge whether crops need to be irrigated or not by comparing the obtained total amount of the crop water transpiration in continuous preset time periods with the preset irrigation amount, if the total amount of the crop water transpiration is greater than or equal to the preset irrigation amount, the crops are irrigated, and if the total amount of the crop water transpiration is smaller than the preset irrigation amount, the crops are not irrigated temporarily, wherein the preset irrigation amount is a judgment threshold value for judging whether the crops need to be irrigated, the judgment threshold value is selected according to water replenishing requirements of the crops at the time, such as wetting the surface layer of soil, the root part, regulating the small environment of a root zone and the like, the water replenishing amount of the crops once is ensured, the excessive irrigation is avoided, the water resource waste is avoided, the method is simple and the use is convenient, The efficiency is maximized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a decision-making method for water-saving irrigation of winter wheat according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a winter wheat water-saving irrigation control device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a winter wheat water-saving irrigation control system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an irrigation implementation device in the water-saving irrigation control system for winter wheat according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic physical structure diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a water-saving irrigation decision method for winter wheat according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments, but not all embodiments, of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The existing irrigation of winter wheat in China mainly adopts irrigation modes such as drip irrigation, micro-spraying and the like, and the irrigation modes of the winter wheat lack a matched irrigation strategy which accords with the actual water demand rule of crops. As for the actual planting situation, the irrigation management of wheat is mainly based on the traditional experience even under the condition of irrigation facilities, namely, sufficient quota water supply is carried out in the key growth period, the management mode is extensive, and the blindness and randomness are large. The problems of insufficient overall arrangement, unbalanced supply and demand, and the need to improve the water use efficiency are inevitable.
For example, insufficient overall efficiency: sufficient amount of rated water supply enables the water stored in the root area of the crops to be in a saturated state for a long time, and the groundwater is less absorbed, so that after the wheat is harvested and the corn is planted, the planting area enters a rainy season, the water stored in the root area is increased, deep seepage is easy to form, and the groundwater is polluted; the problem of supply and demand imbalance: the water management mode with sufficient quota neglects the actual water consumption condition of crops under different meteorological conditions and the influence of large difference of annual total rainfall and rainfall time distribution, the accurate matching of water supply and water demand of the crops is difficult to realize, and the water saving effect is not obvious; the water use efficiency is to be improved: in the traditional sufficient and rated water management mode, the water quantity is too sufficient for irrigation, and the luxurious transpiration phenomenon exists in the root system of crops even surface runoff is formed in a certain period of time after irrigation, so that the advantages of a drip irrigation system are not fully exerted, and the water utilization efficiency is low.
In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a decision method for water-saving irrigation of winter wheat, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the decision method for water-saving irrigation of winter wheat provided by the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
Specifically, the winter wheat water-saving irrigation decision method provided by the embodiment of the invention obtains the crop water transpiration supplementary quantities in a plurality of continuous preset time periods by obtaining the crop water transpiration total quantity in the plurality of continuous preset time periods and the total rainfall in the preset time periods, wherein each timeThe preset time periods can be set according to requirements, for example, when winter wheat is irrigated in a water-saving mode, the preset time periods can be set to be 10min, and the crop moisture transpiration supplementary quantity in a plurality of continuous time periods is the difference between the obtained crop moisture transpiration total quantity and the total rainfall in the continuous preset time periods; comparing and obtaining the crop water transpiration supplementary amount and the preset irrigation amount in a plurality of continuous preset time periods, and irrigating the crops if the crop water transpiration supplementary amount is more than or equal to the preset irrigation amount, wherein the preset time periods are equal time periods, the preset irrigation amount is a judgment threshold value for judging whether the crops need to be irrigated by water, the judgment threshold value can be set according to the requirements of the crops on irrigation, such as the moist soil surface layer, the root system part, the regulation of the root zone microenvironment and the like, the water can be saved, and the water requirement for the crop growth can be met, for example, when the winter wheat is irrigated, the preset irrigation amount can be set to be 100L/m2That is, if the obtained crop water transpiration supplement amount in a plurality of continuous preset time periods is larger than or equal to the preset irrigation amount, the crop can be irrigated, and the requirement of once water supplement amount is met, namely, irrigation cannot be carried out, and water resource waste cannot be caused.
The decision method for water-saving irrigation of winter wheat provided by the embodiment of the invention judges whether crops need to be irrigated or not by comparing the obtained total amount of water transpiration of the crops in a continuous preset time period with the preset irrigation amount, irrigates the crops if the total amount of water transpiration of the crops is greater than or equal to the preset irrigation amount, and temporarily does not irrigate if the total amount of water transpiration of the crops is less than the preset irrigation amount, wherein the preset irrigation amount is a judgment threshold value for judging whether the crops need to be irrigated or not, and the judgment threshold value is set according to the water replenishing requirements of the crops at the time, such as wetting the surface layer of soil, the root part, regulating the small environment of a root zone and the like.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the water-saving irrigation decision method for winter wheat provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises the following steps:
and if the crop water transpiration supplementary amount is smaller than the preset irrigation amount, accumulating the crop water transpiration amount in the next preset time period based on the crop water transpiration accumulated total amount, and irrigating the crops until the latest obtained crop water transpiration supplementary amount is larger than or equal to the preset irrigation amount. If the crop moisture transpiration supplementary amount in a plurality of continuous preset time periods is smaller than the preset irrigation amount, namely the requirement for supplementing water to the crops is not met, accumulating the crop moisture transpiration amount in the next preset time period on the basis of the crop moisture transpiration total amount until the latest obtained crop moisture transpiration supplementary amount is larger than or equal to the preset irrigation amount, namely the requirement for supplementing water to the crops is met, and then irrigating the crops.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the method for determining water-saving irrigation of winter wheat according to the embodiments of the present invention for obtaining the total amount of crop water transpiration in a plurality of consecutive preset time periods includes:
obtaining the crop moisture transpiration amount of the crop in each preset time period based on the crop moisture transpiration amount simulation model and meteorological parameters for obtaining the crop moisture transpiration amount;
and obtaining the total crop moisture transpiration amount based on the crop moisture transpiration amounts, wherein the crop moisture transpiration amount simulation model is used for simulating and obtaining the crop moisture transpiration amounts of the crops in each preset time period according to the meteorological parameters. Simulating the crop moisture transpiration amount of the crop in each preset time period according to the acquired meteorological parameters and the crop moisture transpiration amount simulation model; and accumulating the crop water transpiration amount in each preset time period to obtain the crop water transpiration total amount in the continuous preset time periods, namely
Wherein ET is the total crop water transpiration amount in a plurality of continuous preset time periods; ETaThe crop moisture transpiration amount in each preset time period is calculated; r0For last irrigation to the accumulated rainfall of this irrigation, R0Rf (t) is the instantaneous rainfall (mm).
On the basis of the above embodiments, the method for determining water-saving irrigation of winter wheat according to the embodiments of the present invention, based on the crop water transpiration simulation model and the meteorological parameters for obtaining the crop water transpiration, specifically obtains the crop water transpiration of the crop in each preset time period as follows:
obtaining the potential transpiration amount of the crop moisture in each preset time period based on the simulation model of the crop moisture transpiration amount, the net solar radiation amount, and the corresponding average air humidity, average air temperature and average wind speed in each preset time period;
and obtaining the crop moisture transpiration amount based on the crop moisture potential transpiration amount and the crop coefficient. Namely, the meteorological parameters in the winter wheat water-saving irrigation decision method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise the solar net solar radiation amount, and the corresponding average air humidity, average air temperature and average wind speed in each preset time period, wherein the crop water transpiration simulation model is as follows:
λ＝0.251-0.002361*AirTAvg，
Δ＝0.200*[0.00738AirTAvg+0.8072]7-0.000116，
ed＝RHAvg×es，
AirTAvgthe average air temperature is obtained, and AirT (t) is the air temperature at the height of 2m which is captured from the meteorological station in real time after the sampling frequency is set; gamma and lambda are both coefficients; u. of2Is the average wind speed; WS (t) is wind speed 2m high; RH (relative humidity)AvgIs the average air humidity; rh (t) is the humidity of the air captured in real time from the weather station at 2m height; obtaining the potential crop moisture transpiration ET through the solar net radiation amount and corresponding average air humidity, average air temperature, average wind speed and moisture transpiration simulation models in all preset time periods0Obtaining the crop moisture transpiration amount through the crop moisture potential transpiration amount and the crop coefficient, wherein ETa＝Kc*ET0/(24*60/T)，ETaThe water transpiration volume, K, of the crops in each preset time periodcIs the crop coefficient.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the water-saving irrigation decision method for winter wheat provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises the following steps:
and adjusting the irrigation quantity of the crops according to different water supplement requirements of the crops in different growth periods, wherein the irrigation quantity is a percentage proportion value of the water transpiration supplement quantity of the crops. That is, when the crops are in different growth periods, the required water supplement demand is not very same, so the irrigation quantity can be adjusted according to the specific growth period to meet the water supplement demand of the crops, wherein the irrigation quantities in the specific different growth periods are as follows: i ═ KixSxET, wherein ET is a plurality of continuous preset timesThe total amount of crop water transpiration in the section; s is the crop planting area; kiIs the irrigation coefficient.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the water-saving irrigation decision method for winter wheat provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises the following steps:
and obtaining the seasonal irrigation times of the crops according to the seasonal total irrigation quantity required by the crops and the irrigation quantity for irrigating the crops each time. Dividing the seasonal irrigation of crops into small irrigation quantities for one time or 2 times, and irrigating with the above irrigation quantities each time, but keeping the total seasonal total irrigation quantity unchanged, thereby obtaining the seasonal irrigation times of crops, for example, for winter wheat, the method comprises supplementing 75mm deep irrigation quantity in the flowering period and 75mm deep irrigation quantity in the fruiting period, and when the irrigation area is 100m2At the time, the total irrigation amount is
According to the above embodiment, the preset irrigation quantity is 100L/m2If the water is required to be supplemented for 15 times in total, the accumulated total irrigation quantity is more than or equal to the total irrigation quantity, that is, the water-saving irrigation decision method for the winter wheat provided by the embodiment needs to perform irrigation judgment for 15 times.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a winter wheat water-saving irrigation control device, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the winter wheat water-saving irrigation control device provided by the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the device comprises a first processing module 21 and a second processing module 22, wherein the first processing module 21 is used for acquiring the total crop moisture transpiration amount in a plurality of continuous preset time periods and the total rainfall amount in the preset time period, and acquiring the crop moisture transpiration supplement amount in the preset time period based on the total crop moisture transpiration amount and the total rainfall amount; and the second processing module 22 is configured to compare the crop moisture transpiration supplementary amount with a preset irrigation amount, and irrigate the crop if the crop moisture transpiration supplementary amount is greater than or equal to the preset irrigation amount, where: the preset irrigation quantity is a judgment threshold value for judging whether the crops need to be irrigated by water.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention provides water-saving irrigation control for winter wheatThe device obtains the total crop water transpiration amount in a plurality of continuous preset time periods and the total rainfall in the preset time periods through the first processing module 21, and obtains the crop water transpiration supplement amounts in the plurality of continuous preset time periods, wherein each preset time period can be set according to requirements, for example, when winter wheat is irrigated in a water-saving mode, the preset time period can be set to be 10min, and the crop water transpiration supplement amounts in the plurality of continuous time periods are the difference between the obtained total crop water transpiration amount in the continuous preset time periods and the obtained total rainfall; the second processing module 22 obtains the amount of the crop water transpiration supplementary amount and the preset irrigation amount in a plurality of continuous preset time periods in a comparison manner, if the amount of the crop water transpiration supplementary amount is greater than or equal to the preset irrigation amount, the crop is irrigated, wherein the preset time periods are equal time periods, the preset irrigation amount is a judgment threshold value for judging whether the crop needs to be irrigated by water, the judgment threshold value can be set according to the requirements of the crop irrigation, such as a wet soil surface layer, a root system part, a root zone small environment regulation and the like, so that water can be saved and the water demand for crop growth can be met, for example, when winter wheat is irrigated, the preset irrigation amount can be set to be 100L/m2That is, if the obtained crop water transpiration supplement amount in a plurality of continuous preset time periods is larger than or equal to the preset irrigation amount, the crop can be irrigated, and the requirement of once water supplement amount is met, namely, irrigation cannot be carried out, and water resource waste cannot be caused.
The winter wheat water-saving irrigation control device provided by the embodiment of the invention judges whether crops need to be irrigated or not by comparing the obtained total amount of the crop water transpiration in the continuous preset time period with the preset irrigation amount, irrigates the crops if the total amount of the crop water transpiration is greater than or equal to the preset irrigation amount, and temporarily does not irrigate if the total amount of the crop water transpiration is less than the preset irrigation amount, wherein the preset irrigation amount is a judgment threshold value for judging whether the crops need to be irrigated or not, and the judgment threshold value is set according to the water replenishing requirements of the crops at the time, such as wetting the surface layer of soil, the root part, regulating the small environment of a root zone and the like.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a water-saving irrigation control system for winter wheat, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the water-saving irrigation control system for winter wheat provided by the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the system includes:
controller 31, information acquisition module 32, memory cell 33 and touch host computer 34, memory cell 33, information acquisition module 32 and touch host computer 34 all with controller 31 communication connection, wherein:
the controller 31 is used for realizing the water-saving irrigation decision method for the winter wheat provided by the embodiment of the invention;
the information acquisition module 32 is used for acquiring meteorological parameters and transmitting the meteorological parameters to the controller 31;
the storage unit 33 is used for storing the meteorological parameters acquired by the information acquisition module 32;
and the touch upper computer 34 is used for displaying the system operation state and inputting a system operation control instruction.
Specifically, the controller 31 is internally provided with a winter wheat water-saving irrigation decision algorithm which comprises farmland meteorological information acquisition software, model-based irrigation quantity accurate decision software and a small amount of multi-variable irrigation control software, can receive data uploaded by an information acquisition module and converts the data into a logic control instruction; the storage unit 33 stores user setting information, acquisition information, and control instructions; the touch upper computer 34 provides a human-computer interaction interface, a manager is allowed to input control parameters such as planting area and the like, irrigation priority and the like are configured so as to adapt to different irrigation modes, the universality of the system is improved, and the touch upper computer software can realize the following functions of manual automatic switching; secondly, displaying functions in real time, wherein the functions comprise monitoring system operation conditions, meteorological data, flow data and partial calculation results; thirdly, controlling the parameter setting function, including the evaporation transpiration amount of the critical reference crops, namely the preset irrigation amount in the above embodiments, and inputting the planting area S (m)2) (ii) a Data query and storage functions, the information acquisition module 32 acquires meteorological parameters and transmits the meteorological parameters to the controller 31, and the sensors used in the information acquisition module 32 comprise a flow sensor, a rainfall sensor and a wind speed sensorThe system comprises a sensor, an air temperature sensor, an air humidity sensor and a total radiation sensor, wherein the information acquisition module 32 adopts signal denoising, signal amplification and analog-to-digital conversion technologies to preprocess information acquired by a sensing unit; the information transmission module sends the digital signal to the irrigation strategy analysis module by adopting a Modbus protocol and transmits a control instruction issued by the irrigation strategy analysis module; wherein in order to guarantee that irrigation is still not influenced under the condition of water supply failure in the production area, and simultaneously guarantee that irrigation equipment uniformly discharges water, irrigation can also be carried out by using a mode of a clean water source, a liquid storage barrel and a constant-pressure water pump, and the field is matched with a subarea irrigation valve.
The winter wheat water-saving irrigation control system provided by the embodiment of the invention acquires meteorological parameters through the information acquisition module and transmits the meteorological parameters to the controller, and the controller judges whether to irrigate crops according to the preset irrigation quantity set in the module and the received meteorological parameters, so that the winter wheat water-saving irrigation control system finishes the strategy judgment of whether to irrigate the crops according to the acquired meteorological parameters and the set preset irrigation quantity.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiments, the water-saving irrigation control system for winter wheat provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes irrigation implementation equipment, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the irrigation implementation equipment in the water-saving irrigation control system for winter wheat provided by the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the irrigation implementation equipment includes a clean water source 41, a filter 42, a flow meter 43, an irrigation main pipe 44, an irrigation branch pipe 45, and a drip irrigation facility 46, and the water-saving irrigation control system for winter wheat provided by the embodiment of the present invention completes irrigation on crops through the irrigation implementation equipment.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, fig. 5 is a schematic physical structure diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the electronic device includes: a processor (processor)510, a communication Interface (Communications Interface)520, a memory (memory)530, and a bus 540, wherein the processor 510, the communication Interface 520, and the memory 530 communicate with each other via the bus 540. Processor 510 may call logic instructions in memory 530 to perform the following method: acquiring the total crop moisture transpiration amount in a plurality of continuous preset time periods and the total rainfall in the preset time period, and acquiring the crop moisture transpiration supplement amount in the preset time period based on the total crop moisture transpiration amount and the total rainfall;
comparing the crop water transpiration supplementary quantity with the preset irrigation quantity, and irrigating the crops if the crop water transpiration supplementary quantity is more than or equal to the preset irrigation quantity, wherein: the preset irrigation quantity is a judgment threshold value for judging whether the crops need to be irrigated by water.
Furthermore, the logic instructions in the memory 530 may be implemented in the form of software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when the software functional units are sold or used as independent products. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, where the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions enable a computer to execute the winter wheat water-saving irrigation decision method provided in the foregoing embodiment, for example, the method includes: acquiring the total crop moisture transpiration amount in a plurality of continuous preset time periods and the total rainfall in the preset time period, and acquiring the crop moisture transpiration supplement amount in the preset time period based on the total crop moisture transpiration amount and the total rainfall;
comparing the crop water transpiration supplementary quantity with the preset irrigation quantity, and irrigating the crops if the crop water transpiration supplementary quantity is more than or equal to the preset irrigation quantity, wherein: the preset irrigation quantity is a judgment threshold value for judging whether the crops need to be irrigated by water.
Embodiments of the electronic device and non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of the present invention are specific flowcharts and details for implementing the above method embodiments, and are not described herein with reference to the above method embodiments.
To more specifically explain the water-saving irrigation decision method for winter wheat provided by the embodiment of the present invention, a more detailed embodiment is further described, fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a specific embodiment of the water-saving irrigation decision method for winter wheat provided by the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the embodiment of the present invention focuses on improvement of water utilization efficiency and microclimate regulation in a root zone, based on actual water evapotranspiration of crops, a critical comparison method is adopted, a cutting time interval is adopted, an actual water consumption condition in the time interval is decided at regular intervals, a soil surface layer wetting layer is filled in time, and a small number of water replenishment ways are adopted to maximize water utilization efficiency, and the method includes:
and step 64, continuously accumulating the crop moisture transpiration amount within each 10min, and calculating the difference between the accumulated rainfall amount after the last irrigation and the actual transpiration amount after the last irrigation, namely the accumulated crop moisture transpiration total amount, comparing the crop moisture transpiration total amount with a preset irrigation amount, namely 100L (liter), starting irrigation if the crop moisture transpiration total amount is larger than the preset irrigation amount, or accumulating the crop moisture transpiration amount within the next 10min until the crop moisture transpiration total amount is larger than the preset irrigation amount.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, but rather, the present invention may be modified and changed by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A water-saving irrigation decision method for winter wheat is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the total crop moisture transpiration amount in a plurality of continuous preset time periods and the total rainfall in the preset time period, and acquiring the crop moisture transpiration supplement amount in the preset time period based on the total crop moisture transpiration amount and the total rainfall;
comparing the crop water transpiration supplementary amount with a preset irrigation amount, and irrigating the crop if the crop water transpiration supplementary amount is greater than or equal to the preset irrigation amount, wherein: the preset irrigation quantity is a judgment threshold value for judging whether the crops need to be subjected to water irrigation or not;
the step of obtaining the total crop water transpiration amount in a plurality of continuous preset time periods comprises the following steps:
obtaining the crop moisture transpiration amount of the crop in each preset time period based on a crop moisture transpiration amount simulation model and meteorological parameters for obtaining the crop moisture transpiration amount;
obtaining the total crop moisture transpiration amount based on each crop moisture transpiration amount, wherein the crop moisture transpiration amount simulation model is used for simulating and obtaining the crop moisture transpiration amount of the crop in each preset time period according to the meteorological parameters; the method for obtaining the crop moisture transpiration amount in each preset time period based on the crop moisture transpiration amount simulation model and the meteorological parameters for obtaining the crop moisture transpiration amount specifically comprises the following steps:
obtaining the potential crop moisture transpiration amount in each preset time period based on the crop moisture transpiration amount simulation model, the sun net radiant quantity and the corresponding average air humidity, average air temperature and average wind speed in each preset time period;
obtaining the crop water transpiration amount based on the crop water potential transpiration amount and a crop coefficient;
wherein, the crop water transpiration amount simulation model is as follows:
ETa＝Kc*ET0/(24*60/T)
wherein, ETaFor each predetermined time periodAmount of crop water transpiration, KcTo crop coefficient, ET0The potential transpiration amount of crop moisture; rnIs the net solar radiation dose,
RS (T) is the unit net radiant quantity of the irrigation layer, T refers to time, the T refers to a preset time period, and the T refers to the sum of every second according to the time;
when the crop is winter wheat, the other coefficients in the partial transpiration simulation model are as follows:
λ＝0.251-0.002361*AirTAvg，
Δ＝0.200*[0.00738AirTAvg+0.8072]7-0.000116，
ed＝RHAvg×es，
wherein, AirTAvgThe average air temperature is AirT (t), and the air temperature is obtained after the sampling frequency is set; gamma and lambda are both coefficients; u. of2Is the average wind speed; WS (t) wind speed; RH (relative humidity)AvgIs an averageAir humidity; RH (t) is the air humidity.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and if the crop water transpiration supplementary amount is smaller than the preset irrigation amount, accumulating the crop water transpiration amount in the next preset time based on the crop water transpiration total amount until the latest obtained crop water transpiration supplementary amount is larger than or equal to the preset irrigation amount, and then irrigating the crops.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and adjusting the irrigation quantity of the crops according to different water supplement requirements of the crops in different growth periods, wherein the irrigation quantity is a percentage proportion value of the water transpiration supplement quantity of the crops.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
and obtaining the seasonal irrigation times of the crops according to the seasonal total irrigation quantity required by the crops and the irrigation quantity for irrigating the crops each time.
5. The utility model provides a winter wheat water-saving irrigation controlling means which characterized in that includes:
the first processing module is used for acquiring the total crop moisture transpiration amount in a plurality of continuous preset time periods and the total rainfall in the preset time period, and acquiring the crop moisture transpiration supplement amount in the preset time period based on the total crop moisture transpiration amount and the total rainfall;
the second processing module is used for comparing the crop moisture transpiration supplementary amount with a preset irrigation amount, and irrigating the crop if the crop moisture transpiration supplementary amount is greater than or equal to the preset irrigation amount, wherein: the preset irrigation quantity is a judgment threshold value for judging whether the crops need to be subjected to water irrigation or not;
the step of obtaining the total crop water transpiration amount in a plurality of continuous preset time periods comprises the following steps:
obtaining the crop moisture transpiration amount of the crop in each preset time period based on a crop moisture transpiration amount simulation model and meteorological parameters for obtaining the crop moisture transpiration amount;
obtaining the total crop moisture transpiration amount based on each crop moisture transpiration amount, wherein the crop moisture transpiration amount simulation model is used for simulating and obtaining the crop moisture transpiration amount of the crop in each preset time period according to the meteorological parameters; the method for obtaining the crop moisture transpiration amount in each preset time period based on the crop moisture transpiration amount simulation model and the meteorological parameters for obtaining the crop moisture transpiration amount specifically comprises the following steps:
obtaining the potential crop moisture transpiration amount in each preset time period based on the crop moisture transpiration amount simulation model, the sun net radiant quantity and the corresponding average air humidity, average air temperature and average wind speed in each preset time period;
obtaining the crop water transpiration amount based on the crop water potential transpiration amount and a crop coefficient;
wherein, the crop water transpiration amount simulation model is as follows:
ETa＝Kc*ET0/(24*60/T)
wherein, ETaThe water transpiration volume, K, of the crops in each preset time periodcTo crop coefficient, ET0The potential transpiration amount of crop moisture; rnIs the net solar radiation dose,
RS (T) is the unit net radiant quantity of the irrigation layer, T refers to time, the T refers to a preset time period, and the T refers to the sum of every second according to the time;
when the crop is winter wheat, the other coefficients in the partial transpiration simulation model are as follows:
λ＝0.251-0.002361*AirTAvg，
Δ＝0.200*[0.00738AirTAvg+0.8072]7-0.000116，
ed＝RHAvg×es，
wherein, AirTAvgThe average air temperature is AirT (t), and the air temperature is obtained after the sampling frequency is set; gamma and lambda are both coefficients; u. of2Is the average wind speed; WS (t) wind speed; RH (relative humidity)AvgIs the average air humidity; RH (t) is the air humidity.
6. The utility model provides a winter wheat water-saving irrigation control system which characterized in that includes:
controller, information acquisition module, memory cell and touch host computer, the memory cell the information acquisition module with touch host computer all with controller communication connection, wherein:
the controller is used for realizing the water-saving irrigation decision method for the winter wheat according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring meteorological parameters and transmitting the meteorological parameters to the controller;
the storage unit is used for storing the meteorological parameters acquired by the information acquisition module;
and the touch upper computer is used for displaying the system running state and inputting a system running control instruction.
7. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program implements the steps of the winter wheat water conservation irrigation decision method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
8. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements the steps of the winter wheat water saving irrigation decision method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN110214506A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-10 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | Liquid manure management-control method and system |
| CN110896761B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2022-09-16 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Irrigation decision-making method and system for greenhouse |
| CN111008770B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2023-10-03 | 北京林业大学 | Intelligent irrigation method and device |
| CN112166978B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-08-12 | 山东农业大学 | Double-width subarea supplementary irrigation high-yield water-saving planting method for wheat |
| CN112314414B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2023-01-03 | 上海国兴农现代农业发展股份有限公司 | Automatic control method for tide irrigation plug crops |
| CN112931166B (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-06-03 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Variable irrigation management decision method |
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| CN114946617B (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2023-08-11 | 黄河水利职业技术学院 | Water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation system based on satellite remote sensing and control method thereof |
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