CN109444598B - Performance test method of super capacitor - Google Patents
Performance test method of super capacitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN109444598B CN109444598B CN201811458531.XA CN201811458531A CN109444598B CN 109444598 B CN109444598 B CN 109444598B CN 201811458531 A CN201811458531 A CN 201811458531A CN 109444598 B CN109444598 B CN 109444598B
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Abstract
The application provides a performance test method of a super capacitor, which comprises the following steps: initializing the super capacitor; performing charge-discharge cycling on the supercapacitor; standing the super capacitor according to preset time; and performing performance test on the super capacitor, and judging the cycle performance of the super capacitor according to test data. According to the method and the device, the cycle performance of the super capacitor is estimated by performing charge-discharge cycle test on the super capacitor, the problem that the current constant current charge-discharge is inconsistent with the actual application working condition is solved, and the cycle performance of the super capacitor can be evaluated reliably and effectively.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of detection of super capacitors, in particular to a method for testing the cycle performance of a super capacitor.
Background
As a power type energy storage device, the super capacitor has the excellent characteristics of high output power, high response speed, long service life, maintenance-free property and the like, can realize megawatt power compensation, and has wide application prospect in the fields of power frequency modulation, power distribution terminal power supply, power quality adjustment and the like.
The reliability is a prerequisite and most concerned problem of the application of the energy storage device in the field of large-scale energy storage, and the service life prediction of the energy storage device has important significance for the decision, design, operation and maintenance of the energy storage system. Standard GB/T34870.1-2017 Pair superThe method for testing the cycle performance of the capacitor comprises the following steps: (1) charging the capacitor cell to a nominal voltage U with a constant current IRStanding for 5 s; (2) charging capacitor monomer to lowest working voltage U with constant current IminStanding for 5 s; (ii) a (3) Repeating the steps (1) to (2)2000 times; (4) standing for 12 h; (5) recording the internal resistance and the capacity of a single capacitor, jumping to the next step if the limited values of the capacity and the internal resistance of the double electric layer/hybrid super capacitor are met and no electrolyte leaks, otherwise, judging that the capacitor is not qualified and finishing the test; (6) repeating the steps (1) to (5) n times. The hybrid capacitor n is 5 and the electric double layer capacitor n is 10. At present, the evaluation of the cycle performance of the super capacitor still remains in the current test method in the fields of electronic components and rail transit, and a constant current charging and discharging evaluation mode similar to the standard GB/T34870.1-2017 is mostly adopted. For application occasions requiring frequent power charging and discharging, such as application occasions of the auxiliary frequency modulation system of a thermal power generating set or the energy recovery system, the difference between the test method and the actual application working condition is often large.
Therefore, a method for testing the cycle performance of the super capacitor in an electric power energy storage application scene needs to be established to effectively evaluate the cycle performance of the super capacitor in a power grid application scene and provide reliable support for the design, operation and maintenance of a super capacitor energy storage system.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a performance test method of a super capacitor, which solves the problem that the current constant current charging and discharging is not consistent with the practical application working condition, and can reliably and effectively evaluate the cycle performance of the super capacitor.
The application provides a performance test method of a super capacitor, which comprises the following steps:
initializing the super capacitor;
performing charge-discharge cycling on the supercapacitor; wherein, the charge-discharge link specifically includes: discharging the super capacitor according to a first discharging constant power and a first preset time length;
discharging the super capacitor according to a second discharging constant power and a second preset time length;
discharging the super capacitor according to a third discharging constant power and a third preset time length;
charging the super capacitor according to a first charging constant power and the first preset time length;
charging the super capacitor according to a second charging constant power and the second preset time length;
charging the super capacitor according to a third charging constant power and the third preset time length;
discharging the super capacitor according to the third discharging constant power and the third preset time length;
discharging the super capacitor according to the second discharging constant power and the second preset time length;
discharging the super capacitor according to the first discharging constant power and the first preset time length;
charging the super capacitor according to the third charging constant power and the third preset time length;
charging the super capacitor according to the second charging constant power and the second preset time length;
charging the super capacitor according to the first charging constant power and the first preset time length;
discharging the super capacitor according to the first discharging constant power until the voltage of the super capacitor is equal to a preset discharging voltage threshold;
charging the super capacitor at a constant voltage according to the preset discharge voltage threshold and a fourth preset time period;
standing the super capacitor according to preset time;
and performing performance test on the super capacitor, drawing a corresponding performance curve according to test data, and judging the cycle performance of the super capacitor according to the test data.
Preferably, the performing of the charge-discharge cycle on the supercapacitor specifically includes: initializing charge-discharge circulation of the super capacitor according to a preset charge-discharge threshold; and acquiring and recording the average initial charging energy and the average initial discharging energy of the super capacitor after the initialization charging and discharging circulation.
Preferably, the initializing charge-discharge cycle of the supercapacitor according to the preset charge-discharge threshold specifically includes:
discharging the super capacitor to a discharge cut-off voltage according to the rated discharge power, and standing for 10 s;
and charging the super capacitor to a charging cut-off voltage according to the rated charging power, and standing for 10 s.
Preferably, the performing of the charge-discharge cycle on the supercapacitor specifically includes: performing charge-discharge circulation on the super capacitor according to a preset circulation threshold value; and acquiring and recording the charging energy and the discharging energy of the super capacitor after the charging and discharging circulation.
Preferably, the performing a performance test on the supercapacitor, drawing a corresponding performance curve according to test data, and determining the cycle performance of the supercapacitor according to the test data specifically includes:
acquiring charging cycle energy and discharging cycle energy of the super capacitor after charging and discharging cycles according to the preset cycle threshold, and calculating the charging and discharging energy conservation rate and energy efficiency of the super capacitor according to the charging cycle energy, the discharging cycle energy, the average initial charging energy and the average initial discharging energy; and drawing a corresponding performance curve according to the charge-discharge energy conservation rate and the energy efficiency to judge the cycle performance of the super capacitor.
Preferably, the performing the performance test on the supercapacitor and determining the cycle performance of the supercapacitor according to the test data further includes:
and judging whether the internal resistance value is larger than a preset multiple of a nominal value, and if so, judging that the cycle performance of the super capacitor is unqualified.
Preferably, the preset time is specifically 12 hours.
Preferably, the preset cycle threshold is 250.
According to the technical scheme, the method has the following advantages:
the application provides a performance test method of a super capacitor, which comprises the following steps: initializing the super capacitor; performing charge-discharge cycling on the supercapacitor; wherein, the charge-discharge link specifically includes: discharging the super capacitor according to a first discharging constant power and a first preset time length; discharging the super capacitor according to a second discharging constant power and a second preset time length; discharging the super capacitor according to a third discharging constant power and a third preset time length; charging the super capacitor according to a first charging constant power and the first preset time length; charging the super capacitor according to a second charging constant power and the second preset time length; charging the super capacitor according to a third charging constant power and the third preset time length; discharging the super capacitor according to the third discharging constant power and the third preset time length; discharging the super capacitor according to the second discharging constant power and the second preset time length; discharging the super capacitor according to the first discharging constant power and the first preset time length; charging the super capacitor according to the third charging constant power and the third preset time length; charging the super capacitor according to the second charging constant power and the second preset time length; charging the super capacitor according to the first charging constant power and the first preset time length; discharging the super capacitor according to the first discharging constant power until the voltage of the super capacitor is equal to a pre-discharge voltage threshold; charging the super capacitor at constant voltage according to the preset discharge voltage threshold and a fourth preset time length; standing the super capacitor according to preset time; and performing performance test on the super capacitor, drawing a corresponding performance curve according to test data, and judging the cycle performance of the super capacitor according to the test data.
This application is through carrying out charge-discharge cycle test to ultracapacitor system and come to predict ultracapacitor system's cyclicity, has solved the inconsistent problem of present constant current charge-discharge and practical application operating mode, can carry out reliable effectual aassessment to ultracapacitor system's cyclicity.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for testing the performance of a supercapacitor provided in the present application;
FIG. 2 is a plot of current, voltage and power versus time for example 1 of a second embodiment of a method for testing the performance of a supercapacitor provided herein;
FIG. 3 is a cycle performance curve of example 1 of a second embodiment of a method for testing the performance of a supercapacitor provided herein;
FIG. 4 is a plot of current, voltage and power versus time for example 2 of a second embodiment of a method for testing the performance of a supercapacitor provided herein;
fig. 5 is a cycle performance curve of example 2 of a second embodiment of a method for testing the performance of an ultracapacitor provided by the present application.
Detailed Description
The application provides a performance test method of a super capacitor, which solves the problem that the current constant current charging and discharging is not consistent with the practical application working condition, and can reliably and effectively evaluate the cycle performance of the super capacitor.
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method for testing the performance of a super capacitor according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
The application provides a performance test method of a super capacitor, which comprises the following steps:
s1, initializing the super capacitor;
s2, performing charge-discharge circulation on the super capacitor; wherein, the charge-discharge link specifically includes: discharging the super capacitor according to the first discharging constant power and the first preset time length;
discharging the super capacitor according to the second discharging constant power and the second preset time length;
discharging the super capacitor according to the third discharging constant power and the third preset time length;
charging the super capacitor according to the first charging constant power and the first preset time length;
charging the super capacitor according to the second charging constant power and the second preset time length;
charging the super capacitor according to the third charging constant power and the third preset time length;
discharging the super capacitor according to the third discharging constant power and the third preset time length;
discharging the super capacitor according to the second discharging constant power and the second preset time length;
discharging the super capacitor according to the first discharging constant power and the first preset time length;
charging the super capacitor according to the third charging constant power and the third preset time length;
charging the super capacitor according to the second charging constant power and the second preset time length;
charging the super capacitor according to the first charging constant power and the first preset time length;
discharging the super capacitor according to the first discharging constant power until the voltage of the super capacitor is equal to the pre-discharge voltage threshold;
charging the super capacitor at a constant voltage according to a preset discharge voltage threshold and a fourth preset time period;
s3, standing the super capacitor according to the preset time;
and S4, performing performance test on the super capacitor, drawing a corresponding performance curve according to the test data, and judging the cycle performance of the super capacitor according to the test data.
It should be noted that, when the cycle performance test is performed on the supercapacitor, the specific steps include: the method comprises the steps of firstly initializing the super capacitor, carrying out charge-discharge circulation on the super capacitor after initialization until the circulation times reach a certain number, standing the super capacitor for a certain time, carrying out performance test on the super capacitor, drawing a corresponding performance curve according to test data, and judging the circulation performance of the super capacitor according to the obtained test data.
A second embodiment of the performance testing method for the supercapacitor provided by the present application will be described below:
further, performing charge-discharge cycling on the supercapacitor specifically includes: initializing charge-discharge circulation of the super capacitor according to a preset charge-discharge threshold value; and acquiring and recording the average initial charging energy and the average initial discharging energy of the super capacitor after the initialization charging and discharging circulation.
It should be noted that the initializing process for the super capacitor specifically includes the following steps:
(1) and pre-charging: (1) standing at 25 + -2 deg.C for 5 h; (2) and charging the super capacitor monomer to a rated voltage at a rated current.
(2) And judging the type of the super capacitor, wherein the type of the super capacitor comprises an electric double layer super capacitor, a hybrid super capacitor and a battery type super capacitor.
(3) Carrying out initialization charge-discharge circulation on the super capacitor;
(4) and testing the initial internal resistance of the super capacitor: carrying out internal resistance test on the super capacitor according to the standard GB/T34870.1-2017;
(5) and carrying out initialization charging on the super capacitor.
Further, initializing charging and discharging the super capacitor specifically includes: initializing charge-discharge circulation of the super capacitor according to a preset charge-discharge threshold value; and acquiring and recording the average initial charging energy and the average initial discharging energy of the super capacitor after the initialization charging and discharging circulation.
Further, initializing charge-discharge cycles of the supercapacitor according to the preset charge-discharge threshold specifically comprises:
discharging the super capacitor to a discharge cut-off voltage according to the rated discharge power, and standing for 10 s;
and charging the super capacitor to a charging cut-off voltage according to the rated charging power, and standing for 10 s.
It should be noted that, performing an initialization charge-discharge cycle on the supercapacitor specifically includes:
a) the super capacitor has rated discharge power Prdn’Discharge to discharge termination voltage UminStanding for 10 s;
b) super capacitor with rated charging power PrcnCharging to a charging termination voltage URAnd standing for 10 s.
Repeating the steps a) to b) for 3 times of charge-discharge cycles, taking the average value of the 3 charge-discharge cycles, and recording the average initial charge energy E of the super capacitor after the initialization charge-discharge cyclescn(Wh) and average initial discharge energy Edn’(Wh)；
After the charge-discharge cycle is completed, respectively carrying out initial internal resistance test on the super capacitor and carrying out initial charging on the super capacitor, wherein the initial charging is specifically to take P as the capacitor monomerrcnCharging to a constant power to a termination voltage UR。
Further, the charge-discharge cycle is followed by:
discharging the super capacitor according to the first discharging constant power until the voltage of the super capacitor is equal to the pre-discharge voltage threshold;
and charging the super capacitor at constant voltage according to the preset discharge voltage threshold and the fourth preset time length.
In addition to the above steps (1) to (5), a specific charge/discharge cycle specifically includes:
(6) super capacitor with M1Prdn’Constant power discharge n'/m1min；
(7) Super capacitor with M2Prdn’Constant power discharge n'/m2min；
(8) Super capacitor with M3Prdn’Constant power discharge n'/m3min；
(9) Super capacitor with M1PrcnConstant power charging n/m1min；
(10) Super capacitor with M2PrcnConstant power charging n/m2min；
(11) Super capacitor with M3PrcnConstant power charging n/m3min；
(12) Super capacitor with M3Prdn’Constant power discharge n'/m3min；
(13) Super capacitor with M2Prdn’Constant power discharge n'/m2min；
(14) Super capacitor with M1Prdn’Constant power discharge n'/m1min；
(15) Super capacitor with M3PrcnConstant power charging n/m3min；
(16) Super capacitor with M2PrcnConstant power charging n/m2min；
(17) Super capacitor with M1PrcnConstant power charging n/m1min；
(18) Super capacitor with M1Prdn’Discharging at constant power until the voltage is U1；
(19)U1Charging at constant voltage for mxn min under voltage;
repeating the circulation steps (6) - (19)250 times;
then standing for 12 h.
Further, performing a performance test on the supercapacitor, drawing a corresponding performance curve according to the test data, and judging the cycle performance of the supercapacitor according to the test data specifically includes:
acquiring charging cycle energy and discharging cycle energy of the super capacitor after charging and discharging cycles according to a preset cycle threshold, and calculating the charging and discharging energy conservation rate and energy efficiency of the super capacitor according to the charging cycle energy, the discharging cycle energy, the average initial charging energy and the average initial discharging energy; and drawing a corresponding performance curve according to the charge-discharge energy conservation rate and the energy efficiency to judge the cycle performance of the super capacitor.
The charge cycle energy and the discharge cycle energy at the end of the charge-discharge cycle of the super capacitor for 250 times are acquired, and the charge cycle energy and the average initial charge energy E are calculated according to the charge cycle energy and the average initial charge energy Ecn(Wh) calculating a charge energy retention rate and a corresponding charge energy efficiency of the ultracapacitor; according to the discharge cycle energy and the average initial discharge energy Edn’(Wh) calculating a discharge energy retention rate and a corresponding discharge energy efficiency of the supercapacitor; according to the charging energy retention rate, the charging energy efficiency, the discharging energy efficiency and the discharging energy efficiency which are obtained by calculation, a curve graph of the super capacitor changing along with the cycle number is made, and whether the super capacitor meets the following conditions is judged:
charge and discharge energy conservation rate: the charge and discharge energy retention rate of the qualified double-layer supercapacitor is not less than 90%, and the charge and discharge energy retention rate of the qualified hybrid supercapacitor and the qualified battery type supercapacitor is not less than 85%;
internal resistance changes: the internal resistance change of the qualified double-electric-layer super capacitor after the internal resistance test of the super capacitor is carried out according to the standard GB/T34870.1-2017 is not more than 1.5 times of the nominal value, and the internal resistance change of the qualified hybrid super capacitor and the qualified battery type super capacitor after the internal resistance test of the super capacitor is carried out according to the standard GB/T34870.1-2017 is not more than 2 times of the nominal value;
and judging whether the electrolyte leakage exists in the super capacitor or whether obvious appearance change exists in the super capacitor, wherein the cycle performance of the super capacitor can be judged to be qualified only if the super capacitor meets the judgment conditions and the conditions that the electrolyte leakage does not exist and the obvious appearance change does not exist.
Finally, repeating the steps (5) - (22) for 10-40 times, wherein the electric double layer super capacitor is repeated for 40 times, the hybrid super capacitor is repeated for 20 times, the battery type super capacitor is repeated for 10 times, and corresponding records are made;
and drawing a cyclic charge-discharge life curve under the test condition according to the recorded test data, so that the cyclic performance of the super capacitor under the actual power operation condition can be effectively evaluated, and a life reference basis is provided for the actual application of the super capacitor.
Wherein the parameters are defined as follows:
n: the rated charge minute rate of the supercapacitor, which is equal to the rated charge energy/rated charge power of the supercapacitor 60, and is selected from the following values: 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16;
n': the rated discharge minute rate of the supercapacitor, which is equal to the rated discharge energy/rated discharge power of the supercapacitor 60, is selected from the following values: 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16;
Ercn: rated charge energy of n minutes, the unit of capacitor unit and module is Wh。
Erdn’: rated discharge energy of n' minutes, capacitor unit and module unit being Wh。
Prcn: and (3) the rated charging power of n minutes, the unit of the capacitor monomer is W, and the unit of the capacitor module is kW.
Prdn’: and n' minute rated discharge power, wherein the unit of the capacitor monomer is W, and the unit of the capacitor module is kW.
UR: rated maximum operating voltage, V;
Umin: rated minimum operating voltage, V;
IR: rated current of the capacitor, a;
r: capacitor internal resistance, Ω;
in steps (6) to (17), M1～M30.25 to 4, and M1<M2<M3Preferably, M is1＝1， M2＝2，M3＝3；m1～m30.25 to 16, and m1<m2<m3, preferably, m1＝4，m2＝8， m 312; at the same time, MiAnd miShould also satisfy
U in step (18)1Is Umin～0.9URPreferably, U is1Selection (U)R+Umin)/2。
M in the step (19) is 1-6, preferably, m is 3.
Further, the performance test of the super capacitor and the judgment of the cycle performance of the super capacitor according to the test data further comprise:
and judging whether the internal resistance value is larger than the preset multiple of the nominal value, if so, judging that the cycle performance of the super capacitor is unqualified.
Further, the preset time is specifically 12 hours.
Further, the preset loop threshold is specifically 250.
The second embodiment of the present application will be further explained below by two specific examples:
example 1:
(1) test objects: a manufacturer nominal capacity is 3000F double electric layer super capacitor monomer;
(2) testing an instrument: a battery test system (measurement range is 0-5V, 100A, test precision is plus or minus 0.05% FS); a high-low temperature box (-40-65 ℃); the above instruments were calibrated by metrology.
(3) The testing steps are as follows:
(a) pre-charging
1) Standing at 25 + -2 deg.C for 5 h;
2) the capacitor cell is charged to a nominal voltage of 2.7V at a nominal current of 45A.
(b) Initial charge and discharge
1) Discharging the capacitor monomer to 1.35V at the rated discharge power of 90W, and standing for 10 s;
2) the capacitor monomer is charged to 2.7V at the rated charging power of 90W and is kept still for 10 s.
3) Repeating the steps 1) to 2) for 3 times of charge-discharge circulation, taking the average value of 3 times of tests, and recording the initial charging energy Ecn(Wh), discharge energy Edn’(Wh)。
(c) Initial internal resistance test
And (4) carrying out internal resistance test on the super capacitor according to the standard GB/T34870.1-2017.
(d) Initializing charging, namely charging the capacitor monomer to 2.7V at a constant power of 90W according to the step 2) in the step (b);
(e) discharging the capacitor monomer for 1min at constant power of 40W;
(f) discharging the capacitor monomer at constant power of 80W for 0.5 min;
(g) discharging the capacitor monomer at constant power of 120W for 0.25 min;
(h) charging the capacitor monomer for 1min at constant power of 40W;
(i) charging the capacitor monomer for 0.5min at constant power of 80W;
(j) charging the capacitor monomer for 0.25min at constant power of 120W;
(k) discharging the capacitor monomer at constant power of 120W for 0.25 min;
(l) Discharging the capacitor monomer at constant power of 80W for 0.5 min;
(m) discharging the capacitor monomer for 1min at a constant power of 40W;
(n) charging the capacitor monomer for 0.25min at a constant power of 120W;
(o) charging the capacitor monomer at a constant power of 80W for 0.5 min;
(p) charging the capacitor monomer for 1min at a constant power of 40W;
(q) discharging the capacitor monomer at 40W constant power to a voltage of 2.26V;
(r) constant voltage charging at 2.26V for 5 min;
(s) repeating the cycling steps (d) - (r)250 times;
(t) standing for 12 h;
(u) detecting the charging energy, the discharging energy and the internal resistance of the capacitor monomer according to the testing methods of the steps (b) to (c), and calculating the charging energy and the discharging energy at the end of 250 cycles relative to the charging energy and the discharging energy at the end of the first cycle, and the energy conservation rate and the corresponding energy efficiency of the discharging energy; according to the test data, curve graphs of the charging energy conservation rate, the discharging energy conservation rate and the energy efficiency along with the change of the cycle number are made, if the following conditions are met:
-the charge and discharge energy conservation rate is not less than 90%;
-the internal resistance variation is not greater than 1.5 times the nominal value;
no electrolyte leakage or significant shape change.
And jumping to the next step, otherwise, judging that the test is unqualified and ending the test.
(v) And (4) repeating the steps (d) - (u) for 40 times, and making corresponding records.
The curves of the current, the voltage and the power of the steps (e) to (r) of the manufacturer A along with the time are shown in the attached figure 2, and the cycle performance curve is shown in the attached figure 3.
Example 2:
test objects: b manufacturer nominal capacity is 2500F lithium ion super capacitor monomer;
(2) testing an instrument: a battery test system (measurement range is 0-5V, 100A, test precision is plus or minus 0.05% FS); a high-low temperature box (-40-65 ℃); the above instruments were calibrated by metrology.
(3) The testing steps are as follows:
(a) pre-charging
a) Standing at 25 + -2 deg.C for 5 h;
b) the capacitor cell is charged to a nominal voltage of 3.8V at a nominal current of 30A.
(b) Initial charge and discharge
a) Discharging the capacitor monomer to 2.2V at the rated discharge power of 90W, and standing for 10 s;
b) the capacitor monomer is charged to 3.8V at the rated charging power of 90W and is kept still for 10 s.
c) Repeating the steps a) to b) for 3 times of charge-discharge circulation, taking the average value of 3 times of tests, and recording the initial charging energy Ecn(Wh), discharge energy Edn’(Wh)。
(c) Initial internal resistance test
And (4) carrying out internal resistance test on the super capacitor according to the standard GB/T34870.1-2017.
(d) Initializing charging, namely charging the capacitor monomer to 3.8V at a constant power of 90W according to the step b) of (b);
(e) discharging the capacitor monomer for 1min at a constant power of 50W;
(f) discharging the capacitor monomer for 0.5min at constant power of 100W;
(g) discharging the capacitor monomer at 150W constant power for 0.33 min;
(h) charging the capacitor monomer for 1min at a constant power of 50W;
(i) charging the capacitor monomer for 0.5min at constant power of 100W;
(j) charging the capacitor monomer for 0.33min at a constant power of 150W;
(k) discharging the capacitor monomer at 150W constant power for 0.33 min;
(l) Discharging the capacitor monomer for 0.5min at constant power of 100W;
(m) discharging the capacitor monomer for 1min at a constant power of 50W;
(n) charging the capacitor monomer at a constant power of 150W for 0.33 min;
(o) charging the capacitor monomer at 100W constant power for 0.5 min;
(p) charging the capacitor monomer for 1min at a constant power of 50W;
(q) discharging the capacitor monomer at a constant power of 50W to a voltage of 3.25V;
(r) constant voltage charging at 3.25V for 5 min;
(s) repeating the cycling steps (d) - (r)250 times;
(t) standing for 12 h;
(u) detecting the charging energy, the discharging energy and the internal resistance of the capacitor monomer according to the testing methods of the steps (b) to (c), and calculating the charging energy and the discharging energy at the end of 250 cycles relative to the charging energy and the discharging energy at the end of the first cycle, and the energy conservation rate and the corresponding energy efficiency of the discharging energy; according to the test data, curve graphs of the charging energy conservation rate, the discharging energy conservation rate and the energy efficiency along with the change of the cycle number are made, if the following conditions are met:
-the charge and discharge energy conservation rate is not less than 85%;
-the internal resistance variation is not greater than 2 times the nominal value;
no electrolyte leakage or significant shape change.
And jumping to the next step, otherwise, judging that the test is unqualified and ending the test.
(v) And (4) repeating the steps (d) to (u) for 20 times, and making corresponding records.
The curves of the current, the voltage and the power of the steps (e) to (r) of the manufacturer B along with the time are shown in the attached figure 4, and the cycle performance curve is shown in the attached figure 5.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A performance test method of a super capacitor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
initializing the super capacitor, specifically comprising: pre-charging the super capacitor; initializing charge-discharge cycles of the super capacitor, and acquiring and recording average initial charge energy and average initial discharge energy of the super capacitor after the initialization charge-discharge cycles; carrying out initial internal resistance test on the super capacitor, and recording the internal resistance value of the super capacitor; carrying out initialization charging on the super capacitor;
performing charge-discharge cycling on the supercapacitor; wherein, the charge-discharge link specifically includes: discharging the super capacitor according to a first discharging constant power and a first preset time length;
discharging the super capacitor according to a second discharging constant power and a second preset time length;
discharging the super capacitor according to a third discharging constant power and a third preset time length;
charging the super capacitor according to a first charging constant power and the first preset time length;
charging the super capacitor according to a second charging constant power and the second preset time length;
charging the super capacitor according to a third charging constant power and the third preset time length;
discharging the super capacitor according to the third discharging constant power and the third preset time length;
discharging the super capacitor according to the second discharging constant power and the second preset time length;
discharging the super capacitor according to the first discharging constant power and the first preset time length;
charging the super capacitor according to the third charging constant power and the third preset time length;
charging the super capacitor according to the second charging constant power and the second preset time length;
charging the super capacitor according to the first charging constant power and the first preset time length;
discharging the super capacitor according to the first discharging constant power until the voltage of the super capacitor is equal to a preset discharging voltage threshold;
charging the super capacitor at constant voltage according to the preset discharge voltage threshold and a fourth preset time length;
standing the super capacitor according to preset time;
performing performance test on the super capacitor, drawing a corresponding performance curve according to test data, and judging the cycle performance of the super capacitor according to the test data, specifically, obtaining the charge cycle energy and the discharge cycle energy of the super capacitor after charge and discharge cycles according to the preset cycle threshold, and calculating the charge and discharge energy conservation rate and the energy efficiency of the super capacitor according to the charge cycle energy, the discharge cycle energy, the average initial charge energy and the average initial discharge energy; drawing a corresponding performance curve according to the charge-discharge energy conservation rate and the energy efficiency to judge the cycle performance of the super capacitor;
the performing the performance test on the super capacitor and judging the cycle performance of the super capacitor according to the test data further comprises:
and judging whether the internal resistance value is larger than a corresponding preset multiple of the nominal value, and if so, judging that the cycle performance of the supercapacitor is unqualified.
2. The method for testing the performance of the supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the initializing charge-discharge cycles of the supercapacitor specifically comprises: and initializing charge-discharge circulation of the super capacitor according to a preset charge-discharge threshold value.
3. The method for testing the performance of the supercapacitor according to claim 2, wherein initializing charge-discharge cycles of the supercapacitor according to the preset charge-discharge threshold specifically comprises:
discharging the super capacitor to a discharge cut-off voltage according to the rated discharge power, and standing for 10 s;
and charging the super capacitor to a charging cut-off voltage according to the rated charging power, and standing for 10 s.
4. The method for testing the performance of the supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the performing charge and discharge cycles on the supercapacitor specifically comprises: performing charge-discharge circulation on the super capacitor according to a preset circulation threshold value; and acquiring and recording the charging energy and the discharging energy of the super capacitor after the charging and discharging circulation.
5. The method for testing the performance of the supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the preset time is 12 hours.
6. The method for testing the performance of the supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the preset cycle threshold is 250.
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| CN112462186B (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2022-09-20 | 上海稊米汽车科技有限公司 | Test method for cycle life of super capacitor |
| CN113489098A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-08 | 南京绿索电子科技有限公司 | Automatic charging and discharging circulation device and method for super capacitor module |
| CN116540005B (en) * | 2023-07-06 | 2023-11-14 | 南通江海储能技术有限公司 | Energy storage testing method and system for super capacitor |
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