CN109085428B - Method and device for measuring internal resistance of super capacitor and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring internal resistance of super capacitor and computer readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a method, a device and equipment for measuring the internal resistance of a super capacitor, a computer readable storage medium and a computer program product comprising instructions, wherein the method provided by the application replaces the traditional constant current charge and discharge to detect the internal resistance of the super capacitor through constant power charge and discharge, and is more suitable for the operation condition of the practical application scene of electric energy storage; the method comprises the steps of acquiring a time point when the current of the single super capacitor is converted from the charging current to the discharging current and t during the process of charging and discharging the single super capacitor at constant power0And the internal resistance is calculated by combining the voltage measured for +30ms with a preset internal resistance calculation formula, the average value of the internal resistances calculated for three times is taken as the measured internal resistance, and the online measurement and detection of the internal resistance of the single super capacitor can be carried out in the actual power charging and discharging running state of the super capacitor.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electronic device detection, in particular to a method and a device for measuring internal resistance of a super capacitor and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
The super capacitor is an electrochemical energy storage device for realizing reversible storage of charges by utilizing physical or chemical action on an electrode and electrolyte interface, and compared with the traditional capacitor, the super capacitor has the capacitance of farad level and the storage capacity far higher than that of the traditional capacitor. As a power type energy storage device, compared with a secondary battery, the super capacitor has the excellent characteristics of high output power, high response speed, long service life, maintenance-free property and the like, can realize megawatt-level power compensation, and has wide application prospects in the fields of power frequency modulation, power distribution terminal power supply, power quality adjustment and the like.
The internal resistance is a key performance index influencing the quality of the super capacitor, and can reflect key performances of the super capacitor such as service life, self-discharge and the like. At present, the method for testing the internal resistance of the super capacitor is mainly based on an internal resistance testing method under the condition of constant current charging and discharging. The internal resistance measuring method of the standard QC/T741-2014 for the vehicle super capacitor comprises the following steps: (1) the capacitor monomer is charged to a rated voltage U by a constant current IRRecording the time as t0(ii) a (2) Discharging the capacitor monomer to the lowest working voltage U with a constant current IminRecord t0Voltage U at +30msi(ii) a (3) Repeating the steps (1) to (2) for 3 times; (4) calculating the DC internal resistance of the 3 rd cycle
As the internal resistance of the capacitor cell. According to a standard DL/T1652-2016 method for measuring the internal resistance of a super capacitor for an electric energy metering device, IEC 62391-1:2015 is referred to, and the specific method comprises the following steps: (1) charging the super capacitor in a constant current charging mode I, and continuing to charge for 30min after the voltage reaches the rated voltage; (2) discharging the super capacitor in an I constant current discharging mode; (3) measuring instantaneous change value delta U of voltage within 10ms3Internal DC resistance of super capacitor
In an actual energy storage system applied to a power grid, a super capacitor is charged and discharged under the condition of a power value under specific power, while a constant-current-based super capacitor internal resistance testing method causes the problem of inconsistency with the actual operation condition of the power grid energy storage system, and static voltage needs to be measured before and after charging and discharging when the internal resistance of the super capacitor is measured, so that the online measurement and detection of the internal resistance of the super capacitor are difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for measuring internal resistance of a super capacitor and a computer readable storage medium, and solves the technical problems that the existing method for measuring internal resistance of the super capacitor is based on constant current charging and discharging condition test, is inconsistent with the power charging and discharging operation condition of an electric energy storage practical application scene, and is difficult to realize online measurement and detection of internal resistance of the super capacitor.
In view of this, the first aspect of the present application provides a method for determining an internal resistance of a super capacitor, the method including:
101. at a first constant power P1Charging the super capacitor monomer, and when the voltage of the super capacitor monomer reaches a first preset voltage U1Then, acquiring a time point t at which the current of the single super capacitor is converted from the charging current to the discharging current0；
102. At a second constant power P2Discharging the super capacitor monomer, and when the voltage of the super capacitor monomer is reduced to a second preset voltage U2Then, the 30ms time t after the time point is obtained0+30ms measurement voltage Ui；
103. Circularly executing the step 101 to the step 102 for three times, respectively calculating a first internal resistance value, a second internal resistance value and a third internal resistance value of the super capacitor according to a preset internal resistance calculation formula, taking the average value of the first internal resistance value, the second internal resistance value and the third internal resistance value as the measured internal resistance value of the super capacitor, wherein the preset internal resistance calculation formula is
Preferably, said first constant power P1The value range is as follows: 0.25PRC～4PRCWherein P isRCThe rated charging power of the super capacitor is obtained.
Preferably, the first preset voltage U1The value range is as follows: 0.8UR～URWherein, URIs the rated voltage of the super capacitor.
Preferably, said second constant power P2The value range is as follows: 0.25PRD～4PRDWherein P isRDThe rated discharge power of the super capacitor.
Preferably, the second preset voltage U2The value range is as follows: u shapemin～0.7URWherein, URIs rated voltage of super capacitor, UminIs the lowest operating voltage of the supercapacitor.
The second aspect of the present application provides a supercapacitor internal resistance measurement device, including:
a first obtaining unit for obtaining the first constant power P1Charging the super capacitor monomer, and when the voltage of the super capacitor monomer reaches a first preset voltage U1Then, acquiring a time point t at which the current of the single super capacitor is converted from the charging current to the discharging current0；
A second obtaining unit for obtaining the second constant power P2Discharging the super capacitor monomer, and when the voltage of the super capacitor monomer is reduced to a second preset voltage U2Then, the 30ms time t after the time point is obtained0+30ms measurement voltage Ui；
A circulating unit, configured to repeatedly trigger the first obtaining unit and the second obtaining unit three times, respectively calculate a first internal resistance value, a second internal resistance value, and a third internal resistance value of the super capacitor according to a preset internal resistance calculation formula, and take an average value of the first internal resistance value, the second internal resistance value, and the third internal resistance value as a measured internal resistance value of the super capacitor, where the preset internal resistance calculation formula is
Preferably, said first constant power P1The value range is as follows:0.25PRC～4PRCwherein P isRCRated charging power for the super capacitor;
the first preset voltage U1The value range is as follows: 0.8UR～URWherein, URIs the rated voltage of the super capacitor;
the second constant power P2The value range is as follows: 0.25PRD～4PRDWherein P isRDRated discharge power of the super capacitor;
the second preset voltage U2The value range is as follows: u shapemin～0.7URWherein, URIs rated voltage of super capacitor, UminIs the lowest operating voltage of the supercapacitor.
A third aspect of the present application provides a supercapacitor internal resistance measuring device, comprising a processor and a memory:
the memory is used for storing program codes and transmitting the program codes to the processor;
the processor is configured to execute the steps of the method for determining the internal resistance of the supercapacitor according to the first aspect according to instructions in the program code.
A fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing program code for performing the method of the first aspect.
A fifth aspect of the present application provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the first aspect described above.
According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
the method provided by the application replaces the traditional constant current charging and discharging to detect the internal resistance of the super capacitor through constant power charging and discharging, and is more suitable for the operation condition of the practical application scene of power energy storage; by applying constant workIn the process of charging and discharging the super capacitor monomer, acquiring the time point when the current of the super capacitor monomer is converted from the charging current to the discharging current, and t0The internal resistance is calculated by combining the preset internal resistance calculation formula at the voltage of +30ms, the average internal resistance value calculated for three times is taken as the measured internal resistance, the internal resistance of the single super capacitor can be measured and detected on line in the actual power charging and discharging running state of the super capacitor, and the technical problems that the existing super capacitor internal resistance test method is based on the constant current charging and discharging condition test, is inconsistent with the power charging and discharging running working condition of the power energy storage actual application scene, and is difficult to realize the online measurement and detection of the internal resistance of the super capacitor are solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for measuring internal resistance of a supercapacitor in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for measuring internal resistance of a super capacitor according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a voltage-time relationship diagram of a method for measuring the internal resistance of the supercapacitor in the embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present application better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for measuring an internal resistance of a super capacitor, including:
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the supercapacitor cell may be a new supercapacitor cell that is not used, or may be a used supercapacitor cell, and in the embodiment of the present application, the first constant power P is used1Charging the super capacitor monomer, when the voltage of the super capacitor monomer reaches a first preset voltage U1Then, the time point t of converting the current of the single super capacitor from the charging current to the discharging current is obtained0. In the embodiment of the present application, the first constant power P1And a first preset voltage U1The method can be set according to the actually detected performance condition of the super capacitor, and the first constant power P is not required to be set in the embodiment of the application1And a first preset voltage U1The specific limitations are made.
It should be noted that, in order to meet the operation condition of the practical application scenario of the power energy storage, the charging and discharging conditions in the embodiment of the present application are charging and discharging based on constant power, and the second constant power P is used2Discharging the single super capacitor until the voltage of the single super capacitor is reduced to a second preset voltage U2Time, 30ms after the acquisition time point, time t0+30ms measurement voltage UiSecond constant power P2And a second preset voltage U2The method can be set according to the actually detected performance condition of the super capacitor, and the second constant power P is not required in the embodiment of the application2And a second preset voltage U2The specific limitations are made.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the formula is calculated by presetting the internal resistance
And calculating the first internal resistance value, the second internal resistance value and the third internal resistance value which are respectively measured for three times in a circulating manner, taking the average value of the first internal resistance value, the second internal resistance value and the third internal resistance value as the final single internal resistance value of the super capacitor, and obtaining an accurate and reliable measurement result.
The method provided by the application replaces the traditional constant current charging and discharging to detect the internal resistance of the super capacitor through constant power charging and discharging, and is more suitable for the operation condition of the practical application scene of power energy storage; the method comprises the steps of acquiring a time point when the current of the single super capacitor is converted from the charging current to the discharging current and t during the process of charging and discharging the single super capacitor at constant power0The internal resistance is calculated by combining the preset internal resistance calculation formula at the voltage of +30ms, the average internal resistance value calculated for three times is taken as the measured internal resistance, the internal resistance of the single super capacitor can be measured and detected on line in the actual power charging and discharging running state of the super capacitor, and the technical problems that the existing super capacitor internal resistance test method is based on the constant current charging and discharging condition test, is inconsistent with the power charging and discharging running working condition of the power energy storage actual application scene, and is difficult to realize the online measurement and detection of the internal resistance of the super capacitor are solved.
For convenience of understanding, referring to fig. 1, a method for determining an internal resistance of a super capacitor provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:
the method for measuring the internal resistance of the super capacitor comprises the following steps:
Further, a first constant power P1The value range is as follows: 0.25PRC～4PRCWherein P isRCThe rated charging power of the super capacitor is obtained.
It should be noted that the first constant power P1The value range is as follows: 0.25PRC～4PRCWherein P isRCThe rated charging power of the super capacitor is obtained. In the embodiment of the present application, the first constant power value is PRCThe detection effect is optimal.
Further, the first preset voltage U1The value range is as follows: 0.8UR～URWherein, URIs the rated voltage of the super capacitor.
It should be noted that the first preset voltage U1The value range is as follows: 0.8UR～URWherein, URIs the rated voltage of the super capacitor. In the embodiment of the present application, the first preset voltage U1Is taken as URThe detection effect is optimal.
Further, a second constant power P2The value range is as follows: 0.25PRD～4PRDWherein P isRDThe rated discharge power of the super capacitor.
It should be noted that the second constant power P2The value range is as follows: 0.25PRD～4PRDWherein P isRDThe rated discharge power of the super capacitor. In the embodiment of the present application, the second constant power P2Is taken as PRDThe detection effect is optimal.
Further, a second preset voltage U2The value range is as follows: u shapemin～0.7URWherein, URIs rated voltage of super capacitor, UminIs the lowest operating voltage of the supercapacitor.
It should be noted that the second preset voltage U2The value range is as follows: u shapemin～0.7URWherein, URIs the rated voltage of the super capacitor. In the embodiment of the present application, the second preset voltage U2Is 0.5URThe detection effect is optimal.
The above is another embodiment of the method for measuring the internal resistance of the super capacitor provided in the embodiment of the present application, and the following is an application example of the method for measuring the internal resistance of the super capacitor provided in the embodiment of the present application.
Referring to fig. 3, an application example of the method for measuring the internal resistance of the super capacitor provided in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:
test objects: the nominal capacity of manufacturer A is 3000F double-electric-layer super capacitor monomer, and the nominal capacity of manufacturer B is 3000F double-electric-layer super capacitor monomer.
Testing an instrument: a battery test system (measurement range is 0-5V, 100A, test precision is plus or minus 0.05% FS); a high-low temperature box (-40-65 ℃); the above instruments were calibrated by metrology.
The testing steps are as follows: (a) the super capacitor monomer has a first constant power P1Charging to a first preset voltage U1Recording the point of time t at which the current begins to be converted from a charging current to a discharging current0(ii) a (b) The super capacitor monomer is at a second constant power P2Discharge to a second preset voltage UiRecord t0Voltage U at +30msi(ii) a (c) Repeating the cycle of (a) - (b) 3 times; (d) according to the formula
And calculating the internal resistance of the super capacitor every time, and taking the average value of 3 times as the internal resistance value of the super capacitor.
In this application, the first constant power P1＝P290W, 135W; first preset voltage U12.7V; specified voltage U2＝1.35V。
Meanwhile, the internal resistance of the super capacitor is measured according to a test method of standard QC/T741-2014, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) the super capacitor monomer is charged to a rated voltage U at a third constant current IRRecording the time as t0(ii) a (2) Discharging the super capacitor monomer to the lowest working voltage U at a third constant current IminRecord t0Voltage U at +30msi(ii) a (3) Repeating the steps (1) to (2) for 3 times; (4) calculating the DC internal resistance of the 3 rd cycle
As the internal resistance of the capacitor cell.
Third constant current I ═ 45A, 67.5A; rated voltage UR2.7V; minimum operating voltage Umin＝1.35V。
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the charging and discharging currents of the comparative groups 1 and 2 are equal to the average current under the corresponding constant power condition, and the calculated values of the internal resistances of the two groups are only different by 1% and 2%, so that the accuracy is high; the charging and discharging currents of the comparison groups 3 and 4 are equal to the average current under the corresponding constant power condition, the calculated values of the internal resistances of the comparison groups are only different by 2 percent and 1 percent, and the accuracy is higher. Therefore, the testing method provided by the embodiment of the application has high accuracy and stability, can be suitable for super capacitors of different manufacturers, and has high universality.
The test method provided by the embodiment of the application has the advantages of high accuracy, stability, applicability to super capacitors of different manufacturers and high universality.
The above is an application example of the method for measuring the internal resistance of the super capacitor provided in the embodiment of the present application, and the following is an embodiment of the device for measuring the internal resistance of the super capacitor provided in the embodiment of the present application.
Referring to fig. 2, an apparatus for determining internal resistance of a super capacitor according to an embodiment of the present application includes:
a first obtaining unit 301 for obtaining a first constant power P1Charging the super capacitor monomer, when the voltage of the super capacitor monomer reaches a first preset voltage U1Then, the time point t of converting the current of the single super capacitor from the charging current to the discharging current is obtained0；
A second obtaining unit 302 for obtaining a second constant power P2Discharging the single super capacitor when the voltage of the single super capacitor is reduced to a second preset voltage U2Time, 30ms after the acquisition time point, time t0+30ms measurement voltage Ui；
A circulating unit 303, configured to repeatedly trigger the first obtaining unit 301 and the second obtaining unit three times, respectively calculate a first internal resistance value, a second internal resistance value, and a third internal resistance value of the super capacitor according to a preset internal resistance calculation formula, and take an average value of the first internal resistance value, the second internal resistance value, and the third internal resistance value as a measured internal resistance value of the super capacitor, where the preset internal resistance calculation formula is
Further, a first constant power P1The value range is as follows: 0.25PRC～4PRCWherein P isRCRated charging power for the super capacitor;
first preset voltage U1The value range is as follows: 0.8UR～URWherein, URIs the rated voltage of the super capacitor;
second constant power P2The value range is as follows: 0.25PRD～4PRDWherein P isRDRated discharge power of the super capacitor;
second preset voltage U2The value range is as follows: u shapemin～0.7URWherein, URIs rated voltage of super capacitor, UminIs the lowest operating voltage of the supercapacitor.
The application also provides an embodiment of a device for measuring the internal resistance of the super capacitor, which comprises a processor and a memory:
the memory is used for storing the program codes and transmitting the program codes to the processor;
the processor is used for executing any one of the above-mentioned supercapacitor internal resistance measuring methods according to instructions in the program codes.
The present application further provides an embodiment of a computer-readable storage medium for storing program codes for executing any one of the foregoing methods for determining internal resistance of a supercapacitor.
The present application also provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform any one of the methods of determining the internal resistance of a supercapacitor as claimed in the preceding claims.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description of the application and the above-described figures, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be substantially implemented or contributed to by the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A method for measuring the internal resistance of a super capacitor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
101. at a first constant power P1Charging the super capacitor monomer, and when the voltage of the super capacitor monomer reaches a first preset voltage U1Then, acquiring a time point t at which the current of the single super capacitor is converted from the charging current to the discharging current0；
102. At a second constant power P2Discharging the super capacitor monomer, and when the voltage of the super capacitor monomer is reduced to a second preset voltage U2Then, the 30ms time t after the time point is obtained0+30ms measurement voltage Ui；
103. Step 101 to step 102 are executed circularly for three times, and the first internal resistance value and the second internal resistance value of the super capacitor are respectively calculated according to a preset internal resistance calculation formulaTaking the average value of the first internal resistance value, the second internal resistance value and the third internal resistance value as the measured internal resistance value of the super capacitor, wherein the preset internal resistance calculation formula is
2. The method for measuring the internal resistance of a supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the first constant power P1The value range is as follows: 0.25PRC～4PRCWherein P isRCThe rated charging power of the super capacitor is obtained.
3. The method for measuring the internal resistance of the supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the first preset voltage U is1The value range is as follows: 0.8UR～URWherein, URIs the rated voltage of the super capacitor.
4. The method for measuring the internal resistance of a supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the second constant power P2The value range is as follows: 0.25PRD～4PRDWherein P isRDThe rated discharge power of the super capacitor.
5. The method for measuring the internal resistance of the supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the second preset voltage U is2The value range is as follows: u shapemin～0.7URWherein, URIs rated voltage of super capacitor, UminIs the lowest operating voltage of the supercapacitor.
6. An ultracapacitor internal resistance measuring device, comprising:
a first obtaining unit for obtaining the first constant power P1Charging the super capacitor monomer, when the voltage of the super capacitor monomer reaches a first preset valueVoltage U1Then, acquiring a time point t at which the current of the single super capacitor is converted from the charging current to the discharging current0；
A second obtaining unit for obtaining the second constant power P2Discharging the super capacitor monomer, and when the voltage of the super capacitor monomer is reduced to a second preset voltage U2Then, the 30ms time t after the time point is obtained0+30ms measurement voltage Ui；
A circulating unit for repeatedly triggering the first obtaining unit and the second obtaining unit three times, respectively calculating a first internal resistance value, a second internal resistance value and a third internal resistance value of the super capacitor according to a preset internal resistance calculation formula, taking an average value of the first internal resistance value, the second internal resistance value and the third internal resistance value as a measured internal resistance value of the super capacitor, wherein the preset internal resistance calculation formula is
7. The supercapacitor internal resistance measurement device according to claim 6, wherein the first constant power P1The value range is as follows: 0.25PRC～4PRCWherein P isRCRated charging power for the super capacitor;
the first preset voltage U1The value range is as follows: 0.8UR～URWherein, URIs the rated voltage of the super capacitor;
the second constant power P2The value range is as follows: 0.25PRD～4PRDWherein P isRDRated discharge power of the super capacitor;
the second preset voltage U2The value range is as follows: u shapemin～0.7URWherein, URIs rated voltage of super capacitor, UminIs the lowest operating voltage of the supercapacitor.
8. An ultracapacitor internal resistance measuring device, comprising a processor and a memory:
the memory is used for storing program codes and transmitting the program codes to the processor;
the processor is used for executing the supercapacitor internal resistance measuring method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 according to instructions in the program codes.
9. A computer-readable storage medium for storing a program code for executing the supercapacitor internal resistance measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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