CN113359044A - Method, device and equipment for measuring residual capacity of battery - Google Patents
Method, device and equipment for measuring residual capacity of battery Download PDFInfo
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- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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Abstract
The application discloses a method, a device and equipment for measuring the residual capacity of a battery. The method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of obtaining the discharge capacity of a battery between a first moment and a current moment, wherein the battery starts to discharge at the first moment; acquiring a first residual capacity of the battery at the first moment and a second residual capacity of the battery at a second moment, and stopping discharging the battery at the second moment; and calculating the difference value of the first residual capacity and the sum of the discharge capacity and the second residual capacity to obtain the residual capacity of the battery at the current moment. The scheme realizes accurate calculation of the residual capacity of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, and a device for measuring a remaining capacity of a battery.
Background
The lithium battery is widely applied to electronic equipment at present, the volume requirement on the lithium battery is smaller and smaller, the energy density requirement is higher and higher, but the energy density of the lithium battery is difficult to break through. The lithium battery is required to have a set of accurate metering system to realize accurate calculation of the residual capacity of the lithium battery, and the electric quantity calculation method becomes a more and more important field for various large chip manufacturers and terminal equipment manufacturers.
After the existing battery is used for many times, characteristics such as battery capacity and the like can be changed, or after a use temperature environment is changed, an electricity meter cannot be accurately learned, and a metering error is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a method, a device and equipment for measuring the residual capacity of a battery, wherein the method can achieve the purpose of accurately calculating the residual capacity of the battery.
To achieve the above object, an aspect of the present application provides a method of measuring a remaining capacity of a battery, the method including:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining the discharge capacity of a battery between a first moment and a current moment, wherein the battery starts to discharge at the first moment;
acquiring a first residual capacity of the battery at the first moment and a second residual capacity of the battery at a second moment, and stopping discharging the battery at the second moment;
and calculating the difference value of the first residual capacity and the sum of the discharge capacity and the second residual capacity to obtain the residual capacity of the battery at the current moment.
To achieve the above object, one aspect of the present application provides a battery level measuring device, including:
the device comprises a voltage collector, a current collector, a temperature collector and a data processing module;
the output ends of the voltage collector, the current collector and the temperature collector are respectively connected with a data processing module;
the input ends of the voltage collector, the current collector and the temperature collector are connected with a battery to be tested.
The voltage collector is used for collecting voltages at two end points of the battery cell in real time and transmitting voltage values to the data processing module;
the current collector is used for collecting charging and discharging current data in real time and transmitting the charging and discharging current data to the data processing module;
the temperature collector samples the surface temperature data of the battery in real time and transmits the surface temperature data to the data processing module;
the data processing module is used for obtaining a battery characteristic model curve, the voltage value, the charging and discharging current data and the temperature data, and executing the method for measuring the battery residual capacity to obtain the battery residual capacity of the battery to be measured.
To achieve the above object, one aspect of the present application provides an apparatus including the above battery level measuring device.
The scheme can calculate the discharge capacity between the discharge starting time and the current time in real time, and then calculate the residual capacity of the current time according to the discharge capacity and the residual capacity when the discharge is started and stopped, wherein the discharge capacity is obtained by calculating in real time according to the current time, and the accurate calculation of the residual capacity of the battery at the current time can be realized. Because the chemical capacity can be updated in real time, the purpose of accurately tracking and calculating the residual capacity can be achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a first embodiment of a method for measuring remaining capacity of a battery according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an embodiment of step S11 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an embodiment of step S12 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of one embodiment of step S121 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of one embodiment of step S122 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart diagram illustrating one embodiment of step S1222 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a second embodiment of a method for measuring remaining battery capacity according to the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the apparatus for measuring battery capacity according to the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a data processing module of the device for measuring battery capacity according to the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a terminal for measuring battery capacity according to the present application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a memory device according to the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth such as particular system structures, interfaces, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application.
The terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably herein. The term "and/or" herein is merely an association describing an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B, may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and the like, herein are used to distinguish similar or identical items of association. Further, the term "plurality" herein means two or more than two.
The following describes embodiments of the method for measuring the remaining capacity of a battery and related apparatus and devices.
In the present application, it is understood that in all the embodiments described below, the remaining capacity percentage, i.e., the percentage of the remaining available capacity and the available total capacity, generally, in measuring the battery capacity, the capacity of the battery may be abbreviated as a capacity, for example, the remaining capacity of the battery may be referred to as a remaining capacity. The battery may be a lithium battery.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for measuring remaining battery capacity according to the present application, which may include the following steps:
step S11: obtaining the discharge capacity of the battery between a first moment and a current moment, wherein the battery starts to discharge at the first moment;
and acquiring the discharge capacity between the first moment and the current moment of the battery, wherein the discharge capacity is marked as Qdsg, the moment when the battery starts to discharge is defined as the first moment, and the calculated discharge capacity is the electric quantity discharged in the time interval from the beginning of discharging to the current moment, so that the discharge capacity between the first moment and the current moment of the battery is acquired. Referring to fig. 2, the specific steps of step S11 are as follows:
step S111: acquiring a relation function of time and current;
the current collector is used for collecting the instant current value at each moment in the discharging process, time is used as an independent variable, current is used as a dependent variable, and a current-time function, namely a relation function of the current changing along with the time, can be obtained.
Step S112: and taking a relation function of time and current as an accumulated function, and calculating the electric quantity difference between the first moment and the current moment by utilizing coulomb integration to obtain the discharge capacity.
The discharge capacity is the electric quantity difference between the first moment and the current moment, and the discharge capacity can be calculated through a coulomb integral formula. Specifically, the coulomb integral formula is as follows:
where t0 is the first time, t is the current time, and I (t) is a current-time function. And taking a time interval formed by the first time and the current time as an accumulated interval and taking the relation function of the time and the current acquired in the step S112 as an accumulated function to perform coulomb integration calculation, and finally obtaining the electric quantity difference between the two times, namely calculating the discharge capacity.
Step S12: and acquiring a first residual capacity of the battery at a first moment and a second residual capacity of the battery at a second moment, and stopping discharging the battery at the second moment. Specifically, referring to fig. 3, the step S12 includes the following steps:
step S121: acquiring the absolute chemical capacity of the battery;
and acquiring the absolute chemical capacity of the battery, wherein the absolute chemical capacity is marked as Qabs and refers to the energy discharged by the battery when the battery is in a nearly unloaded state. Acquiring no-load voltages corresponding to any two no-load moments, and acquiring the residual capacity percentages corresponding to any two no-load moments through a no-load voltage discharge curve, wherein the no-load voltage discharge curve is a curve of voltage variation of a battery with no-load time and is recorded as an OCV curve; calculating the difference between the percentage of the remaining power corresponding to the first time and the current time, and calculating the ratio of the difference between the percentage of the discharging capacity and the percentage of the remaining power, so as to obtain the absolute chemical capacity, please refer to fig. 4 for step S121, which specifically includes the following steps:
step S1211: acquiring no-load voltages corresponding to any two moments, and acquiring the residual capacity percentages corresponding to any two no-load moments through a no-load voltage discharge curve;
and acquiring the no-load voltage corresponding to the first moment and the current moment in the no-load voltage discharge curve, further, the no-load voltage discharge curve also comprises the information of the percentage of the residual electric quantity, wherein the percentage of the no-load voltage is recorded as SOC. In other words, the no-load voltage corresponding to the first time and the current time is obtained, and the remaining capacity percentage corresponding to the first time and the current time can be obtained through the no-load voltage discharge curve.
Step S1212: and calculating the ratio of the discharge capacity between any two idle load moments to the percentage difference of the residual capacity to obtain the absolute chemical capacity, wherein the percentage difference of the residual capacity is the percentage difference of the residual capacity corresponding to any two idle load moments. For example, if the first time, i.e., the discharge start time and the current time, are taken as any two times, the calculation process is as follows: the discharge capacity calculated in step S11, the percentage of the remaining power corresponding to the current time and the first time acquired in step S121, the difference between the percentages of the remaining power corresponding to the first time and the current time, and the ratio between the discharge capacity and the difference between the percentages of the remaining power are calculated to obtain the absolute chemical capacity. Specifically, the above calculation process can be expressed by the following formula:
where t0 is the first time, t is the current time, Δ Q is the discharge capacity, SOCocv(t) is the percentage of remaining charge, SOC, at the current timeocv(t0) is the first timeAnd calculating the corresponding percentage of the residual capacity according to the formula to obtain the absolute chemical capacity of the battery.
In other embodiments, any two time points may be any two idle time points, and the two time points are illustrated in this embodiment as one of the two idle time points, which is only for convenience of describing the above calculation process of the absolute chemical capacity.
Step S122: referring to fig. 5, a first remaining capacity percentage of the battery at a first time and a second remaining capacity percentage of the battery at a second time are respectively obtained, and the specific steps are as follows:
step S1221: and acquiring the remaining capacity percentage at the first moment.
As can be known from the above step S121, the no-load voltage discharge curve also includes information of the remaining capacity percentage.
Therefore, the method for acquiring the percentage of the remaining power at the first moment comprises the following steps: the voltage collector obtains the no-load voltage at the first moment, and then the no-load voltage discharge curve can directly obtain the percentage of the residual capacity at the first moment from the no-load voltage at the first moment.
Step S1222: and acquiring a voltage drop coefficient at the second moment, and acquiring the actual discharge current of the battery and the lower limit voltage of the system at the second moment.
In this embodiment, the actual discharge current of the battery and the lower limit voltage of the system at the second moment of the battery are obtained. The actual discharging current of the battery at the second moment can be acquired by the current collector, and the lower limit voltage of the system can be acquired by the voltage collector. And acquiring a voltage drop coefficient at the second moment, wherein the voltage drop coefficient is a slope enabling the output voltage to generate voltage drop according to the load current under the load state, and the coefficient is influenced by the battery temperature and the percentage of the residual capacity. For example, the battery is discharged from time t0, and the voltage drop coefficient at time t1 is calculated. As shown in fig. 6, the specific calculation steps are as follows:
s1222 a: and acquiring the no-load voltage, the loaded voltage and the actual discharge current at the second moment.
According to the coulomb integral formula:
further, the discharge capacity Δ Q of the discharge interval t0 to t1 was obtained, and further calculated by the following formula:
the absolute chemical capacity Qabs can be calculated by the method in step S121, and can be regarded as a known variable. Therefore, when the discharge capacity Δ Q and the absolute chemical capacity Qabs are known, the no-load voltage V at the time of starting discharge is intercepted by the voltage samplerocv(t0) after that, the percentage SOC of the remaining charge at the time of starting the discharge is known from the no-load voltage discharge curveocv(t0). The percentage of remaining charge SOC at the time t1 can be calculated by combining the above conditions with the above formulaocv(t1). Percentage of remaining charge SOC at known time t1ocv(t1)Then, the no-load voltage V at the time t1 is calculated from the no-load voltage discharge curveocv(t 1). According to the loaded voltage V at the t1 moment acquired by the voltage collector0(t1), the current collector collects the actual discharge current I (t1) at the time point t 1.
S1222 b: calculating a pressure drop coefficient at a second moment;
after the no-load voltage, the load voltage, and the discharge current at the second time are acquired in S1222a, the voltage drop coefficient is calculated according to the following equation:
where T is the temperature, SOCocv(t1)And calculating the ratio of the difference value between the no-load voltage and the discharge current at the time t1 to obtain the value of the voltage drop coefficient K at the time t1, wherein the percentage is the percentage of the residual capacity at the time t 1. In the above embodiments, it should be noted that t1 may be any time during the discharging process, and the calculated pressure drop coefficient is the pressure at the any timeAnd reducing the coefficient.
In this embodiment, it is necessary to calculate the voltage drop coefficient at the second time, and the voltage drop coefficient at the second time can be finally obtained by applying the above calculation method by using the above formula and making the time t1 be the second time, that is, the time when the discharge is cut off.
In addition, in the no-load voltage discharge curve, the K values corresponding to different remaining capacity percentages SOC are different. The K value obtained by the calculation method is updated in real time in the whole discharge period, so that the value of the voltage drop coefficient is updated in the discharge period in time to adapt to the change of the voltage drop coefficient of the battery caused by aging.
S1222 c: and adjusting the pressure drop coefficient at the second moment according to the temperature interval value of the current temperature.
At present, the accuracy difference of the fuel gauges on the market is large under the condition of coping with the temperature change of a battery, particularly an ultralow-temperature environment, and the problem of system power failure caused by power jump is caused. Because the voltage drop coefficient K has differences in different temperature intervals, the voltage drop coefficient changes greatly when the battery temperature is very high, particularly low, so that the K value needs to be subjected to temperature compensation, specifically, different temperature intervals are divided according to the temperature characteristics of the battery core, and the value of the coefficient K is adjusted according to the temperature interval in which the temperature value acquired by the temperature acquisition device is located.
Specifically, K values at different temperatures and normal temperature have a certain conversion relation, and different residual capacity percentages SOC of the sample battery at normal temperature are tested according to experimentsocvThe K values of the intervals (K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 … …) and the K values at different temperatures and the coefficients a (a1, a2, A3, a4, a5 … …) and B (B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 … …) at normal temperature are experimentally tested, wherein the coefficients, i.e. the temperature compensation coefficients, reflect the magnitude of the temperature compensation relative to the normal temperature, and it can be understood that the temperature compensation coefficients of different temperature intervals are different, and the temperature compensation coefficients are also influenced by the K values. Further, the selection of the temperature compensation interval depends on the cell characteristics and the use scenes, for example, some scenes use batteries with low temperature of-40 ℃, and the modeling needs to reach-40 ℃. But typically only up to-20 degrees.
In the using process, the normalized normal-temperature K value is updated in real time, and the K values at different temperatures are calculated through the compensation coefficients a, B and C … … at various temperatures, please refer to the following table:
| at normal temperature | K1 | K2 | K3 | K4 | K5 | …… |
| Low temperature 1 | A1K1 | A2K2 | A3K3 | A4K4 | A5K5 | …… |
| Low temperature 2 | B1K1 | B2K2 | B3K3 | B4K4 | B5K5 | …… |
| …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… |
| High temperature 1 | C1K1 | C2K2 | C3K3 | C4K4 | C5K5 | …… |
| …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… |
At the low temperature of 1, correspondingly supplementing A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5 for different pressure drop coefficients K1, K2, K3, K4 and K5; at the low temperature of 2, B1, B2, B3, B4 and B5 are correspondingly supplemented for different pressure drop coefficients K1, K2, K3, K4 and K5; c1, C2, C3, C4 and C5 are correspondingly supplemented for different pressure drop coefficients K1, K2, K3, K4 and K5 at the high temperature of 1. And more other temperature compensation of the temperature difference pressure drop coefficient K is not described in detail herein. The temperature compensation is carried out on the K value in the mode, so that the accuracy of the K value at different temperatures is ensured, the calculation of the residual electric quantity of the battery is adaptive to the change at different temperatures, and the accuracy of metering is ensured.
Step S1223: and calculating the no-load voltage of the battery at the second moment by the product of the voltage drop coefficient battery and the actual discharge current of the battery at the second moment and the lower limit voltage of the system, and acquiring the percentage of the residual electric quantity of the battery at the second moment through a no-load voltage discharge curve.
In the determination of the battery discharge cutoff, the battery discharge cutoff voltage Vocv(term) with the actual discharge current I (term) and the lower system limit voltage V0(term) related. Wherein the actual discharge current I (term) can be obtained by the current collector, and the lower limit voltage V of the system0(term) is accessible by the voltage harvester. When the output voltage of the battery is the lower limit voltage V of the system0(term), since the voltage drop coefficient corresponding to this case is defined as Kterm, the discharge cut-off voltage V of the batteryocv(term) the specific calculation formula is as follows:
Vocv(term)＝ΔVterm+V0(term)；
ΔVterm＝Kterm*I(term)；
lower limit voltage V in known system0(term) and the actual discharge current I (term) and also the voltage drop coefficient Kterm calculated in step S1222, the open circuit voltage V at the second time can be calculated by the above formulaocv(term), and then obtaining the percentage SOC of the remaining capacity at the second moment from the no-load voltage discharge curveocv(term)。
In other embodiments, the voltage drop coefficient at the first time may also be temperature compensated to obtain the remaining capacity percentage at the first time.
Step S123: and respectively obtaining the product of the absolute chemical capacity and the percentage of the first residual electric quantity and the percentage of the second residual electric quantity to obtain the first residual electric quantity and the second residual electric quantity.
As can be seen from steps S121 and S122, the first remaining capacity is Qabs SOCocv(t 0); the second remaining capacity is Qabs SOCocv(term); percentage of remaining charge SOC at a known absolute chemical capacity Qabs and a first timeocv(t0) and the percentage of remaining charge SOC at the second timeocv(term) the first remaining capacity and the second remaining capacity are calculated.
Step S13: and calculating the difference value of the first residual capacity and the sum of the discharge capacity and the second residual capacity to obtain the residual capacity of the battery at the current moment.
The discharge capacity and the first remaining capacity Qabs SOC calculated in steps S11 to S12ocv(t0) and second remaining capacity Qabs SOCocv(term) calculating the residual capacity of the battery, and recording the residual capacity of the battery as RemCap. Specifically, the calculation formula is as follows:
RemCap＝Qabs*SOCocv(t0)-Qdsg-Qabs*SOCocv(term)；
when the battery starts to discharge from the time t0, the absolute chemical capacity Qabs and the discharge capacity Qdsg are obtained, and the remaining capacity percentage SOC at the beginning of dischargingocv(t0) and the percentage of remaining charge SOC at the second timeocvThe value of (term) is calculated by the above formula to obtain the remaining capacity RemCap of the battery.
Unlike the case of the prior art, the remaining capacity of the battery is calculated by obtaining the absolute chemical capacity and the discharge capacity, the percentage of the remaining capacity at the start of discharge, and the percentage of the remaining capacity at the end of discharge. The chemical energy and the voltage drop coefficient of the battery are updated in real time in the whole battery declaration period, the voltage drop coefficient is adjusted at different temperatures, and the matching of a battery model and the accuracy of metering when the characteristics are changed due to aging in the life cycle of the battery are ensured. The scheme realizes accurate calculation of the residual capacity of the battery under the conditions of different loads, different environmental temperatures, multiple cycle aging and the like.
The present application further proposes a second embodiment of a method for measuring the remaining capacity of a battery, wherein the battery type can be a lithium battery, as shown in fig. 7, the method of the present embodiment includes the following steps:
step S21: obtaining the discharge capacity of the battery between a first moment and a current moment, wherein the battery starts to discharge at the first moment;
step S22: acquiring a first residual capacity of the battery at a first moment and a second residual capacity of the battery at a second moment, and stopping discharging the battery at the second moment;
step S23: calculating the difference value of the first residual electric quantity and the sum of the discharge capacity and the second residual electric quantity to obtain the residual electric quantity of the battery at the current moment;
the above-mentioned steps S21-S23 are similar to the steps S11-S13, and are not described herein again.
Step S24: calculating the available total capacity after the battery is fully charged;
the remaining capacity of the battery is obtained in steps S11-S13, and RSOC, which is the percentage of the remaining available capacity and the total available capacity, can be further calculated at this time.
Firstly, the available total capacity is calculated, and the available total capacity is recorded as FullCap, and the calculation method is specifically as follows:
FullCap＝Qabs*SOCocv(charge)-Qabs*SOCocv(term)；
therein, SOCocv(charge)The percentage of the remaining power when the power is fully charged can be obtained from the no-load voltage discharge curve after the full charge voltage is obtained. Qabs is absolute chemical capacity, SOCocv(term)For the percentage of remaining charge at the time of discharge cutoff, Qabs and SOC can be calculated by the calculation method of the first embodimentocv(term)And will not be described herein. Finally, the total available capacity FullCap can be obtained by the above formula.
Step S25: the remaining capacity percentage is derived from the percentage of remaining capacity to the total available capacity.
The percentage of the remaining capacity obtained by the calculation method of the first embodiment to the percentage of the total available capacity after full charge is used to obtain the percentage of the remaining capacity, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
and finally, calculating to obtain the residual capacity percentage RSOC, reflecting the residual capacity of the battery through the percentage, and being more visual and better in user experience.
Different from the case of the prior art, the remaining capacity is calculated by acquiring the absolute chemical capacity and the discharge capacity, the percentage of the remaining capacity at the time of starting the discharge, and the percentage of the remaining capacity at the second time. The real-time update of battery chemical energy and pressure drop coefficient in whole battery declare cycle, the adjustment to pressure drop coefficient under different temperatures guarantees to the ageing when causing the change of characteristic in the battery life cycle, guarantees the matching of model, and the accuracy of measurement. According to the scheme, the accurate calculation of the residual electric quantity of the battery under the conditions of different loads, different environmental temperatures, multiple cyclic aging and the like is realized. Further, in real applications, the percentage of the remaining capacity to the total available capacity needs to be obtained to obtain the remaining capacity percentage. The method comprises the steps of firstly calculating the available total capacity of the fully charged battery, and then calculating the percentage of the remaining capacity to the available total capacity to obtain the percentage of the remaining capacity. The residual capacity is measured by the residual capacity percentage, so that the display of the residual capacity is more transparent and visual.
Further, please refer to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the battery power measuring apparatus of the present application, wherein the battery type may be a lithium battery. As shown in fig. 8, the basic architecture of the battery power measuring device of the present embodiment is divided into a voltage collector 32, a current collector 33, a temperature collector 34, and a data processing module 35, where the voltage collector 32 is connected to the data processing module 35, the current collector 33 is connected to the data processing module 35, the temperature collector 34 is connected to the data processing module 35, and the voltage collector 32, the current collector 33, and the temperature collector 34 are all connected to the battery element 31 to be measured. The function of each module device is as follows: the voltage collector 32 collects voltages at two end points of the battery core in real time and transmits the voltage values to the data processing module 35, the current collector 33 collects charging and discharging currents in real time and transmits the charging and discharging currents to the data processing module 35, the temperature collector 34 samples the surface temperature of the battery in real time and transmits the surface temperature to the data processing module 35, and the data processing module 35 is used for obtaining and calculating the residual capacity of the battery to be tested according to a battery characteristic model curve, the voltage values, charging and discharging current data and temperature data. Specifically, the data processing module 35 may utilize the obtained data and execute the above method embodiment to obtain the battery residual capacity of the battery to be tested. The voltage, the current and the temperature in the above method embodiment can be acquired by the voltage acquirer 32, the current acquirer 33 and the temperature acquirer 34.
Further, referring to fig. 9, the data processing module 35 in fig. 8 includes a battery characteristic model unit 41, a coulomb integration unit 42, a voltage drop coefficient unit 43, a temperature compensation unit 44, and an electric quantity calculation unit 45. The specific subunit processing functions are as follows:
battery characteristic model unit 41: the no-load voltage discharge curve (OCV) of the battery and the percentage of remaining battery capacity (SOCocv) corresponding to the OCV curve are stored, and the curve is not changed in the life cycle of the battery and can be used as a basis for calculating other variables. The specific description of the no-load voltage discharge curve and the percentage of remaining battery capacity may refer to the related description of the above method embodiment.
The coulomb integration unit 42 calculates the battery input/output capacity through an integration algorithm according to the charge/discharge current value obtained by the current collector 34. The specific calculation method of the input/output capacity of the battery may refer to the related description of the discharge capacity of the above method embodiment.
Pressure drop coefficient unit 43: and updating different voltage drop coefficients corresponding to a plurality of open-circuit voltage points of the battery through a built-in algorithm according to the current voltage, current and temperature values of the battery.
Temperature compensation unit 44: and adjusting the voltage drop coefficient of the battery according to different temperature intervals acquired by the temperature acquisition module. The method for determining and adjusting the pressure drop coefficient by the pressure drop coefficient unit 43 and the temperature compensation unit 44 can refer to the related description of the pressure drop coefficient in the above method embodiment.
The electric quantity calculation unit 45: the electric quantity calculating unit is used for integrating data of the battery characteristic model unit, the coulomb integral unit, the voltage drop coefficient unit and the temperature compensation unit and giving the residual electric quantity and/or the residual electric quantity percentage of the battery to be measured according to the load condition of the battery to be measured. The specific calculation method of the remaining capacity and the percentage of the remaining capacity of the battery to be tested may refer to the related description of the above method embodiment.
The specific processing procedures of the above units can refer to the contents of the first or second embodiment of the method for measuring the remaining capacity of the battery, and are not repeated here.
Different from the prior art, the residual capacity is calculated by acquiring the discharge capacity and the absolute chemical capacity, and calculating the residual capacity by the percentage of the residual capacity at the time of starting the discharge and the percentage of the residual capacity at the second moment. The updating of the chemical energy and the voltage drop coefficient of the battery in the whole battery declaration period and the adjustment of the voltage drop coefficient at different temperatures ensure the matching of the model and the accuracy of measurement when the characteristics are changed due to aging in the life cycle of the battery. The device for measuring the residual electric quantity of the battery realizes the accurate calculation of the residual electric quantity of the battery under the conditions of different loads, different environmental temperatures, multiple cyclic aging and the like. Further, the battery capacity measuring device also obtains the percentage of the remaining capacity to the available total capacity to obtain the percentage of the remaining capacity. The method comprises the steps of firstly calculating the available total capacity of the fully charged battery, and then calculating the percentage of the remaining capacity to the available total capacity to obtain the percentage of the remaining capacity. The residual capacity is measured by the residual capacity percentage, so that the display of the residual capacity is more transparent and visual.
Further, as shown in fig. 10, in the present embodiment, the battery level measurement processing terminal 50 includes a memory 501 and a processor 502, wherein the memory 501 stores therein computer instructions that can be executed to implement the above-mentioned method for measuring the remaining battery capacity. The processor 502 is configured to execute the computer instructions stored in the memory 501 to implement the above-described method of measuring the remaining capacity of the battery.
It is understood that the processor 502 may be the data processing module 35 in fig. 8.
As shown in fig. 11, the present application further provides a storage device 60, where the storage device 60 may be a medium that can store program instructions, such as a usb disk, a mobile hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or may also be a server that stores the computer instructions, and the server may send the stored computer instructions 601 to other devices for operation, or may self-operate the stored computer instructions 601. Further, the storage device may be the memory 501 of the battery level measurement processing terminal of fig. 10 described above.
The present application also provides a device, including the battery power measuring apparatus of the above embodiment, for example, an electronic device such as a mobile phone, a computer, or an electric vehicle such as an electric vehicle.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed method and apparatus may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, a division of a device or a unit is merely one type of division of logical functions, and an actual implementation may have another division, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not implemented.
Units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or various units may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be substantially implemented or contributed to by the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, or the like) or a processor (processor) to execute all or part of the steps of the method of the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The above embodiments are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, and all modifications, equivalents, and flow charts using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present disclosure or those directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are intended to be included in the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A method of measuring a remaining capacity of a battery, comprising:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining the discharge capacity of a battery between a first moment and a current moment, wherein the battery starts to discharge at the first moment;
acquiring a first residual capacity of the battery at the first moment and a second residual capacity of the battery at a second moment, and stopping discharging the battery at the second moment;
and calculating the difference value of the first residual capacity and the sum of the discharge capacity and the second residual capacity to obtain the residual capacity of the battery at the current moment.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining a first remaining capacity of the battery at the first time and a second remaining capacity of the battery at a second time comprises:
acquiring the absolute chemical capacity of the battery;
respectively acquiring a first remaining capacity percentage of the battery at the first moment and a second remaining capacity percentage of the battery at the second moment;
and respectively obtaining the product of the absolute chemical capacity and the first remaining capacity percentage and the second remaining capacity percentage to obtain the first remaining capacity and the second remaining capacity.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the discharge capacity of the battery between the first time and the current time comprises:
acquiring a relation function of time and current;
and calculating the electric quantity difference between the first moment and the current moment by using the relation function of the time and the current as an accumulated function and utilizing coulomb integration to obtain the discharge capacity.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of obtaining the absolute chemical capacity of the battery comprises:
acquiring no-load voltages corresponding to any two no-load moments, and acquiring the residual capacity percentages corresponding to any two no-load moments through a no-load voltage discharge curve;
and calculating the ratio of the discharge capacity between any two idle load moments to the percentage difference of the residual capacity to obtain the absolute chemical capacity, wherein the percentage difference of the residual capacity is the percentage difference of the residual capacity corresponding to any two idle load moments.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of separately obtaining a first percentage of remaining charge of the battery at the first time and a second percentage of remaining charge of the battery at the second time comprises:
acquiring the voltage at the first moment, and acquiring the percentage of the residual electric quantity at the first moment through a no-load voltage discharge curve;
acquiring the voltage drop coefficient at the second moment, and acquiring the actual discharge current of the battery and the lower limit voltage of the system at the second moment;
and calculating the no-load voltage of the battery at the second moment by adding the product of the voltage drop coefficient at the second moment and the actual discharge current of the battery at the second moment and the lower limit voltage of the system, and acquiring the percentage of the residual capacity of the battery at the second moment through a no-load voltage discharge curve.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of obtaining the pressure drop coefficient at the second time comprises:
acquiring the no-load voltage, the loaded voltage and the actual discharge current at the second moment;
calculating a pressure drop coefficient at a second moment;
and adjusting the pressure drop coefficient at the second moment according to the temperature interval value of the current temperature.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein after calculating the difference between the first remaining capacity and the sum of the discharge capacity and the second remaining capacity to obtain the remaining capacity of the battery at the current time, the method further comprises:
calculating the available total capacity after the battery is fully charged;
the percentage of remaining charge of the battery is derived from the percentage of the remaining capacity of the battery to the total available capacity of the battery after being fully charged.
8. A battery level measurement device, comprising:
the device comprises a voltage collector, a current collector, a temperature collector and a data processing module;
the output ends of the voltage collector, the current collector and the temperature collector are respectively connected with a data processing module;
the input ends of the voltage collector, the current collector and the temperature collector are all connected with a battery to be tested;
the voltage collector is used for collecting voltages at two end points of the battery cell in real time and transmitting voltage values to the data processing module;
the current collector is used for collecting charging and discharging current data in real time and transmitting the charging and discharging current data to the data processing module;
the temperature collector samples the surface temperature data of the battery in real time and transmits the surface temperature data to the data processing module;
the data processing module is used for obtaining a battery characteristic model curve, the voltage value, the charging and discharging current data and the temperature data, and executing the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 to obtain the battery residual capacity of the battery to be tested.
9. The battery level measurement device of claim 8, comprising:
the data processing module comprises a battery characteristic model unit, a coulomb integration unit, a voltage drop coefficient unit, a temperature compensation unit and an electric quantity calculating unit;
the output ends of the battery characteristic model unit, the coulomb integration unit, the voltage drop coefficient unit and the temperature compensation unit are connected with the input end of the electric quantity calculation unit;
the battery characteristic model unit is used for storing a no-load voltage discharge curve of the battery and the percentage of the remaining battery capacity corresponding to the no-load voltage discharge curve;
the coulomb integration unit is used for calculating the input and output capacity of the battery through an integration algorithm according to the charge and discharge current data acquired by the current collector;
the voltage drop coefficient unit is used for updating different voltage drop coefficients corresponding to a plurality of open-circuit voltage points of the battery through a built-in algorithm according to the current voltage, current and temperature values of the battery;
the temperature compensation unit is used for adjusting the voltage drop coefficient of the battery according to different temperature intervals acquired by the temperature acquisition unit;
the electric quantity calculating unit is used for integrating data of the battery characteristic model unit, the coulomb integral unit, the voltage drop coefficient unit and the temperature compensation unit and giving the residual electric quantity and/or the residual electric quantity percentage of the battery to be measured according to the load condition of the battery to be measured.
10. An apparatus, comprising:
the battery level measuring device of claim 8 or 9.
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