CN109443823A - A kind of depth tunnel domain experimental rig - Google Patents
A kind of depth tunnel domain experimental rig Download PDFInfo
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- CN109443823A CN109443823A CN201811591357.6A CN201811591357A CN109443823A CN 109443823 A CN109443823 A CN 109443823A CN 201811591357 A CN201811591357 A CN 201811591357A CN 109443823 A CN109443823 A CN 109443823A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/007—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass by applying a load, e.g. for resistance or wear testing
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of deep tunnel domain experimental rig, counter-force mechanism is loaded including the outer radial for applying radial load to lining-up section of jurisdiction ring and radially inside loads counter-force mechanism, further includes executing agency, detection unit, the control unit for receiving the data information that detection unit transmits；Detection unit is for detecting system pressure information in executing agency, and the rodless cavity pressure information of outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder；Control unit designs the control instruction of external side cylinder and interior side cylinder according to loaded load information, rodless cavity pressure information and system pressure information using PID close-loop control mode；Actuating mechanism controls connect each outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder, the control instruction information of reception control unit transmission, and control outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder loaded load by the proportional pressure control valve with amplifier.Its advantage is that: precision is high, PID controller fine tuning can be effectively suppressed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Experimental Establishment of tunnel lining-up section of jurisdiction ring more particularly to a kind of deep tunnel domain experimental rigs.
Background technique
After subway tunnel builds up operation, with the continuous accumulation of service time, due to the inborn mass defect of lining structure of metro,
It easilys lead to Lining cracks, fall off, the generation of the diseases such as concrete carbonization, percolating water.Wherein Subway Tunnel Lining structure is opened
Split be leak, rise soil in most commonly seen disease incidence and tunnel, the direct inducement of the various diseases such as chip off-falling.
The Crack cause of Tunnel Lining Cracks is various and extremely complex, therefore probes into the origin cause of formation of tunnel-liner cracking, development
And whole destruction situation, common test method is test in situ or indoor model experiments.The former better authenticity and
Reliability, but test that be influenced influence factor by external worlds such as topographic and geologics larger, poor controllability is tested, after experiment difficulty is much larger than
Person.The latter's model test difficulty is small, strong operability, influenced by the external world it is smaller, it is applied widely, probing into tunnel defect mechanism
Experiment in, and apply most means.
The existing bracket loading test platform for tunnel model test, is broadly divided into two kinds, one is be applied to active force
On the soil body around tunnel, this bracket loading test platform considers the interaction of tunnel structure and country rock, but due to considering
The size of the boundary effect of model, tunnel model is subject to significant restrictions, this kind of testing stand can be only done the load of small scale
Test, is not easy to the formation and development of observation tunnel-liner disease, and structure stress is also opposite not clear enough；Another is
By the way of being loaded directly into, the stress condition of the tunnel surrounding soil body is simulated, active force is applied directly on tunnel model, no
By the constraint of tunnel boundary effect, achievable large-scale load test, the scope of application is more extensive, and facilitates look at
The disease of tunnel-liner during loading, from the microscopic damage of material to structure, integrally lose to structure again by the local failure of macroscopic view
Steady entire progressive Failure Instability.
Such as application No. is 201810386841.9 Chinese patent disclose a kind of tunnel threedimensional model bracket loading test platform and
For the test method of tunnel defect observation, structure are as follows: the reaction frame basis for wearing tunnel model including inside is placed simultaneously
The wheel track device of mobile tunnel model, simulates the loading system and measurement system of load；Reaction frame basis include bottom plate,
The door-shaped frame being arranged on bottom plate and the cambered surface reaction frame being arranged in door-shaped frame；Wheel track device includes above bottom plate
Track, can Horizontal shifting platform along the opposite sliding of track and the model base that is arranged on Horizontal shifting platform, the model base bottom passes through
Pedestal spring is connect with Horizontal shifting platform；Loading system includes the loading device being arranged on the inside of cambered surface reaction frame, is shored in tunnel
Cambered surface load plate on model top outer wall connects the loading spring of loading device and cambered surface load plate；Measurement system includes
Pressure sensor and displacement meter, the pressure sensor are arranged in cambered surface load plate in model base, and displacement meter setting exists
On the inner sidewall of tunnel model.The loading device includes jack and the hydraulic pressure pump group for jack output pressure, jack
It is 2 groups, setting corresponding with the position of door-shaped frame, the quantity of every group of jack is 7, along the circumferential, uniform of tunnel model
Arranged for interval is on the outside of the side wall and roof of tunnel model.
The HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM precision of above-mentioned this loading device is poor, sets pressure and actual pressure difference is larger, when
When to entire annular section of jurisdiction load, when such as entire section of jurisdiction cyclization power is not zero, entire ring can be moved.To carry out in test difference
Grade, the load of the power of different directions, are necessary for zero with joint efforts.It is required that accurately to control pressure error minimum for the pressure of every group oil cylinder.And
Above-mentioned loading device is difficult to meet high-precision testing requirement.
To defect of the existing technology, the present invention is proposed.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is propose a kind of deep tunnel domain experimental rig, the depth for the disadvantage on prior art construction
The longitudinal load counter-force mechanism of tunnel domain experimental rig setting, outer radial load counter-force mechanism and radially inside load counter-force machine
Structure using system pressure and oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure as feedback, and passes through PID closed-loop control accumulator and proportional pressure control valve
Oil cylinder loaded load is controlled, precision is higher.
In order to achieve the above object of the invention, a kind of deep tunnel domain experimental rig that the embodiment of the present invention proposes, by following
What technical solution was realized:
A kind of depth tunnel domain experimental rig, it is real for carrying out load to the lining-up section of jurisdiction ring being mounted in movable support
It tests, the depth tunnel domain experimental rig includes loading counter-force for applying the outer radial of radial load to lining-up section of jurisdiction ring
Mechanism and radially inside load counter-force mechanism；The outer radial load counter-force mechanism is disposed around lining-up section of jurisdiction ring periphery, and right
Answer each measuring point of the lining-up section of jurisdiction ring outer peripheral surface that outer side cylinder is respectively set；The radially inside load counter-force mechanism is set to institute
It states in the ring of lining-up section of jurisdiction, and is provided with the interior side cylinder for corresponding configuration with the outer side cylinder；It is characterized by: the depth
Tunnel domain experimental rig further includes executing agency, detection unit, the control list for receiving the data information that the detection unit transmits
Member；The detection unit is for detecting system pressure information and the outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder in the executing agency
Rodless cavity pressure information；Described control unit is set with loaded load information corresponding with each outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder,
The loaded load information is based on section of jurisdiction corresponding to experimental design requirement and the outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder and buries in theory
If should bear pressure from surrounding rock and the self weight of lining-up section of jurisdiction ring under depth and set；Described control unit is believed according to the loaded load
Breath, rodless cavity pressure information and system pressure information go out external side cylinder and interior side cylinder using PID Design of Closed-Loop Control
Control instruction；The actuating mechanism controls connect each outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder, receive the control of described control unit transmission
Command information, and the outer side cylinder and the corresponding load of interior side cylinder load are controlled by the proportional pressure control valve with amplifier.
It should bear pressure from surrounding rock and block in the theoretical depth of burying based on section of jurisdiction corresponding to the outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder
The self weight of bushing pipe loop, the outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder are divided into several load groups；It controls and executes in described control unit
Any time that mechanism is loaded: the oil cylinder loaded load in any one group of load group is identical, and oil cylinder adds in each load group
Load is carried to be incremented by with the corresponding section of jurisdiction theory depth of burying and be incremented by.
The executing agency includes sub- executing agency of the sub- executing agency in outside and inside；The sub- executing agency in outside includes
The jacking hydraulic device that fuel tank, each load group for loading counter-force mechanism with the outer radial are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence；Every group of jacking
It include the pump being driven by motor, the proportional pressure control valve with amplifier, accumulator and solenoid directional control valve in hydraulic device；It is described
The oil inlet of pump is connected to the fuel tank, and the oil outlet of the pump connects first pressure sensor, the ratio by check valve
First hydraulic fluid port of overflow valve and the first hydraulic fluid port of solenoid directional control valve；Second hydraulic fluid port of the proportional pressure control valve connects the accumulation of energy
Device；Second hydraulic fluid port of the solenoid directional control valve connects diverter module, by connecting second pressure sensor after shunting, and is connected to
Outer radial loads the rodless cavity of each outer side cylinder of one group of load group in counter-force mechanism；The outer side cylinder of this group of load group
Rod chamber connects back to corresponding diverter module, by the third hydraulic fluid port for connecting the solenoid directional control valve behind interflow；The electromagnetism changes
The fuel tank is connected back to by oil return line to the 4th hydraulic fluid port of valve；The sub- executing agency in inside and outside execute machine
The structure of structure is identical, the solenoid directional control valve of every group of jacking hydraulic device shunted by diverter module after with third pressure sensing
Device, and it is connected to each inside oil cylinder rodless cavity for radially inside loading one group of load group of counter-force mechanism；The group is radially inside
The rod chamber for loading the interior side cylinder of counter-force mechanism load group passes through corresponding diverter module interflow and connects the solenoid directional control valve
Third hydraulic fluid port.
One-way throttle valve is additionally provided between the second hydraulic fluid port and the accumulator of the proportional pressure control valve.
Described control unit includes at least and receives detection unit and transmits analog signal and it to be converted into digital letter
Number A/D conversion module, the A/D conversion module is connected with the input terminal of PID controller, the output of the PID controller
End is connected with D/A conversion module, the electricity of the D/A conversion module and sub- executing agency of the sub- executing agency in the outside and inside
Machine, proportional pressure control valve input terminal be connected；The PID closed-loop control are as follows: if the oil cylinder rodless that the PID controller receives
The not formed stationary value of cavity pressure information then carries out closed-loop control using to system pressure, by system pressure information as feedback；If
The oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure information that the PID controller receives forms stationary value, then uses the pressure closed loop of oil cylinder rodless cavity
Control, by oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure information as feedback；And the setting of the proportional pressure control valve is exported according to above-mentioned feedback data
Pressure is controlled.
Described control unit further includes overshoot compensation controller, is preset with overshoot threshold value in the overshoot compensation controller,
It connects the D/A conversion module, detection unit and PID controller, and according to the rodless cavity pressure information and PID controller
The internal object value of calculating judges whether system overshoot is higher than overshoot threshold value, if so, cutting off the PID controller and D/A
Data connection between conversion module, and to D/A conversion module input constraint overshoot update information, until system overshoot is lower than super
Threshold value is adjusted, data connection between the PID controller and D/A conversion module is restored.
The depth tunnel domain experimental rig further includes longitudinal load counter-force mechanism；Longitudinal load counter-force mechanism includes branch
It supports in ground and the upperside frame that is set to above the ring of the lining-up section of jurisdiction, the upperside frame corresponds to the lining-up section of jurisdiction ring upper end
Side cylinder is respectively set in each measuring point in face, for applying to lining-up section of jurisdiction ring along its longitudinal load；Described control unit
Control instruction to upper side cylinder is gone out using PID Design of Closed-Loop Control；The actuating mechanism controls connect each upper side cylinder, receive
The control instruction information of described control unit transmission, and the upper side cylinder is controlled by the proportional pressure control valve with amplifier and is loaded
Load.
The outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder are divided into 9 load groups.
The outer radial load counter-force mechanism is equipped with axially loaded jack reaction beam, and the outer side cylinder is fixed on this
On axially loaded jack reaction beam；It is disposed with the supporting steel plate for being supported in the section of jurisdiction medial surface in the ring of the lining-up section of jurisdiction,
It is connected between the axially loaded jack reaction beam and supporting steel plate by connecting rod；The jacking end of the outer side cylinder with
Bearing beam is additionally provided between the section of jurisdiction lateral surface.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, using system pressure and oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure as feedback, and pass through PID closed-loop control accumulator and ratio
Example overflow valve controls oil cylinder loaded load, realizes Automatic Control.In entire experiment, oil cylinder is stretched out since reset condition,
Oil cylinder is not exposed to section of jurisdiction, and the not formed stationary value of oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure controls the pressure closed loop of system, by oil pump systems
Pressure is as feedback.Pressure error is smaller when oil cylinder contacts section of jurisdiction in this way.When oil cylinder contacts section of jurisdiction, oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure shape
At stationary value, the pressure closed loop of oil cylinder rodless cavity is controlled, by oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure as feeding back, trueness error is less than
0.1Kg/cm2。
2, according to requirement of experiment specification, when in test rising to another pressure rating from a pressure rating, if
PID constant will appear mismatch when encountering accumulator pressurizing point, may cause the small overshoot of pressure, at this moment overshoot compensation controller
Automatically it provides and inhibits overshoot update information, until the overshoot of PID controller is lower than overshoot threshold value, restore PID controller and D/A
Data connection between conversion module.
3, in view of easily vibrating repeatedly after accumulator absorption pressure, therefore increase one-way throttle on the access pipeline section of accumulator
Valve so that hydraulic oil can smoothly enter into accumulator when accumulator Absorbing hydraulic pulsation, and then when hydraulic oil flows back in accumulator
It will receive the control of throttle, oscillation-damped.
Detailed description of the invention
By the description carried out with reference to the accompanying drawing to its exemplary embodiment, features described above and advantage of the present invention will become
It obtains more clear and is readily appreciated that.
Fig. 1 is that depth of the embodiment of the present invention tunnel domain tests outer radial load counter-force mechanism and radially inside loads counter-force machine
Structure structure chart；
Fig. 2 is depth of embodiment of the present invention tunnel domain experimental rig hydraulic schematic diagram I；
Fig. 3 is depth of embodiment of the present invention tunnel domain experimental rig hydraulic schematic diagram II；
Fig. 4 is depth of embodiment of the present invention tunnel domain experimental rig schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is that depth of the embodiment of the present invention tunnel domain tests hydraulic cylinder and section of jurisdiction extrados measuring point value arrangement map；
Fig. 6 is the A-A sectional schematic diagram of Fig. 1；
Fig. 7 is the B-B sectional schematic diagram of Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in order to the understanding of technical staff of the same trade:
Referring to shown in Fig. 1-7, the present invention provides a kind of deep tunnel domain experimental rig, for being mounted on movable support 1
On lining-up section of jurisdiction ring 2 carry out the loading experiment depth tunnel domain experimental rig specifically include that
Outer radial loads counter-force mechanism 3
Outer radial load counter-force mechanism 3 includes the lateral frame 31 for being disposed around 2 periphery of lining-up section of jurisdiction ring, lateral frame 31
Outer side cylinder 32 is respectively set in each measuring point of corresponding 2 outer peripheral surface of lining-up section of jurisdiction ring, for applying radial load to lining-up section of jurisdiction ring 2
Lotus
Referring to shown in Fig. 6-7, lateral frame 31 is equipped with axially loaded jack reaction beam 33, and outer side cylinder 32 is fixed on
On the axially loaded jack reaction beam 33；The supporting steel plate 34 for being supported in 22 medial surface of section of jurisdiction is disposed in lining-up section of jurisdiction ring 2.
It is connected between axially loaded jack reaction beam 33 and supporting steel plate 34 by connecting rod 35.In addition, the top of outer side cylinder 32
It rises and is additionally provided with bearing beam 36 between end and 21 lateral surface of section of jurisdiction.
The distributed figure of 2 outer peripheral surface measuring point of lining-up section of jurisdiction ring and outer side cylinder 32 can be found in shown in Fig. 5, lining-up section of jurisdiction ring
2 outer peripheral surface measuring points mainly have connector subtended angle (joint open) measuring point, circumferential weld radial direction changing of the relative positions measuring point, concrete strain measuring point, lining tube
Loop radial displacement measuring point.And outer side cylinder 32 is then corresponded in each measuring point, for 96.
Influence for model configuration self weight to its entire loading process, and sufficiently simulation liner structure is in the practical soil body
In stress；The theoretical depth of burying based on section of jurisdiction 22 corresponding to outer side cylinder 32 under different geological environments, which should bear, encloses
Rock pressure power and lining-up section of jurisdiction ring 2 are self-possessed, and outer side cylinder 32 is divided into 9 load groups, labeled as P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7,
P8,P9.Wherein:
Load group P1 and P9 are respectively made of 4 outer side cylinders 32.
Load group P3, P5, P7 are respectively made of 8 outer side cylinders 32.
Load group P2, P4, P6, P8 are respectively made of 16 outer side cylinders 32.
Radially inside load counter-force mechanism 4
Radially inside load counter-force mechanism 4 includes the inner frame 41 in lining-up section of jurisdiction ring 2, is set in inner frame 41
Set several interior side cylinders 42.Inner frame 41 is equally real by supporting steel plate, axially loaded jack reaction beam and connecting rod
It is now opposite with lining-up section of jurisdiction ring 2 to connect, it is similar to outer radial load counter-force mechanism 3 in view of its structure, therefore save herein somewhat
The description of body structure and attached drawing are said.
It is corresponded in view of 2 outer peripheral surface measuring point of lining-up section of jurisdiction ring and inner peripheral surface measuring point, interior 42 quantity of side cylinder and laying position
It sets same and outer side cylinder 32 to correspond, 42 measuring point value arrangement map of interior side cylinder is omitted at this.
The influence that same model configuration is self-possessed to its entire loading process, and sufficiently simulation liner structure is in the practical soil body
In stress；The theoretical depth of burying based on section of jurisdiction 22 corresponding to interior side cylinder 42 under different geological environments, which should bear, encloses
Rock pressure power and lining-up section of jurisdiction ring 2 are self-possessed, and interior side cylinder 42 is equally divided into 9 load groups, labeled as F1, F2, F3, F4, F5,
F6,F7,F8,F9.Wherein:
Load group F1 and F9 are respectively made of 4 outer side cylinders 32.
Load group F3, F5, F7 are respectively made of 8 outer side cylinders 32.
Load group F2, F4, F6, F8 are respectively made of 16 outer side cylinders 32.
Longitudinal load counter-force mechanism
Longitudinal load counter-force mechanism 5 includes the upperside frame 51 for being supported in ground and being set to 2 top of lining-up section of jurisdiction ring, upside
Side cylinder 52 is respectively set in the corresponding each measuring point in lining-up section of jurisdiction ring upper surface of frame 51, vertical along it for applying to lining-up section of jurisdiction ring
To load, upper 52 quantity of side cylinder totally 24.
Executing agency
Executing agency 6 includes the sub- executing agency 61 in outside, the sub- executing agency in inside and longitudinal sub- executing agency 61.
Wherein:
Shown in Figure 2, the sub- executing agency 62 in outside includes fuel tank 621, each load with outer radial load counter-force mechanism 3
The one-to-one 9 groups of jacking hydraulic devices of lotus group.In every group of jacking hydraulic device include fuel tank 621, solenoid directional control valve 622,
Pump 623, proportional pressure control valve 625 and accumulator 624.
Vane pump can be used in pump 623, and is driven using the alternating current generator of 11kw.The oil inlet of pump 623 is connected to fuel tank
621, oil outlet is connected to the first oil of the first hydraulic fluid port of proportional pressure control valve 625, solenoid directional control valve 622 by check valve 626
Mouth and first pressure sensor 627.First pressure sensor 627 is used for detection system pressure.
It is provided with amplifier on proportional pressure control valve 625, for realizing the pressure for changing the hydraulic oil for entering system.Ratio is overflow
The second hydraulic fluid port for flowing valve 625 connects accumulator 624.In view of easily being vibrated repeatedly after 624 absorption pressure of accumulator, therefore in accumulator
Increase one-way throttle valve on 624 access pipeline section, i.e., between the second hydraulic fluid port and accumulator 524 of proportional pressure control valve 625.Make
Hydraulic oil can smoothly enter into accumulator 624 when obtaining 624 Absorbing hydraulic pulsation of accumulator, and then when hydraulic oil flows back in accumulator
It will receive the control of throttle, oscillation-damped.
Second hydraulic fluid port of solenoid directional control valve 622 connects diverter module 628, by after shunting with second pressure sensor 629
Connection, and each outer 32 rodless cavity of side cylinder for one group of load group being connected in outer radial load counter-force mechanism 3.Second pressure
Force snesor 628 is used to detect the pressure of outer 32 rodless cavity of side cylinder.
The rod chamber that outer radial loads the outer side cylinder 32 of every group of load group of counter-force mechanism 3 connects diverter module 628,
By the third hydraulic fluid port for connecting solenoid directional control valve 622 behind interflow by diverter module 628.4th hydraulic fluid port of solenoid directional control valve 622 is logical
Subcooler connects oil return box 621 with filter and oil return line.
In the present embodiment, corresponding different load group, diverter module 628 use different structures.Load group P1, P9
Diverter module 628 is completed to shunt with first branching block.628 structure of diverter module of load group P3, P5, P7 are the second shunting
Block parallel connection 2 piece of first branching block, and point or so arrangement.Load group P2, P4, P6, P8 connect 4 piece first with the second branching block respectively again
Branching block.First branching block is 2 oil inlets, 8 oil outlets；Second branching block is 2 oil inlets, 8 oil outlets.
The sub- executing agency in inside is identical as the structure of the sub- executing agency in outside, the electromagnetic switch of every group of jacking hydraulic device
Valve shunted by diverter module after with third pressure sensor, and connect one group of load group for radially inside loading counter-force mechanism
Each inside oil cylinder rodless cavity, third pressure sensor are used to detect the pressure of interior 42 rodless cavity of side cylinder.The load group it is interior
The rod chamber of side cylinder passes through the third hydraulic fluid port of corresponding diverter module interflow connection solenoid directional control valve.Inside is omitted herein to execute
The hydraulic schematic diagram of mechanism.
As shown in Figure 3, the structure of longitudinal sub- executing agency 61 is roughly the same with sub- 62 structure of executing agency in outside, outside
Executing agency 61 includes fuel tank 611, solenoid directional control valve 612, pump 613, proportional pressure control valve 615 and accumulator 614.
Vane pump can be used in pump 613, and is driven using the alternating current generator of 11kw.The oil inlet of pump 613 is connected to fuel tank
611, oil outlet is connected to the first oil of the first hydraulic fluid port of proportional pressure control valve 615, solenoid directional control valve 612 by check valve 616
Mouth and first pressure sensor 617.First pressure sensor 617 is used for detection system pressure.It is provided on proportional pressure control valve 615
Amplifier, for realizing the pressure for changing the hydraulic oil for entering system.Second hydraulic fluid port of proportional pressure control valve 615 connects accumulator
614.In view of easily vibrating repeatedly after 614 absorption pressure of accumulator, therefore increase one-way throttle on the access pipeline section of accumulator 614
Valve, i.e., between the second hydraulic fluid port and accumulator 524 of proportional pressure control valve 615.So that liquid when 614 Absorbing hydraulic pulsation of accumulator
Pressure oil can smoothly enter into accumulator 614, and then will receive the control of throttle when hydraulic oil flows back in accumulator, eliminate vibration
It swings.
Second hydraulic fluid port of solenoid directional control valve 612 connects diverter module 618, and diverter module 618 is that 2 oil inlets 48 are fuel-displaced
Mouthful.By connecting after shunting with the 4th pressure sensor 618, and it is connected to the rodless cavity of 24 upper side cylinders 52.Second pressure
Sensor 618 is used to detect the pressure of 52 rodless cavity of side cylinder.
The rod chamber of 24 upper side cylinders 52 connects diverter module 618, by connecting electromagnetism by diverter module 618 behind interflow
The third hydraulic fluid port of reversal valve 612.4th hydraulic fluid port of solenoid directional control valve 612 is connected by cooler with filter and oil return line
Oil return box 611.
Above-mentioned first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor, third pressure sensor, the 4th pressure sensor are constituted
The detection unit of the present apparatus.
Control unit
Control unit receives the data information of detection unit transmission.Control unit is set with experiment loaded load scheme, should
Loading scheme is agreed under the theoretical depth of burying based on experimental design requirement, and section of jurisdiction corresponding to outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder
It is set by pressure from surrounding rock and the self weight of lining-up section of jurisdiction ring.
Control unit uses the control of PID closed loop according to loaded load information, rodless cavity pressure information and system pressure information
Mode processed designs the control instruction of external side cylinder and interior side cylinder.The control of executing agency 6 connects each outer side cylinder and inside
Oil cylinder, the control instruction information of reception control unit transmission, and by proportional pressure control valve with amplifier control outer side cylinder with
Interior side cylinder loaded load.
Shown in Figure 4, the signal message that control unit includes at least reception detection unit transmission converts analog signal
At the A/D conversion module and PID controller of digital signal, A/D conversion module is connected with the input terminal of PID controller, PID control
The output end of device processed is connected with D/A conversion module, the electricity of D/A conversion module and sub- executing agency of the sub- executing agency in outside and inside
Machine, proportional pressure control valve input terminal be connected.
PID close-loop control mode are as follows: if the not formed stationary value of oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure information that PID controller receives,
Closed-loop control then is carried out using to system pressure, by system pressure information as feedback；If the oil cylinder that PID controller receives without
Rod cavity pressure information forms stationary value, then is controlled using the pressure closed loop of oil cylinder rodless cavity, made by oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure information
For feedback；And it is controlled according to the set pressure of above-mentioned feedback data export ratio overflow valve.
In addition, especially in test rising to another pressure from a pressure rating in order to avoid PID controller overshoot
When power grade, PID constant will appear mismatch when can encounter accumulator pressurizing point, cause stress small overshoot, control unit is also
Including overshoot compensation controller, it is preset with overshoot threshold value in overshoot compensation controller, connects D/A conversion module, detection unit
And PID controller, and PID controller overshoot is judged according to the internal object value that rodless cavity pressure information and PID controller calculate
Whether amount is higher than overshoot threshold value, if so, data connection between cutting PID controller and D/A conversion module, and converted to D/A
Module input constraint overshoot update information restores PID controller and D/A until the overshoot of PID controller is lower than overshoot threshold value
Data connection between conversion module.
Deep tunnel domain experimental rig further include compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, using system pressure and oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure as feedback, and pass through PID closed-loop control accumulator and ratio
Example overflow valve controls oil cylinder loaded load, realizes Automatic Control.In entire experiment, oil cylinder is stretched out since reset condition,
Oil cylinder is not exposed to section of jurisdiction, and the not formed stationary value of oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure controls the pressure closed loop of system, by oil pump systems
Pressure is as feedback.Pressure error is smaller when oil cylinder contacts section of jurisdiction in this way.When oil cylinder contacts section of jurisdiction, oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure shape
At stationary value, the pressure closed loop of oil cylinder rodless cavity is controlled, by oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure as feeding back, trueness error is less than
0.1Kg/cm2。
2, according to requirement of experiment specification, when in test rising to another pressure rating from a pressure rating, if
PID constant will appear mismatch when encountering accumulator pressurizing point, may cause the small overshoot of pressure, at this moment overshoot compensation controller
Automatically it provides and inhibits overshoot update information, until the overshoot of PID controller is lower than overshoot threshold value, restore PID controller and D/A
Data connection between conversion module.
3, in view of easily vibrating repeatedly after accumulator absorption pressure, therefore increase one-way throttle on the access pipeline section of accumulator
Valve so that hydraulic oil can smoothly enter into accumulator when accumulator Absorbing hydraulic pulsation, and then when hydraulic oil flows back in accumulator
It will receive the control of throttle, oscillation-damped.
Invention intention of the invention and embodiment are described in detail above by embodiment, but institute of the present invention
Category field it will be recognized by the skilled artisan that above embodiments of the present invention one of are merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be a piece
Width limitation, cannot enumerate all embodiments one by one here, any implementation that can embody the claims in the present invention technical solution,
All within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of depth tunnel domain experimental rig, for carrying out loading experiment to the lining-up section of jurisdiction ring being mounted in movable support,
The depth tunnel domain experimental rig includes loading counter-force machine for applying the outer radial of radial load to lining-up section of jurisdiction ring
Structure and radially inside load counter-force mechanism；The outer radial load counter-force mechanism is disposed around lining-up section of jurisdiction ring periphery, and corresponding
Outer side cylinder is respectively set in each measuring point of the lining-up section of jurisdiction ring outer peripheral surface；The radially inside load counter-force mechanism is set to described
In the ring of lining-up section of jurisdiction, and it is provided with the interior side cylinder that configuration is corresponded with the outer side cylinder；It is characterized by: the depth tunnel
Domain experimental rig further includes executing agency, detection unit, the control unit for receiving the data information that the detection unit transmits；
The detection unit is for detecting system pressure information and the nothing of the outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder in the executing agency
Rod cavity pressure information；Described control unit is set with loaded load information corresponding with each outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder, described
It is embedded deep in theory that loaded load information is based on section of jurisdiction corresponding to experimental design requirement and the outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder
It should bear pressure from surrounding rock and the self weight of lining-up section of jurisdiction ring under degree and set；Described control unit is according to the loaded load information, nothing
Rod cavity pressure information and system pressure information are referred to using the control that PID Design of Closed-Loop Control goes out external side cylinder and interior side cylinder
It enables；The actuating mechanism controls connect each outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder, receive the control instruction letter of described control unit transmission
Breath, and the outer side cylinder and the corresponding load of interior side cylinder load are controlled by the proportional pressure control valve with amplifier.
2. depth tunnel domain experimental rig according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: based on the outer side cylinder and inside oil
Section of jurisdiction corresponding to cylinder should bear pressure from surrounding rock and the self weight of lining-up section of jurisdiction ring, the outer side cylinder and inside oil in the theoretical depth of burying
Cylinder is divided into several load groups；In any time that described control unit control executing agency is loaded: any one group of load
Oil cylinder loaded load in lotus group is identical, in each load group the loaded load of oil cylinder be incremented by with the corresponding section of jurisdiction theory depth of burying and
It is incremented by.
3. depth tunnel domain experimental rig according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the executing agency includes that outside is held
Sub- executing agency of row mechanism and inside；The sub- executing agency in outside includes that fuel tank and the outer radial load counter-force mechanism
The jacking hydraulic device that is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence of each load group；It include to be driven by motor in every group of jacking hydraulic device
Pump, the proportional pressure control valve with amplifier, accumulator and solenoid directional control valve；The oil inlet of the pump is connected to the fuel tank, described
The oil outlet of pump connects first pressure sensor, the first hydraulic fluid port of the proportional pressure control valve and solenoid directional control valve by check valve
First hydraulic fluid port；Second hydraulic fluid port of the proportional pressure control valve connects the accumulator；Second hydraulic fluid port of the solenoid directional control valve connects
Diverter module, by connecting second pressure sensor after shunting, and one group of load being connected in outer radial load counter-force mechanism
The rodless cavity of each outer side cylinder of lotus group；The outside cylinder rod chamber of this group of load group connects back to corresponding diverter module, leads to
Cross the third hydraulic fluid port that the solenoid directional control valve is connected after collaborating；4th hydraulic fluid port of the solenoid directional control valve is connected by oil return line
Return the fuel tank；The sub- executing agency in inside is identical as the structure of the sub- executing agency in the outside, every group of hydraulic dress of jacking
The solenoid directional control valve set shunted by diverter module after with third pressure sensor, and be connected to and radially inside load counter-force mechanism
One group of load group each inside oil cylinder rodless cavity；The group radially inside loads having for the interior side cylinder of counter-force mechanism load group
Rod cavity passes through the third hydraulic fluid port that corresponding diverter module interflow connects the solenoid directional control valve.
4. depth tunnel domain experimental rig according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the second hydraulic fluid port of the proportional pressure control valve
One-way throttle valve is additionally provided between the accumulator.
5. depth tunnel domain experimental rig according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described control unit is included at least and connect
Detection unit is received to transmit analog signal and it to be converted into the A/D conversion module of digital signal, the A/D conversion module and
The input terminal of PID controller is connected, and the output end of the PID controller is connected with D/A conversion module, the D/A modulus of conversion
Block is connected with the input terminal of the motor of sub- executing agency of the sub- executing agency in the outside and inside, proportional pressure control valve；The PID
Closed-loop control are as follows: if the not formed stationary value of oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure information that the PID controller receives, using to system
Pressure carries out closed-loop control, by system pressure information as feedback；If the oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure that the PID controller receives
Information forms stationary value, then is controlled using the pressure closed loop of oil cylinder rodless cavity, by oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure information as feedback；And
It is controlled according to the set pressure that above-mentioned feedback data exports the proportional pressure control valve.
6. depth tunnel domain experimental rig according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described control unit further includes that overshoot is mended
Repay controller, be preset with overshoot threshold value in the overshoot compensation controller, connect the D/A conversion module, detection unit and
PID controller, and judge that system overshoot is according to the internal object value that the rodless cavity pressure information and PID controller calculate
It is no to be higher than overshoot threshold value, if so, cutting off data connection between the PID controller and D/A conversion module, and converted to D/A
Module input constraint overshoot update information restores the PID controller and D/A turns until system overshoot is lower than overshoot threshold value
Change the mold data connection between block.
7. depth tunnel domain experimental rig according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the depth tunnel domain experimental rig also wraps
Include longitudinal load counter-force mechanism；Longitudinal load counter-force mechanism includes being supported in ground and being set to above the ring of the lining-up section of jurisdiction
Upperside frame, the upperside frame corresponds to each measuring point in the lining-up section of jurisdiction ring upper surface and side cylinder is respectively set, for
Lining-up section of jurisdiction ring applies along its longitudinal load；Described control unit is gone out using PID Design of Closed-Loop Control to upper side cylinder
Control instruction；The actuating mechanism controls connect each upper side cylinder, receive the control instruction information of described control unit transmission,
And the upper side cylinder loaded load is controlled by the proportional pressure control valve with amplifier.
8. depth tunnel domain experimental rig according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder are equal
It is divided into 9 load groups.
9. depth tunnel domain experimental rig according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the outer radial loads counter-force mechanism
Equipped with axially loaded jack reaction beam, the outer side cylinder is fixed on the axially loaded jack reaction beam；The lining-up
The supporting steel plate for being supported in the section of jurisdiction medial surface, the axially loaded jack reaction beam and supporting steel are disposed in the ring of section of jurisdiction
It is connected between plate by connecting rod；Bearing beam is additionally provided between the jacking end of the outer side cylinder and the section of jurisdiction lateral surface.
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| CN201811591357.6A CN109443823A (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2018-12-25 | A kind of depth tunnel domain experimental rig |
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