CN109682624A - A kind of depth tunnel domain test method - Google Patents
A kind of depth tunnel domain test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109682624A CN109682624A CN201811590199.2A CN201811590199A CN109682624A CN 109682624 A CN109682624 A CN 109682624A CN 201811590199 A CN201811590199 A CN 201811590199A CN 109682624 A CN109682624 A CN 109682624A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of deep tunnel domain test method, includes the following steps: one, should bear pressure from surrounding rock and lining-up section of jurisdiction ring from re-computation mechanical characteristic according under the experiment lining-up section of jurisdiction ring theory depth of burying, and selects loading scheme；Two, the longitudinal load reaction frame of preparation, outer radial load reaction frame and radially inside load reaction frame: preparation experiment lining-up section of jurisdiction ring；Three, it based on measuring point selected by step 1, is loaded in longitudinally load reaction frame, outer radial and corresponds to each measuring point installation oil cylinder on reaction frame, radially inside load reaction frame；And according to above-mentioned loading scheme, outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder are divided into several load groups, the oil cylinder of every group of load group is driven by one group of jacking hydraulic device；Four, according to above-mentioned loading scheme, one of longitudinal oil cylinder, outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder or a variety of are driven, hierarchical loading is carried out to experiment lining-up section of jurisdiction ring.This method precision is high, PID controller fine tuning can be effectively suppressed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tunnel lining-up section of jurisdiction more particularly to a kind of deep tunnel domain test methods.
Background technique
After subway tunnel builds up operation, with the continuous accumulation of service time, due to the inborn mass defect of lining structure of metro,
It easilys lead to Lining cracks, fall off, the generation of the diseases such as concrete carbonization, percolating water.Wherein Subway Tunnel Lining structure is opened
Split be leak, rise soil in most commonly seen disease incidence and tunnel, the direct inducement of the various diseases such as chip off-falling.
The Crack cause of Tunnel Lining Cracks is various and extremely complex, therefore probes into the origin cause of formation of tunnel-liner cracking, development
And whole destruction situation, common test method is test in situ or indoor model experiments.The former better authenticity and
Reliability, but test that be influenced influence factor by external worlds such as topographic and geologics larger, poor controllability is tested, after experiment difficulty is much larger than
Person.The latter's model test difficulty is small, strong operability, influenced by the external world it is smaller, it is applied widely, probing into tunnel defect mechanism
Experiment in, and apply most means.
The existing bracket loading test platform for tunnel model test, is broadly divided into two kinds, one is be applied to active force
On the soil body around tunnel, this bracket loading test platform considers the interaction of tunnel structure and country rock, but due to considering
The size of the boundary effect of model, tunnel model is subject to significant restrictions, this kind of testing stand can be only done the load of small scale
Test, is not easy to the formation and development of observation tunnel-liner disease, and structure stress is also opposite not clear enough；Another is
By the way of being loaded directly into, the stress condition of the tunnel surrounding soil body is simulated, active force is applied directly on tunnel model, no
By the constraint of tunnel boundary effect, achievable large-scale load test, the scope of application is more extensive, and facilitates look at
The disease of tunnel-liner during loading, from the microscopic damage of material to structure, integrally lose to structure again by the local failure of macroscopic view
Steady entire progressive Failure Instability.
Such as application No. is 201810386841.9 Chinese patent disclose a kind of tunnel threedimensional model bracket loading test platform and
For the test method of tunnel defect observation, structure are as follows: the reaction frame basis for wearing tunnel model including inside is placed simultaneously
The wheel track device of mobile tunnel model, simulates the loading system and measurement system of load；Reaction frame basis include bottom plate,
The door-shaped frame being arranged on bottom plate and the cambered surface reaction frame being arranged in door-shaped frame；Wheel track device includes above bottom plate
Track, can Horizontal shifting platform along the opposite sliding of track and the model base that is arranged on Horizontal shifting platform, the model base bottom passes through
Pedestal spring is connect with Horizontal shifting platform；Loading system includes the loading device being arranged on the inside of cambered surface reaction frame, is shored in tunnel
Cambered surface load plate on model top outer wall connects the loading spring of loading device and cambered surface load plate；Measurement system includes
Pressure sensor and displacement meter, the pressure sensor are arranged in cambered surface load plate in model base, and displacement meter setting exists
On the inner sidewall of tunnel model.The loading device includes jack and the hydraulic pressure pump group for jack output pressure, jack
It is 2 groups, setting corresponding with the position of door-shaped frame, the quantity of every group of jack is 7, along the circumferential, uniform of tunnel model
Arranged for interval is on the outside of the side wall and roof of tunnel model.
The HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM precision of above-mentioned this loading device is poor, sets pressure and actual pressure difference is larger, when
When to entire annular section of jurisdiction load, when such as entire section of jurisdiction cyclization power is not zero, entire ring can be moved.To carry out in test difference
Grade, the load of the power of different directions, are necessary for zero with joint efforts.It is required that accurately to control pressure error minimum for the pressure of every group oil cylinder.And
Above-mentioned loading device is difficult to meet high-precision testing requirement.
To defect of the existing technology, the present invention is proposed.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is propose a kind of deep tunnel domain test method, the depth for the disadvantage on prior art construction
The longitudinal load counter-force mechanism of tunnel domain test method setting, outer radial load counter-force mechanism and radially inside load counter-force machine
Structure using system pressure and oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure as feedback, and passes through PID closed-loop control accumulator and proportional pressure control valve
Oil cylinder loaded load is controlled, precision is higher.
In order to achieve the above object of the invention, a kind of deep tunnel domain test method that the embodiment of the present invention proposes, by following
What technical solution was realized:
A kind of depth tunnel domain test method, it is real for carrying out load to the lining-up section of jurisdiction ring being mounted in movable support
It tests, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps:
One, pressure from surrounding rock and lining-up section of jurisdiction ring be should bear from re-computation according under the experiment lining-up section of jurisdiction ring theory depth of burying
Mechanical characteristic, and loading scheme is selected based on the mechanical characteristic, the loading scheme include need the measuring point that is further applied load and
The loaded load of each measuring point；
Two, the longitudinal load reaction frame of preparation, outer radial load reaction frame and radially inside load reaction frame: system
Standby experiment lining-up section of jurisdiction ring；And it will experiment lining-up section of jurisdiction ring, longitudinal load reaction frame, outer radial load reaction frame and interior
The assembly positioning of side radial loaded reaction frame；
Three, based on measuring point selected by step 1, each measuring point is corresponded on longitudinally load reaction frame, longitudinal oil cylinder is installed,
Each measuring point is corresponded on outer radial load reaction frame, outer side cylinder is installed, correspond to each survey on the radial loaded reaction frame of inside
Point installs interior side cylinder；And according to the selected loading scheme of step 1, outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder are divided into several loads
The oil cylinder of lotus group, every group of load group is driven by one group of jacking hydraulic device, makes the oil cylinder loaded load in any one group of load group
It is identical；
Four, the loading scheme according to determined by step 1 drives one of longitudinal oil cylinder, outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder
Or it is a variety of, hierarchical loading is carried out to experiment lining-up section of jurisdiction ring:
A, PID controller control jacking hydraulic device carrys out drive cylinder and starts to stretch out, in the oil cylinder that PID controller receives
Rodless cavity pressure information is formed before stationary value, carries out closed-loop control to system pressure, by system pressure information as feedback, and
Loaded load is controlled according to above-mentioned feedback data；
B, after the oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure information that the PID controller receives forms stationary value, using oil cylinder rodless
The pressure closed loop of chamber controls, by oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure information as feeding back, and according to above-mentioned feedback data to loaded load into
Row control；
C, by setting time pressure maintaining after reaching setting pressure rating, and measurement experiment data；Continue later using oil cylinder
The control of rodless cavity pressure closed loop, control oil cylinder are further stretched out to enter next pressure rating；
D, step C is repeated, until completing the loading scheme；
In above-mentioned loading procedure, in each load group the loaded load of oil cylinder be incremented by with the corresponding section of jurisdiction theory depth of burying and
It is incremented by.
Step B, further comprising the steps of in C, D:
A, whether the internal object value calculating calculated according to rodless cavity pressure information and PID controller judges system overshoot
Higher than the overshoot threshold value of setting: if being higher than overshoot threshold value, carrying out step F；If carrying out step G not higher than overshoot threshold value；
B, overshoot compensation controller cuts off data connection between the PID controller and D/A conversion module, and turns to D/A
Block input constraint overshoot update information is changed the mold, until system overshoot is lower than overshoot threshold value, restores the PID controller and D/A
Data connection between conversion module；
C, PID calculating and control are carried out according to the internal object value that PID is calculated.
Loading scheme includes only outer side cylinder loading scheme and only interior side cylinder loading scheme；Add in the only outer side cylinder
It is step B, further comprising the steps of in C, D in load scheme and only interior side cylinder loading scheme:
After detecting rodless cavity pressure more than given threshold, add in the rodless cavity pressure selection load group based on each load group
It is highest one or more groups of to carry load, PID controller control is past with the frequency periodicity of 0.5-2Hz by the oil cylinder of selection load group
It is multiple flexible；During the reciprocal telescopic, the load data peak of PID controller output is internal object value, minimum
For (internal object value-pressure error).
It include that pump, the proportional pressure control valve with amplifier, accumulator and the electromagnetism being driven by motor change in jacking hydraulic device
To valve；The oil inlet of pump is connected to fuel tank, and the oil outlet of pump connects first pressure sensor, proportional pressure control valve by check valve
First hydraulic fluid port of the first hydraulic fluid port and solenoid directional control valve；Second hydraulic fluid port of proportional pressure control valve connects accumulator；The of solenoid directional control valve
Two hydraulic fluid ports connect diverter module, by connecting second pressure sensor after shunting, and are connected to outer radial load counter-force machine frame
The rodless cavity of each oil cylinder of one group of load group in frame or radially inside load counter-force machine frame；This group of load group oil cylinder has bar
Chamber connects back to corresponding diverter module, by the third hydraulic fluid port for connecting solenoid directional control valve behind interflow；4th oil of solenoid directional control valve
Mouth connects oil return box by oil return line.
Outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder are divided into 9 load groups.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, using system pressure and oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure as feedback, and pass through PID closed-loop control accumulator and ratio
Example overflow valve controls oil cylinder loaded load, realizes Automatic Control.In entire experiment, oil cylinder is stretched out since reset condition,
Oil cylinder is not exposed to section of jurisdiction, and the not formed stationary value of oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure controls the pressure closed loop of system, by oil pump systems
Pressure is as feedback.Pressure error is smaller when oil cylinder contacts section of jurisdiction in this way.When oil cylinder contacts section of jurisdiction, oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure shape
At stationary value, the pressure closed loop of oil cylinder rodless cavity is controlled, by oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure as feeding back, trueness error is less than
0.1Kg/cm2。
2, according to requirement of experiment specification, when in test rising to another pressure rating from a pressure rating, if
PID constant will appear mismatch when encountering accumulator pressurizing point, may cause the small overshoot of pressure, at this moment overshoot compensation controller
Automatically it provides and inhibits overshoot update information, until the overshoot of PID controller is lower than overshoot threshold value, restore PID controller and D/A
Data connection between conversion module.
3, in view of easily vibrating repeatedly after accumulator absorption pressure, therefore increase one-way throttle on the access pipeline section of accumulator
Valve so that hydraulic oil can smoothly enter into accumulator when accumulator Absorbing hydraulic pulsation, and then when hydraulic oil flows back in accumulator
It will receive the control of throttle, oscillation-damped.
Detailed description of the invention
By the description carried out with reference to the accompanying drawing to its exemplary embodiment, features described above and advantage of the present invention will become
It obtains more clear and is readily appreciated that.
Fig. 1 is that depth of the embodiment of the present invention tunnel domain tests outer radial load counter-force mechanism and radially inside loads counter-force machine
Structure structure chart；
Fig. 2 is the hydraulic schematic diagram I of depth of embodiment of the present invention tunnel domain test method；
Fig. 3 is the hydraulic schematic diagram II of depth of embodiment of the present invention tunnel domain test method；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of depth of embodiment of the present invention tunnel domain test method；
Fig. 5 is that depth of the embodiment of the present invention tunnel domain tests hydraulic cylinder and section of jurisdiction extrados measuring point value arrangement map；
Fig. 6 is the A-A sectional schematic diagram of Fig. 1；
Fig. 7 is the B-B sectional schematic diagram of Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in order to the understanding of technical staff of the same trade:
Referring to shown in Fig. 1-7, the present invention provides a kind of deep tunnel domain test method, for being mounted on movable support 1
On lining-up section of jurisdiction ring 2 carry out the loading experiment depth tunnel domain test method mainly use following equipment:
Outer radial loads counter-force mechanism 3
Outer radial load counter-force mechanism 3 includes the lateral frame 31 for being disposed around 2 periphery of lining-up section of jurisdiction ring, lateral frame 31
Outer side cylinder 32 is respectively set in each measuring point of corresponding 2 outer peripheral surface of lining-up section of jurisdiction ring, for applying radial load to lining-up section of jurisdiction ring 2
Lotus
Referring to shown in Fig. 6-7, lateral frame 31 is equipped with axially loaded jack reaction beam 33, and outer side cylinder 32 is fixed on
On the axially loaded jack reaction beam 33；The supporting steel plate 34 for being supported in 22 medial surface of section of jurisdiction is disposed in lining-up section of jurisdiction ring 2.
It is connected between axially loaded jack reaction beam 33 and supporting steel plate 34 by connecting rod 35.In addition, the top of outer side cylinder 32
It rises and is additionally provided with bearing beam 36 between end and 21 lateral surface of section of jurisdiction.
The distributed figure of 2 outer peripheral surface measuring point of lining-up section of jurisdiction ring and outer side cylinder 32 can be found in shown in Fig. 5, lining-up section of jurisdiction ring
2 outer peripheral surface measuring points mainly have connector subtended angle (joint open) measuring point, circumferential weld radial direction changing of the relative positions measuring point, concrete strain measuring point, lining tube
Loop radial displacement measuring point.And outer side cylinder 32 is then corresponded in each measuring point, for 96.
Influence for model configuration self weight to its entire loading process, and sufficiently simulation liner structure is in the practical soil body
In stress；The theoretical depth of burying based on section of jurisdiction 22 corresponding to outer side cylinder 32 under different geological environments, which should bear, encloses
Rock pressure power and lining-up section of jurisdiction ring 2 are self-possessed, and outer side cylinder 32 is divided into 9 load groups, labeled as P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7,
P8,P9.Wherein:
Load group P1 and P9 are respectively made of 4 outer side cylinders 32.
Load group P3, P5, P7 are respectively made of 8 outer side cylinders 32.
Load group P2, P4, P6, P8 are respectively made of 16 outer side cylinders 32.
Radially inside load counter-force mechanism 4
Radially inside load counter-force mechanism 4 includes the inner frame 41 in lining-up section of jurisdiction ring 2, is set in inner frame 41
Set several interior side cylinders 42.Inner frame 41 is equally real by supporting steel plate, axially loaded jack reaction beam and connecting rod
It is now opposite with lining-up section of jurisdiction ring 2 to connect, it is similar to outer radial load counter-force mechanism 3 in view of its structure, therefore save herein somewhat
The description of body structure and attached drawing are said.
It is corresponded in view of 2 outer peripheral surface measuring point of lining-up section of jurisdiction ring and inner peripheral surface measuring point, interior 42 quantity of side cylinder and laying position
It sets same and outer side cylinder 32 to correspond, 42 measuring point value arrangement map of interior side cylinder is omitted at this.
The influence that same model configuration is self-possessed to its entire loading process, and sufficiently simulation liner structure is in the practical soil body
In stress；The theoretical depth of burying based on section of jurisdiction 22 corresponding to interior side cylinder 42 under different geological environments, which should bear, encloses
Rock pressure power and lining-up section of jurisdiction ring 2 are self-possessed, and interior side cylinder 42 is equally divided into 9 load groups, labeled as F1, F2, F3, F4, F5,
F6,F7,F8,F9.Wherein:
Load group F1 and F9 are respectively made of 4 outer side cylinders 32.
Load group F3, F5, F7 are respectively made of 8 outer side cylinders 32.
Load group F2, F4, F6, F8 are respectively made of 16 outer side cylinders 32.
Longitudinal load counter-force mechanism
Longitudinal load counter-force mechanism 5 includes the upperside frame 51 for being supported in ground and being set to 2 top of lining-up section of jurisdiction ring, upside
Side cylinder 52 is respectively set in the corresponding each measuring point in lining-up section of jurisdiction ring upper surface of frame 51, vertical along it for applying to lining-up section of jurisdiction ring
To load, upper 52 quantity of side cylinder totally 24.
Executing agency
Executing agency 6 includes the sub- executing agency 61 in outside, the sub- executing agency in inside and longitudinal sub- executing agency 61.
Wherein:
Shown in Figure 2, the sub- executing agency 62 in outside includes fuel tank 621, each load with outer radial load counter-force mechanism 3
The one-to-one 9 groups of jacking hydraulic devices of lotus group.In every group of jacking hydraulic device include fuel tank 621, solenoid directional control valve 622,
Pump 623, proportional pressure control valve 625 and accumulator 624.
Vane pump can be used in pump 623, and is driven using the alternating current generator of 11kw.The oil inlet of pump 623 is connected to fuel tank
621, oil outlet is connected to the first oil of the first hydraulic fluid port of proportional pressure control valve 625, solenoid directional control valve 622 by check valve 626
Mouth and first pressure sensor 627.First pressure sensor 627 is used for detection system pressure.
It is provided with amplifier on proportional pressure control valve 625, for realizing the pressure for changing the hydraulic oil for entering system.Ratio is overflow
The second hydraulic fluid port for flowing valve 625 connects accumulator 624.In view of easily being vibrated repeatedly after 624 absorption pressure of accumulator, therefore in accumulator
Increase one-way throttle valve on 624 access pipeline section, i.e., between the second hydraulic fluid port and accumulator 524 of proportional pressure control valve 625.Make
Hydraulic oil can smoothly enter into accumulator 624 when obtaining 624 Absorbing hydraulic pulsation of accumulator, and then when hydraulic oil flows back in accumulator
It will receive the control of throttle, oscillation-damped.
Second hydraulic fluid port of solenoid directional control valve 622 connects diverter module 628, by after shunting with second pressure sensor 628
Connection, and each outer 32 rodless cavity of side cylinder for one group of load group being connected in outer radial load counter-force mechanism 3.Second pressure
Force snesor 628 is used to detect the pressure of outer 32 rodless cavity of side cylinder.
The rod chamber that outer radial loads the outer side cylinder 32 of every group of load group of counter-force mechanism 3 connects diverter module 628,
By the third hydraulic fluid port for connecting solenoid directional control valve 622 behind interflow by diverter module 628.4th hydraulic fluid port of solenoid directional control valve 622 is logical
Subcooler connects oil return box 621 with filter and oil return line.
In the present embodiment, corresponding different load group, diverter module 628 use different structures.Load group P1, P9
Diverter module 628 is completed to shunt with first branching block.628 structure of diverter module of load group P3, P5, P7 are the second shunting
Block parallel connection 2 piece of first branching block, and point or so arrangement.Load group P2, P4, P6, P8 connect 4 piece first with the second branching block respectively again
Branching block.First branching block is 2 oil inlets, 8 oil outlets；Second branching block is 2 oil inlets, 8 oil outlets.
The sub- executing agency in inside is identical as the structure of the sub- executing agency in outside, the electromagnetic switch of every group of jacking hydraulic device
Valve shunted by diverter module after with third pressure sensor, and connect one group of load group for radially inside loading counter-force mechanism
Each inside oil cylinder rodless cavity, third pressure sensor are used to detect the pressure of interior 42 rodless cavity of side cylinder.The load group it is interior
The rod chamber of side cylinder passes through the third hydraulic fluid port of corresponding diverter module interflow connection solenoid directional control valve.Inside is omitted herein to execute
The hydraulic schematic diagram of mechanism.
As shown in Figure 3, the structure of longitudinal sub- executing agency 61 is roughly the same with sub- 62 structure of executing agency in outside, outside
Executing agency 61 includes fuel tank 611, solenoid directional control valve 612, pump 613, proportional pressure control valve 615 and accumulator 614.
Vane pump can be used in pump 613, and is driven using the alternating current generator of 11kw.The oil inlet of pump 613 is connected to fuel tank
611, oil outlet is connected to the first oil of the first hydraulic fluid port of proportional pressure control valve 615, solenoid directional control valve 612 by check valve 616
Mouth and first pressure sensor 617.First pressure sensor 617 is used for detection system pressure.It is provided on proportional pressure control valve 615
Amplifier, for realizing the pressure for changing the hydraulic oil for entering system.Second hydraulic fluid port of proportional pressure control valve 615 connects accumulator
614.In view of easily vibrating repeatedly after 614 absorption pressure of accumulator, therefore increase one-way throttle on the access pipeline section of accumulator 614
Valve, i.e., between the second hydraulic fluid port and accumulator 524 of proportional pressure control valve 615.So that liquid when 614 Absorbing hydraulic pulsation of accumulator
Pressure oil can smoothly enter into accumulator 614, and then will receive the control of throttle when hydraulic oil flows back in accumulator, eliminate vibration
It swings.
Second hydraulic fluid port of solenoid directional control valve 612 connects diverter module 618, and diverter module 618 is that 2 oil inlets 48 are fuel-displaced
Mouthful.By connecting after shunting with the 4th pressure sensor 618, and it is connected to the rodless cavity of 24 upper side cylinders 52.Second pressure
Sensor 618 is used to detect the pressure of 52 rodless cavity of side cylinder.
The rod chamber of 24 upper side cylinders 52 connects diverter module 618, by connecting electromagnetism by diverter module 618 behind interflow
The third hydraulic fluid port of reversal valve 612.4th hydraulic fluid port of solenoid directional control valve 612 is connected by cooler with filter and oil return line
Oil return box 611.
Above-mentioned first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor, third pressure sensor, the 4th pressure sensor are constituted
The detection unit of the present apparatus.
Control unit
Control unit receives the data information of detection unit transmission.Control unit is set with experiment loaded load scheme, should
Loading scheme is agreed under the theoretical depth of burying based on experimental design requirement, and section of jurisdiction corresponding to outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder
It is set by pressure from surrounding rock and the self weight of lining-up section of jurisdiction ring.
Control unit uses the control of PID closed loop according to loaded load information, rodless cavity pressure information and system pressure information
Mode processed designs the control instruction of external side cylinder and interior side cylinder.The control of executing agency 6 connects each outer side cylinder and inside
Oil cylinder, the control instruction information of reception control unit transmission, and by proportional pressure control valve with amplifier control outer side cylinder with
Interior side cylinder loaded load.
Shown in Figure 4, the signal message that control unit includes at least reception detection unit transmission converts analog signal
At the A/D conversion module and PID controller of digital signal, A/D conversion module is connected with the input terminal of PID controller, PID control
The output end of device processed is connected with D/A conversion module, the electricity of D/A conversion module and sub- executing agency of the sub- executing agency in outside and inside
Machine, proportional pressure control valve input terminal be connected.
In conjunction with the above-mentioned description to each equipment used in the present embodiment method, the depth tunnel domain provided by the present embodiment
The main following steps of test method:
One, pressure from surrounding rock and lining-up section of jurisdiction ring be should bear from re-computation according under the experiment lining-up section of jurisdiction ring theory depth of burying
Mechanical characteristic, and loading scheme is selected based on the mechanical characteristic, loading scheme includes the measuring point for needing to be further applied load and each survey
The loaded load of point；
Two, according to structure described above, longitudinal load reaction frame is prepared, outer radial loads reaction frame and interior
Side radial loaded reaction frame:
Preparation experiment lining-up section of jurisdiction ring: it according to the size and profile curves radian of experiment lining-up section of jurisdiction ring, is prefabricated in the factory
Cambered surface load plate, experiment lining-up section of jurisdiction ring pedestal and movable support；After-pouring test lining-up section of jurisdiction ring；Lining-up will be tested
Section of jurisdiction ring is correspondingly placed in movable support；
The section of jurisdiction of positioning experiment lining-up later ring loads experiment lining-up section of jurisdiction ring, longitudinal load reaction frame, outer radial
Reaction frame and radially inside load reaction frame assembly positioning；
Three, based on measuring point selected by step 1, each measuring point is corresponded on longitudinally load reaction frame, longitudinal oil cylinder is installed,
Each measuring point is corresponded on outer radial load reaction frame, outer side cylinder is installed, correspond to each survey on the radial loaded reaction frame of inside
Point installs interior side cylinder；
Four, the loading scheme according to determined by step 1 drives one of longitudinal oil cylinder, outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder
Or it is a variety of, hierarchical loading is carried out to experiment lining-up section of jurisdiction ring:
A, PID controller control jacking hydraulic device carrys out drive cylinder and starts to stretch out, in the oil cylinder that PID controller receives
Rodless cavity pressure information is formed before stationary value, carries out closed-loop control to system pressure, by system pressure information as feedback, and
According to above-mentioned feedback data, the set pressure of PID controller export ratio overflow valve controls loaded load；
B, after the oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure information that the PID controller receives forms stationary value, using oil cylinder rodless
The pressure closed loop of chamber controls, and by oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure information as feedback, and according to above-mentioned feedback data, PID controller is defeated
The set pressure of proportional pressure control valve controls loaded load out；
C, by setting time pressure maintaining after reaching setting pressure rating, and measurement experiment data；Continue later using oil cylinder
The control of rodless cavity pressure closed loop, control oil cylinder are further stretched out to enter next pressure rating；
D, step C is repeated, until completing the loading scheme；
In above-mentioned loading procedure, in each load group the loaded load of oil cylinder be incremented by with the corresponding section of jurisdiction theory depth of burying and
It is incremented by.
In addition, especially in test rising to another pressure from a pressure rating in order to avoid PID controller overshoot
When power grade, PID constant will appear mismatch when can encounter accumulator pressurizing point, small overshoot be caused stress, step B, in C, D
It is further comprising the steps of:
A, whether the internal object value calculating calculated according to rodless cavity pressure information and PID controller judges system overshoot
Higher than the overshoot threshold value of setting: if being higher than overshoot threshold value, carrying out step b；If carrying out step c not higher than overshoot threshold value；
B, overshoot compensation controller cuts off data connection between the PID controller and D/A conversion module, and turns to D/A
Block input constraint overshoot update information is changed the mold, until system overshoot is lower than overshoot threshold value, restores the PID controller and D/A
Data connection between conversion module；
C, PID calculating and control are carried out according to the internal object value that PID is calculated.
Overshoot compensation controller connecting detection unit, and D/A conversion module and PID control are connected by switch relay
Device.
In above-mentioned loading scheme, the scheme including external side cylinder loading scheme and the load of interior side cylinder simultaneously, this
When experiment lining-up section of jurisdiction ring stress resultant force be zero；It simultaneously further include only outer side cylinder loading scheme and only interior side cylinder load side
Case is used for the case where simulating with test experiments lining-up section of jurisdiction ring unilateral side stress.
It is step B, further comprising the steps of in C, D in only outer side cylinder loading scheme and only in side cylinder loading scheme:
After the rodless cavity pressure that detection unit is monitored is more than given threshold, based on the rodless cavity pressure of each load group,
PID controller selects loaded load in load group highest one or more groups of, and PID controller control later is by selection load group
Oil cylinder is with the frequency periodicity reciprocal telescopic of 0.5-2Hz.During reciprocal telescopic, the exported loaded load number of PID controller
According to crest value is internal object value, and valley value is (internal object value-pressure error).
The reason of the step is arranged is: increase with the corresponding section of jurisdiction depth of burying in view of the on-load pressure of different loads group and
Increase, tests the circumferential stress of lining-up section of jurisdiction ring and uneven during loading, circumferential surface deflection is also with loaded load
Height without etc..When loaded load is higher (more than 200Kg/cm2), experiment lining-up section of jurisdiction ring is because of each section of jurisdiction deformation quantity
It is different and occur damaged, lead to the failure of an experiment.Therefore in the range of experimental error allows, the higher load of loaded load is controlled
The periodic reverse that group carries out minimum amplitude is flexible, it is possible to prevente effectively from the breakage of experiment lining-up section of jurisdiction ring.
Deep tunnel domain experimental rig further include compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, using system pressure and oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure as feedback, and pass through PID closed-loop control accumulator and ratio
Example overflow valve controls oil cylinder loaded load, realizes Automatic Control.In entire experiment, oil cylinder is stretched out since reset condition,
Oil cylinder is not exposed to section of jurisdiction, and the not formed stationary value of oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure controls the pressure closed loop of system, by oil pump systems
Pressure is as feedback.Pressure error is smaller when oil cylinder contacts section of jurisdiction in this way.When oil cylinder contacts section of jurisdiction, oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure shape
At stationary value, the pressure closed loop of oil cylinder rodless cavity is controlled, by oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure as feeding back, trueness error is less than
0.1Kg/cm2。
2, according to requirement of experiment specification, when in test rising to another pressure rating from a pressure rating, if
PID constant will appear mismatch when encountering accumulator pressurizing point, may cause the small overshoot of pressure, at this moment overshoot compensation controller
Automatically it provides and inhibits overshoot update information, until the overshoot of PID controller is lower than overshoot threshold value, restore PID controller and D/A
Data connection between conversion module.
3, in view of easily vibrating repeatedly after accumulator absorption pressure, therefore increase one-way throttle on the access pipeline section of accumulator
Valve so that hydraulic oil can smoothly enter into accumulator when accumulator Absorbing hydraulic pulsation, and then when hydraulic oil flows back in accumulator
It will receive the control of throttle, oscillation-damped.
Invention intention of the invention and embodiment are described in detail above by embodiment, but institute of the present invention
Category field it will be recognized by the skilled artisan that above embodiments of the present invention one of are merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be a piece
Width limitation, cannot enumerate all embodiments one by one here, any implementation that can embody the claims in the present invention technical solution,
All within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of depth tunnel domain test method, for carrying out loading experiment to the lining-up section of jurisdiction ring being mounted in movable support,
It is characterized in that this method comprises the following steps:
One, pressure from surrounding rock and lining-up section of jurisdiction ring be should bear from re-computation stress according under the experiment lining-up section of jurisdiction ring theory depth of burying
Characteristic, and loading scheme is selected based on the mechanical characteristic, the loading scheme includes the measuring point for needing to be further applied load and each survey
The loaded load of point；
Two, the longitudinal load reaction frame of preparation, outer radial load reaction frame and radially inside load reaction frame: preparation is real
Test lining-up section of jurisdiction ring；And it will experiment lining-up section of jurisdiction ring, longitudinal load reaction frame, outer radial load reaction frame and inside diameter
To load reaction frame assembly positioning；
Three, based on measuring point selected by step 1, each measuring point is corresponded on longitudinally load reaction frame, longitudinal oil cylinder is installed, on the outside
Each measuring point being corresponded on radial loaded reaction frame, outer side cylinder being installed, each measuring point peace is corresponded on the radial loaded reaction frame of inside
Side cylinder in filling；And according to the selected loading scheme of step 1, outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder are divided into several load groups,
The oil cylinder of every group of load group is driven by one group of jacking hydraulic device, keeps the oil cylinder loaded load in any one group of load group identical；
Four, the loading scheme according to determined by step 1 drives one of longitudinal oil cylinder, outer side cylinder and interior side cylinder or more
Kind, hierarchical loading is carried out to experiment lining-up section of jurisdiction ring:
A, PID controller control jacking hydraulic device carrys out drive cylinder and starts to stretch out, in the oil cylinder rodless that PID controller receives
Cavity pressure information is formed before stationary value, carries out closed-loop control to system pressure, by system pressure information as feedback, and according to
Above-mentioned feedback data controls loaded load；
B, after the oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure information that the PID controller receives forms stationary value, using oil cylinder rodless cavity
Pressure closed loop control, by oil cylinder rodless cavity pressure information as feedback, and controls loaded load according to above-mentioned feedback data
System；
C, by setting time pressure maintaining after reaching setting pressure rating, and measurement experiment data；Continue later using oil cylinder rodless
Cavity pressure closed-loop control, control oil cylinder are further stretched out to enter next pressure rating；
D, step C is repeated, until completing the loading scheme；
In above-mentioned loading procedure, the loaded load of oil cylinder is incremented by with the corresponding section of jurisdiction theory depth of burying and is passed in each load group
Increase.
2. depth tunnel domain test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include in described step B, C, D with
Lower step:
A, the internal object value calculating calculated according to rodless cavity pressure information and PID controller judges whether system overshoot is higher than
The overshoot threshold value of setting: if being higher than overshoot threshold value, step b is carried out；If carrying out step c not higher than overshoot threshold value；
B, overshoot compensation controller cuts off data connection between the PID controller and D/A conversion module, and to D/A modulus of conversion
Block input constraint overshoot update information restores the PID controller and D/A conversion until system overshoot is lower than overshoot threshold value
Data connection between module；
C, PID calculating and control are carried out according to the internal object value that PID is calculated.
3. depth tunnel domain test method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the loading scheme includes only outside oil
Cylinder loading scheme and only interior side cylinder loading scheme；Side cylinder loading scheme in the only outer side cylinder loading scheme and only
In, it is step B, further comprising the steps of in C, D:
After detecting rodless cavity pressure more than given threshold, loads and carry in the rodless cavity pressure selection load group based on each load group
Lotus is highest one or more groups of, and PID controller control is back and forth stretched by the oil cylinder of selection load group with the frequency periodicity of 0.5-2Hz
Contracting；During the reciprocal telescopic, the amplitude of variation for the loaded load data that PID controller is exported is: crest value is interior
Portion's target value, valley value are (internal object value-pressure error).
4. depth tunnel domain test method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: include in the jacking hydraulic device by
Motor-driven pump, the proportional pressure control valve with amplifier, accumulator and solenoid directional control valve；The oil inlet of pump is connected to fuel tank, pump
Oil outlet pass through check valve connect first pressure sensor, proportional pressure control valve the first hydraulic fluid port and solenoid directional control valve first oil
Mouthful；Second hydraulic fluid port of proportional pressure control valve connects accumulator；Second hydraulic fluid port of solenoid directional control valve connects diverter module, after shunting
Second pressure sensor is connected, and is connected to outer radial load counter-force machine frame or radially inside loads in counter-force machine frame
The rodless cavity of each oil cylinder of one group of load group；This group of load group oil cylinder rod chamber connects back to corresponding diverter module, passes through conjunction
The third hydraulic fluid port of solenoid directional control valve is connected after stream；4th hydraulic fluid port of solenoid directional control valve connects oil return box by oil return line.
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| CN111220368A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-02 | 北京交通大学 | Fatigue damage model test platform and method for connecting bolt of fabricated lining segment |
| CN112381283A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-19 | 中铁（天津）隧道工程勘察设计有限公司 | Tunnel disease treatment method |
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| CN109682624B (en) | 2020-07-31 |
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