CN109435977A - 一种双燃料内燃机车 - Google Patents

一种双燃料内燃机车 Download PDF

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CN109435977A
CN109435977A CN201811336735.6A CN201811336735A CN109435977A CN 109435977 A CN109435977 A CN 109435977A CN 201811336735 A CN201811336735 A CN 201811336735A CN 109435977 A CN109435977 A CN 109435977A
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fuel
locomotive
internal combustion
combustion engine
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刘军
朱延东
韩笑
孟玉发
叶顶康
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CRRC Ziyang Co Ltd
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CRRC Ziyang Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61CLOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C7/00Other locomotives or motor railcars characterised by the type of motive power plant used; Locomotives or motor railcars with two or more different kinds or types of motive power
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B69/00Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types
    • F02B69/02Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different fuel types, other than engines indifferent to fuel consumed, e.g. convertible from light to heavy fuel
    • F02B69/04Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different fuel types, other than engines indifferent to fuel consumed, e.g. convertible from light to heavy fuel for gaseous and non-gaseous fuels
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0203Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
    • F02M21/0215Mixtures of gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Biogas; Mine gas; Landfill gas
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0221Fuel storage reservoirs, e.g. cryogenic tanks
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0227Means to treat or clean gaseous fuels or fuel systems, e.g. removal of tar, cracking, reforming or enriching
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/023Valves; Pressure or flow regulators in the fuel supply or return system
    • F02M21/0242Shut-off valves; Check valves; Safety valves; Pressure relief valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/06Apparatus for de-liquefying, e.g. by heating
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Abstract

本发明公开了一种双燃料内燃机车,包括:机车和LNG燃料罐车,所述机车和LNG燃料罐车相连接并一起运动,所述LNG燃料罐车为机车提供燃料,所述机车具有双燃料发动机,所述双燃料发动机通过机车输气管进行燃气输入,所述LNG燃料罐车具有燃气罐,所述机车输气管通过软管与燃气罐相连接,通过随车设置燃料罐车连同燃油系统为双燃料发动机提供燃料,并在燃气管路上设置相应的安全和过滤装置,通过汽化装置进行汽化后进行燃烧,从而实现机车的双燃料供给方式。

Description

一种双燃料内燃机车
技术领域
本发明涉及机车技术领域,特别是涉及一种双燃料内燃机车。
背景技术
目前国内的铁路运输行业中内燃机车主要以燃烧柴油为动力来源,随着燃料多样性,以及区域燃料的不同特性的供给方式,主要以燃烧柴油为动力来源的机车逐渐不能适应社会的发展。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中存在的上述问题,提出一种双燃料内燃机车,通过随车设置燃料罐车连同燃油系统为双燃料发动机提供燃料,并在燃气管路上设置相应的安全和过滤装置,通过汽化装置进行汽化后进行燃烧,从而实现机车的双燃料供给方式。
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案来实现:
一种双燃料内燃机车,包括:机车和LNG燃料罐车,所述机车和LNG燃料罐车相连接并一起运动,所述LNG燃料罐车为机车提供燃料,所述机车具有双燃料发动机,所述双燃料发动机通过机车输气管进行燃气输入,所述LNG燃料罐车具有燃气罐,所述机车输气管通过软管与燃气罐相连接。
本发明的一种双燃料内燃机车,所述机车输气管上设置有汽化器,所述机车输气管靠近软管依次设置有紧急切断阀和入汽化器阀。
本发明的一种双燃料内燃机车,所述入汽化器阀的出口端的管路上设置有差动式调压阀。
本发明的一种双燃料内燃机车,所述入汽化器阀的进口端的管路上设置有过滤器。
本发明的一种双燃料内燃机车,所述机车输气管上具有排出管,所述排出管上设置有管路安全阀。
本发明的一种双燃料内燃机车,所述管路安全阀上方设置有阻火器。
本发明的一种双燃料内燃机车,所述汽化器上设置有冷却水进口。
本发明的一种双燃料内燃机车,所述双燃料发动机与机车输气管连接处设置有用气接口。
根据上述技术方案,本发明的有益效果是:提出一种双燃料内燃机车,通过随车设置燃料罐车连同燃油系统为双燃料发动机提供燃料,并在燃气管路上设置相应的安全和过滤装置,通过汽化装置进行汽化后进行燃烧,从而实现机车的双燃料供给方式。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种双燃料内燃机车示意图;
图2是本发明一种双燃料内燃机车局部放大图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例和附图对本发明作进一步的说明。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明
如图1-2为本发明一种双燃料内燃机车的实施例,一种双燃料内燃机车,包括:机车1和LNG燃料罐车2,所述机车1和LNG燃料罐车2相连接并一起运动,所述LNG燃料罐车2为机车1提供燃料,所述机车1具有双燃料发动机3,所述双燃料发动机3通过机车输气管6进行燃气输入,所述LNG燃料罐车2具有燃气罐4,所述机车输气管6通过软管5与燃气罐4相连接,所述机车输气管6上设置有汽化器11,所述机车输气管6靠近软管5依次设置有紧急切断阀7和入汽化器阀8,所述入汽化器阀8的出口端的管路上设置有差动式调压阀14,所述入汽化器阀8的进口端的管路上设置有过滤器13,所述机车输气管6上具有排出管,所述排出管上设置有管路安全阀10,所述管路安全阀10上方设置有阻火器9,所述汽化器11上设置有冷却水进口12,所述双燃料发动机3与机车输气管6连接处设置有用气接口15。
双燃料机车采用柴油和天然气双燃料发动机,通过以燃烧柴油和天然气产生动力驱动主发电机发出三相交流电输入主变流装置,主变流装置先将此三相交流电变换成中间直流电,然后将此中间直流电压变换成可调频调压的三相交流电分别向两台转向架的6个异步牵引电动机供电,6个异步牵引电动机拖动机车轮对驱动机车运行。
双燃料机车相对于传统的内燃机车增加一套LNG(液化天然气)移动存储和供气系统,该套系统包含液化天然气储存装置、管路传输系统、气化系统、检测及控制系统等。液化天然气从LNG燃料罐车流经软管连接到内燃机车供发动机燃烧,其中通过软管、紧急切断阀、入汽化器阀、过滤器、汽化器、差动式调压阀,并在管路中还设有管路安全阀、阻火器等安全装置。
紧急切断阀:该阀为常开阀电空阀,当管路天然气泄漏时能紧急切断。
入汽化器阀:该阀为截止阀,可以手动进行开关。
过滤器:过滤液化天然气中的杂质。
汽化器:通过发动机的热水与液化天然气进行热交换使天然气气化。
差动式调压阀:根据发动机中稳压箱的压力调节天然气进气压力。使调压后的天然气压力与发动机稳压箱中压力保持一定的压差。
管路安全阀:当管路中的液化天然气超过安全压力时,安全阀开启保证管路中压力不能超过安全值。
阻火器:防止排出的天然气在系统外燃烧回火。
双燃料机车燃气替代率:在双燃料模式下发动机在65%~95%标定功率时,替代率60~70%;35%~65%标定功率时,替代率40%~60%;15%~35%标定功率时,替代率20%~40%。
本项目技术方案的优点和达到的效果
1.经济性:试验表明:标定工况下双燃料发动机在双燃料时燃料消耗约等于燃气0.21Nm3/kW·h+燃油(61.5+5%)g/kW·h,燃油消耗远低于目前柴油机208g/kW·h的水平。因此,双燃料机车经济性更好,如目前柴油机使用柴油,1kW≈1.85元,双燃料机1kW≈1.45元,1kW节约0.4元。
2.环保性:天然气是一种清洁能源,相比纯柴油发动机,双燃料发动机的硫氧化合物降低70%,二氧化碳降低20%,氮氧化物排放降低30%。在燃气替代率为80%时,NOx:降低15~30%,HC:降低20~80%,CO2:降低15~20%,PM:降低20~50%,OPACITY(排气烟度):降低30~50%,SOx:降低50~70%。替代率越高,排放指标越好。同时,噪声污染、烟度、废油水排放、因柴油机排气流量达到2.8kg/s而形成局部范围极高的大气污染也大大降低。
3.节能:内燃机车采用了LNG作为燃料,燃油替代率可达70%,燃油消耗大大下降;同时可用柴油机冷却水的热量作为LNG气化的热源,以大副降低柴油机辅助系统功率消耗。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种双燃料内燃机车,其特征在于,包括:机车(1)和LNG燃料罐车(2),所述机车(1)和LNG燃料罐车(2)相连接并一起运动,所述LNG燃料罐车(2)为机车(1)提供燃料,所述机车(1)具有双燃料发动机(3),所述双燃料发动机(3)通过机车输气管(6)进行燃气输入,所述LNG燃料罐车(2)具有燃气罐(4),所述机车输气管(6)通过软管(5)与燃气罐(4)相连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种双燃料内燃机车,其特征在于:所述机车输气管(6)上设置有汽化器(11),所述机车输气管(6)靠近软管(5)依次设置有紧急切断阀(7)和入汽化器阀(8)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种双燃料内燃机车,其特征在于:所述入汽化器阀(8)的出口端的管路上设置有差动式调压阀(14)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种双燃料内燃机车,其特征在于:所述入汽化器阀(8)的进口端的管路上设置有过滤器(13)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种双燃料内燃机车,其特征在于:所述机车输气管(6)上具有排出管,所述排出管上设置有管路安全阀(10)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种双燃料内燃机车,其特征在于:所述管路安全阀(10)上方设置有阻火器(9)。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种双燃料内燃机车,其特征在于:所述汽化器(11)上设置有冷却水进口(12)。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种双燃料内燃机车,其特征在于:所述双燃料发动机(3)与机车输气管(6)连接处设置有用气接口(15)。
CN201811336735.6A 2018-11-12 2018-11-12 一种双燃料内燃机车 Pending CN109435977A (zh)

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