CN109433570B - Polyhedral spherical transducer and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Polyhedral spherical transducer and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109433570B CN109433570B CN201910011220.7A CN201910011220A CN109433570B CN 109433570 B CN109433570 B CN 109433570B CN 201910011220 A CN201910011220 A CN 201910011220A CN 109433570 B CN109433570 B CN 109433570B
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- metal frame
- piezoelectric ceramic
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- metal gasket
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000462 isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- B06B2201/50—Application to a particular transducer type
- B06B2201/55—Piezoelectric transducer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- B06B2201/70—Specific application
- B06B2201/74—Underwater
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a polyhedral spherical transducer which comprises a metal gasket, piezoelectric ceramic plates, a metal frame, cable head accessories and a sealing layer, wherein the metal gasket is polygonal, the upper surface and the lower surface of the metal gasket are respectively fixed with one piezoelectric ceramic plate, one metal gasket and two piezoelectric ceramic plates form three laminations, a plurality of three laminations are fixedly connected with the metal frame to form a closed sphere-like shape, the cable head accessories are connected to the metal frame, and the sealing layer is wrapped on the outermost layer of the whole device. The transducer has simple structure and lower cost, can make up the defects of the piezoelectric ceramic ball transducer, and realizes omni-directional operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sonar, and particularly relates to a polyhedral spherical transducer and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The underwater acoustic transducer is an important component of sonar, plays a key role in underwater acoustic engineering, and the underwater acoustic transducer technology is an important precondition for the development of sonar technology. There are many kinds of underwater acoustic transducers, and the three-laminated transducer has the advantages of low resonant frequency, simple structure, stable performance and the like, so that the three-laminated transducer is widely applied to the research fields of underwater acoustic technology, ocean development, acoustic logging and the like. Spherical transducers are also a relatively common type of underwater acoustic transducer, and are commonly used as omni-directional transducers.
Piezoelectric ceramic balls are a common spherical transducer, and mainly have the following defects: (1) The resonance frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic ball is mainly inversely proportional to the radial dimension of the piezoelectric ceramic ball, the manufacturing process of the large-size ceramic ball used as low frequency is difficult, and the processes of isostatic pressing, inner and outer circle fine grinding and the like are adopted; (2) The piezoelectric ceramic balls are easy to deform in the sintering process, and a special sintering curve and various auxiliary sintering processes are needed in the sintering process; (3) The piezoelectric ceramic has poor tension resistance, and the large surface tension of the piezoelectric ceramic balls limits the high-power emission characteristic of the piezoelectric ceramic balls when the piezoelectric ceramic balls vibrate.
Therefore, a novel structure needs to be developed to replace the traditional piezoelectric ceramic ball so as to realize the performance characteristics of full directivity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a polyhedral spherical transducer and a manufacturing method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of complex preparation process and poor high-power emission performance of the traditional piezoelectric ceramic ball transducer.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a polyhedral spherical transducer, its characterized in that includes metal gasket, piezoceramics piece, metal frame, cable head accessory and sealing layer, metal gasket is the polygon, and its upper and lower surface is fixed with a piezoceramics piece respectively, and a metal gasket forms three lamination with two piezoceramics pieces, and a plurality of three lamination and metal frame fixed connection form a closed spheroid, and cable head accessory connection is on metal frame, the sealing layer parcel is at the outermost of whole device.
Further, the thickness of the metal gasket is 2-8mm; more preferably, the thickness of the metal gasket is 5mm.
Further, the piezoelectric ceramic plate is a circular ring or a circular disc, and the acoustic performance of the whole structure is different according to the different shapes of the piezoelectric ceramic plate.
Further, the piezoelectric ceramic plate is made of PZT-4 material.
Further, the thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is 2-8mm; more preferably, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet has a thickness of 5mm.
Further, the outer diameter of the piezoelectric ceramic piece is 50-70mm; preferably, the piezoelectric ceramic plate has an outer diameter of 60mm.
Further, the metal gasket is regular polygon; more preferably, the metal gasket is a regular pentagon or a regular hexagon; most preferably, the metal gasket is a regular pentagon, and the metal frame is a regular dodecahedron metal frame; also optional are mixtures of regular pentagonal metal shims with regular hexagonal metal shims, for example 12 regular pentagonal metal shims and 20 regular hexagonal metal shims.
Further, the diameter of the inscribed circle of the regular pentagonal metal gasket is 100-150mm; preferably, the diameter of the inscribed circle of the regular pentagonal metal gasket is 120mm.
Further, the piezoelectric ceramic piece is bonded with the metal gasket through epoxy resin.
Further, the metal frame and the three laminations are fixedly connected through screws or decoupled and fixed through flexible materials.
Further, the metal gasket and the metal frame can be made of metal aluminum, brass and low expansion alloy; more preferably, the metal is aluminum metal.
Further, the sealing layer is polyurethane.
Further, the cable head accessory comprises a cable head, a metal gasket and a fixing nut, wherein the metal gasket is sleeved on the cable head, the cable head is in threaded connection with the fixing nut, and the cable head is fixed on the metal frame.
Further, the fitting of the cable head further comprises a rubber gasket, wherein the rubber gasket is sleeved on the cable head and is positioned on the upper layer of the metal gasket.
Further, the fitting of the cable head is provided with two metal gaskets and two rubber gaskets, and the metal gaskets and the rubber gaskets are overlapped and sleeved on the cable head in a sandwich mode.
A method of making a polyhedral spherical transducer comprising the steps of:
(1) Two piezoelectric ceramic plates are fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of a metal gasket in a parallel connection mode, and a three-lamination is formed by the two piezoelectric ceramic plates and the metal gasket;
(2) Fixing a plurality of three-lamination sheets on a metal frame to form a closed spheroid polyhedron;
(3) Fixing a cable fitting on the metal frame, wherein the cable is connected with the structure through the cable fitting;
(4) And (3) carrying out watertight treatment on the whole structure in an integral pouring mode, and forming a sealing layer on the outer layer of the whole structure.
The above-mentioned preferred conditions may be arbitrarily combined on the basis of common general knowledge in the art, to obtain the embodiment of the present invention.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The polyhedral spherical transducer comprises a metal gasket, piezoelectric ceramic plates, a metal frame, cable head accessories and a sealing layer, wherein one metal gasket and two piezoelectric ceramic plates form three lamination sheets, a plurality of three lamination sheets are fixedly connected with the metal frame to form a closed sphere-like shape, the cable head accessories are connected to the metal frame, and the sealing layer is wrapped on the outermost layer of the whole device. The transducer has the advantages that the manufacturing process of the piezoelectric ceramic plate is simpler than that of the piezoelectric ceramic ball, the piezoelectric ceramic plate and the metal gasket are utilized to form three laminations, and meanwhile, the transducer has the excellent performance of the three laminations, is low in cost and can realize the full-space radiation characteristic of the transducer.
(2) The metal gasket is regular pentagon, the metal frame is regular dodecahedron metal frame, the thickness of the metal gasket is 5mm, the inscribed circle diameter of the metal gasket is 120mm, the inner diameter of the piezoelectric ceramic plate is 15mm, the outer diameter of the piezoelectric ceramic plate is 60mm, and the thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic plate is 5mm. The transducer adopts 24 pieces of piezoelectric ceramics, the diameter of the whole transducer is 292mm, the weight of the whole transducer is about 19kg, and through practical tests, the resonance frequency in water of the transducer under the data parameters is about 4100Hz, and the maximum emission voltage response is about 136.9dB.
(3) The metal frame and the three laminated sheets are fixedly connected through the screws, so that the three laminated sheets can work in a fixed boundary mode under the condition of air backing, and the three laminated sheets can be free boundaries and are decoupled and fixed with the metal frame through flexible materials.
(4) The fitting of the cable head is provided with the two metal gaskets and the two rubber gaskets, and the metal gaskets and the rubber gaskets are overlapped and sleeved on the cable head in an interlayer mode, so that the double functions of fixing and sealing are achieved.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a polyhedral spherical transducer according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cable assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the response of the measured emission voltage in example 1 of the present invention;
wherein, the horizontal axis of the 1-metal gasket, the 2-piezoelectric ceramic plate, the 3-metal frame, the 4-sealing layer, the 5-metal gasket, the 6-rubber gasket, the 7-fixing nut, the 8-cable head, the 9-cable and the 10-cable accessory are shown as the frequency in Hz, the vertical axis of the figure 3 is the response of the transmitting voltage in dB.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below.
Example 1
The utility model provides a polyhedron spherical transducer, including metal gasket, piezoceramics piece, metal frame, cable head accessory and sealing layer, metal gasket is regular pentagon, metal gasket's material is metal aluminium, metal gasket's thickness is 5mm, metal gasket's inscribed circle diameter is 120mm, and its upper and lower surface is fixed with a piezoceramics piece respectively, piezoceramics piece adopts PZT-4 material, piezoceramics piece is the ring shape, piezoceramics piece's internal diameter is 15mm, the external diameter is 60mm, thickness is 5mm, piezoceramics piece and metal gasket bond through epoxy, a metal gasket forms three lamination with two piezoceramics pieces, 24 piezoceramics altogether, the edge evenly distributed of every three lamination is 10M 10's screw, there is corresponding 10M 10's screw on the metal frame, 12 three lamination and metal frame pass through screw fixed connection and form a closed class spherical body, cable head accessory includes cable head, the fixation nut, two metal washers and two rubber washers, metal and rubber overlap and establish on the cable head with the intermediate layer mode with the cable head, the whole seal layer structure is formed at the sealing layer, the whole seal layer structure is fixed to the polyurethane that adopts the screw thread to seal layer. The overall transducer diameter is 292mm, the weight is about 19kg, and through practical tests, the resonance frequency of the transducer under the data parameters in water is about 4100Hz, and the maximum transmitting voltage response is about 136.9dB.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a polyhedron spherical transducer, its characterized in that includes metal gasket, piezoceramics piece, metal frame, cable head accessory and sealing layer, metal gasket is regular pentagon, and its upper and lower surface is fixed with a piezoceramics piece respectively, there is the through-hole in the centre of piezoceramics piece, and a metal gasket forms three lamination with two piezoceramics pieces, and a plurality of three lamination and metal frame fixed connection form a closed spheroid, metal frame is regular dodecahedron metal frame, and the cable head accessory is connected on metal frame, the sealing layer parcel is at the outermost of whole device.
2. The polyhedral spherical transducer of claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic plates are bonded to the metal pads by epoxy.
3. A polyhedral spherical transducer according to claim 1, wherein the metal frame is fixedly attached to the tri-laminate by screws.
4. A polyhedral spherical transducer according to claim 1, wherein the metallic frame is decoupled from the tri-laminate by a flexible material.
5. The polyhedral spherical transducer of claim 1, wherein the metal pad and the metal frame are made of aluminum metal, and the piezoelectric ceramic plate is made of PZT-4 material.
6. A polyhedral spherical transducer according to claim 5, wherein the metal pad has a thickness of 5mm, an inscribed circle diameter of 120mm, an inner diameter of 15mm, an outer diameter of 60mm, and a thickness of 5mm.
7. A polyhedral spherical transducer according to claim 6, wherein the sealing layer is polyurethane.
8. The polyhedral spherical transducer of claim 1, wherein the cable head assembly comprises a cable head, a metal gasket and a retaining nut, the metal gasket is sleeved on the cable head, the cable head is in threaded connection with the retaining nut, and the cable head is secured to the metal frame.
9. A method of making a polyhedral spherical transducer according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising the steps of:
(1) Two piezoelectric ceramic plates are fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of a metal gasket in a parallel connection mode, and a three-lamination is formed by the two piezoelectric ceramic plates and the metal gasket;
(2) Fixing a plurality of three-lamination sheets on a metal frame to form a closed spheroid polyhedron;
(3) Fixing a cable fitting on the metal frame, wherein the cable is connected with the structure through the cable fitting;
(4) And (3) carrying out watertight treatment on the whole structure in an integral pouring mode, and forming a sealing layer on the outer layer of the whole structure.
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| CN201910011220.7A CN109433570B (en) | 2019-01-07 | 2019-01-07 | Polyhedral spherical transducer and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN201910011220.7A CN109433570B (en) | 2019-01-07 | 2019-01-07 | Polyhedral spherical transducer and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN109433570B true CN109433570B (en) | 2023-06-16 |
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| CN110191405B (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2021-01-29 | 北京信息科技大学 | Double-frequency large-size piezoelectric composite material spherical transducer and preparation method thereof |
| CN111885455B (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2022-10-11 | 北京信息科技大学 | High-frequency spherical multi-directional composite material transducer |
| FR3142057A1 (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2024-05-17 | Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives | Method for communicating digital data by ultrasonic waves and associated communication device. |
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