CN109428512A - A kind of real-time monitoring system based on wideband energy harvester - Google Patents
A kind of real-time monitoring system based on wideband energy harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN109428512A CN109428512A CN201710744915.7A CN201710744915A CN109428512A CN 109428512 A CN109428512 A CN 109428512A CN 201710744915 A CN201710744915 A CN 201710744915A CN 109428512 A CN109428512 A CN 109428512A
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- 229910017083 AlN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethyltrisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
- H02N2/188—Vibration harvesters adapted for resonant operation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of real-time monitoring systems based on wideband energy harvester, including wireless sensing node, data converter, GPS satellite, ground communication base station, signal tower and terminal is received, the wireless sensing node is mainly made of wireless sensing module and wideband energy harvester；The wideband energy harvester provides electric energy for the wireless sensing module, and the wireless sensing module wireless telecommunications are connected to the data converter, the data converter then communication connection in the GPS satellite；GPS satellite is by receiving terminal described in the ground communication base station and signal tower communication connection.Collection and supplier of the present invention by using wideband energy harvester as electric energy, can use for a long time after once mounting, overcome battery powered disadvantage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to monitoring technology fields, and in particular to a kind of train or cargo packaging based on wideband energy harvester
Case real-time monitoring system.
Background technique
Wireless sensor is since with flexible arrangement, the complexity that can greatly reduce wiring, the advantage to occupy little space open
Beginning is applied on train or cargo container monitoring system.But existing wireless sensor is generally used battery confession
Electricity needs to be replaced frequently battery, and very big pressure can be all generated to railroad, logistics department and environment.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of real time monitoring system based on wideband energy harvester
System, collection and supplier by using wideband energy harvester as electric energy can use for a long time after once mounting,
Overcome battery powered disadvantage.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of real-time monitoring system based on wideband energy harvester, including wireless sensing node, data converter, GPS satellite,
Ground communication base station, signal tower and reception terminal, the wireless sensing node wireless telecommunications are connected to the data converter, institute
State data converter then communication connection in the GPS satellite；GPS satellite is connected by the ground communication base station and signal tower communication
Wireless sensing node described in the reception terminal is connect mainly to be made of wireless sensing module and wideband energy harvester；The wideband
Energy harvester provides electric energy for the wireless sensing module；The wideband energy harvester includes cantilever beam structure, described outstanding
Arm girder construction is mainly made of cantilever beam, mass block and piezoelectric layer, and the piezoelectric layer successively includes top electrode, piezoelectricity from top to bottom
Material and lower electrode；The piezoelectric layer is set to the surface of the cantilever beam, and the mass block is connected to the cantilever beam；The width
Frequency energy harvester includes at least two cantilever beam structures, is coupled between each cantilever beam structure.
Further, the overarm arm on each suspension beam structure is coupled by crossbeam, and the crossbeam is connected to secondary cantilever
One end of beam；The secondary cantilever beam is equipped with piezoelectric layer, and the other end is connected with another mass block.
As an implementation, the overarm arm on each suspension beam structure is coupled by crossbeam, and the crossbeam also connects
It is connected to one end of secondary cantilever beam；The secondary cantilever beam is equipped with piezoelectric layer, and the other end is connected with another mass block；Often
The cantilever beam of a cantilever beam structure is connected to same mass block, which is also attached to the crossbeam.
As another embodiment, the cantilever beam of one of cantilever design is the frame-like of outer rim structure triangular in shape
The cantilever beam of structure, the structure triangular in shape of another cantilever design is located in its frame-like structure；The outer rim knot triangular in shape
The free end of the cantilever beam of the frame-like structure of structure is connected to a mass block, and the fixing end of the cantilever beam of another triangular structure
Fixing end be connected to the mass block, free end is then connected with another mass block.
As another embodiment, cantilever beam structure triangular in shape, the free end side of being connected to of one of cantilever beam
The mass block of frame shape is connected to the fixing end of the cantilever beam of another triangular structure in the mass block of the block form, should
The free end of cantilever beam is connected with mass block.
As another embodiment, in parallel between each cantilever beam structure, the mass block connection of each cantilever beam structure
In the free end of the cantilever beam and the free end of each cantilever beam is by spring connection, and the coefficient of elasticity ratio of the spring is every
The coefficient of elasticity of a cantilever beam is small, and resonance frequency is different.
As another embodiment, in parallel by spring between each cantilever beam structure, and each cantilever beam structure
Mass block is set to the middle part of cantilever beam, and the both ends of the spring are connected to the cantilever of two coupled cantilever beam structures
The middle part of beam；The piezoelectric layer is covered with the surface of the cantilever beam；The coefficient of elasticity of the spring is less than the bullet of the cantilever beam
Property coefficient.
As another embodiment, all cantilever beam structures form an array, lead between each cantilever beam structure
Lintel connection.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the collection by using wideband energy harvester as electric energy and supplier can make for a long time after once mounting
With overcoming battery powered disadvantage, be especially suitable for the real-time monitoring system of train or cargo container.
2, wideband energy harvester uses the connection type of cantilever beam multistage coupling, and makes the elasticity system between not at the same level
Number is different, to widen the frequency range of energy harvester.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is general structure schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is that schematic diagram is conceived in the overall design of structure of the invention；
Fig. 3 is AA ' sectional view in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the electric energy schematic diagram of the collection of energy output of structure shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5-Figure 14 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1-10；
Figure 15-16 is the simulation result schematic diagram of embodiment 1；
Figure 17-18 is the simulation result schematic diagram of embodiment 3；
Figure 19-20 is the simulation result schematic diagram of embodiment 4；
Figure 21-22 is the simulation result schematic diagram of embodiment 5；
Figure 23-24 is the simulation result schematic diagram of embodiment 8；
Figure 25-26 is the simulation result schematic diagram of embodiment 9；
Figure 27-28 is the simulation result schematic diagram of embodiment 10；
Figure 29 is the circuit diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to attached drawing, the invention will be further described, it should be noted that the present embodiment is with this technology side
Premised on case, the detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this reality
Apply example.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of real-time monitoring system based on wideband energy harvester, including wireless sensing node, data
Converter, GPS satellite, ground communication base station, signal tower and reception terminal, the wireless sensing node wireless telecommunications are connected to institute
State data converter, the data converter then communication connection in the GPS satellite；GPS satellite passes through the ground communication base
It stands and is mainly received by wireless sensing module and wideband energy with wireless sensing node described in reception terminal described in signal tower communication connection
Storage composition；The wideband energy harvester provides electric energy for the wireless sensing module.
As Figure 2-3, the wideband energy harvester, including cantilever beam structure 1, the cantilever beam structure 1 mainly by
Cantilever beam 11, mass block 12 and piezoelectric layer composition, the piezoelectric layer successively include top electrode 13,14 and of piezoelectric material from top to bottom
Lower electrode 15,16 show the fixing end of cantilever beam 11, for cantilever beam structure to be fixed on carrier；The piezoelectric layer is set to
The surface of the cantilever beam 11, the mass block 12 are connected to the cantilever beam 11；The wideband energy harvester includes at least
Two cantilever beam structures 1 are coupled between each cantilever beam structure 1.
As shown in figure 29, the output end (output ends of i.e. all piezoelectric layers) of wideband energy harvester passes through rectifier diode
It connect with the energy input end of wireless sensing module, is energized for wireless sensing module afterwards.Specific connection circuit is as shown in figure 29, U
For wideband energy harvester, D1-D4 is diode, and C is super capacitor, and R is wireless sensing module.D1-D4 forms rectification circuit,
Alternate voltage rectification by the piezoelectric layer output of energy harvester is that DC voltage is super capacitor C charging, while being passed to be wireless
Feel module for power supply, super capacitor can play storage energy herein.
When work, wireless sensing node is made of wireless sensor module and energy collection module, and wireless sensing module is used
In the situation of change (parameter of measurement includes but is not limited to temperature, pressure) or tracking cargo logistics of measurement train brake system
Specific location, wideband energy collection module provides electric energy for the wireless sensing module.Data converter is wireless for receiving
The information of sensing module is simultaneously converted into data and then is uploaded to GPS satellite；GPS satellite passes through ground communication base station and signal
Tower receives terminal with train or cargo container monitoring data and is in communication with each other, and train or cargo container monitoring data receive terminal
It can check and upload data.
It should be noted that the material of cantilever beam, secondary cantilever beam and mass block can be silicon Si, top electrode and lower electrode can
Using aluminium Al, nickel, molybdenum Mo etc., PZT thin film PZT, aluminium nitride film AlN, zinc-oxide film is can be used in piezoelectric material
ZnO, aluminium nitride scandium film ScxAl1-xN, PVDF thin film, PVDF-TrFE film and PDMS film etc..
When wideband energy harvester senses outside energy and mass block vibration is made to get up, mass block drives cantilever beam
Vibration, cantilever beam and then drives piezoelectric material to occur bending and deformation, and piezoelectric material will appear the phenomenon of piezoelectricity, and upper/lower electrode is by piezoelectricity
Material electric charge transfer generated is gone out, to realize energy acquisition function.
Wideband principle: when two cantilever beam as shown in Figure 2 is connected using crossbeam 2, and two beams resonance frequency it is different but
When close, two cantilever beams will generate coupling phenomenon, and side vibration will drive another party's vibration, and this to be coupled in collection of energy defeated
It will appear phenomenon as shown in Figure 4 on electric energy out.In Fig. 4, all there are two wave crests in every curve, and in broader frequency
It can be collected into energy within the scope of rate, realize wideband effect.In addition, the vibration with external environment is more violent, appearance
Wave crest amplitude is bigger, and the energy being collected into is also bigger.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 5, the overarm arm 11 on each suspension beam structure 1 is coupled by crossbeam 2, mass block is connected on free end
12.The crossbeam 2 is connected to one end of secondary cantilever beam 3；Overarm arm 11 is equipped with piezoelectric layer, and composition is as shown in Figure 3.Described time
Grade cantilever beam 3 is equipped with piezoelectric layer, and the other end is connected with another mass block 31.As shown in Figure 5.The secondary cantilever beam
The composition of piezoelectric layer is identical with the piezoelectric layer set-up mode of cantilever design shown in Fig. 3.It in the present embodiment further include having outline border
Frame 101, the fixing end of the cantilever beam of each cantilever design are both secured to the outer framework 101.
As shown in figures 15-16, Figure 15 show the model of embodiment 1 by obtained by emulation to the simulation result of embodiment 1
Deformation map share at two that there are resonance according to showing in Figure 15, respectively in cantilever beam end and beam-ends (such as figure institute
Show).Figure 16 is the simulation result diagram of Figure 15 institute representation model, and the abscissa in figure is frequency, and ordinate is amplitude.It can be with from figure
Find out that there are resonance points at two, and in the frequency separation between resonance point twice, the output electric energy of energy harvester all compares
Greatly, reach wideband purpose.
Embodiment 2
As shown in fig. 6, the overarm arm 11 on each suspension beam structure 1 is coupled by crossbeam 2, being also attached to for the crossbeam 2 is secondary
One end of grade cantilever beam 3；The secondary cantilever beam 3 is equipped with piezoelectric layer, and the other end is connected with another mass block 31；Each
The cantilever beam 11 of cantilever beam structure 1 is connected to same mass block 12, which is also attached to the crossbeam 2.Overarm arm 11
It is equipped with piezoelectric layer, composition is as shown in Figure 3.The set-up mode of the piezoelectric layer of the secondary cantilever beam and cantilever knot shown in Fig. 3
The piezoelectric layer set-up mode of structure is identical.In the present embodiment, the free end of the 2 connecting cantilever beam of crossbeam, and mass block 12
It is superimposed on crossbeam.It in the present embodiment further include having outer framework 101, the fixing end of the cantilever beam of each cantilever design is fixed
In the outer framework 101.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment principle is similar to Example 2, as shown in fig. 7, being essentially to further increase on the basis of embodiment 2
The quantity of cantilever beam 11 and secondary cantilever beam 3 (cantilever beam quantity is four, and secondary cantilever beam quantity is two), cantilever beam 11
Fixing end be connected to frame 101, free end is commonly connected to crossbeam 2, and shares same mass block 12.In the present embodiment
In, the mass block 12 is superimposed on the free end and crossbeam 2 of cantilever beam 11.Overarm arm 11 is equipped with piezoelectric layer, composition such as Fig. 3
It is shown.
Shown in the simulation result diagram 17-18 of embodiment 3, the model that Figure 17 show embodiment 1 is obtained by emulating
Deformation map, Figure 18 for Figure 17 institute representation model simulation result diagram.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, the cantilever beam 11 structure triangular in shape.As shown in figure 8, the cantilever of one of cantilever design
Beam 11 is the frame-like structure of outer rim structure triangular in shape, and the cantilever beam 11 of the structure triangular in shape of another cantilever design is located at it
In frame-like structure；The free end of the cantilever beam 11 of the frame-like structure of the outer rim structure triangular in shape is connected to a mass block
12, and the fixing end of the fixing end of the cantilever beam 11 of another triangular structure is connected to the mass block 12, free end is then connected with
Another mass block 12.The fixing end of cantilever beam 11 is connected to outer framework 101.Overarm arm 11 is equipped with piezoelectric layer, forms such as Fig. 3 institute
Show.
For the simulation result diagram of embodiment 4 as shown in 19-20, Figure 19 show the model of embodiment 1 by obtained by emulation
Deformation map, Figure 20 for Figure 19 institute representation model simulation result diagram.
Embodiment 5
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 9, the structure triangular in shape of cantilever beam 11.The free end of cantilever beam 11 is connected to square frame-shaped
The mass block 12 of shape, is connected to the fixing end of the cantilever beam 11 of triangular structure in the mass block 12, the cantilever beam 11 from
Mass block 12 is connected with by end.The mass block 12 is equivalent to crossbeam and has coupled two cantilever beams 11.Positioned at the matter of block form
The fixing end of cantilever beam 11 outside gauge block 12 is connected to outer framework 101.Overarm arm 11 is equipped with piezoelectric layer, and composition is as shown in Figure 3.
As shown in fig. 21-22, Figure 21 show the model of embodiment 1 by obtained by emulation to the simulation result of embodiment 5
Deformation map, Figure 22 for Figure 21 institute representation model simulation result diagram.
Embodiment 4 and the structure of implementation 5 belong to cantilever beam tandem connection type, and two cantilever beams are not directly connected, and second
Grade cantilever beam is fixed on first order mass block (resistance cascade in similar circuit), and has piezoelectricity function on each cantilever beam
Vibrational energy is switched to electric energy by energy thin-film material.
Embodiment 6
As shown in Figure 10, in parallel between each cantilever beam structure 11, the mass block 12 of each cantilever beam structure 11 is connected to described
The free end of cantilever beam 11 and the free end of each cantilever beam 11 pass through spring 5 and connect, it is contemplated that two cantilever beams must elasticity
Connection, which is just able to achieve, opens up yupin effect, and the coefficient of elasticity of the spring must be smaller than the coefficient of elasticity of each cantilever beam.Pass through control
Cantilever beam improve quality block size it is different so that the natural resonance frequency of two cantilever beams is different.Piezoelectric layer 4 is set to cantilever beam
11 surface, composition are as shown in Figure 3.The fixing end of cantilever beam 11 is connected to outer framework 101.Further, 5 shape of spring
For S-shaped bending.
Embodiment 7
The structure of the present embodiment and the structure of embodiment 6 are essentially identical, but 5 shape of the spring is rectangle frame rack-like, is such as schemed
Shown in 11.
Embodiment 8
As shown in figure 12, in parallel by spring 5 between each cantilever beam structure, and the mass block 12 of each cantilever beam structure is all provided with
In the middle part of cantilever beam 11, the both ends of the spring 5 are connected to the cantilever beam 11 of two coupled cantilever beam structures
Middle part；The piezoelectric layer 4 is covered with the surface of the cantilever beam (composition is as shown in Figure 3)；The coefficient of elasticity of the spring 5 is less than institute
State the coefficient of elasticity of cantilever beam 11.The fixing end of cantilever beam 11 is connected to outer framework 101.Further, the spring is that S-shaped is curved
Curved or rectangle frame rack-like (being S-shaped bending in the present embodiment).
Shown in the simulation result diagram 23-24 of embodiment 8, the model that Figure 23 show embodiment 1 is obtained by emulating
Deformation map, Figure 24 for Figure 23 institute representation model simulation result diagram.
Embodiment 9
The present embodiment and the structure of embodiment 8 are essentially identical, and difference essentially consists in there are three cantilever beam structures in parallel, such as Figure 13
It is shown.
Shown in the simulation result diagram 25-26 of embodiment 9, the model that Figure 25 show embodiment 1 is obtained by emulating
Deformation map, Figure 25 for Figure 26 institute representation model simulation result diagram.
Embodiment 10
All cantilever beam structures 1 form an array, are connected between each cantilever beam structure 1 by beam 6.As shown in figure 14.
Shown in the simulation result diagram 27-28 of embodiment 10, the model that Figure 27 show embodiment 1 is obtained by emulating
Deformation map, Figure 27 for Figure 28 institute representation model simulation result diagram.
For those skilled in the art, it can be made various corresponding according to above technical solution and design
Change and modification, and all these change and modification should be construed as being included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of real-time monitoring system based on wideband energy harvester, which is characterized in that turn including wireless sensing node, data
Parallel operation, GPS satellite, ground communication base station, signal tower and reception terminal, the wireless sensing node wireless telecommunications are connected to described
Data converter, the data converter then communication connection in the GPS satellite；GPS satellite passes through the ground communication base station
Terminal is received with described in signal tower communication connection；The wireless sensing node is mainly by wireless sensing module and wideband collection of energy
Device composition；The wideband energy harvester provides electric energy for the wireless sensing module；The wideband energy harvester includes outstanding
Arm girder construction, the cantilever beam structure are mainly made of cantilever beam, mass block and piezoelectric layer, and the piezoelectric layer is from top to bottom successively
Including top electrode, piezoelectric material and lower electrode；The piezoelectric layer is set to the surface of the cantilever beam, and the mass block is connected to institute
State cantilever beam；The wideband energy harvester includes at least two cantilever beam structures, is coupled between each cantilever beam structure.
2. the real-time monitoring system according to claim 1 based on wideband energy harvester, which is characterized in that each overarm
Overarm arm in structure is coupled by crossbeam, and the crossbeam is connected to one end of secondary cantilever beam；On the secondary cantilever beam
Equipped with piezoelectric layer, and the other end is connected with another mass block.
3. the real-time monitoring system according to claim 1 based on wideband energy harvester, which is characterized in that each overarm
Overarm arm in structure is coupled by crossbeam, one end for being also attached to secondary cantilever beam of the crossbeam；The secondary cantilever
Beam is equipped with piezoelectric layer, and the other end is connected with another mass block；The cantilever beam of each cantilever beam structure is connected to same matter
Gauge block, the mass block are also attached to the crossbeam.
4. the real-time monitoring system according to claim 1 based on wideband energy harvester, which is characterized in that one of them
The cantilever beam of cantilever design is the frame-like structure of outer rim structure triangular in shape, and the structure triangular in shape of another cantilever design is hanged
Arm beam is located in its frame-like structure；The free end of the cantilever beam of the frame-like structure of the outer rim structure triangular in shape is connected to
One mass block, and the fixing end of the fixing end of the cantilever beam of another triangular structure is connected to the mass block, free end then connects
There is another mass block.
5. the real-time monitoring system according to claim 1 based on wideband energy harvester, which is characterized in that cantilever beam is in
Triangular structure, the free end of one of cantilever beam are connected to the mass block of block form, the mass block of the block form
It is inside connected to the fixing end of the cantilever beam of another triangular structure, the free end of the cantilever beam is connected with mass block.
6. the real-time monitoring system according to claim 1 based on wideband energy harvester, which is characterized in that each cantilever
In parallel between girder construction, the mass block of each cantilever beam structure is connected to the free end of the cantilever beam and each cantilever beam
Free end is connected by spring, and the coefficient of elasticity of the spring is smaller than the coefficient of elasticity of each cantilever beam, and resonance frequency is different.
7. the real-time monitoring system according to claim 1 based on wideband energy harvester, which is characterized in that each cantilever
By spring parallel connection between girder construction, and the mass block of each cantilever beam structure is set to the middle part of cantilever beam, the spring
Both ends are connected to the middle part of the cantilever beam of two coupled cantilever beam structures；The piezoelectric layer is covered with the cantilever beam
Surface；The coefficient of elasticity of the spring is less than the coefficient of elasticity of the cantilever beam.
8. the real-time monitoring system according to claim 1 based on wideband energy harvester, which is characterized in that all is outstanding
Arm girder construction forms an array, is connected between each cantilever beam structure by beam.
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| CN102411149A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2012-04-11 | 上海科斗电子科技有限公司 | Sensor convenient for tracking and localization |
| CN102074981A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2011-05-25 | 武汉理工大学 | Photovoltaic-vibrational energy based power supply system for wireless sensor network nodes |
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