CN102074981A - Photovoltaic-vibrational energy based power supply system for wireless sensor network nodes - Google Patents
Photovoltaic-vibrational energy based power supply system for wireless sensor network nodes Download PDFInfo
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
The invention provides a photovoltaic-vibrational energy based power supply system for wireless sensor network nodes. The system mainly comprises a piezoelectric vibration generating system, a photovoltaic generating system, a control switch and a power supply monitoring and managing device, wherein a piezoelectric ceramic self-generating unit generates alternating current energy by being vibrated or extruded by the external environment; after being converted by a piezoelectric energy conversion device, the alternating current energy is stored by an energy storage device of the piezoelectric vibration generating system; a solar cell pack of the photovoltaic generating system converts the solar energy into a direct current signal; after being converted by a solar conversion device, the signal is stored by an energy storage device of the photovoltaic generating system; and finally, the power supply monitoring and managing device and the control switch are used for controlling and dominating output of the electric energy in the energy storage device. The system not only effectively solves the problems of energy power supply and management of the wireless sensor network nodes, but also improves the working reliability of the wireless sensor network nodes and meanwhile is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to supply unit, be specifically related to a kind of wireless sensor network node powersupply system based on photovoltaic-vibrational energy.
Background technology
Along with the development of wireless network sensor technology, its application in fields such as industry, commerce, medical science, consumption and military affairs is progressively goed deep into, and power issue becomes the key that wireless network sensor prolongs application life and reduces cost always.Modal at present, also be that the wireless sensor network node supply power mode of the easiest realization still adopts powered battery.Because the life-span of common batteries is limited,, need regularly to change in large quantities battery in order to guarantee the radio sensing network node operate as normal.So not only workload is big, the cost height, it is also very serious that abominable or other human occasions that can't arrive or network node move when changing waste at environment, the replacing of battery become very difficulty even may, thereby the designer faced is how effectively to provide energy for wireless network sensor.
The method that receives people's concern now is to adopt the method for collection of energy to the environmental energy collection, and energy is stored to offer wireless network sensor.The collection of energy is available in the environment methods such as solar energy, mechanical oscillation, variations in temperature, electromagnetic field, chemical energy, wind, heat.
Solar energy is the abundantest regenerative resource of resource, and it is widely distributed, and is renewable, free from environmental pollution, is present internationally recognized desirable alternative energy source.In long-term energy strategy, solar energy power generating will become the foundation stone of the human society energy, the pith of world energy sources stage.It has prior status in many regenerative resources such as solar energy thermal-power-generating, wind power generation, ocean power generation, biomass power generation.Many in the world countries have all strengthened the research to solar photovoltaic technology now, and have formulated the development that relevant policy is encouraged solar energy industry.In recent years, the annual average rate of increase of world's solar module was 33%, and photovoltaic industry has become current development one of new high-tech industry the most rapidly.
Though it is extremely huge that solar energy is invested the energy of the earth, also exists very big difficulty when utilizing.For example, most in the world regional solar energy of accepting in the hours of daylight all are lower than 1KW/m
2, energy density is low, collects to utilize to be not easy; In addition, there is branch round the clock on ground, and available sunlight is not had a continuity; Climatic influences also may make illumination interrupt, and the energy is produced be in stochastic regime, and are very unfavorable to the solar energy utilization.
Relying on mechanical oscillation is the method that a kind of people rather are familiar with as the energy.Because piezoelectric self electric energy device is with respect to other miniature power generating devices, have simple in structure, do not generate heat, advantage such as no electromagnetic interference, therefore the piezoelectric self electric installation is widely used in different field, thereby make it become focus in the self-power supply system research field, vast potential for future development is arranged in actual applications.The application development of piezoelectric makes it become the directly effective element of collecting vibrational energy.The piezoelectric self electric installation is to utilize the piezoelectric distortion that is under pressure to produce the characteristic of electric charge, convert kinetic energy to voltage after, carry out the amplitude adjustment and send into storage circuit through collecting.The collection of energy method of ambient vibration provides a kind of permanent energy for the low transducer of consumes power.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: at present, the useful life of wireless sensor network node supplying cell is short and change difficult, in order to improve the supply power mode of wireless sensor network node, solve the power source dynamic management problem that the generating of solar energy and vibrational energy combines, a kind of wireless sensor network node power-supply system based on photovoltaic-vibrational energy is provided.
The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts following technical scheme: based on the wireless sensor network node power-supply system of photovoltaic-vibrational energy, it mainly is made up of piezoelectric vibration power generation system, photovoltaic generating system, control switch, power supply monitoring and management devices, wherein the vibration of the piezoelectric ceramic self power generation unit by using external environment of piezoelectric vibration power generation system or extruding produce AC energy, this AC energy is after the conversion of piezoelectric type energy conversion device, and the energy accumulating device by the piezoelectric vibration power generation system stores; The solar battery group of photovoltaic generating system becomes dc signal with solar energy converting, and this signal is after the device for converting solar energy conversion, by the energy accumulating device storage of photovoltaic generating system; At last, control and arrange electric energy output in the energy accumulating device, realize giving the continued power of wireless sensor network node by power supply monitoring and management devices and control switch.
The present invention organically combines collection of energy technology, store energy technology and power management techniques, and is designed to the technical scheme of power conversion, store energy and energy management, therefore, compared with prior art mainly contains following advantage:
One. set up the clean energy resource of sustainable use: owing to adopted the technical scheme that photovoltaic (solar energy in the environment) and piezoelectric vibration can be combined, think that the sustainable utilization clean energy resource opened up an effective passage.
They are two years old. and solved the problem of energy shortage: owing to set up the clean energy resource of sustainable use, the requirement that makes wireless sensor network node need stablize continued power is met, thereby can guarantee that whole wireless sensor network system normally moves.
They are three years old. convenient management: owing to set up the clean energy resource of sustainable use, wireless sensor network node energy power supply management problem is become simply, easily operation.
They are four years old. improved the reliability of wireless sensor network node work.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of general structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a piezoelectric self electric unit collection of energy memory structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that piezoelectric self electric unit collection of energy stores the typical circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is that solar energy is collected the memory structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is that solar energy is collected the storage circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is power supply monitoring and management devices structure principle chart.
Fig. 7 is based on the electric power system circuit theory diagrams of photovoltaic-vibrational energy.
Fig. 8 is the wireless sensor network node structure principle chart.
Fig. 9 is based on the single-chip minimum system circuit theory diagrams of the electric power system of photovoltaic-vibrational energy.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the wireless sensor network node power-supply system based on photovoltaic-vibrational energy provided by the invention mainly is made up of photovoltaic generating system, piezoelectric vibration power generation system and power supply monitoring and management devices.Wherein, the AC energy that the piezoelectric ceramic self power generation unit of piezoelectric vibration power generation system produces is passed to its electricity energy harvester, i.e. the piezoelectric type energy conversion device; The dc signal that the solar battery group of photovoltaic generating system produces is passed to its electricity energy harvester, i.e. device for converting solar energy.The piezoelectric type energy accumulating device of the solar energy storage device of photovoltaic generating system and piezoelectric vibration power generation system, they link to each other with the output of electricity energy harvester by lead.The output of piezoelectric type energy accumulating device and solar energy storage device is linked to each other with the power supply end of each module in the wireless sensor network node through a CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS)) switch S 1, S2 respectively by lead.Two kinds of energy accumulating devices and monitor in real time by power supply monitoring and management devices, power supply monitoring and management devices are also controlled switch S1, S2.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 2, piezoelectric vibration provided by the invention can system, and its structure mainly is made up of piezoelectric ceramic self power generation unit, piezoelectric type energy conversion device, piezoelectric type energy accumulating device and control switch (cmos switch S1), and they are continuous by lead successively.
Described piezoelectric ceramic self power generation unit (being called for short the piezoelectric self electric unit) is to utilize direct piezoelectric effect to make the mechanical energy in the environment be converted to electric energy, promptly can produce the signal of telecommunication of alternation under the mechanical oscillation of external environment or extrusion, the stable output of this signal of telecommunication after the conversion of piezoelectric type energy energy conversion device is stored by the piezoelectric type energy accumulating device.
The piezoelectric self electric unit can adopt piezoceramic material.The selection of piezoelectric ceramic should have the good performance (even mechanical energy is converted to electric energy) of accepting.During design piezoelectric self electric unit, piezoelectric ceramic should have that electromechanical coupling factor K is big, mechanical quality factor Qm greater than 500, relative dielectric constant ε less than 1500, little, the piezoelectric voltage constant g height of piezoelectric strain constant d, temperature T c characteristic such as operating temperature range outside, for example can adopt model is the serial piezoelectric ceramic of PZT-5.During concrete enforcement, the connection in series-parallel of piezoelectric self electric unit can be selected according to load request.
As shown in Figure 3, the employing of piezoelectric type energy conversion device is the element circuit of core with piezoelectric type collection of energy module LTC3588-1.Two ports of piezoelectric self electric unit link to each other with pin PZ1, the PZ2 of piezoelectric type collection of energy module master chip LTC3588-1 (representing with U1 among the figure) respectively.The pin VIN of chip U1 is connected to capacitor C 6, pin CAP is connected to pin VIN by capacitor C 5, pin VIN2, DI, DO are connected to capacitor C 4, pin SW is connected to output VDD by inductance L 1, pin VOUT is connected to the input of VDD, the input of VDD also is connected to capacitor C 3, and the output of VDD is connected to the positive pole of polarity super capacitor C1, the equal ground connection of the other end of capacitor C 6, C4, C3, C1.When DI is a high level, when DO is low level, the voltage of chip U1 output 3.3V; When DI, DO are high level, the voltage of chip U1 output 3.6V.Output voltage among Fig. 3 is 3.6V.This moment, super capacitor C1 charging was given in the output of chip U1 earlier, offered the wireless sensor network node power supply at last again.Output VDD also joins with switch S 1.
It is the electronic switch of TS5A3357 that described cmos switch S1 (being called for short switch S 1) can adopt model.It is little that this switch has conducting resistance, characteristics such as low-power consumption.
As shown in Figure 4, photovoltaic provided by the invention (solar energy in the environment) system, its structure mainly is made up of solar battery group, energy conversion device, solar energy storage device and control switch (cmos switch S2), and they are linked to each other by lead successively.Solar battery group becomes electric energy (the electric energy form is a dc signal) with solar energy converting, because this electric energy instability, need to be converted to stable direct current output through device for converting solar energy, this output is stored by solar energy storage device, powers to wireless sensor network node again.
As shown in Figure 5, the device for converting solar energy employing is the element circuit of core with one chip voltage-dropping type battery charging module LT3652.During concrete enforcement, solar battery group can be carried out connection in series-parallel according to load request.Input port VIN, pin VIN-REG, the SHDN of the anodal VIN of solar battery group output and device for converting solar energy master chip LT3652 (representing with U2 among the figure) join.VIN also joins by the pin TIMER of capacitor C 9 with U2, and ground connection.The pin SW of chip U2 is by voltage stabilizing didoe D1 (SW is connected to the negative electrode of D1) ground connection, and SW also is connected to capacitor C 8 and inductance L 1.The other end of capacitor C 8 is connected to the pin BOOST of U2, and the other end of inductance L 1 is connected to pin SENSE.The pin BOOST of U2 also is connected to pin BAT by voltage stabilizing didoe D2 (BOOST is connected to the negative electrode of D2), and pin SENSE also is connected to output VDC by inductance L 2.The pin BAT of U2 goes up also and is connected to resistance R 2, the R3 of polyphone mutually, capacitor C 7, and the positive pole of super polar capacitor C2, the equal ground connection of the other end of resistance R 3, capacitor C 7 and polar capacitor.Also be connected to the pin VFB of U2 between resistance R 2, the R3 by resistance R 1.The positive pole of super capacitor C2 also joins with output VDC.The output voltage of U2 can set up on their own according to demand, and 3.6V is an example with output, and then the resistance of resistance R 1, R2, R3 can be respectively 30K Ω, 330K Ω and 223K Ω according to formula.This moment, the super capacitor C2 that exports to of U2 charged, and offered the wireless sensor network node power supply at last again.Output VDC also joins with switch S 1.
Described solar battery group can adopt crystal silicon cell, and it utilizes the principle of solar energy power generating, under continuous light, can produce certain voltage and current, thereby realizes opto-electronic conversion.The crystal silicon cell development is morning, and technology is also day by day ripe, and present solar cell more than 85% is made with silicon chip.Its main feature is that conversion efficiency is 15%～17%, and output is big.Silicon chip is mainly to produce polysilicon.A unit of solar cell is a PN junction, and the open circuit voltage of monolithic battery is between 0.45～0.06V, and voltage is 0.5V generally speaking, and multivoltage is high more more for the sheet number of battery series connection.The electric current of monolithic battery depends on the actual light-receiving area of single PN junction, and its short circuit current is generally 15～30mA/cm
2, electric current is big more more at most for area sheet number big or in parallel more.Crystal silicon cell not only produces new forms of energy, and its long service life can reach 25～30 years simultaneously.
Energy conversion device of the present invention, no matter be the device for converting solar energy of photovoltaic generating system or the piezoelectric type energy conversion device of piezoelectric vibration power generation system, all the electric energy of electric energy that the piezoelectric self electric unit can be produced under the effect of external environment and solar battery group collection is converted to stable direct current output through overregulating.Energy conversion device can convert the environment in the external world to the required electric energy of stable load; According to the difference of environmental energy, when environmental energy was the piezoelectric vibration energy, selecting model for use was the chip of LTC3588-1; When environmental energy was solar energy, selecting model for use was the chip of LT3652.LTC3588-1 and LT3652 produce by U.S. Linear Technology company.
The inner integrated low-loss of LTC3588-1, full wave bridge rectifier and an efficient voltage reducing type transducer, to collect the vibrational energy in the environment by piezoelectric transducer, then this power conversion being become the output of well-tuned, can well be microcontroller, transducer, data converter and wireless transmission assembly power supply.In addition, LTC3588-1 can work in the input voltage range of 2.7V to 20V, and its inner, high efficiency voltage-dropping type DC/DC (DC-to-DC) transducer can provide continuous output current or even the higher pulse current of load up to 100mA.Its output can be set at 4 kinds of different voltage outputs, is respectively 1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V and 3.6V, can be radio transmitters, transducer and microprocessor sufficient electric energy is provided.And (non-loaded) quiescent current only is 950nA when output is in stable state, thereby has improved overall efficiency to greatest extent.
LT3652 is a complete one chip, voltage-dropping type battery charger, can operate in the input voltage range of 4.95V to 32V.LT3652 provides a kind of constant current/constant-potential charge characteristic, and maximum charging current can externally be arranged to up to 2A.Therefore this charger has adopted a 3.3V floating voltage feedback reference, can use a resitstance voltage divider to be provided with any desired and up to the battery floating voltage of 14.4V.LT3652 has used an input voltage regulation loop, if input voltage is reduced to below the program level (being set by a resitstance voltage divider), then this input voltage regulation loop will reduce charging current.When LT3652 is powered by a solar panel, the input regulating loop will be used for solar panel is remained on maximum output.
No matter energy accumulating device of the present invention is the solar energy storage device of photovoltaic generating system or the piezoelectric type energy accumulating device of piezoelectric vibration power generation system, all can adopt super capacitor.Super capacitor has its special advantages, mainly shows as: volume is little, and capacity is big, and capacitance is than big 30～40 times with volume electrochemical capacitor capacity; Charging rate is fast, reaches 95% of rated capacity in 10 seconds; Charging and discharging capabilities is strong; Lost efficacy and open a way, overvoltage does not puncture, and is safe and reliable; Extra long life was more than 400,000 hours; It is simple to discharge and recharge circuit, need not the such charging circuit of rechargeable battery, really non-maintaining; Its voltage range is 2.7V to 12.0V, and range of capacity is 0.1F to 1000F.The super capacitor parameter can be selected according to piezo-electric generating unit generating capacity size.
In the solar energy storage device of described photovoltaic generating system, the technical parameter of the super capacitor C1 that it adopts can be: voltage range is 2.7V to 12.0V, and range of capacity is 0.1F to 1000F.
In the piezoelectric type energy accumulating device of described piezoelectric vibration power generation system, the super capacitor C2 that it adopts technical parameter can be: voltage range is 2.7V to 12.0V, and range of capacity is 0.1F to 1000F.
It is the electronic switch of TS5A3357 that described cmos switch S2 (being called for short switch S 2) can adopt model.It is little that this switch has conducting resistance, characteristics such as low-power consumption.
Power supply monitoring and management devices that the present invention adopts are cores of the present invention, comprise microprocessor control unit and microprocessor voltage monitoring unit.
The model that the microprocessor voltage monitoring unit can adopt U.S. MAXIM company to produce is the microprocessor voltage monitoring chip of ICL7665 (representing with U6 among Fig. 6), this chip can well be monitored energy accumulating device, comprises charge/discharge state, voltage, temperature, the isoparametric monitoring of dump energy.This chip is a kind of low-power consumption chip that the voltage at super capacitor two ends is monitored in real time, and the operating voltage grade is 1.6V～16V, and there are two comparators its inside.The chip monitoring result is gathered and is handled by the little processing and control element (PCE) MSP430F12X2 (U3 among Fig. 9) in power supply monitoring and the management devices.
The peripheral circuit of described microprocessor voltage monitoring chip U6 as shown in Figure 6, pin SET1 is by resistance R 8 ground connection, and is connected to piezoelectricity output VDD by resistance R 7; Pin SET2 passes through resistance R 10 ground connection, and is connected to solar energy output VDC by resistance R 9; Pin GND is ground connection then.The selection of resistance R 7, R8, R9, R10 is by the upper limit threshold voltage VH at super capacitor two ends and lower threshold voltage VL decision, and the order of magnitude of as far as possible getting kilo-ohm, so that the power of its loss is less.VH and VL can set up on their own according to the loaded work piece situation.When the voltage of the pin SET1 of U6 greater than 1.3V, pin SET2 less than 1.3V the time, pin OUT1 and OUT2 all are output as high level; When the voltage of pin SET1 greater than 1.3V, pin SET2 greater than 1.3V the time, OUT1 is output as high level, OUT2 is output as low level; When the voltage of pin SET1 less than 1.3V, the voltage of pin SET2 is during less than 1.3V, OUT1 is output as low level, OUT2 is output as high level; When the voltage of pin SET1 less than 1.3V, pin SET2 greater than 1.3V the time, OUT1 and OUT2 all are output as low level.Two input port P2.1, the P2.2 of pin OUT1, OUT2 and little processing and control element (PCE) U3 link to each other.The pin HYST1 of chip U6 and HYST2 are idle end, and pin V+ is connected to solar energy output VDC (positive pole of super polar capacitor C2 among Fig. 5).
As shown in Figure 9, the pin VCC among the chip U3 links to each other with solar energy output VDC among Fig. 5, polar capacitor C13, capacitor C 12 ground connection that pin VCC also passes through and connects.The pin VSS ground connection of U3, the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1 are connected to pin XOUT and XIN respectively, and pin XOUT and XIN are respectively by capacitor C 10, C11 ground connection then.The pin RST of U3 is connected to the positive pole of diode D1 and a terminal of switch S 1 by resistance R 11, and the negative pole of diode D1 is connected to external power supply VCC, another terminal ground connection of switch S 1, and be connected to external power supply VCC by capacitor C 17, resistance R 6.
Wireless sensor network node provided by the invention, its structure as shown in Figure 7, be made up of the transducer, A/D (mould-number) converting unit, microprocessor control unit and RF (radio frequency) Transmit-Receive Unit that link to each other successively, they link to each other with power-supply system of the present invention with switch S 1, S2 by lead.A/D converting unit, microprocessor control unit intercom mutually.The energy that required power supply is collected from external environment from the present invention.During concrete enforcement, environmental sensor is selected temperature sensor TMP20 (U7) for use, and little processing and control element (PCE) is selected MSP430F (U8) series of low-power consumption for use, and the RF Transmit-Receive Unit adopts CC2420 (U9).
Little processing and control element (PCE) U8 can adopt MSP430F series (for example MSP430F12X2) single-chip microcomputer of low-power consumption, and the MSP430F series monolithic has low-power consumption, and disposal ability is powerful, aboundresources on the sheet, the convenient advantage efficiently of development scheme.The MSP430F series monolithic can be according to the data of gathering, and selecting energy accumulating device and control corresponding switch is the wireless sensor network node power supply, has really realized two kinds of supply power modes that the energy combines.
As shown in Figure 8, during concrete enforcement, the pin VOUT of temperature sensor U7 is connected with the pin P6.3 of little processing and control element (PCE) U8, its function mainly is to gather the temperature data of surrounding environment, then temperature data is carried out A/D conversion and processing by little processing and control element (PCE) U8, the signal of processing sends to adjacent node by RF Transmit-Receive Unit U9 and antenna Antenna.Wherein, output P4.0～P4.7 of U8 is connected to pin CSN, SCLK, SO, SI, SFD, CCA, FIFO and the FIFOP of U9 respectively.The pin RF-R of U9 is connected to antenna by capacitor C 18 and C21, pin TXRX is by capacitor C 19 ground connection, also be connected to inductance L 3, L4 between pin RF-R and the TXRX, also be connected to pin RF-N between capacitor C 18, the C21 by inductance L 5, pin RF-N also joins with pin TXRX, and by capacitor C 20 ground connection.The power input of chip U7, U8, U9 then is connected to VDC (Fig. 5) and VDD (Fig. 3) by switch S 1, S2.
Wireless sensor network node power-supply system based on photovoltaic-vibrational energy provided by the invention, its course of work is as follows:
As Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9, the piezoelectric self electric unit changes into AC energy with mechanical energy, and the alternating current of its output becomes the galvanic current pressure through piezoelectric type collection of energy module U1 and is stored among the super capacitor C1; Solar battery group utilizes the photovoltaic principle that the solar energy converting in the environment is become dc signal, and this dc signal forms the galvanic current pressure and is stored among the super capacitor C2 after one chip voltage-dropping type battery charging module U2 conversion; By the microprocessor voltage monitoring chip U6 in power supply monitoring and the management devices super capacitor C1 and C2 are monitored in real time at last, monitoring parameter is through microprocessor control unit collection and processing, according to monitoring result, select the control corresponding switch, realize reliable power supply wireless sensor network node.
As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 9, before operate as normal, switch S 1 disconnects, and switch S 2 disconnects, and super capacitor C1 and C2 all charge normal.At this moment, microprocessor voltage monitoring chip U6 monitors the supply power voltage VDD of C1 and the supply power voltage VDC of C2, and two output pins of U6 are connected with the P2.2 mouth with the P2.1 mouth of MSP430F12X2 (U3); 4 input control signal ports of switch S 1, S2 are connected with 4 I/O port P3.2, P3.3, P3.4, the P3.5 of single-chip microcomputer U3.When system enters operating state, switch S 1 closure, switch S 2 disconnects, and system is by super capacitor C1 power supply, and super capacitor C2 is in charged state.Single-chip microcomputer is gathered the dateout of U6 chip, when the voltage VDD that monitors the C1 two ends as microprocessor voltage monitoring chip U6 was lower than lower threshold VL, system transferred switch S 1 to and disconnects switch S 2 closures, system is by super capacitor C2 power supply, and super capacitor C1 is in charged state; The voltage VDC that monitors the C2 two ends as microprocessor voltage monitoring chip U6 is lower than lower threshold VL, and single-chip microcomputer control switch S1 is again connected, and S2 disconnects, and is powered to wireless sensor network node by C1, and C2 continues charging; This course of work circulates successively.In case ICL7655 (U6) chip monitors the voltage VDD of super capacitor C1, C2 and VDC when being lower than lower threshold simultaneously, S1, S2 all disconnect, and wireless sensor network node will quit work, and C1 and C2 still continue charging.
Claims (10)
1. based on the wireless sensor network node power-supply system of photovoltaic-vibrational energy, it is characterized in that: this system mainly is made up of piezoelectric vibration power generation system, photovoltaic generating system, control switch, power supply monitoring and management devices, wherein the vibration of the piezoelectric ceramic self power generation unit by using external environment of piezoelectric vibration power generation system or extruding produce AC energy, this AC energy is after the conversion of piezoelectric type energy conversion device, and the energy accumulating device by the piezoelectric vibration power generation system stores; The solar battery group of photovoltaic generating system becomes dc signal with solar energy converting, and this signal is after the device for converting solar energy conversion, by the energy accumulating device storage of photovoltaic generating system; At last, control and arrange electric energy output in the energy accumulating device, realize giving the continued power of wireless sensor network node by power supply monitoring and management devices and control switch.
2. power-supply system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the piezoelectric vibration power generation system mainly is made up of piezoelectric ceramic self power generation unit, piezoelectric type energy conversion device, piezoelectric type energy accumulating device and control switch S1, and they are linked to each other by lead successively; Control switch S1 adopts cmos switch.
3. power-supply system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: it is the piezoelectric ceramic of PZT-5 series that piezoelectric ceramic self power generation unit adopts model.
4. power-supply system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: it is the element circuit of core that the piezoelectric type energy conversion device adopts with piezoelectric type collection of energy module LTC3588-1.
5. power-supply system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the piezoelectric type energy accumulating device adopts super capacitor C1, and its technological parameter is: voltage range is 2.7V to 12.0V, and range of capacity is 0.1F to 1000F.
6. power-supply system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: photovoltaic generating system is made up of solar battery group, device for converting solar energy, solar energy storage device and control switch S2, and they are linked to each other by lead successively; Control switch S2 adopts cmos switch.
7. power-supply system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: solar battery group adopts crystal silicon cell.
8. power-supply system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: it is the element circuit of core that device for converting solar energy adopts with one chip voltage-dropping type battery charging module LT3652.
9. power-supply system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: solar energy storage device adopts super capacitor C2, and its technological parameter is: voltage range is 2.7V to 12.0V, and range of capacity is 0.1F to 1000F.
10. power-supply system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it is the element circuit of core that power supply monitoring and management devices adopt with microprocessor voltage monitoring chip IC L7665 and MSP430F12X2.
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| CN111817369A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-10-23 | 北京交通大学 | Vibration energy collection and management system and method for rail transit vehicle |
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| CN113054731A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-06-29 | 南京航空航天大学 | Machining equipment cutting flutter energy acquisition circuit for intelligent Internet of things manufacturing system |
| CN113489374A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-08 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Lead vibration sensor and multi-source micro-energy power supply device thereof |
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