CN109424421A - 预燃室布置 - Google Patents

预燃室布置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109424421A
CN109424421A CN201811024687.7A CN201811024687A CN109424421A CN 109424421 A CN109424421 A CN 109424421A CN 201811024687 A CN201811024687 A CN 201811024687A CN 109424421 A CN109424421 A CN 109424421A
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China
Prior art keywords
precombustion chamber
body section
nozzle segment
chamber
precombustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201811024687.7A
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English (en)
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CN109424421B (zh
Inventor
M.伦茨
S.施托尔
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MAN Energy Solutions SE
Original Assignee
MAN Diesel and Turbo SE
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Publication of CN109424421A publication Critical patent/CN109424421A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN109424421B publication Critical patent/CN109424421B/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/16—Chamber shapes or constructions not specific to sub-groups F02B19/02 - F02B19/10
    • F02B19/18—Transfer passages between chamber and cylinder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/04—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for joining parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/008—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of engine cylinder parts or of piston parts other than piston rings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
    • C23C10/36—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation only one element being diffused
    • C23C10/48—Aluminising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/10—Oxidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/20—Carburising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/24—Nitriding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
    • C23C8/64—Carburising
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    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
    • C23C8/68—Boronising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/16—Chamber shapes or constructions not specific to sub-groups F02B19/02 - F02B19/10
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/16—Chamber shapes or constructions not specific to sub-groups F02B19/02 - F02B19/10
    • F02B19/165—The shape or construction of the pre-combustion chambers is specially adapted to be formed, at least in part, of ceramic material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F02M53/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/04—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/046—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with thermally-insulating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于内燃机的气缸的预燃室布置（1），具有用于将预燃室布置（1）紧固到内燃机的气缸的气缸盖（2）上的主体区段（3），且具有喷嘴区段（4），其联接到主体区段（3）并包括喷嘴孔（7），通过该喷嘴孔（7），由主体区段（3）和喷嘴区段（4）限定的气缸的预燃室布置（1）的预燃室燃烧室（5）连接到气缸的主室燃烧室（6），其中不可拆卸地联接到喷嘴区段（4）的主体区段（3）突出超过气缸盖（2）进入主室燃烧室（6），使得预燃室燃烧室（5）和主室燃烧室（6）在预燃室布置（1）突出到主室燃烧室（6）中的区段（8）的区域中一方面通过主体区段（3）且另一方面通过喷嘴区段（4）彼此分离。

Description

预燃室布置
技术领域
本发明涉及预燃室布置。
背景技术
从EP220548B1中已知用于内燃机的气缸的预燃室布置。其中公开的预燃室布置包括主体区段和喷嘴区段。主体区段用于将预燃室布置紧固到内燃机的气缸的气缸盖上。喷嘴区段连接到主体区段并包括喷嘴孔，通过喷嘴孔，由主体区段和喷嘴区段限定的预燃室布置的预燃室燃烧室连接到主室燃烧室。预燃室布置的那个区段，其利用该区段突出到主室燃烧室中，完全由喷嘴区段提供。主体区段和喷嘴区段通过至少一个锁定部分彼此连接。
发明内容
需要一种不易磨损的预燃室布置。由此出发，本发明基于创造一种新型预燃室布置的目的。
该目的是通过根据权利要求1的预燃室布置解决的。根据本发明，不可拆卸地联接到喷嘴区段的主体区段，其突出超过气缸盖进入主室燃烧室中，使得预燃室燃烧室和主室燃烧室在预燃室布置突出到主室燃烧室中的区段的区域中一方面通过主体区段彼此分离，且另一方面通过喷嘴区段彼此分离。借助于这种方式，提供了不易磨损的预燃室布置。
根据本发明的有利的第一进一步发展，预燃室布置，在预燃室布置突出到主室燃烧室中的区段的面向主室燃烧室的侧上，在喷嘴孔的区域中的预燃室布置由喷嘴区段限定或界定，且在相邻的喷嘴孔之间以及在喷嘴孔和气缸盖之间由主体区段限定或界定。因此，降低了预燃室布置在预燃室布置突出到主室燃烧室中的区段的面向主室燃烧室的侧上的。
根据本发明的进一步发展，在预燃室布置突出到主室燃烧室中的区段的面向预燃室燃烧室的侧上，预燃室布置仅由喷嘴区段限定或界定。因此，在面向预燃室燃烧室的侧上提供了预燃室布置的低的易受磨损的程度。
根据本发明的进一步发展，在面向预燃室燃烧室的侧上，在预燃室布置突出到主室燃烧室中的区段的区域中，预燃室布置一方面由主体区段以分段的方式限定或界定，且另一方面由喷嘴区段以分段的方式限定或界定。这些特征还用于降低预燃室布置在面向预燃室燃烧室的侧上的易受磨损的程度。
用于制造根据本发明的预燃室布置的方法在权利要求9中限定。
附图说明
从从属权利要求和以下描述中获得本发明的优选的进一步发展。借助于附图更详细地解释本发明的示例性实施例，但不限于此。其示出：
图1：通过根据本发明的预燃室布置的示意性截面。
零件清单
1 预燃室布置
2 气缸盖
3 主体区段
4 喷嘴区段
5 预燃室燃烧室
6 主室燃烧室
7 喷嘴孔
8 区段
9 区段
10 表面
11 表面
12 表面
具体实施方式
本发明涉及用于内燃机的气缸的预燃室布置。
图1示出了通过根据本发明的用于内燃机的气缸的预燃室布置1的示意性截面，该预燃室布置紧固到气缸的气缸盖2上。
预燃室布置1包括主体区段3和喷嘴区段4。借助于主体区段3，预燃室布置1紧固到气缸的气缸盖2上。
喷嘴区段4和主体区段3共同界定预燃室燃烧室5，其通过喷嘴孔7连接到气缸的主室燃烧室6，其中这些喷嘴孔7由预燃室布置1的喷嘴区段4提供。
在预燃室布置1安装到气缸盖2的状态下，预燃室布置1以区段8突出超过气缸盖2进入主室燃烧室6中。预燃室布置1的另一区段9不突出到气缸2的主室燃烧室6中。
主体区段3和喷嘴区段4直接且不可拆卸地彼此联接。主体区段3与喷嘴区段4一起突出超过气缸盖2进入气缸的主室燃烧室6中，即，以这种方式使得预燃室燃烧室5和主室燃烧室6一方面在预燃室布置1的突出到主室燃烧室6中的区段8的区域中彼此分离，且另一方面通过主体区段4和喷嘴区段3。因此，预燃室燃烧室5和主室燃烧室6的分离区域可设置在预燃室布置1上，其特别不易磨损。主体区段3优选地由金属材料制成。喷嘴区段4由高度耐磨损负荷的材料制成，例如，如，由具有高耐腐蚀性的其他金属材料或由陶瓷材料制成。
在预燃室布置1的突出到主室燃烧室6中的区段8的面向主室燃烧室6的侧10上，预燃室布置1由喷嘴区段4限定或界定在喷嘴孔7的区域中，以及通过主体区段3限定或界定在相邻的喷嘴孔7之间以及喷嘴孔7和气缸盖2之间，使得相应地在预燃室布置1的突出到主室燃烧室6中的区段8的面向主室燃烧室6的侧10上，其具有不同的材料特性。
在预燃室布置1的突出到主室燃烧室6中的区段8的面向预燃室燃烧室5的侧12上，预燃室布置1仅由喷嘴区段限定或界定。此外，预燃室布置1在面向预燃室燃烧室5的侧11上限定在预燃室布置1的区段9的区域中，其一方面不通过喷嘴区段4以分段的方式突出到主室燃烧室6中，另一方面不通过主体区段4以分段的方式突出到主室燃烧室6中。
如已经说明的那样，主体区段3和喷嘴区段4不可拆卸地彼此联接。此外，主体区段3和喷嘴区段4直接联接到彼此，即没有另外的紧固装置直接联接。
根据本发明的有利的进一步发展，主体区段3在面向主室燃烧室6的侧10上，在预燃室布置1的突出到主室燃烧室6中的区段8的区域中具有腐蚀保护和/或隔热保护，和/或主体区段3在面向预燃室燃烧室5的侧上，在预燃室布置1的不突出到主室燃烧室6中的区段9的区域中具有腐蚀保护和/或隔热保护。
特别地，腐蚀保护在此通过主体区段3的表面处理形成，其中在经受形成相应保护层的表面处理期间，主体区段3的基材与另一种材料进行结合，这在表面处理期间使用，例如通过氮化、渗碳、氧化或铝化。
优选地，这里借助于扩散表面处理方法形成腐蚀保护。利用这种扩散方法，扩散材料（其例如可为金属扩散材料）扩散到主体区段3的金属基材中。
在此例如通过液体或糊状分散体或悬浮液提供扩散材料与待处理的主体区段3的表面的接触部。同样地，扩散材料可作为粉末或以气体相保持准备好。
根据特别有利的进一步发展，提供了，在面向主室燃烧室6的侧10上，在突出到主室燃烧室6中的区段8的区域中，以及在面向预燃室燃烧室5的侧11的区域中，在没有突出到主室燃烧室6中的区段9的区域中，主体区段3和/或喷嘴区段4各自带有扩散保护层意义上的腐蚀保护，其中此外在面向主室燃烧室6的侧10上，在突出到主室燃烧室6中的区段8的区域中，隔热层施加到腐蚀保护层上，由此可使预燃室布置1的易受磨损的程度进一步降低。
为了制造根据本发明的预燃室布置1，制造喷嘴区段4和主体区段3，其中在制造期间，主体区段3和喷嘴区段4直接且不可拆卸地彼此联接，使得不需要单独的紧固装置来将喷嘴区段4紧固到主体区段3上。
喷嘴区段4优选地借助于生成制造（generative production）方法制造。在生成制造方法期间，为喷嘴区段4保持准备好粉末材料，其中喷嘴区段4从该粉末逐渐构造，例如通过选择性激光烧结、选择性激光熔化、电子束熔化、激光沉积焊接、粘合剂喷射、3D打印等。作为用于喷嘴区段4的粉末材料，优选使用不同材料的粉末混合物，例如金属粉末和金属合金粉末的混合物或金属粉末和非金属（特别是陶瓷粉末）的混合物。
金属粉末可例如包括铁和/或镍和/或钴和/或钛和/或铜和/或铬和/或锆和/或钇和/或硼。
非金属粉末可为氧化物、氮化物、碳化物、硅化物和/或硼化物。
主体区段3可通过复合铸造方法制造为围绕喷嘴区段4的复合铸件，即，以这种方式使得主体区段3部分地包围喷嘴区段4。
或者，喷嘴区段4和主体区段3都可通过生成制造方法制造，即通过适当匹配的粉末材料制造，其中主体区段3部分地包围喷嘴区段4。
为了形成腐蚀保护和/或隔热保护，至少主体区段3或主体区段3和/或喷嘴区段4通过扩散方法进行表面处理，特别是如上所述。
根据本发明的预燃室布置1不易磨损。可实现更长的使用寿命，及因此降低的操作和维护成本。
优选地，预燃室布置1为用于燃气发动机的预燃室布置，其中在预燃室燃烧室5中布置有点火装置。

Claims (12)

1.一种用于内燃机的气缸的预燃室布置（1），
具有主体区段（3），其用于将所述预燃室布置（1）紧固到所述内燃机的气缸的气缸盖（2）上，
具有喷嘴区段（4），其联接到主体区段（3）并且包括喷嘴孔（7），通过该喷嘴孔（7），由所述主体区段（3）和所述喷嘴区段（4）限定的所述气缸的所述预燃室布置（1）的预燃室燃烧室（5） 连接到所述气缸的主室燃烧室（6），
其特征在于，
不可拆卸地联接到所述喷嘴区段（4）的所述主体区段（3），突出超过所述气缸盖（2）到所述主室燃烧室（6）中，使得所述预燃室燃烧室（5）和所述主室燃烧室（6）在所述预燃室布置（1）突出到所述主室燃烧室（6）中的区段（8）的区域中一方面由所述主体区段（3）分离，且另一方面由所述喷嘴区段（4）分离。
2.根据权利要求1所述的预燃室布置，其特征在于，所述主体区段（3）由金属材料组成，且所述喷嘴区段（4）由另一种高度耐磨损负荷的材料组成，例如，如，更耐腐蚀金属材料或陶瓷材料。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的预燃室布置，其特征在于，在所述预燃室布置（1）突出到所述主室燃烧室（6）中的所述区段（8）的面向所述主室燃烧室（6）的侧（10）上，在所述喷嘴孔（7）区域内的所述预燃室布置（1）由所述喷嘴区段（4）限定或界定，且在相邻的喷嘴孔（7）之间以及在所述喷嘴孔（7）和所述气缸盖（2）之间由所述主体区段（3）限定或界定。
4.根据权利要求3所述的预燃室布置，其特征在于，在面向所述主室燃烧室（6）的所述侧（10）上，在所述预燃室布置（1）突出到所述主室燃烧室（6）中的所述区段（8）的区域中，所述主体区段（3）包括腐蚀保护和/或隔热保护。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的预燃室布置，其特征在于，在所述预燃室布置（1）突出到所述主室燃烧室（6）中的所述区段（8）的面向所述预燃室燃烧室（5）的侧（12）上，所述预燃室布置仅由所述喷嘴区段（4）限定或界定。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的预燃室布置，其特征在于，在面向所述预燃室燃烧室（5）的侧（11）上，在所述预燃室布置（1）突出到所述主室燃烧室（6）中的区段（9）的区域中，所述预燃室布置（1）一方面以分段的方式由所述主体区段（3）限定或界定，且另一方面以分段的方式由所述喷嘴区段（4）限定或界定。
7.根据权利要求6所述的预燃室布置，其特征在于，在面向所述预燃室燃烧室（5）的所述侧（11）上，在所述预燃室布置（1）不突出到所述主室燃烧室（6）中的所述区段（9）的区域中，所述主体区段（3）和/或所述喷嘴区段（4）包括腐蚀保护和/或隔热保护。
8.根据权利要求4或7所述的预燃室布置，其特征在于，所述腐蚀保护和/或隔热保护形成为扩散保护层。
9.一种用于制造根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的预燃室布置的方法，具有以下步骤：
制造所述喷嘴区段（4），
制造所述主体区段（3），其经受喷嘴区段（4）和主体区段（3）的不可拆卸的联接。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述喷嘴区段（4）和所述主体区段（3）各自通过生成制造方法制造。
11.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述喷嘴区段（4）通过生成制造方法制造，并且其中所述主体区段（3）作为围绕所述喷嘴区段（4）的复合铸件制造。
12.根据权利要求9至11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，用于形成腐蚀保护和/或隔热保护的所述主体区段（3）特别是通过扩散方法表面处理。
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