CN109414932B - 薄膜堆叠体 - Google Patents
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Hf]=O CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Ta](=O)O[Ta](=O)=O PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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Abstract
薄膜堆叠体可以包括厚度为200埃至5000埃的金属基底和以600埃至1650埃的厚度设置在该金属基底上的钝化阻挡层。该钝化阻挡层可以包括介电层和设置在该介电层上的原子层沉积(ALD)层。该介电层可以具有550至950埃的厚度。该ALD层可以具有50至700埃的厚度。
Description
发明背景
在典型的喷墨印刷系统中,喷墨印刷头通过多个喷嘴向印刷介质(如纸或其它基底)喷射流体(例如墨水)液滴,以便将图像印刷到印刷介质上。该喷嘴通常布置成一个或多个阵列或图案,使得当印刷头和印刷介质相对于彼此移动时,由喷嘴正确排序地喷射墨水能够在印刷介质上印刷字符或其它图像。
由于喷射过程在印刷过程中每秒重复数千次,坍塌的蒸气泡可能导致损坏印刷过程中所用加热元件的不利影响。蒸气泡的反复坍塌导致涂覆加热元件的表面材料的空化损坏。由此,这些坍塌事件的每一次都会导致涂层材料的烧蚀。一旦墨水渗透表面材料涂层,加热元件接触热的、高电压的电阻器表面,并且紧随着电阻器的快速腐蚀和物理破坏,导致加热元件失效。除了喷墨技术之外,还存在其中构件可能与苛刻环境接触的系统的其它实例。因此,在可能提供改进性能的各种应用中使用的保护膜领域始终在进行研究和开发。
附图概述
本公开的附加特征和优点将结合附图由以下详述变得显而易见,所述附图一起以实例的方式阐述了本技术的特征。
图1是本公开的薄膜堆叠体的示例性截面示意图;
图2是本公开的热喷墨印刷头堆叠体的一部分的示例性截面示意图;和
图3是比较两种示例性热喷墨印刷头中对各种墨滴体积的功率要求的示例图。
现在将参考所示具体实例,并且这里将使用特定语言来描述它们。但是,应当理解的是并非意在由此限制本公开的范围。
发明详述
在热喷墨(TIJ)技术中,TIJ印刷头的钝化层可以与印刷头的能量效率、功能、可靠性以及其它性质直接相关。通常,钝化层可以通过等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)来沉积。虽然PECVD可能是一种强大的沉积技术,其仍然可能导致许多缺陷和阶梯覆盖限制,这可能使该膜相对较厚以保持化学鲁棒性。但是,较厚的钝化层可能会降低该TIJ印刷头的能量效率。
本公开涉及薄膜堆叠体、制造薄膜堆叠体的方法、以及可以帮助克服一些上述挑战的热喷墨(TIJ)印刷头堆叠体。要注意的是,当讨论薄膜堆叠体、制造薄膜堆叠体的方法或TIJ印刷头堆叠体时,可以认为这些讨论中的每一个均适用于这些实例中的每一个,无论它们是否明确地在特定实例的上下文中讨论。由此,例如,在讨论用于薄膜堆叠体中的钝化阻挡层的介电层时,此类介电层也可用于制造薄膜堆叠体的方法或TIJ印刷头堆叠体,并且反之亦然。
因此,考虑到本讨论,薄膜堆叠体可以包括厚度为200埃至20,000埃的金属基底。钝化阻挡层可以以600埃至1650埃的厚度设置在金属基底上。该钝化阻挡层可以包括介电层和设置在介电层上的原子层沉积(ALD)层。该介电层可以具有550至950埃的厚度。该ALD层可以具有50至700埃的厚度。
图1中显示了薄膜堆叠体的一个实例。该薄膜堆叠体100可以包括金属基底105。介电层110可以设置在该金属基底上。ALD层可以设置在该介电层上。组合的介电层与ALD层可以构成金属基底上的钝化阻挡层。
该金属基底可以是任何合适的金属基底。在一些实例中,该金属基底可以由电阻材料制成。在其它具体实例中,该基底可以包括TaAl、WSiN、TaSiN、TaN、Ta2O5等等,或其组合。
更详细地,该金属基底可以具有200埃至20,000埃的厚度,或者该金属基底可以具有200埃至5000埃的厚度。在另一实例中,该金属基底可以具有200埃至3000埃的厚度。
该钝化阻挡层通常可以包括两个层或层类型。虽然两个层可以相对于彼此以不同的厚度形成,但是整个钝化阻挡层通常可以具有600埃至1650埃的厚度。在一些附加的实例中,该钝化阻挡层可以具有700埃至1000或1400埃的厚度。
该钝化阻挡层的一个层可以包括介电层,其可以设置在该金属基底上。在一些实例中,该介电层可以具有550埃至950埃的厚度。在其它实例中,该介电层可以具有600埃至800埃的厚度。
该介电层可以具有任何合适的介电材料。非限制性实例可以包括SiO2、SiN、SiOxNy、Al2O3、ZrO2、未掺杂的硅酸盐玻璃等等,或其组合。在一个特定实例中,该介电层可以包括SiN。
该ALD层可以设置在该介电层上。通常,该ALD层可以具有50埃至700埃的厚度。在一些实例中,该ALD层可以具有50埃至200埃或450埃的厚度。
更详细地,在一些实例中,该ALD层可以是无针孔的。该ALD层是否无针孔取决于构成该ALD层的材料或材料的组合。无针孔层可以通过许多方法来验证。一种此类方法包括形成氮化硅层或其它合适的介电层,并用合适的无针孔材料(如HfO2)施加ALD层以覆盖氮化硅层。可以随后在覆盖氮化硅层的ALD层上设置缓冲氧化物蚀刻(BOE)溶液。如果该BOE溶液蚀刻下方的氮化硅层,则该BOE溶液能够穿透该ALD层,表明该ALD层不是无针孔的。如果该BOE溶液未蚀刻下方的氮化硅层,则该BOE不能穿透该ALD层,这表明该ALD层是无针孔的。
该ALD层可以包括许多合适的材料。非限制性实例可以包括HfO2、ZrO2、HfSixOy、WSixOy、Al2O3、Ta2O5、SiN等等,或其组合。在一个特定实例中,该ALD层可以包括HfO2。在另一实例中,该ALD层可以包括SiN。在另一实例中,该ALD层可以是金属氧化物层。
现在转向制造薄膜堆叠体的方法,该方法可以包括制备厚度为200埃至20,000埃的金属基底。可以以600埃至1650埃的厚度在该金属基底上沉积钝化阻挡层。沉积该钝化阻挡层可以包括在该金属基底上以550埃至950埃的厚度沉积介电层,并在该介电层上以50埃至700埃的厚度沉积ALD层。
该金属基底可以使用任何合适的沉积技术来制备。非限制性实例可以包括化学气相沉积(CVD)、物理气相沉积(PVD)、外延、电沉积、溅射等等,或其组合。通常,该金属基底可以具有上述组成和厚度。
对于设置在该金属基底上的钝化阻挡层,该阻挡层还可以具有上述组成和厚度。通常,该钝化阻挡层的厚度不超过1650埃。此类薄的钝化阻挡层可以使包括它们的器件与包括较厚的钝化阻挡层(如2000至3000埃的钝化阻挡层)的等效器件相比更能量有效。
但是,由于与一些沉积方法相关的针孔缺陷和阶梯覆盖限制,制备薄的钝化阻挡层可能存在挑战。由此,虽然本钝化阻挡层的介电层可以使用任何合适的沉积方法如PECVD来沉积,但是设置在该介电层上的层通常可以使用原子层沉积或ALD来沉积。如上所述,原子层沉积可以提供非常薄的层,其在一些情况下可以是无针孔的。由于该ALD层的化学鲁棒性,该介电层也可以非常薄。由此,该薄的ALD层通常可以允许整个钝化阻挡层是薄的和能量有效的。此外,该ALD层的化学鲁棒性还可以减少或消除在钝化阻挡层上设置保护层的需要,使得整个薄膜堆叠体更薄。因此,这种钝化阻挡层对许多器件应用是合意的。
在一个特定实例中,该钝化阻挡层可以包括在热喷墨印刷头堆叠体中。该热喷墨(TIJ)印刷头堆叠体可以包括绝缘基底和以200埃至20,000埃的厚度设置在该绝缘基底上的电阻器。电阻器钝化阻挡层可以以600埃至1650埃的厚度设置在该电阻器上。该电阻器钝化阻挡层可以包括以550埃至950埃的厚度设置在电阻器上的介电层。该电阻器钝化阻挡层还可以包括以50埃至700埃的厚度设置在介电层上的ALD层。在一些实例中,该TIJ印刷头堆叠体不包括设置在电阻器钝化层上的保护层。在一些实例中,该热喷墨印刷头堆叠体还可以包括电连接到该电阻器上的一对导体。导体钝化层还可以设置在所述一对导体上。在一些实例中,该导体钝化层可以与电阻器钝化阻挡层相同。
在图2中在200处显示了示例性热喷墨印刷头堆叠体。具体而言,显示了硅晶片210,其具有施加于其上的电绝缘层220。可以向该绝缘层上施加电阻器230,其可以使用热喷墨印刷领域中已知的任何已知电阻材料来制备,如TaAl、WSiN、TaSiN、TaN或Ta2O5。该电阻器的合适的平均厚度可以为0.02微米至0.5微米,或0.02微米至2微米,尽管该范围之外的厚度也可以采用。此外,所述电阻器可以用适于实现所需电性质的任何材料掺杂,所述电性质包括但不限于电阻率。在一些实例中,该电阻器可以具有200μΩ·cm至200Ω·cm、200μΩ·cm至10,000μΩ·cm、或200μΩ·cm至2000μΩ·cm的体电阻率。
该电阻器230同样可以与位于电阻器两侧的一对导体240电连通。这些导体可以充当电阻器的电极。在该实例中,该导体还设置在绝缘层220上,尽管这种布置仅仅是示例性的。该导体可以是适于用作导体的任何材料,如金、铝、铜等等,或其合金,如铝和铜的合金。
此外,导体钝化层250(其也可以是绝缘的)可以设置在该导体上以防止墨水260与导体240之间发生接触。该导体的合适的平均厚度可以为0.1微米至2微米,该导体钝化层的合适的平均厚度可以为0.02微米至1微米,尽管在该范围之外的厚度也可能是合适的。但是,当该导体钝化层与该电阻器钝化阻挡层相同时,该导体钝化层可以具有与电阻器钝化阻挡层所述相同的厚度。
可用于电绝缘层220、导体钝化层250或任何其它绝缘层的绝缘材料可以是例如SiO2、SiN、Al2O3、HfO2、ZrO2、HfSixOy、WSixOy或未掺杂的硅酸盐玻璃。该电绝缘膜或导体钝化层例如可以通过导体的热氧化或电绝缘薄膜的沉积来形成。
同样可以向电阻器230上施加电阻器钝化阻挡层270。如前所述,该电阻器钝化阻挡层可以包括介电层271和设置在该介电层上的ALD层272。这些层可以如上所述制备。此外,应当注意,该电阻器钝化阻挡层与该导体钝化层250可以整合为单个层,或可以保持为独立的相邻层。由于单独的电阻器钝化阻挡层具有足够的化学鲁棒性,该TIJ印刷头堆叠体可以不包括通常设置在钝化层上的保护层。还要注意的是,在考虑本公开之后,如本领域技术人员将理解的那样,还可以使用许多其它类型或定位的层。
要指出,除非上下文清楚地另行规定,本说明书和所附权利要求中所用的单数形式“一个”、“一种”和“该”包括复数对象。
本文中所用的“缺乏”是指不存在除痕量(如杂质)之外的量的材料。
如本文中所用,为方便起见,可能在通用名单中陈述多个项目、结构要素、组成要素和/或材料。但是,这些名单应该像该名单的各成员作为单独和独特的成员逐一规定的那样解释。因此,如果没有作出相反的指示,此类名单的任一成员不应仅基于它们出现在同一组中而被解释为同一名单中的任何其它成员的事实等同物。
浓度、量和其它数值数据在本文中可能以范围格式表示或呈现。要理解的是,这样的范围格式仅为方便和简要起见使用,因此应灵活解释为不仅包括作为该范围的界限明确列举的数值,还包括该范围内包含的所有独立的数值或子范围,就像明确列举各数值和子范围那样。例如,“大约5原子%至大约90原子%”的数值范围应被解释为不仅包括大约5原子%至大约90原子%的明确列举的值,还包括在所示范围内的独立值和子范围。由此,在这一数值范围中包括独立值,如6、7.5和8,和子范围,如5-75、7-80和9-85等。这一原理同样适用于仅列举一个数值的范围。此外,无论该范围的宽度或所述特征如何,这种解释都适用。
下面的实施例阐述目前已知的本公开的特征。由此,该实施例不应被视为限制本技术,而是仅教导如何制造本公开的组合物。因此,本文公开了许多代表性的组合物及其制造方法。
实施例
钝化阻挡层的开启能量测试
制备具有相同的结构构造的各种热喷墨(TIJ)印刷头堆叠体,除了该钝化阻挡层对各印刷头堆叠体不同。具体而言,样品1(对照样品)包括涂覆有SiC层的SiN层。两个层均采用PECVD沉积。相反,样品2-9包括涂覆有HfO2层的SiN介电层。该SiN层使用PECVD沉积,且该HfO2层使用ALD沉积。在表1中更全面地描述了包括在各种钝化阻挡层中的各个层的以埃为单位的厚度。印刷头堆叠体均不包括沉积在该钝化阻挡层上的空化层。
样品1的钝化阻挡层的总厚度为大约2500埃,这对热喷墨印刷头堆叠体中的钝化阻挡层而言并不罕见。相反,样品2-9具有700至1000埃的总厚度,小于对照样品厚度的一半。
表1
样品 | SiN | SiC | HfO<sub>2</sub> | 总计 |
1 | 1670 | 830 | n/a | 2500 |
2 | 600 | n/a | 100 | 700 |
3 | 600 | n/a | 200 | 800 |
4 | 700 | n/a | 50 | 750 |
5 | 700 | n/a | 100 | 800 |
6 | 700 | n/a | 200 | 900 |
7 | 800 | n/a | 50 | 850 |
8 | 800 | n/a | 100 | 900 |
9 | 800 | n/a | 200 | 1000 |
各个TIJ印刷头堆叠体的能量均下降,直到该印刷头在稳定的液滴重量下停止印刷。比较对照样品(样品1)与各测试样品(样品2-9)之间的下降点。这是发射特定液滴尺寸所需脉冲持续时间的量度。印刷特定液滴重量所需的脉冲持续时间越长,能量消耗越大。表2显示了与样品1相比样品2-9的能耗的百分比降低。
表2
样品 | 能耗的%降低 |
2 | 30% |
3 | 27% |
4 | 30% |
5 | 31% |
6 | 25% |
7 | 30% |
8 | 25% |
9 | 25% |
如表2中所示,与样品1相比,样品2-9各自表现出实现预定液滴体积的能耗的至少25%降低。此外,与样品1相比,一些样品表现出能耗的30%降低,或更多。
图3提供了与样品7相比由样品1喷射各种液滴体积的能量需求的对比图示。如上所述测定各液滴体积的能量需求。要注意的是,样品2-9均表现出相当类似于样品7的开启能量曲线。因此,为了清楚起见,仅显示了样品7。从图3中可以看出,样品7不需要与样品1一样多的微焦耳的能量来喷射相等液滴体积的墨水。事实上,与样品1喷射2纳克墨滴所需能量相比,样品7需要更少的能量来喷射10纳克墨滴。
虽然已经参考某些实施例描述了本技术,但是本领域技术人员将理解,在不脱离本技术的精神的情况下,可以进行各种修改、改变、省略和替换。因此,本技术仅受所附权利要求的范围的限制。
Claims (15)
1.薄膜堆叠体,包括:
厚度为200埃至20,000埃的金属基底;和
以600埃至1650埃的厚度设置在所述金属基底上的钝化阻挡层,所述钝化阻挡层包括:
厚度为550至950埃的介电层,和
直接设置在所述介电层上的ALD层,即厚度为50至700埃的金属氧化物层。
2.权利要求1的薄膜堆叠体,其中所述ALD层是无针孔的。
3.权利要求1的薄膜堆叠体,其中所述金属基底包括TaAl、WSiN、TaSiN、TaN、Ta2O5或其组合。
4.权利要求1的薄膜堆叠体,其中所述钝化阻挡层具有700埃至1400埃的厚度。
5.权利要求1的薄膜堆叠体,其中所述介电层具有600至800埃的厚度,所述ALD层具有50埃至450埃的厚度。
6.权利要求1的薄膜堆叠体,其中所述介电层包括SiO2、SiN、SiOxNy、Al2O3、ZrO2、未掺杂的硅酸盐玻璃或其组合。
7.薄膜堆叠体,包括:
厚度为200埃至20,000埃的金属基底;和
以600埃至1650埃的厚度设置在所述金属基底上的钝化阻挡层,所述钝化阻挡层包括:
厚度为550至950埃的介电层,和
直接设置在所述介电层上的ALD层,所述ALD层的厚度为50至700埃,并且包括HfO2、ZrO2、HfSixOy、WSixOy、Al2O3、Ta2O5、SiN或其组合。
8.制造薄膜堆叠体的方法,包括:
制备厚度为200至5000埃的金属基底;和
在所述金属基底上以600埃至1400埃的厚度沉积钝化阻挡层,其中沉积所述钝化阻挡层包括:
在所述金属基底上以550至950埃的厚度沉积介电层,和
直接在所述介电层上以50至700埃的厚度沉积ALD层。
9.权利要求8的方法,其中通过等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)来进行所述介电层的沉积。
10.权利要求8的方法,其中所述ALD层具有50至450埃的厚度。
11.热喷墨印刷头堆叠体,包括:
绝缘基底;
以200埃至5000埃的厚度设置在所述绝缘基底上的电阻器;和
以600埃至1400埃的厚度设置在所述电阻器上的电阻器钝化阻挡层,所述电阻器钝化阻挡层包括:
以550埃至950埃的厚度设置在所述电阻器上的介电层,和
以50埃至700埃的厚度直接设置在所述介电层上的ALD层,
其中所述热喷墨印刷头堆叠体不包括设置在所述电阻器钝化层上的保护层。
12.权利要求11的热喷墨印刷头堆叠体,其中所述电阻器具有200μΩ·cm至200Ω·cm的体电阻率。
13.权利要求11的热喷墨印刷头堆叠体,进一步包括电连接到所述电阻器上的一对导体。
14.权利要求13的热喷墨印刷头堆叠体,其中所述电阻器钝化阻挡层还设置在所述一对导体上。
15.权利要求11的热喷墨印刷头堆叠体,其中所述ALD层是无针孔的。
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