CN109412132A - A kind of Surge Protector of high safety - Google Patents
A kind of Surge Protector of high safety Download PDFInfo
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- CN109412132A CN109412132A CN201811293308.4A CN201811293308A CN109412132A CN 109412132 A CN109412132 A CN 109412132A CN 201811293308 A CN201811293308 A CN 201811293308A CN 109412132 A CN109412132 A CN 109412132A
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- voltage
- limiting type
- voltage limiting
- type element
- surge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/041—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using a short-circuiting device
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/042—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage comprising means to limit the absorbed power or indicate damaged over-voltage protection device
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- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Surge Protectors of high safety; including piezoresistive element, voltage limiting type element, heater element and the thermally conductive end of low thermal resistance; the heater element is in parallel with piezoresistive element again after connecting with the voltage limiting type element; form a single port combinational circuit; wherein; the performance of the piezoresistive element tolerance surge impact is higher than the performance of voltage limiting type element tolerance surge impact, and the pressure sensitive voltage value of the piezoresistive element is greater than the turn-on voltage of the voltage limiting type element；There is one in two leading-out terminals of the single port combinational circuit for the thermally conductive end of low thermal resistance, the thermally conductive end of low thermal resistance is thermally coupled to each other with the heater element or the thermally conductive end of the low thermal resistance is thermally coupled to each other with the voltage limiting type element.The invention enables SPD to exit circuit with open circuit mode, improves safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power technique fields, in particular to a kind of Surge Protector of high safety.
Background technique
A kind of low-voltage electrical apparatus of the Surge Protector (abbreviation SPD) as standard, is widely used in low pressure electric line,
The surge as caused by thunder and lightning etc. occurred in route effectively can be absorbed and be inhibited, to improvement grid power transmission quality, be protected
Card electrical appliance has safely apparent effect.
The core component of SPD is Surge suppression element, and the most commonly used is based varistor chips.Due to electric line
Transmission range is longer, but be easy to be exposed to it is outdoor, compared to indoor electric appliance equipment be easier by high-energy surge pulse, in SPD
Phase projected life in, based varistor chip be easier by be more than rated specification high-energy surge repeat impact,
Cause the deterioration failure of varistor.Since varistor is short circuit failure mode, once breakdown failure, will cause supply lines
Road short trouble, breakdown point will appear burst, smolder, arcing, it is serious when in addition will cause catching fire.
The schematic diagram of most common improvement plan is shown in attached drawing 1, on two end electrodes of based varistor chip 1,
It being respectively welded and connects a piece of conductive and all excellent heating conduction scale copper electrode 2, scale copper electrode 2 is prefabricated with leading-out terminal 3,
Scale copper electrode 2 also forms thermal coupling with based varistor chip 1 while playing the role of conductive electrode, can be by pressure-sensitive electricity
The heat that resistance ceramic chip 1 generates is transmitted on leading-out terminal 3.It is welded on a leading-out terminal 3 with low-melting alloy 5 wherein
A piece of elastic sheet metal 4 forms overheat disconnector.When based varistor chip 1, which is deteriorated to leakage current, enters milliampere grade, open
Begin to enter accelerated deterioration area, leakage current can make the fever of based varistor chip 1 that leakage current be promoted to further increase, and accelerate
Based varistor chip 1 generates heat, and will finally make 1 thermal breakdown of based varistor chip.It is melted when heat reaches low-melting alloy 5
When disconnected temperature, disconnector action power dump is overheated, so that based varistor chip 1 is exited power grid before puncture short, reaches
The purpose of protection.The program can convert the failure mode of most based varistor chip 1 from pernicious short-circuit mode
For the open circuit mode for influencing very little, the safety of SPD is greatly improved.
But still there is also some defects for the program, since the movement of overheat disconnector needs to be delayed by several seconds the time, and
1 leakage current of based varistor chip enters milliampere grade and starts accelerated deterioration adstante febre, and the defect inside porcelain body is very serious
, there is the defect of partial chip seriously to arrive very short to the time of puncture short from starting to generate heat, heat also has little time to be transmitted to
Hot disconnector melts low-melting alloy 5, and short circuit accident just has occurred.Another much situation is exactly when pressure-sensitive electricity
Resistance ceramic chip 1 is deteriorated to when closing on accelerated deterioration area, and at this moment the leakage current of based varistor chip 1 is also less than milliampere grade,
It can also maintain thermostabilization, additionally it is possible to work is maintained under the operating voltage of power grid, but its pressure sensitive voltage value at this time has compared
Initial value when just starting to come into operation has apparent sharp fall, the anti-surge punching of based varistor chip 1 at this moment
The ability hit is very fragile, an energy not counting it can be punctured or close to breakdown by too big surge, at this time it
The puncture short time is also too fastly, since the too fast puncture short time causes overheat disconnector to have little time response action and to rise not
To protective effect.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency in the presence of the prior art, the surge for providing a kind of high safety is protected
Protect device.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
A kind of Surge Protector of high safety, including piezoresistive element, voltage limiting type element, heater element and low-heat
Thermally conductive end is hindered, the heater element is in parallel with piezoresistive element again after connecting with the voltage limiting type element, forms one
A single port combinational circuit, wherein the performance of the piezoresistive element tolerance surge impact is higher than the voltage limiting type member
Part is resistant to the performance of surge impact, and the pressure sensitive voltage value of the piezoresistive element is greater than the conducting of the voltage limiting type element
Voltage value；
There is one in two leading-out terminals of the single port combinational circuit for the thermally conductive end of low thermal resistance, the low thermal resistance is led
Hot end head be thermally coupled to each other with the heater element or the thermally conductive end of the low thermal resistance and the voltage limiting type element it is mutually hot
Coupling.
In use, in the thermally conductive end connection overheat disconnector of the low thermal resistance, the Curie point of the heater element is high
In the operating temperature of the overheat disconnector.Voltage limiting type element of the present invention, refers to when not having surge, voltage
Restricted type element has high impedance, but with the raising of surge voltage, and the impedance of voltage limiting type element is by the reduction of duration.
The working principle of the invention is analyzed as follows:
Piezoresistive element is the main channel for absorbing surge pulse.When not having surge pulse, piezoresistive element is in
High-impedance state, when surge arrives, piezoresistive element is in low resistive state, and most of surge energy thus release by circuit, at this point,
The voltage-limiting protection level of SPD is regarded as the residual voltage value of piezoresistive element；After surge disappears, piezoresistive element returns to height
Resistance state.
Another circuit is the subchannel for the absorption surge pulse being connected in series by voltage limiting type element and heater element
And Thermal protection circuit, and overheat disconnector is connected to by thermally conductive end.When the intact no surge of element, due to voltage limiting type
Element is in high-impedance state, and Thermal protection circuit only has minimum leakage current to flow through.When surge comes temporarily, due to voltage limiting type member
The turn-on voltage of part is lower than the pressure sensitive voltage value of piezoresistive element, and the residual voltage difference between them is applied to heater element two
End, by adjusting the difference of the pressure sensitive voltage value of the turn-on voltage and piezoresistive element of voltage limiting type element, Yi Jifa
The resistance value of thermal element at normal temperature, so that it may which setting absorbs the subchannel of surge pulse from the shunt ratio of main channel, makes big
Part surge current passes through from piezoresistive element, and flowing through the fraction surge current in Thermal protection circuit, to be then adjusted to should be small
In the upper limit value for malfunctioning heat protection function, it is greater than the lower limit for being enough to influence the pulse service life of voltage limiting type element again
Value.After surge pulse disappears, voltage limiting type element will also return to high-impedance state.Set the electric conduction of voltage limiting type element
The resistance value of difference and heater element at normal temperature between pressure value and the pressure sensitive voltage value of piezoresistive element, so that
Before voltage limiting type component failure, heater element does not trigger hot disengaging.
Analysis of Failure Mechanism of the invention is as follows:
Surge Protector of the invention is in practical application, the master that the same surge will be applied to surge absorbing simultaneously returns
On road and minor loop, and press preset proportional diverting.With the accumulation of working time, the surge of the various waveforms of receiving is rushed
The number hit will be superimposed, and the voltage limiting type element in piezoresistive element and minor loop in major loop all will be gradually bad
Change.Since the performance of piezoresistive element tolerance surge impact is higher than the performance of voltage limiting type element tolerance surge impact, only
It wants the gap of this performance sufficiently large, can guarantee that the voltage limiting type element in the minor loop takes the lead in serious deterioration or short circuit is lost
When effect, the piezoresistive element deterioration in major loop is not also serious, can also be when heat protection function starts, and maintenance major loop is in
High-impedance state.At this moment there will be lasting power network current to flow through in Thermal protection circuit, make the element heating in circuit, and finally make to send out
Thermal element reaches thermal balance above Curie point, and electric current strangulation compared with fractional value, heat can be at leisure from thermally conductive end
Head is transmitted to overheat disconnector, and temperature can achieve near Curie temperature, and the operating temperature for overheating disconnector is set below residence
In at temperature, can reliably disengaging act, so that damaged SPD be made to be detached from power network line.The technical program can make to damage
SPD after bad exits power grid in this safe mode.Due to overheat disconnector be generally provided with positioning indicator or electricity,
Sound, light warning device, will soon be found, and maintenance personal replaces in which can be convenient, and achieve the purpose that safe handling,
To substantially increase the safety and reliability of SPD, the electrical equipment crash rate connected on route also will significantly reduce.
Since the piezoresistive element in major loop is also categorized in voltage limiting type element, in it and minor loop
Voltage limiting type element has same or similar performance characteristic, wherein also including same or similar pulse life characteristic figure
Shape is easier to be selected and be matched.
In use, the maximum continuous work voltage value of the voltage limiting type element is greater than network voltage value, it could be really
It protects when there is no surge pulse, voltage limiting type element is in high resistant not on-state and being capable of long-term work.Due to the pressure
The pressure sensitive voltage value of quick resistive element is more taller than the turn-on voltage of voltage limiting type element, so, piezoresistive element
Maximum continuous work voltage value is also higher than the maximum continuous work voltage value of voltage limiting type element, when there is no surge pulse,
It is also at high resistant not on-state.
Preferably, the maximum exchange continuous work voltage value of the voltage limiting type element is greater than 220V, can apply
In access 220V common frequency power network；
Alternatively, the maximum exchange continuous work voltage value of the voltage limiting type element is greater than 110V, can be applied to
Access 110V common frequency power network；
Alternatively, the maximum exchange continuous work voltage value of the voltage limiting type element is greater than 380V, can be applied to
Access 380V common frequency power network.
Preferably, the heater element is thermally coupled to each other with the voltage limiting type element.
Preferably, the voltage limiting type element is piezoresistor, and the turn-on voltage is piezoresistor
Pressure sensitive voltage value.
Preferably, the voltage limiting type element is Transient Suppression Diode, and the turn-on voltage is that transient state inhibits
The breakdown voltage value of diode.
Preferably, the voltage limiting type element is Zener diode, and the turn-on voltage is Zener diode
Voltage of voltage regulation value.
Preferably, the heater element is thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient.Thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient is
A kind of typical semiconductor resistor with temperature sensitivity, when more than certain temperature (Curie temperature), its resistance value with
Raising the increasing in step evolution of temperature.
Preferably, the heater element is the resistive element of linear feature, the electric current of the resistive element of linear feature
It is substantially proportional to voltage, i.e., its characteristic equation is mainly linear homogeneous, and defers to Ohm's law.The electricity of linear feature
Resistance can also be played the role of following in Thermal protection circuit: first is that metering function, when the voltage limiting type component breakdown short circuit
Afterwards, the resistance of linear feature can not will cause the surge by the current limit in Thermal protection circuit within safety value
Protection short circuit is burnt；Second is that heating functioin, the resistance that the electric current within safety value continues through the linear feature will
It can be made, which to be warming up to, makes to overheat disconnector movement, equally can achieve the purpose of Thermal protection.To reach said effect, Thermal protection is returned
The current value on road is advisable in the case where voltage limiting type element short fails for tens milliamperes to tens amperes, and corresponding is in line
Property feature resistive element resistance value be several kilohms to several ohm.
In the present invention, the resistance of linear feature both includes linear resistance, and also allowing (should containing some non-linear components
Non-linear component is smaller, mainly still embodies Ohm's law feature), but power is required to want sufficiently large, pressure resistance is enough
Height will at least adhere to that failure cannot be damaged before overheating disconnector movement.
Preferably, an electricity of the voltage limiting type element is connected on an electrode surface of the piezoresistive element
Pole and a leading-out terminal are connected with an electricity of the heater element on another electrode surface of the voltage limiting type element
Pole is connected with the thermally conductive end of low thermal resistance and the piezoresistive element another on another electrode surface of the heater element
Electrode.
Preferably, the piezoresistive element after connection, the voltage limiting type element, the heater element remove two
Remaining surface outside leading-out terminal is packaged as a whole by insulating materials.
Preferably, the voltage limiting type element of the thermally conductive end of the low thermal resistance, the heater element will be connected with
Series arm is individually encapsulated with insulating materials, and the piezoresistive element is also individually encapsulated with insulating materials, then uses connecting wire
The electrode terminal that they are exposed insulating sealed layer is in parallel.Two parts can be installed respectively, or even can also separated in this way
A small distance.
Preferably, the thermally conductive end of low thermal resistance with thermally conductive function has foot using excellent materials of heating conductions such as copper
Enough big cross-sectional areas, and pyrotoxin (voltage limiting type element or heater element are connected to using thermal couplings modes such as welding
On), and distance of the thermally conductive end away from pyrotoxin will as far as possible short, to obtain minimum thermal resistance, guarantee has enough heats to pass
Lead overheat disconnector.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention is equipped with the main channel that surge pulse is absorbed by piezoresistive element simultaneously, and by voltage limiting type member
The subchannel for the absorption surge pulse that part, heater element are connected in series and Thermal protection circuit, and two circuit parallel connections, SPD's
Effectively during work, the surge for being subjected to same number, same intensity, same shape is impacted in two circuits, due to varistor
Element and voltage limiting type element have same or similar pulse life curve figure, and can preset them and hold respectively
By the ratio of surge energy, voltage limiting type element can be ensured prior to piezoresistive element short-circuit failure by design.It is losing
In the case of effect, the overheat disconnector meeting action power dump of SPD, so that SPD finally exits circuit with open circuit mode, relative to biography
The short-circuit mode of system greatly improves the safety of SPD, it is therefore prevented that is generated when short circuit breakdown smolders, is arcing, even on fire
The serious accident of burning.Meanwhile positioning indicator or electricity, sound, light warning device that disconnector is equipped with are overheated, so that damage
SPD will soon be found, maintenance personal replaces in which can be convenient, achieved the purpose that safe handling, thus significantly
The safety and reliability of SPD is improved, the electrical equipment crash rate connected on route also will significantly reduce.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the schematic illustration of improvement plan described in background technique.
It is marked in Fig. 1: 1- based varistor chip, 2- scale copper electrode, 3- leading-out terminal, 4- elastic sheet metal, 5-
Low-melting alloy.
Fig. 2 is a kind of circuit diagram of the Surge Protector of high safety of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the Surge Protector of high safety of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the pulse life diagram of piezoresistive element.
Fig. 5 is the pulse life diagram of voltage limiting type element.
Mark in Fig. 2-Fig. 5: 1- piezoresistive element, 2- voltage limiting type element, 3- heater element, 4- low thermal resistance are thermally conductive
End, 5- internal connection line.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to test example and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should not be understood
It is all that this is belonged to based on the technology that the content of present invention is realized for the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments
The range of invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of Surge Protector of high safety, including piezoresistive element 1, voltage limiting type element 2, hair
Thermal element 3 and the thermally conductive end 4 of low thermal resistance, the heater element 3 are first with varistor after connecting with the voltage limiting type element 2
Part 1 is in parallel, forms a single port combinational circuit, wherein the performance that the piezoresistive element 1 is resistant to surge impact is higher than institute
The performance that voltage limiting type element 2 is resistant to surge impact is stated, the pressure sensitive voltage value of the piezoresistive element 1 is greater than the voltage
The turn-on voltage of restricted type element 2；Having one in two leading-out terminals of the single port combinational circuit is that low thermal resistance is thermally conductive
End 4, the thermally conductive end 4 of low thermal resistance are thermally coupled to each other with the heater element 3.
The range of choice of voltage limiting type element 2 is wider, and the voltage limiting type element 2 can be piezoresistor, institute
The turn-on voltage stated is the pressure sensitive voltage value of piezoresistor；The voltage limiting type element 2 can be transient state and inhibit two poles
Pipe, the turn-on voltage is the breakdown voltage value of Transient Suppression Diode；The voltage limiting type element 2 can be Zener
Diode, the turn-on voltage are the voltage of voltage regulation values of Zener diode.
Specific assembling form can be as shown in figure 3, be connected with described on an electrode surface of the piezoresistive element 1
An electrode and a leading-out terminal for voltage limiting type element 2 connects on another electrode surface of the voltage limiting type element 2
It is connected to an electrode of the heater element 3, is connected with the thermally conductive end of low thermal resistance on another electrode surface of the heater element 3
4 and the piezoresistive element 1 another electrode.
Piezoresistive element 1 selects the pressure-sensitive tile of square of two panels nominal diameter 40mm (40K681 × 2) in parallel, this is simultaneously
Connection mode is that the industry is the usual way for reducing mounting area, and pressure sensitive voltage value is 680 volts, maximum discharge current ImaxFor
80KA；Voltage limiting type element 2 selects the disk varistor 05K391 of nominal diameter 5mm, and pressure sensitive voltage value is 390 volts；Hair
Thermal element 3 selects thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient, is 180 DEG C of Curie point, the tile that 3 ohm of room temperature resistance value, with
The operating temperature of its matched overheat disconnector is 120 DEG C.
The type selecting of element should follow such thinking:
Referring initially to the pulse life diagram 4 and Fig. 5 of piezoresistive element 1 and voltage limiting type element 2, the arteries and veins of choice experiment
Waveform is rushed, the waveform of 8/20 microsecond is typically chosen, that is, pulse width is the waveform of 20 microseconds, because it is most similar to thunder and lightning
Waveform.From the figure, it can be seen that medium and small energy surge lower for current value, piezoresistive element 1 can be resistant on thousands of
Ten thousand Secondary Shocks, that is to say, that the surge of this intensity is limited to the pulse aging effects of piezoresistive element 1.More for current value
Big energy surge in high, piezoresistive element 1 can only be resistant to tens to several hundred times, to the 1 pulse service life of piezoresistive element
It influences just very significant.And the impact of those limit surges, it is only necessary to which one twice can damage piezoresistive element 1.
When type selecting, the tolerance of the piezoresistive element 1 of surge pulse main channel is first selected, with possible in SPD effectively work phase
The expection of big energy surge number and pulse life diagram is roughly the same in meeting with is advisable, such as in the environment for serving as second class protection
In, the accumulative probability impacted by energy surge big in tens secondary 20KA up to a hundred or so is just only a small number of in severe environmental conditions
Under SPD be likely to encounter, and by the limit surge of 40KA or more impact possibility, be exactly the event of minimum probability, choosing
The pressure-sensitive tile for selecting the two panels nominal diameter 40mm in this example is in parallel, can find from Fig. 4, in 20KA rush of current
Life expectancy is 100 times or more, so that it may so that most of SPD do not fail in life expectancy.And as electric in Thermal protection circuit
Press restricted type element 2 from the shunting value in major loop 20KA electric current, it should influence on the life expectancy of the voltage limiting type element
Bigger, less number of shocks just can make it take the lead in deteriorating.Looking into 05K series varistor known to Fig. 5 can tolerate 200-300A
Rush of current 10 times or more, therefore, select 05K series piezoresistor as voltage limiting type element 2, when major loop passes through
Minor loop accordingly passes through the electric current of 200-300A when 20KA electric current, so that it may which the working life of expection voltage restricted type element 2 is short
In the working life of piezoresistive element 1.Since the pulse life diagram of varistor is must reach under extreme operating conditions
Scale value, manufacturer also need design parameter surplus, and in practical applications, good product may be than being resistant to number as defined in chart
More manyfolds, but this has no effect on the selection thinking of this patent.
Second step will select the pressure sensitive voltage value of voltage limiting type element 2, it is contemplated that the present embodiment is to be applied to 220 volts of friendships
Galvanic electricity net, the pressure sensitive voltage value of voltage limiting type element 2 select 390 volts, and maximum exchange continuous work voltage is 250 volts, greatly
In the voltage value of power grid.Its residual voltage value in 200-300A is about 800 volts.
Third step will select the pressure sensitive voltage value of piezoresistive element 1, piezoresistive element when generally as second class protection
Pressure sensitive voltage choosing value be 680 volts, the residual voltage value in 20KA is about 1500 volts.
4th step will select the room temperature resistance value of heater element 3, when applying the experiment electric current of 20KA, heater element both ends
Voltage difference is that piezoresistive element 1 and the residual voltage of voltage limiting type element 2 are poor, i.e. 1500-800=700V, by heater element 3
Room temperature resistance value is selected as 3 ohm, so that it may which the current value for setting surge pulse subchannel at this time is about 230A.Generally according to using ring
The case where border, the room temperature resistance value for using posive temperature coefficient thermistor as heater element 3 can be at several ohm of zero point to ohms up to a hundred
Between select.
5th step to check when assessment surge pulse passes through minor loop can or can not false triggering heat be detached from, due to surge pulse
Width is very narrow, and the energy that heater element 3 absorbs when surge current 230A is less than one joule, even if assuming the surge of minor loop
Electric current can achieve the limit tolerance value 800A of voltage limiting type element 2, the energy that heater element 3 absorbs also just several joules,
This energy will not make element significantly generate heat, and let alone can melt the low-melting alloy of overheat disconnector.
What is all selected due to piezoresistive element 1 and voltage limiting type element 2 is piezoresistor, from their pulse longevity
For life figure as can be seen that other than electric current tolerance value is different, their figure has the similitude of height, therefore, although only
20 microsecond pulse widths and the surge pulse of 20KA current strength have been selected to calculate allocation proportion, any other pulse width and
The surge pulse of energy intensity also all has the similar energy relations of distribution, it is ensured that voltage limiting type member in practical applications
Part 2 take the lead in deterioration failure and start heat be detached from defencive function.
Package unit is connected on 220 coucher frequency routes, and applies the surge repeated impacts of In=20KA, the 98th punching
Disconnector movement is overheated after hitting, and is cooled to after room temperature the puncture short of test voltage restricted type element 2, and piezoresistive element
1 pressure sensitive voltage value is 670 volts, and variation is little.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the heater element 3 is the resistance of linear feature, linear special
The electric current of the resistance of sign is substantially proportional to voltage, i.e., its characteristic equation is mainly linear homogeneous, and defers to Ohm's law.
The resistance of linear feature can also play the role of following in Thermal protection circuit: first is that metering function, when the voltage limits
After 2 puncture short of type element, the resistance of linear feature can be by the current limit in Thermal protection circuit within safety value, no
It will cause the surge protection circuit short circuit to burn；Second is that heating functioin, the electric current within safety value continues through described in line
Property feature resistance will make it be warming up to make overheat disconnector movement, equally can achieve the purpose of Thermal protection.On reaching
Effect is stated, the current value in Thermal protection circuit is tens milliamperes to dozens of Ann in the case where voltage limiting type 2 short-circuit failure of element
Training is advisable, and the resistance value of the resistance of corresponding linear feature is several kilohms to several ohm.
In the present invention, the resistance of linear feature both includes linear resistance, and also allowing (should containing some non-linear components
Non-linear component is smaller, mainly still embodies Ohm's law feature), but power is required to want sufficiently large, pressure resistance is enough
Height will at least adhere to that failure cannot be damaged before overheating disconnector movement.
Above embodiments are only to illustrate the present invention and not limit the technical scheme described by the invention, although this explanation
The present invention has been described in detail referring to above-mentioned each embodiment for book, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific implementation
Mode, therefore any couple of present invention modifies or equivalent replacement；And the technical side of all spirit and scope for not departing from invention
Case and its improvement, are intended to be within the scope of the claims of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Surge Protector of high safety, which is characterized in that including piezoresistive element (1), voltage limiting type element
(2), heater element (3) and the thermally conductive end of low thermal resistance (4), the heater element (3) are connected with the voltage limiting type element (2)
It is in parallel with piezoresistive element (1) again afterwards, form a single port combinational circuit, wherein piezoresistive element (1) tolerance
The performance of surge impact is higher than the performance of the voltage limiting type element (2) tolerance surge impact, the piezoresistive element (1)
Pressure sensitive voltage value be greater than the voltage limiting type element (2) turn-on voltage；
There is one in two leading-out terminals of the single port combinational circuit for the thermally conductive end of low thermal resistance (4), the low thermal resistance is led
Hot end head (4) is thermally coupled to each other with the heater element (3) or the thermally conductive end of the low thermal resistance (4) and the voltage limiting type
Element (2) is thermally coupled to each other.
2. a kind of Surge Protector of high safety according to claim 1, which is characterized in that set the voltage limiting type
Difference and fever member between the turn-on voltage of element (2) and the pressure sensitive voltage value of the piezoresistive element (1)
The resistance value of part (3) at normal temperature, so that the heater element (3) is not triggered before the voltage limiting type element (2) failure
Heat is detached from.
3. a kind of Surge Protector of high safety according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the voltage limiting type element
(2) maximum continuous work voltage value is greater than network voltage value；
When it is applied to access 220V common frequency power network, the maximum exchange continuous work voltage of the voltage limiting type element (2)
Value is greater than 220V；
Alternatively, when it is applied to access 110V common frequency power network, the maximum exchange continuous work of the voltage limiting type element (2)
Voltage value is greater than 110V；
Alternatively, when it is applied to access 380V common frequency power network, the maximum exchange continuous work of the voltage limiting type element (2)
Voltage value is greater than 380V.
4. a kind of Surge Protector of high safety according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heater element (3) with
The voltage limiting type element (2) is thermally coupled to each other.
5. a kind of Surge Protector of high safety according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the voltage limiting type element
It (2) is piezoresistor, the turn-on voltage is the pressure sensitive voltage value of piezoresistor；Or the voltage limiting type element
It (2) is Transient Suppression Diode, the turn-on voltage is the breakdown voltage value of Transient Suppression Diode；Or the voltage limit
Type element (2) processed is Zener diode, and the turn-on voltage is the voltage of voltage regulation value of Zener diode.
6. a kind of Surge Protector of high safety according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heater element (3) is
Thermosensitive resistor with positive temp coefficient.
7. a kind of Surge Protector of high safety according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heater element (3) is
The resistive element of linear feature.
8. the Surge Protector of -7 any a kind of high safeties according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the varistor
The electrode and a leading-out terminal of the voltage limiting type element (2) are connected on one electrode surface of element (1), it is described
An electrode of the heater element (3), the heater element are connected on another electrode surface of voltage limiting type element (2)
(3) another electrode of the thermally conductive end of low thermal resistance (4) and the piezoresistive element (1) is connected on another electrode surface.
9. a kind of Surge Protector of high safety according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the pressure-sensitive electricity after connection
The remaining surface of resistance element (1), the voltage limiting type element (2), the heater element (3) in addition to two leading-out terminals passes through
Insulating materials is packaged as a whole.
10. a kind of Surge Protector of high safety according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the low-heat will be connected with
The series arm of the voltage limiting type element (2), the heater element (3) of hindering thermally conductive end (4) individually uses insulating materials
Encapsulation, the piezoresistive element (1) are also individually encapsulated with insulating materials, then they are exposed insulating sealed layer with connecting wire
Electrode tip it is in parallel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811293308.4A CN109412132A (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2018-10-30 | A kind of Surge Protector of high safety |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811293308.4A CN109412132A (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2018-10-30 | A kind of Surge Protector of high safety |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109412132A true CN109412132A (en) | 2019-03-01 |
Family
ID=65471092
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811293308.4A Withdrawn CN109412132A (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2018-10-30 | A kind of Surge Protector of high safety |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN109412132A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116247636A (en) * | 2023-02-27 | 2023-06-09 | 深圳市天盾雷电技术有限公司 | High-power multi-pulse surge protector |
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| CN101102042A (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2008-01-09 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A protection device for lightning strike surge protection circuit |
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| CN104617571A (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2015-05-13 | 长沙飞波通信技术有限公司 | Over-voltage over-current protector of electronic and electric equipment |
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| TWI231078B (en) * | 2000-08-29 | 2005-04-11 | Citel | Overvoltage-protection device |
| CN1581626A (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-02-16 | 刘金生 | Anti interference method and device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116247636A (en) * | 2023-02-27 | 2023-06-09 | 深圳市天盾雷电技术有限公司 | High-power multi-pulse surge protector |
| CN116247636B (en) * | 2023-02-27 | 2023-11-14 | 深圳市天盾雷电技术有限公司 | High-power multi-pulse surge protector |
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Application publication date: 20190301 |