CN109406456A - A kind of liquid refractivity analyzer - Google Patents
A kind of liquid refractivity analyzer Download PDFInfo
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- CN109406456A CN109406456A CN201811421682.8A CN201811421682A CN109406456A CN 109406456 A CN109406456 A CN 109406456A CN 201811421682 A CN201811421682 A CN 201811421682A CN 109406456 A CN109406456 A CN 109406456A
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- guide channel
- glass
- glass guide
- pedestal
- interferometer
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000005338 frosted glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006121 base glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002050 diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/45—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of liquid refractivity analyzers, including white light source, frosted glass, glass guide channel, pedestal and Michelson's interferometer；Michelson's interferometer is arranged on the base the present invention, and using by the different glass guide channel of detected liquid injection two pieces volume thickness, the change by being detected liquid light path obtains the refractive index of liquid.The present invention has the advantages that simple structure, low cost, applied widely, measuring method is concise clearly, continuous mode is efficient and convenient and detection data accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to physics facility, especially a kind of liquid refractivity analyzer.
Background technique
Refractive index is to characterize the important optical constant of physical property, and the properties such as concentration, purity, dispersion of substance can be transferred through
Refractive index is reacted.Refractive index is common technic index in food production, and precise measurement refractive index is understanding the structure of matter
In property, industrial production, all have a very important significance.
Refractive index using michelson interferometer measurement thin glass sheet is also one of the content of Experiment of College Physics, still
Think the refractive index of measurement liquid, physics laboratory but can not find corresponding device.It is main to the measurement of liquid refractivity both at home and abroad
It is divided into two classes, the first kind is is geometrical optics approach, such as angle of minimum deviation method, glancing incidence method.Another kind of is wave optics method, such as newton
Around-France, grating Diffraction Method.But above method has some limitations, the measurement range of the method for minimum deviation angle and glancing incidence method
It is limited by Refractive Index of Glass Prism；Newton is around-France when surveying liquid refractivity, and optical path difference increases, and contrast of fringes decline obscures not
Clearly, it is be easy to cause the collimation error, accuracy is lower；The precision of grating Diffraction Method hot spot range measurement limits the essence of refractive index
Degree.Design that a kind of low cost, applied widely, precision is high, refractive index easy to operate and can putting into physics laboratory is surveyed
Determining instrument will seem very required.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is a kind of liquid refractivity analyzer of offer, the present invention will in view of the deficiencies of the prior art
Michelson's interferometer is arranged on the base, using by the different glass guide channel of detected liquid injection two pieces volume thickness, leads to
The change for crossing detected liquid light path obtains the refractive index of liquid.The present invention simple, low cost, the scope of application with structure
Extensively, the concise advantage clear, continuous mode is efficient and convenient and detection data accuracy is high of measuring method.
Realizing the specific technical solution of the object of the invention is:
A kind of liquid refractivity analyzer, feature include white light source, frosted glass, glass guide channel, pedestal and Michelson
Interferometer；
The pedestal is the rectangular plate-like of origin O equipped with rectangular coordinate system, X-axis and Y-axis, on pedestal along X-axis origin O with
A left side is equipped with light source base and frosted glass socket, and X-axis origin O is equipped with the first glass guide channel bracket with the right side, along Y-axis origin O or more on pedestal
Equipped with the second glass guide channel bracket, the second quadrant of rectangular coordinate system is equipped with interferometer support on pedestal；
The glass guide channel is the rectangular vessel equipped with main screen face, and glass guide channel is two pieces, is respectively arranged on the first glass guide channel branch
Frame and and the second glass guide channel bracket in, the setting orthogonal with X-axis and Y-axis respectively of the main screen face of two pieces glass guide channel；
The white light source and frosted glass are respectively arranged on the light source base and frosted glass socket of pedestal；
The Michelson's interferometer is equipped with beam-splitting board G1, compensating plate G2, the first reflecting mirror M1And second reflecting mirror
M2, Michelson's interferometer is in the interferometer support of pedestal.
The main screen face of the two pieces glass guide channel is identical, the length of glass guide channel volume and of same size, volume thickness
It is different.
Michelson's interferometer is arranged on the base the present invention, injects two pieces volume thickness not using by detected liquid
In same glass guide channel, the change by being detected liquid light path obtains the refractive index of liquid.The present invention simple, cost with structure
Cheaply, applied widely, the concise advantage clear, continuous mode is efficient and convenient and detection data accuracy is high of measuring method.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of glass guide channel of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is saline solution refractive index, the relation curve of concentration and theoretical curve comparison chart；
Fig. 4 is sucrose water refractive index, the relation curve of concentration and theoretical curve comparison chart.
Specific embodiment
Refering to fig. 1, the present invention includes white light source 1, frosted glass 2, glass guide channel 3, pedestal 4 and Michelson's interferometer 5；
The pedestal 4 is the rectangular plate-like of origin O equipped with rectangular coordinate system, X-axis and Y-axis, along X-axis origin O on pedestal 4
It is equipped with light source base 11 and frosted glass socket 12 with a left side, X-axis origin O is equipped with the first glass guide channel bracket 13 with the right side, along Y-axis on pedestal 4
Origin O or more is equipped with the second glass guide channel bracket 14, and second quadrant of rectangular coordinate system is equipped with interferometer support 15 on pedestal 4.
Refering to fig. 1, Fig. 2, the glass guide channel 3 are the rectangular vessel equipped with main screen face 31, and glass guide channel 3 is two pieces, respectively
Set on the first glass guide channel bracket 13 and and the second glass guide channel bracket 14 in, the main screen face 31 of two pieces glass guide channel 3 respectively with X-axis and
The orthogonal setting of Y-axis.
Refering to fig. 1, Fig. 2, the white light source 1 and frosted glass 2 are respectively arranged on the light source base 11 and frosted glass socket of pedestal 4
On 12；The Michelson's interferometer 5 is equipped with beam-splitting board G16, compensating plate G27, the first reflecting mirror M18 and second reflecting mirror
M29, Michelson's interferometer 5 is set in the interferometer support 15 of pedestal 4.
Referring to Fig.2, the main screen face 31 of the two pieces glass guide channel 3 is identical, the length of glass guide channel volume and it is of same size,
The thickness of volume is different.
The present invention operates in such a way:
A), the laying of Michelson's interferometer and pedestal:
By the first reflecting mirror M on Michelson's interferometer 51The 8 and second reflecting mirror M29 orthogonal with X-axis and Y-axis respectively set
Set the first glass guide channel bracket 13 and and the outside of the second glass guide channel bracket 14, by beam-splitting board G16 are arranged in the origin O of pedestal 4, will
Compensating plate G27 are arranged in beam-splitting board G16 and second between glass guide channel bracket 14；Finally white light source 1 and frosted glass 2 are set respectively
In on the light source base 11 and frosted glass socket 12 of pedestal 4.
Since 5 equal thick interference fringe visibility of Michelson's interferometer can be reduced as the thickness of liquid increases, test
In, it selects two pieces main screen face 31 identical and volume has thickness difference for Δ d1Flattened rectangular body glass guide channel 3.
B), the measurement of liquid refractivity:
Tested quantity of fluid of the same race is added in two pieces glass guide channel 3；White light source 1 vertically forms measurement light through frosted glass 2
Road enters Michelson's interferometer 5；
It is slow along Y-axis when two pieces glass guide channel 3 is not placed into the first glass guide channel bracket 13 and the second glass guide channel bracket 14
Mobile first reflecting mirror M18, optical path is in beam-splitting board G16 and compensating plate G2Under the action of 7, so that color fringe appears in Michael
The optical screen center of inferior interferometer 5, as the first reflecting mirror M18, the second reflecting mirror M29 are in the position of aplanatism difference；
Then there is the glass guide channel 3 of thickness difference to be individually positioned in the first glass guide channel bracket the two pieces equipped with tested quantity of fluid
13 and second on glass guide channel bracket 14, after glass guide channel 3 is placed, optical path optical screen center color fringe disappearance, at this point, again
The first reflecting mirror M is slowly moved along Y-axis18, until color fringe again appears at optical screen center.The first reflecting mirror M18 is measured to exist
Moving distance during this is Δ l.
The white light that white light source 1 issues is in beam-splitting board G16 are divided into two-beam, and light beam is through beam-splitting board G16 are folded to first instead
Penetrate mirror M18, beam-splitting board G is passed through after reflection16；Second beam light passes through beam-splitting board G16 and compensating plate G27 the second reflecting mirrors of directive
M29, compensating plate G is passed through after reflection27, by beam-splitting board G16 reflections, interfere with light beam.If the light path phase of two-beam
Together, due to the first reflecting mirror M1The 8 and second reflecting mirror M2There are fine differences for 9 angle and 90 °, we are able to observe that uniform thickness
Interference fringe, i.e., above-mentioned color fringe.The volume thickness difference of known glass slot 3 is Δ d1, the refractive index for ordering testing liquid is nx,
The refractive index for taking air is 1, then due to Δ d1The additional optical path difference of bring is 2 (nx-1)Δd1.Pass through mobile first reflecting mirror
M18, to offset this additional light path.First reflecting mirror M18 moving distances are Δ l, then light beam is in the first reflecting mirror of directive
M18 are reflected back beam-splitting board G again1During 6, the knots modification of light path is 2 Δ l.When
2 Δ l=2 (nx-1)Δd1 (1)
Additional light path is cancelled completely, and color fringe occurs again, and the refractive index of testing liquid can be obtained by arranging above formula
In embodiment, by value, Δ d1=0.1mm brings the refractive index calculation formula that formula (2) just obtains embodiment into:
The refractive index n of the liquid can be calculatedx。
Embodiment
A), using the test of the saline solution of various concentration:
Refering to fig. 1, the saline solution that concentration is 61g/L is added in Fig. 3 in two pieces glass guide channel 3.When two pieces glass guide channel 3 not
When being placed into the first glass guide channel bracket 13 and the second glass guide channel bracket 14, the first reflecting mirror M is slowly moved along Y-axis18, make colour
Striped appears in the optical screen center of Michelson's interferometer 5.Then two pieces is equipped with to the glass with thickness difference of tested quantity of fluid
Glass slot 3 is individually positioned on the first glass guide channel bracket 13 and the second glass guide channel bracket 14, color fringe of the optical path in optical screen center
It disappears, at this point, slowly moving the first reflecting mirror M along Y-axis again18, until color fringe again appears at optical screen center.It measures
First reflecting mirror M18 moving distance in the process is 0.03466mm, then the knots modification of light path is respectively 0.06932mm.It will
Data bring following formula into
The refractive index for calculating the saline solution of 61g/L is respectively 1.3466.Measuring concentration respectively with same method is
The saline solution of 120g/L, 180g/L, 240g/L, acquiring refractive index is respectively 1.3574,1.3661,1.3790.Indicate dense with ρ
Degree, experiment curv fitting expression are as follows: nx=1.793 × 10-4ρ+1.336, Linear Quasi are right very high.It is obtained to compare to refer to
Data accuracy, we with Abbe refractometer measure above-mentioned common salt aqueous solution and as theoretical values, are reflected
The theoretical curve function expression of rate and concentration are as follows: nx=1.702 × 10-4ρ+1.333.As can be seen that experiment curv and theory
Curve is very close to the relative error of slope is 5%, and the error of intercept is 0.2%.That is the novel measurement transparent liquid of this experiment
The accuracy of body refractive index is high, cheap, easy to operate.
Use the test of the sucrose water of various concentration:
B), refering to fig. 1, Fig. 4, using same method measure respectively concentration be 42g/L, 72g/L, 103g/L, 132g/L
Sucrose water, measure the moving distance before and after the first reflecting mirror M18 be respectively 0.03435mm, 0.03460mm, 0.03527mm,
0.03574mm, then the knots modification of light path is respectively 0.06870mm, 0.06920mm, 0.07054mm, 0.07148mm.It brings into down
Face formula
Calculating concentration is 42g/L, 72g/L, 103g/L, the refractive index of the sucrose water of 132g/L is respectively 1.3435,
1.3460,1.3527,1.3574.Equally concentration, the fitting expression of experiment curv are as follows: n are indicated with ρx=1.613 × 10-4ρ+
1.336, the Linear Quasi of experiment curv is right higher.Equally the reason of aqueous sucrose solution refractive index and concentration is obtained with Abbe refractometer
By curve representation formula are as follows: nx=1.599 × 10-4ρ+1.333.It can find out that experiment curv is very close with theoretical curve, slope
Relative error is 0.9%, and the error of intercept is 0.17%.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of liquid refractivity analyzer, which is characterized in that it include white light source (1), frosted glass (2), glass guide channel (3),
Pedestal (4) and Michelson's interferometer (5)；
The pedestal (4) is the rectangular plate-like of origin O equipped with rectangular coordinate system, X-axis and Y-axis, along X-axis origin O on pedestal (4)
It is equipped with light source base (11) and frosted glass socket (12) with a left side, X-axis origin O is equipped with the first glass guide channel bracket (13), pedestal (4) with the right side
On along Y-axis origin O or more be equipped with the second glass guide channel bracket (14), the second quadrant of rectangular coordinate system is equipped with dry on pedestal (4)
Interferometer bracket (15)；
The glass guide channel (3) is the rectangular vessel equipped with main screen face (31), and glass guide channel (3) is two pieces, is respectively arranged on the first glass
Glass slot bracket (13) and and the second glass guide channel bracket (14) in, the main screen face (31) of two pieces glass guide channel (3) respectively with X-axis and Y
The orthogonal setting of axis；
The white light source (1) and frosted glass (2) are respectively arranged on the light source base (11) and frosted glass socket (12) of pedestal (4)；
The Michelson's interferometer (5) is equipped with beam-splitting board G1(6), compensating plate G2(7), the first reflecting mirror M1(8) and second
Reflecting mirror M2(9), Michelson's interferometer (5) is set in the interferometer support (15) of pedestal (4).
2. a kind of liquid refractivity analyzer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the two pieces glass guide channel (3)
Main screen face (31) is identical, and the length of glass guide channel volume and of same size, volume thickness are different.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811421682.8A CN109406456A (en) | 2018-11-26 | 2018-11-26 | A kind of liquid refractivity analyzer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811421682.8A CN109406456A (en) | 2018-11-26 | 2018-11-26 | A kind of liquid refractivity analyzer |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111504949A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-07 | 西南大学 | Fluid identification device based on interference method |
| CN114184580A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-15 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | High-precision measurement method for refractive index of glass cylinder |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206431045U (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-08-22 | 梁伟韬 | A kind of device for measuring refractive index of transparent medium |
| CN209296573U (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-08-23 | 华东师范大学 | A kind of liquid refractivity analyzer |
-
2018
- 2018-11-26 CN CN201811421682.8A patent/CN109406456A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206431045U (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-08-22 | 梁伟韬 | A kind of device for measuring refractive index of transparent medium |
| CN209296573U (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-08-23 | 华东师范大学 | A kind of liquid refractivity analyzer |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111504949A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-07 | 西南大学 | Fluid identification device based on interference method |
| CN114184580A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-15 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | High-precision measurement method for refractive index of glass cylinder |
| CN114184580B (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2023-10-03 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | High-precision measuring method for refractive index of glass cylinder |
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Application publication date: 20190301 |