CN109406370A - A kind of tunnel duct piece or country rock lining cutting infiltration coefficient test macro and test method - Google Patents
A kind of tunnel duct piece or country rock lining cutting infiltration coefficient test macro and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109406370A CN109406370A CN201811529917.5A CN201811529917A CN109406370A CN 109406370 A CN109406370 A CN 109406370A CN 201811529917 A CN201811529917 A CN 201811529917A CN 109406370 A CN109406370 A CN 109406370A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- HSMPDPBYAYSOBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N khellin Chemical compound O1C(C)=CC(=O)C2=C1C(OC)=C1OC=CC1=C2OC HSMPDPBYAYSOBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of tunnel duct piece or country rock lining cutting infiltration coefficient test macro and test method, the infiltration coefficient test macro includes air container, valve and test device, air container has air storing cavity and air inlet, air container is equipped with air inlet pipe, and the bottom end of air inlet pipe stretches in air storing cavity, top is stretched to outside air storing cavity；Test device has the gas chamber for receiving air, and test device is connect with air container by valve to receive the gas flowed out out of air storing cavity；The measuring device includes that end has externally threaded support shaft, end to have externally threaded cannulated sleeve, hollow frictionless sleeve and rubber ring；Support shaft is axially successively socketed hollow frictionless sleeve and a rubber ring, and edge is axially arranged with air drain on hollow frictionless sleeve, and test section and seal section are divided on hollow frictionless sleeve, external screw thread is provided between test section and seal section.The present invention uses both ends rubber sealing measuring section, improves measurement accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Geotechnical Engineering, specifically a kind of tunnel duct piece or country rock lining cutting infiltration coefficient test system
System and test method.
Background technique
China, area, mountain area is widely distributed, as freeway net and the railway network are spread out in China, especially
The west area intensive to mountain area constantly extends, and the importance and urgency of Tunnel Engineering development gradually highlight.Tunneling shield pipe
Piece or the infiltration coefficient of country rock lining cutting significantly affect engineering safety.Traditional measurement side of the China for infiltration coefficient
Method, frequently with laboratory test measurement or live degassing method, it is poor that laboratory test measures timeliness, and degassing method is asked there are many
Topic as vacuum pumping method pressure difference is less than 0.1MPa, while vacuumizing measurement there are crin Ken Baige (Klinken-berg
Effect) effect, including two aspects: first, low-velocity seepage characteristic of the gas in blowhole medium is different from liquid, gas
The flow velocity of body molecule is at duct center and cell walls without significant difference；Second, when pressure is extremely low, gas molecule is averaged certainly
Pore size is reached by distance, gas molecule diffusion can not be collided and freely be flown, and view is caused to be permeated due to this
Rate increases.Known to the truer permeability of degassing method measurement permeability it is high, and vacuumize and need to consider the factors such as moisture content, furthermore
In similar osmotic coefficient measurement method, often only the inlet of hole (is only in hole close to tapping on section of jurisdiction or concrete
Rubber ring is installed close to open end in hole, and hole bottom end is not processed) setting rubber ring, lead to end because end is uneven
Measurement data is inaccurate.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the technical issues of present invention intends to solve is to provide a kind of tunnel duct piece or country rock lining
Build infiltration coefficient test macro and test method.The present invention uses the design of both ends rubber sealing measuring section, solves because of end
Tunnel support structure such as shield duct piece caused by uneven and the lower problem of country rock lining cutting gas permeability measurement precision.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
A kind of tunnel duct piece or country rock lining cutting infiltration coefficient test macro, the infiltration coefficient test macro include that gas storage is held
Device, valve and test device, air container have air storing cavity and air inlet, and air container is equipped with air inlet pipe, and air inlet pipe
Bottom end stretch in air storing cavity, top is stretched to outside air storing cavity；Test device has the gas chamber for receiving air, test device
It is connect with air container by valve to receive the gas flowed out out of air storing cavity；It is characterized in that,
The measuring device includes that end has externally threaded support shaft, end to have externally threaded cannulated sleeve, hollow light
Sliding sleeve and rubber ring；Support shaft is axially successively socketed hollow frictionless sleeve and a rubber ring, along axis on hollow frictionless sleeve
To air drain is equipped with, it is divided into test section and seal section on hollow frictionless sleeve, external screw thread is provided between test section and seal section, it is close
Air drain air inlet is reserved in envelope section, and be socketed end to have externally threaded cannulated sleeve, air drain air inlet passes through corresponding tracheae and storage
The gas outlet of gas container connects；The length of hollow frictionless sleeve is less than support shaft, and hollow frictionless sleeve one end cylinder passes through rubber ring
And bolt is fixed to the support shaft together, the other end of hollow frictionless sleeve directly passes through bolt and is fixed to the support shaft together,
The rubber ring two sides are equipped with gasket；It is also socketed with a rubber ring in the outer surface that there is externally threaded cannulated sleeve in end, is covered
End has the rubber ring two sides of externally threaded cannulated sleeve that there are externally threaded cannulated sleeve and sky in end also by gasket, bolt
The sealing of heart frictionless sleeve is fixed.
A kind of tunnel duct piece or country rock lining cutting infiltration coefficient test method, this method use above-mentioned test macro, method
The step of are as follows:
1) measurement hole is preset, bore of constructing on tunnel surrounding or section of jurisdiction, the tolerable test dress of the caliber size
Set entrance；
2) measuring device is put into the measurement hole of step 1) setting by connection air container, valve and measuring device, Gu
Surely live bolt, be filled with dry air or nitrogen at the air drain air inlet of hollow frictionless sleeve, respectively provide 12MPa, 9MPa,
6MPa and 3MPa forced draft；
3) location parameter obtains infiltration coefficient: air container provides different initial gas pressures, and air pressure is in shield duct piece or country rock
It is reduced in lining concrete because of infiltration, observes pressure p and time t curved line relation, and the gas of sample is obtained by Darcy's law
Body infiltration coefficient.
Compared with prior art, the present invention solve because end it is uneven caused by tunnel support structure such as shield duct piece
And the lower problem of country rock lining concrete gas permeability measurement precision, it has the advantage that
1, the measurement accuracy of tunnel duct piece or country rock lining concrete infiltration coefficient can effectively be improved；
2, gas directing system (air container) provides the steady air flow of constant initial gas pressure, is easy to observe, convenient for control and behaviour
Make, repeatedly measures, test result is more acurrate etc..
The compact overall structure of infiltration coefficient test macro of the present invention is complete, and the structure of both ends rubber sealing measuring section can have
Effect improves distance controlling precision, overcomes previous test equipment only in section of jurisdiction or the top of the pre-set hole of concrete
Rubber ring is set, this makes hole end uneven, the problem for causing measured data inaccurate.Gas directing system is convenient for real
The function of existing stable gas pressure output, is easy to observe, conveniently control and operate, keep test result more acurrate.Meanwhile making tunnel duct piece
Or the infiltration coefficient of country rock lining cutting generates more accurately guidance to engineering safety.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that cylinder permeates schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is Intrinsic Permeation coefficient kintWith the reference axis schematic diagram of 1/P；
Fig. 3 is the overall structure diagram of tunnel duct piece of the present invention or country rock lining cutting infiltration coefficient test macro；
Fig. 4 is the stereochemical structure signal of test device in tunnel duct piece of the present invention or country rock lining cutting infiltration coefficient test macro
Figure；
Fig. 5 is that tunnel duct piece of the present invention or country rock lining cutting infiltration coefficient test macro medial end portions have externally threaded solid steel core
9 schematic view of the front view；
It is externally threaded hollow that Fig. 6 (a) is that tunnel duct piece of the present invention or country rock lining cutting infiltration coefficient test macro medial end portions have
The schematic view of the front view of steel bushing 10；
Fig. 6 (b) is the schematic cross-sectional view in the face C-C in Fig. 6 (a)；
Fig. 7 (a) is the master of hollow frictionless sleeve 11 in tunnel duct piece of the present invention or country rock lining cutting infiltration coefficient test macro
Depending on structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 (b) is the schematic cross-sectional view in the face A-A in Fig. 7 (a)；
Fig. 7 (c) is the schematic cross-sectional view in the face B-B in Fig. 7 (a)；
Fig. 8 is the reference axis schematic diagram of pressure and time t；
Fig. 9 is that tunnel duct piece of the present invention or country rock lining cutting infiltration coefficient test macro install test scene schematic diagram；
In figure, 1 air container；2 pressure gauges；3 air storing cavities；4 air inlets；5 valves；6 bolts；7 rubber rings；8 air drains；9 ends
There is externally threaded solid steel core in portion；There are externally threaded hollow steel bushing in 10 ends；11 hollow frictionless sleeves；12 gas outlets；13 survey
Trial assembly is set.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
A kind of tunnel duct piece of the present invention or country rock lining cutting infiltration coefficient test macro (referring to Fig. 3), infiltration coefficient test
System includes air container 1, valve 5 and test device 13, and air container has air storing cavity 3 and an air inlet 4, in air container
Bottom end equipped with air inlet pipe, and air inlet pipe stretches in air storing cavity 3, and top is stretched to outside air storing cavity；Test device has for connecing
The gas chamber of air is received, test device 13 is connect with air container 1 by valve 5 to receive the gas flowed out out of air storing cavity 3；I.e.
The top gas outlet of air storing cavity passes through the air drain part of 5 connecting test device of pipeline and valve；
The measuring device (referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 4) has externally threaded solid steel core 9, end to have externally threaded by end
Hollow steel bushing 10, hollow frictionless sleeve 11, rubber ring 7, bolt, gasket are constituted；It is knot that, which there is externally threaded solid steel core 9 in end,
The trunk of structure, both ends are bolted entire test device；Defining be connected with air container 1 end of side of air drain has outer spiral shell
One end of the solid steel core 9 of line is top, and the other end that there is externally threaded solid steel core 9 in end is bottom end；There is external screw thread in end
Solid steel core 9 it is axial be successively socketed hollow frictionless sleeve 11 and a rubber ring 7, along being axially arranged with gas on hollow frictionless sleeve
Slot 8 is divided into test section and seal section on hollow frictionless sleeve, is provided with external screw thread between test section and seal section, on external screw thread
Clamping rings (referring to Fig. 7 (a)-Fig. 7 (c)) reserves air drain air inlet, and be socketed for connecting hollow steel bushing on seal section
There is externally threaded hollow steel bushing 10 in end, and air drain air inlet is connected by the gas outlet of corresponding tracheae and air container；It is hollow
The length of frictionless sleeve, which is less than end, externally threaded solid steel core, and hollow frictionless sleeve one end cylinder passes through rubber ring 7 and bolt
It being fixed together with solid steel core 9, the other end of hollow frictionless sleeve directly passes through bolt and is fixed together with solid steel core 9,
The rubber ring two sides are equipped with gasket；It is also socketed with a rubber ring 7 in the outer surface that there is externally threaded hollow steel bushing 10 in end,
Cover in end that there are the rubber ring two sides of externally threaded hollow steel bushing 10 also by gasket, bolt to have end externally threaded hollow
Steel bushing 10 and the sealing of hollow frictionless sleeve 11 are fixed.Two rubber rings can be used to closed test section.
The length of heretofore described test section is 30cm, and the length that there is externally threaded hollow steel bushing 10 in end is
55cm；The length of air drain 8 is 91cm, and end has externally threaded solid steel core 9 160cm long；91cm long, the gas of hollow frictionless sleeve 11
The a length of 5cm of slot air inlet；Being connected to end has the rubber ring 7 on externally threaded solid steel core 9 50cm long, the rubber on sleeve 10
The long 40cm of cushion rubber.
It is support shaft that medial end portions of the present invention, which have externally threaded solid steel core 9, and end has externally threaded hollow steel bushing to use
Steel material is made, and guarantees the intensity of device entirety.
Measurement object of the present invention such as section of jurisdiction or country rock lining cutting hole inner wall surface are smooth, and air container provides certain air pressure
Steady air flow, measuring device debug outlet pressure, observe pressure curve and time relationship, and utilize air pressure for measuring air pressure
Penetration surveys infiltration coefficient using smooth surface axial symmetry, is permeated by the gas that Darcy's law (formula 6) obtains sample
Coefficient.Specific calculating process is as follows, according to one-dimensional Darcy's law:
For incompressible fluid, k=kint, kintFor Intrinsic Permeation coefficient, for considering the infiltration of Klingberg effect
During coefficient calculates, formula (1) is i.e.
I.e.Wherein
Above-mentioned formula is that existing formula (comes from Identification of residual gas-transport
properties of concrete subjected to high temperatures,Matthias Zeiml,Cement
Concrete Research).Wherein, kintFor Intrinsic Permeation coefficient, b is Klingberg coefficient, and k is porous media permeability, Q
For flow, p is air pressure, and A is cross-sectional area, and η is gas viscosity,It is barometric gradient, unit Pa/m.
Present invention aims at solve kint, it is currently known except kint, all parameters other than b, and kintIt is related with pressure, lead to
It crosses and measures multiple and different atmospheric pressure values, b and k similar in multiple groups can be acquiredint, section of jurisdiction or country rock lining cutting are obtained eventually by average value
Concrete filtration coefficient kint.Calculating process is drawn in a figure above (referring to fig. 2) for that will measure institute's value, and ordinate indicates
kint, it is exponentially distributed, abscissa is 1/p, which is usually the line fitted, this sampled images and axis of ordinates kintHave
Intersection point, finally using the intersection point as real Intrinsic Permeation coefficient, end value takes multiple measurement average values.
Using above-mentioned infiltration coefficient test macro, according to tunneling shield section of jurisdiction in underground engineering or the structure shape of country rock lining cutting
Formula utilizes drilling (hole here is pre-set measurement hole in object to be tested) shape afterwards by air pressure permeability test method
At hydraulically smooth surface, test circumferential permeance property, determine Khellinum's coefficient under infiltration coefficient and different air pressure conditions
(Klinkenberg factor)。
The present invention also protects a kind of tunnel duct piece or country rock lining cutting infiltration coefficient test method, and this method uses above-mentioned survey
The step of test system, method are as follows:
1) measurement hole is preset, bore of constructing on tunnel surrounding or section of jurisdiction (is not less than 30cm), the caliber size
Tolerable test device enters；
2) measuring device 13 is put into the measured hole of step 1) setting by connection air container 1, valve 5 and measuring device 13
In hole, bolt 6 is fixed, dry air or nitrogen is filled at the air drain air inlet of hollow frictionless sleeve 11, provides respectively
12MPa, 9MPa, 6MPa and 3MPa forced draft；
3) location parameter obtains infiltration coefficient: air container 1 provides different initial gas pressures, and air pressure is in shield duct piece or encloses
It is reduced in rock lining concrete because of infiltration, observes pressure p and time t curve (referring to Fig. 8) relationship, and obtain by Darcy's law
To the gas permeability coefficient of sample.
Certain mountain tunnel, is constructed using New Austrian Tunneling Method, full to 28 day curing cycle after having poured two linings, to obtain tunnel lining
Infiltration coefficient is built, on-site test is carried out using system and method for the present invention, as shown in Figure 9.It drills first in every width lining cutting,
Different air pressures are chosen using test device and carry out test, gas permeability coefficient is finally obtained according to multiple groups test result, and gas seeps
The acquisition of saturating coefficient is to tunnel durability analysis, the anti-Analysis of Burst of fire-resistance and judges Chloride Attack process with significant meaning
Justice.
The present invention uses the closed measuring section of double-faced rubber, so that having, the gas of pressure is fully penetrated in material of measuring and monitoring the growth of standing timber,
By observing the relationship of pressure curve and time, the gas permeability coefficient of sample is obtained by Darcy's law, so that measurement result
It is more accurate.
The present invention does not address place and is suitable for the prior art.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of tunnel duct piece or country rock lining cutting infiltration coefficient test macro, the infiltration coefficient test macro include air container,
Valve and test device, air container have air storing cavity and air inlet, and air container is equipped with air inlet pipe, and the bottom of air inlet pipe
End stretches in air storing cavity, and top is stretched to outside air storing cavity；Test device has the gas chamber for receiving air, test device and storage
Gas container is connected by valve to receive the gas flowed out out of air storing cavity；It is characterized in that,
The measuring device includes that end has externally threaded support shaft, end to have externally threaded cannulated sleeve, hollow smooth set
Cylinder and rubber ring；Support shaft is axially successively socketed hollow frictionless sleeve and a rubber ring, sets on hollow frictionless sleeve along axial direction
There is air drain, test section and seal section are divided on hollow frictionless sleeve, external screw thread, seal section are provided between test section and seal section
On reserve air drain air inlet, and be socketed end and have an externally threaded cannulated sleeve, air drain air inlet passes through corresponding tracheae and gas storage is held
The gas outlet of device connects；The length of hollow frictionless sleeve is less than support shaft, and hollow frictionless sleeve one end cylinder passes through rubber ring and spiral shell
Bolt is fixed to the support shaft together, and the other end of hollow frictionless sleeve directly passes through bolt and is fixed to the support shaft together, the rubber
Cushion rubber two sides are equipped with gasket；It is also socketed with a rubber ring in the outer surface that there is externally threaded cannulated sleeve in end, is covered in end
There are the rubber ring two sides of externally threaded cannulated sleeve that there are externally threaded cannulated sleeve and hollow light in end also by gasket, bolt
Sliding sleeve sealing is fixed.
2. tunnel duct piece according to claim 1 or country rock lining cutting infiltration coefficient test macro, it is characterised in that the survey
The length for trying section is 30cm, and the length that there is externally threaded cannulated sleeve in end is 55cm；The length of air drain is 91cm, supports axial length
160cm；The a length of 5cm of air drain air inlet；The long 50cm of the rubber ring being connected in support shaft.
3. tunnel duct piece according to claim 1 or country rock lining cutting infiltration coefficient test macro, which is characterized in that the branch
Support axis is solid steel core, and cannulated sleeve is made of Steel material.
4. a kind of tunnel duct piece or country rock lining cutting infiltration coefficient test method, this method is any described using claim 1-3
The step of test macro, method are as follows:
1) preset measurement hole, bore of constructing on tunnel surrounding or section of jurisdiction, the caliber size may be allowed test device into
Enter；
2) measuring device is put into the measurement hole of step 1) setting, fixes by connection air container, valve and measuring device
Bolt is filled with dry air or nitrogen at the air drain air inlet of hollow frictionless sleeve, respectively provide 12MPa, 9MPa, 6MPa and
3MPa forced draft；
3) location parameter obtains infiltration coefficient: air container provides different initial gas pressures, and air pressure is in shield duct piece or country rock lining cutting
It is reduced in concrete because of infiltration, observes pressure p and time t curved line relation, and seep by the gas that Darcy's law obtains sample
Saturating coefficient.
5. test method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the diameter for bore of constructing is not less than 30cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811529917.5A CN109406370B (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Tunnel segment or surrounding rock lining permeability coefficient testing system and testing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811529917.5A CN109406370B (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Tunnel segment or surrounding rock lining permeability coefficient testing system and testing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109406370A true CN109406370A (en) | 2019-03-01 |
| CN109406370B CN109406370B (en) | 2023-11-24 |
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ID=65459100
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111551381A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-18 | 厦门理工学院 | Method and system for analyzing water leakage of tunnel |
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2018
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111551381A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-18 | 厦门理工学院 | Method and system for analyzing water leakage of tunnel |
| CN111551381B (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2022-09-27 | 厦门理工学院 | Method and system for analyzing water leakage of tunnel |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109406370B (en) | 2023-11-24 |
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