CN110487988A - A kind of air pressure-loading type one-dimensional consolidation infiltration joint test device - Google Patents
A kind of air pressure-loading type one-dimensional consolidation infiltration joint test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110487988A CN110487988A CN201910757139.3A CN201910757139A CN110487988A CN 110487988 A CN110487988 A CN 110487988A CN 201910757139 A CN201910757139 A CN 201910757139A CN 110487988 A CN110487988 A CN 110487988A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of air pressure-loading type one-dimensional consolidation infiltration joint test device, including agent set and auxiliary device.Agent set includes top cover, pedestal, the ring-like body of lateral confinement sample, permeable stone, air pressure-loading duct, load piston.Air pressure is injected using high pressure gas cylinder, piston is made to move down compression sample, the vertical deformation of sample is recorded by Linear displacement transducer until stabilization.Meanwhile fluid pressure-fixing fabric structure device injects liquid and record injected slurry volume into sample, and records to outflow liquid quality, to obtain the fluid flow and calculation permeability coefficient under the seepage flow gradient.The pore pressure and moisture distribution of lower sample axial direction are acted on by pore pressure and humidity sensor record osmotic pressure.After flow, humidity and pore pressure value to be infiltrated are stablized, applies next stage load, carry on permeability test.And so on, the sample deformation data under loads at different levels are finally obtained, the coefficient of consolidation of sample is calculated, and finally obtain the fluid structurecoupling characteristic of soil sample.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental geotechnical technical fields, and in particular, to a kind of air pressure-loading type one-dimensional consolidation infiltration
Joint test device.
Background technique
The accelerated development of Urbanization in China brings large-scale infrastructure construction and city geological problems, and wherein
It is the important foundation sex work of urban planning, construction, operation and management for the research of rock mechanical-seepage flow coupled characteristic,
It is also the critical issue of the novel urbanization strategy deployment in China.Soil body fluid structurecoupling characteristic is referred to due to the unique pine of the soil body
Porous structure is dissipated, excess pore water pressure will be generated first under load action, subsequent pore water slowly flows out, pore water pressure
It reduces.Meanwhile the effective stress in the soil body incrementally increases, volume gradually reduces.Finally, excess pore water pressure gradually dissipates directly
To completely disappearing, and deforms and then reach stable.Therefore, the coefficient of consolidation (C of the soil body under mechanical function is obtainedv) and seepage effect
Under infiltration coefficient (kv) between relationship, be the critical issue for understanding soil body fluid structurecoupling characteristic in depth.
However, the development of consolidation test and permeability test is two pieces of relatively independent contents in traditional indoor test.
Although, can not be anti-by traditional high-pressure consolidation apparatus and lysimeter it will be seen that the consolidation characteristics and seepage characteristic of the soil body
Reflect coupled characteristic between the two.Earthwork test Instrument manufacturer traditional at present, such as Nanjing Soil Apparatus Factory, Shangyu city exploration geotechnique
Instrument plant, without the relevant device for being suitable for the teaching of soil body fluid structurecoupling characteristic and scientific research.
Therefore, a kind of research and development of air pressure-loading type one-dimensional consolidation infiltration joint test device are being tested related discipline is cleared away
Blind spot in teaching solves the problems, such as the testing and verification of soil mechanics theory, promotes the test and theory of relevant speciality in the field
Teaching level.
Summary of the invention
A kind of air pressure-loading type one-dimensional consolidation infiltration joint has been invented the purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problem
Test device.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions.
The present invention provides a kind of air pressure-loading type one-dimensional consolidations to permeate joint test device, including agent set and auxiliary
Device, which is characterized in that the agent set includes top cover, the ring-like body of lateral confinement sample, pedestal, stainless steel permeable stone, load work
Plug；
The top cover and pedestal are made of one big coaxial clyinder with a small bore coaxial cable threaded cylindrical, wherein small same
The height of axle thread cylinder is h1, diameter R1；The non-contact face of small bore coaxial cable threaded cylindrical and big coaxial clyinder is denoted as down
The non-contact face of big coaxial clyinder and small bore coaxial cable threaded cylindrical is denoted as upper bottom surface by bottom surface；The bottom surface of the top cover with it is upper
Bottom surface be provided with vertically through air pressure-loading duct and seepage flow inlet duct, the seepage flow inlet duct by hose one end with it is auxiliary
The three-way ball valve helped in device connects, and the other end penetrates load piston and communicates with sample；The bottom surface center of the pedestal
The seepage exit duct interconnected is provided with the external wall of big concentric cylinder of pedestal；The ring-like body of lateral confinement sample is
Heart cylindrical body is highly h, and internal diameter is identical as the small bore coaxial cable threaded cylindrical diameter of top cover and pedestal, and inner wall is up and down away from port
Height is screw thread for h1 sections, and the minor thread cylindrical body of top cover and pedestal is screwed into the ring-like body of lateral confinement sample from upper and lower both direction
It is interior, closed test cavity is formed, load piston is mounted in test cavity, on the bottom surface of load piston and the bottom surface of pedestal
A piece of stainless steel permeable stone is respectively inlayed, the sample is clamped between two stainless steel permeable stones；The load piston
Upper bottom surface is equipped with Linear displacement transducer, and multiple sensor for pore water pressure and multiple humidity sensors are equipped in the test cavity
Device；
The auxiliary device includes high pressure gas cylinder, stainless-steel pipe, pressure reducing valve, two-way valve, fluid pressure-volume control
Device, water tank and three-way ball valve processed.One end of stainless-steel pipe is connected with high pressure gas cylinder, and the other end passes through pressure reducing valve and two-way ball
Valve is connect with air pressure-loading duct；The main channel of three-way ball valve is connect with fluid pressure-fixing fabric structure device, in addition the one of two channels
End is connected with water tank, and the other end is connect with seepage flow inlet channels.
Preferably, it is described load piston height be h2, diameter R2, h2 < h-2h1, R2=R1- △ r, wherein gap
△ r is 0.5-1mm.
Preferably, safety valve is installed on the top cover.
Preferably, when test, the Linear displacement transducer probe into test cavity is pasted on load piston face.
Preferably, in multiple sensor for pore water pressure and the uniformly distributed test cavity of multiple humidity sensors, pore pressure sensing
The probe of device is close to sample outer surface, and the probe of humidity sensor injects sample (12) 3-5mm.
Preferably, it is inlaid on the big coaxial clyinder of the top cover and pedestal and the ring-like contact level of lateral confinement sample close
Seal.
Preferably, it is low to be all made of 316L for pressure reducing valve, two-way valve, three-way ball valve, top cover, the ring-like body of lateral confinement sample and pedestal
Carbon stainless steel production.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) testing apparatus can apply mechanics and seepage boundary, Deformation Monitoring and flow simultaneously, realize consolidation-seepage tests
Integration.It can be by obtaining its fluid structurecoupling characteristic of the coefficient of consolidation-infiltration coefficient relationship analysis in real time.
2) by laying deformation, pore pressure and humidity sensor, it can achieve the process monitoring under consolidation-seepage flow coupling
With Parameter analysis purpose.
3) experimental rig has been simplified using air pressure-loading mode, while it is maximum using counterweight load to breach traditional consolidation apparatus
Pressure is only capable of reaching the limitation of 1.6MPa, also avoids manual operation error present in counterweight loading procedure.
4) this test device structure is simple, multiple functional, and it is convenient to operate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is general illustration of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of the structure of test device；
Fig. 3 is the top cover schematic diagram of test device；
Fig. 4 is the lateral confinement proving ring schematic diagram of test device；
Fig. 5 is the base schematic diagram of test device；
1, high pressure gas cylinder；2, stainless-steel pipe；3, pressure reducing valve；4, two-way valve；5, fluid pressure-fixing fabric structure device；6,
Sink；7, three-way ball valve；8, top cover；9, the ring-like body of lateral confinement sample；10, pedestal；11, test cavity；12, sample；13, stainless steel is saturating
Water stone；14, bottom surface；15, piston is loaded；16, upper bottom surface；17, air pressure-loading duct；18, seepage flow inlet channels；19, seepage flow
Outlet duct；20, Linear displacement transducer；21, safety valve；22, sealing ring；23, sensor for pore water pressure；24, humidity sensor.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing 1- Fig. 5.
By Fig. 1-Fig. 5 as it can be seen that the present invention provides a kind of air pressure-loading type one-dimensional consolidations to permeate joint test device, including
Agent set and auxiliary device.The agent set includes top cover 8, the ring-like body 9 of lateral confinement sample, pedestal 10, stainless steel permeable stone
13, piston 15 is loaded；
The top cover 8 and pedestal 10 are made of one big coaxial clyinder with a small bore coaxial cable threaded cylindrical, wherein small
The height of coaxial threaded cylinder is h1, diameter R1.Small bore coaxial cable threaded cylindrical and the non-contact face of big coaxial clyinder are denoted as
The non-contact face of big coaxial clyinder and small bore coaxial cable threaded cylindrical is denoted as upper bottom surface 16 by bottom surface 14.
The bottom surface 14 of the top cover 8 and upper bottom surface 16 be provided with vertically through air pressure-loading duct 17 and seepage flow inlet tube
Road 18, the seepage flow inlet duct 18 are connect by hose one end with the three-way ball valve 7 in auxiliary device, and the other end penetrates load
Piston 15 is communicated with sample 12.14 center of bottom surface of the pedestal 10 and the external wall of big concentric cylinder of pedestal 10 are provided with
The seepage exit duct 19 interconnected.
The ring-like body 9 of the lateral confinement sample is a hollow cylinder, is highly h, internal diameter and top cover 8 and pedestal 10 it is small
Coaxial threaded column diameter is identical, and it is screw thread that inner wall, which is up and down at h1 away from port height, by the small spiral shell of top cover 8 and pedestal 10
Line cylindrical body is screwed into the ring-like body 9 of lateral confinement sample from upper and lower both direction, forms closed test cavity 11.Piston 15 is loaded to install
In test cavity 11, a piece of stainless steel permeable stone is respectively inlayed on the bottom surface of load piston 15 and the bottom surface 14 of pedestal 10
13, the sample 12 is clamped between two stainless steel permeable stones 13.
Sealing is inlaid on the big coaxial clyinder and ring-like 9 contact surface of body of lateral confinement sample of the top cover 8 and pedestal 10
Circle 22.It is described load piston 15 height be h2, diameter R2, h2 < h-2h1, R2=R1- △ r, wherein gap △ r be 0.5-
1mm.Safety valve 21 is installed on the top cover 8.In the present embodiment, 21 model G1/8-304 stainless steel high temperature of safety valve
High-pressure safety valve, 1-14MPa are adjustable.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the big coaxial clyinder diameter of top cover 8 and pedestal 10 be respectively 100mm and
150mm, small bore coaxial cable threaded cylindrical diameter is 50mm, and high h1 is 30mm.The diameter of stainless steel permeable stone 13 is 49 ±
0.5mm, thick 0.3mm, and pore size is 55 μm, error is less than 5.0 μm.Load piston 15 be it is cylindric, diameter R2 is
49.5mm, height h2 are 2mm.The internal diameter R1 of the ring-like body 9 of lateral confinement sample is 50mm, and outer diameter 100mm, high h are 200mm.
The upper bottom surface of the load piston 15 is equipped with Linear displacement transducer 20, when test, into the line of test cavity 11
Property displacement sensor 20 probe be pasted on load piston face 15.In the present embodiment, the model of Linear displacement transducer 20
LD620-5 Linear displacement transducer, displacement range are ± 5mm.
Multiple sensor for pore water pressure 23 and multiple humidity sensors 24 are installed in the test cavity 11.Multiple pore pressure sensings
In device 23 and the uniformly distributed test cavity 11 of multiple humidity sensors 24, the probe of sensor for pore water pressure 23 and 12 outer surface of sample are tight
Patch, the length that the probe of humidity sensor 24 injects sample 12 is 3-5mm.In the present embodiment, sensor for pore water pressure 23, pressure measurement
Range 0.001-10MPa；24 model ZZ-S-GTH-C type soil humidity sensor of humidity sensor；
The auxiliary device includes high pressure gas cylinder 1, stainless-steel pipe 2, pressure reducing valve 3, two-way valve 4, fluid pressure-body
Plot controller 5, water tank 6 and three-way ball valve 7.One end of stainless-steel pipe 2 is connected with high pressure gas cylinder 1, and the other end passes through decompression
Valve 3 and two-way valve 4 are connect with air pressure-loading duct 17；The main channel of three-way ball valve 7 and fluid pressure-fixing fabric structure device 5 connect
It connects, in addition the one end in two channels is connected with water tank 6, and the other end is connect with seepage flow inlet channels 18.In the present embodiment, high pressure gas
Bottle 1 can provide the injection air pressure of 0-10MPa, and fluid pressure-fixing fabric structure device 5 can provide the injection fluid pressure of 0-1MPa.
It is adopted in the pressure reducing valve 3, two-way valve 4, three-way ball valve 7, top cover 8, the ring-like body 9 of lateral confinement sample and pedestal 10
It is made of 316L low carbon stainless steel.
In the present embodiment, column load 15 side of piston is inlaid with sealing ring 22 and the ring-like body 9 of lateral confinement sample closely patch
It closes；One end that seepage flow inlet duct 18 enters test cavity 11 extends vertically through load piston 15, and pours with load piston 15 and build up one
It is whole.The length that seepage flow inlet duct 18 enters test cavity 11 is denoted as h3, the height of sample 12 is denoted as h4, and h3+h4+2h1-
H >=5mm, to avoid in test, seepage flow inlet duct 18 is broken in the compression of sample 12.In the present embodiment, 12 size of sample half
Diameter is 50mm, and high h4 is 100mm；The bottom surface 14 for remembering pedestal 10 is sample datum mark, is highly 0mm, is highly being respectively
Sensor for pore water pressure 23 and humidity sensor 24 are laid respectively in the ring-like body 9 of the lateral confinement sample of 30mm, 60mm, 90mm.
The operation that the present invention is embodied includes:
Compacting sample 12: powdered soil sample is packed into the mold that the ring-like body 9 of lateral confinement sample and pedestal 10 form, is passed through
Static compaction method is pressed into diameter 50mm, the cylindric sample of height 100mm.
Instrument installation: according to shown in Fig. 1, stainless steel permeable stone 13 is put on 12 top of sample, sealing will be then installed
The load piston 15 of circle 22 and seepage flow inlet channels 18 is tightly attached to 13 top of stainless steel permeable stone, and by Linear displacement transducer
20 probe is pasted on load 15 top of piston；Then, the top cover 8 for installing air pressure-loading duct 17 and safety valve 21 is screwed into side
Limit the ring-like body 9 of sample；Finally auxiliary device is connected with main body, and high pressure gas cylinder 1 before guarantee test, pressure reducing valve 3, two-way
Ball valve 4 and three-way ball valve 7 are in an off state.
Start to test: opening high pressure gas cylinder 1 and switch, the load P for arriving experimental design is adjusted by pressure reducing valve 3；It adjusts simultaneously
Three-way ball valve 7 makes fluid pressure-pipeline between fixing fabric structure device 5 and sink 6 be connected to, and be filled water, then adjusts three-way ball
Valve 7 makes fluid pressure-fixing fabric structure device 5 keep being connected to seepage flow inlet channels 18.Two-way valve 4 is opened, air pressure adds along air pressure
It carries duct 17 to be applied on load piston 15, subsequent piston moves down compression sample 12, remembers by Linear displacement transducer 20
The vertical deformation of sample is recorded until stabilization.Adjusting fluid pressure-fixing fabric structure device 5 simultaneously makes liquid through seepage flow inlet tube 18,
Liquid is injected into sample 12, injected slurry volume is recorded by fluid pressure-fixing fabric structure device in real time, while to seepage exit pipe 19
Middle trickle quality is recorded, to obtain the fluid flow and calculation permeability coefficient (k under the seepage flow gradientv).It utilizes
Sensor for pore water pressure 23, humidity sensor 24 record osmotic pressure and act on lower sample 12 axial pore pressure and moisture distribution.Stream to be infiltrated
After amount, humidity and pore pressure value are stablized, applies next stage load, carry on permeability test after stabilization to be deformed.And so on, most
The sample deformation data under loads at different levels are obtained eventually, and the coefficient of consolidation (C of sample is calculatedv).Summarize the coefficient of consolidation-infiltration system
Number relationship and pore pressure/moisture map data, the final fluid structurecoupling characteristic for obtaining soil sample.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of air pressure-loading type one-dimensional consolidation permeates joint test device, including agent set and auxiliary device, feature exist
In the agent set includes top cover (8), the ring-like body of lateral confinement sample (9), pedestal (10), stainless steel permeable stone (13), load work
It fills in (15)；
The top cover (8) and pedestal (10) are made of one big coaxial clyinder with a small bore coaxial cable threaded cylindrical, wherein small
The height of coaxial threaded cylinder is h1, diameter R1；Small bore coaxial cable threaded cylindrical and the non-contact face of big coaxial clyinder are denoted as
The non-contact face of big coaxial clyinder and small bore coaxial cable threaded cylindrical is denoted as upper bottom surface (16) by bottom surface (14)；The top cover (8)
Bottom surface (14) and upper bottom surface (16) be provided with vertically through air pressure-loading duct (17) and seepage flow inlet duct (18), it is described
Seepage flow inlet duct (18) is connect by hose one end with the three-way ball valve (7) in auxiliary device, and the other end penetrates load piston
(15) it is communicated with sample (12)；Bottom surface (14) center of the pedestal (10) and the big concentric cylinder of pedestal (10) are external
Wall is provided with the seepage exit duct (19) interconnected；The ring-like body of lateral confinement sample (9) is a hollow cylinder, is highly
H, internal diameter is identical as the small bore coaxial cable threaded cylindrical diameter of top cover (8) and pedestal (10), and inner wall is up and down h1 away from port height
The minor thread cylindrical body of top cover (8) and pedestal (10) is screwed into the ring-like body of lateral confinement sample from upper and lower both direction by Duan Junwei screw thread
(9) it in, is formed closed test cavity (11), load piston (15) is mounted in test cavity (11), in the case where loading piston (15)
A piece of stainless steel permeable stone (13) is respectively inlayed on the bottom surface (14) of bottom surface and pedestal (10), the sample (12) is clamped in
Between two stainless steel permeable stones (13)；The upper bottom surface of load piston (15) is equipped with Linear displacement transducer (20), institute
Multiple sensor for pore water pressure (23) and multiple humidity sensors (24) are installed in the test cavity (11) stated；
The auxiliary device includes high pressure gas cylinder (1), stainless-steel pipe (2), pressure reducing valve (3), two-way valve (4), liquid pressure
Power-fixing fabric structure device (5), water tank (6) and three-way ball valve (7)；One end of stainless-steel pipe (2) is connected with high pressure gas cylinder (1),
The other end is connect by pressure reducing valve (3) and two-way valve (4) with air pressure-loading duct (17)；The main channel of three-way ball valve (7) with
Fluid pressure-fixing fabric structure device (5) connection, in addition the one end in two channels is connected with water tank (6), the other end and seepage flow inlet channels
(18) it connects.
2. a kind of air pressure-loading type one-dimensional consolidation according to claim 1 permeates joint test device, which is characterized in that institute
State load piston (15) height be h2, diameter R2, h2 < h-2h1, R2=R1- △ r, wherein gap △ r be 0.5-1mm.
3. a kind of air pressure-loading type one-dimensional consolidation according to claim 1 permeates joint test device, which is characterized in that institute
Safety valve (21) are installed on the top cover (8) stated.
4. a kind of air pressure-loading type one-dimensional consolidation according to claim 1 permeates joint test device, which is characterized in that survey
When examination, the probe into the Linear displacement transducer (20) of test cavity (11) is pasted on load piston face (15).
5. a kind of air pressure-loading type one-dimensional consolidation according to claim 1 permeates joint test device, which is characterized in that institute
In the multiple sensor for pore water pressure (23) and multiple humidity sensors (24) uniformly distributed test cavity (11) stated, sensor for pore water pressure (23)
Probe be close to sample (12) outer surface, the probe of humidity sensor (24) injects sample (12) 3-5mm.
6. a kind of air pressure-loading type one-dimensional consolidation according to claim 1 permeates joint test device, which is characterized in that institute
Sealing ring is inlaid on the big coaxial clyinder of top cover (8) and pedestal (10) and the contact surface of the ring-like body of lateral confinement sample (9) stated
(22)。
7. a kind of air pressure-loading type one-dimensional consolidation according to claim 1 permeates joint test device, which is characterized in that subtract
Pressure valve (3), two-way valve (4), three-way ball valve (7), top cover (8), the ring-like body of lateral confinement sample (9) and pedestal (10) are all made of 316L
Low carbon stainless steel production.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111413263A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-07-14 | 西安理工大学 | Three-axis instrument for jointly measuring unsaturated soil water and gas movement |
| CN112284992A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2021-01-29 | 合肥工业大学 | Device and method for monitoring soil body mechanical response whole process in gas permeation process |
| CN113916744A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-01-11 | 中南大学 | Method and system for testing permeability coefficient of foam soil under total stress |
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