CN109397474A - The construction method and refrigerating plant of construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure - Google Patents
The construction method and refrigerating plant of construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109397474A CN109397474A CN201811188150.4A CN201811188150A CN109397474A CN 109397474 A CN109397474 A CN 109397474A CN 201811188150 A CN201811188150 A CN 201811188150A CN 109397474 A CN109397474 A CN 109397474A
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- microcosmic
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- cement
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- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid group Chemical group C(CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC(=O)O)(=O)O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011401 Portland-fly ash cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011402 Portland pozzolan cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004106 citric acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamic acid Chemical compound NS(O)(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001367 tartaric acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008030 superplasticizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfonatopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].COC1=CC=CC(CC(CS([O-])(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007974 melamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005439 thermosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B15/00—General arrangement or layout of plant ; Industrial outlines or plant installations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/14—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/245—Curing concrete articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
Abstract
The present invention relates to building engineering field, the construction method and refrigerating plant of specially a kind of construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure.The construction method mainly comprise the steps that build pouring frame, slurry preparation and stirring, slurry pours and freeze, green body conserve, the construction method can directly apply to the construction material of poured-in-place, obtained construction material is microcosmic upper with orienting stephanoporate structure, and duct is along freezing direction preferential arrangement when preparing, make construction material that there are the excellent properties such as lightweight, specific strength and specific stiffness height, insulation, sound insulation and noise reduction, especially along duct direction with good permeable, permeability and mechanical property.The refrigerating plant includes: shell, heat insulation layer, handle, sealing cover, cooling contact surface, gas vent, opening, its operating method is simple, it is easy to carry, cooling effectively can be oriented to the slurry of construction material, be highly suitable for the work progress of building engineering field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building engineering field, the construction of specially a kind of construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure
Method and refrigerating plant.
Background technique
With the development of China's economic society and urban-rural integration process, the engineering of high stratification, enlargement and modernization is built
It builds and gradually rises, the construction materials such as cement, concrete are widely used in the fields such as civil construction, hydraulic engineering, road surfacing,
Not only raw material sources are extensive for it, and construction method is simple, and can obtain meeting daily use demand more after forming hardening
Excellent mechanical property.However, the cement and concrete of existing poured-in-place are usually all more closely knit, a large amount of raw material is consumed
And the energy, and insulation and sound insulation and noise reduction effect are poor, while lacking water penetration and anti crack performance, thus be difficult to effectively slow
The problems such as urban pavement ponding, level of ground water decline, tropical island effect are solved, building engineering field energy-saving and emission-reduction are not met yet
It is required that.In addition, the building structure such as large-scale cement and concrete are since volume is relatively large, sectional dimension is relatively thick, cement water
The thermal stress for changing thermal process generation easily causes large scale structure and deforms, serious that it can be made to occur more than maximum allowable width
The crackle of value to cause biggish security risk, while also increasing difficulty of construction.
Construction material (such as: foamed cement, honeycomb concrete) with porous structure can show certain heat preservation
Heat-insulated and sound insulation and noise reduction effect, while its water penetration and anti crack performance can also be improved compared to close material, from
And effective approach is provided in order to solve the above problem.However, the microstructure and properties of existing porous construction material are all more
It is single, it is difficult to take into account the excellent properties such as lightweight, permeable, heat preservation, sound insulation, anticracking well.Especially since microcosmic upper material
Cavernous structure has the characteristics that mixed and disorderly unordered and isotropism, and the distribution in hole and orientation have randomness and continuity is poor,
Therefore the performance advantage of conventional porous construction material can not concentrate on practical application direction preferably being played, and it is protected
Temperature, sound insulation and water permeability are unsatisfactory, need to be further increased.Meanwhile for construction angle, cement, coagulation are utilized
Although soil etc., which directly pours, carries out good integrity degree of the building engineering construction with simple process and building element, intensity and hardness
The advantages that higher, but existing work progress is formed using directly hardening after the construction materials pouring moldings such as cement, concrete
Building element it is often excessively closely knit, porosity is too low, even for the higher building of porosity obtained using foaming technique
The characteristics of component, the cavernous structure contained is also difficult to be effectively controlled, shows unordered, isotropism and poor continuity,
Thus heat preservation, sound insulation and water permeability are again by larger limitation.In addition, although traditional foam with heat preservation and soundproof effect
Brick, honeycombed cement etc. can be used for constructing the engineering constructions such as wall or road surface, but be difficult to directly apply to its manufacture craft just
Ground pours and constructs to obtain the wall of lightweight, heat preservation, anticracking, sound insulation, road surface and other building elements, and utilizes porous water
Mud and foamed brick building building element often embody the mechanical properties such as the performances such as lightweight, heat preservation, sound insulation and intensity, rigidity without
The limitation that method is effectively taken into account.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the construction methods of a kind of construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure and cold
Freeze device, this method can directly apply to the construction material of poured-in-place, cement, concrete, the stone obtained using this method
The construction materials such as cream are microcosmic upper with orienting stephanoporate structure, and duct is along freezing direction preferential arrangement when preparing.
To achieve the goals above, technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A kind of construction method of the construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure, this method is to the construction material poured
Slurry is oriented freezing, and cement, concrete or the gypsum building material obtained using this method is microcosmic upper with orienting stephanoporate
Structure, porosity are 4%~75%, and aperture is 0.3 μm~600 μm, and duct is along freezing direction preferential arrangement when constructing.
The construction method of the construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure, specifically includes the following steps:
1) it builds pouring frame: the construction material with the design of appropriate size, shape and structure is built according to construction demand
The pouring frame of slurry keeps the freezing direction of slurry consistent with the microcosmic duct direction wanted；
2) slurry preparation and stirring: according to required proportion by the raw material of cement, concrete or gypsum building material and water,
Additive is mixed and stirred for uniformly；
3) slurry is poured and is freezed: after the slurry being uniformly mixed to be poured to the frame put up in advance and vibration compacting,
Cooling is oriented to slurry using refrigerating plant, makes the water in slurry that directional solidification occur, thus by the Building wood in slurry
Material raw material and additive exclusion microcosmic upper are aligned between ice sheet, making its；
4) green body conserves: the slurry of solidification slowly being melted, construction material gradually hardens in the process, to obtain into
The green body of type, conserves green body, obtains the construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure.
The construction method of the construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure in step 2), slurry Zhong Shui and is built
The mass ratio for building material feedstock is 0.2~5, and wherein cement is portland cement, ordinary portland cement, pozz portland water
The one or more of mud, Portland fly ash cement, portland slag cement and composite Portland cement.
The construction method of the construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure, in step 2), additive is diminishing
Agent, thickener and retarder one or more, water-reducing agent is that polycarboxylate high performance water-reducing agent, melamine series are efficient
One of water-reducing agent, Amino-sulfonic Acid-based Water-reducer, naphthalene series high-efficiency water-reducing agent, calcium lignin sulfonate water depressor are a kind of
More than, additive amount is the 0%~3% of raw material of building materials quality；Thickener is cellulose ether, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, gathers
One of ammonia type thickener, polyacrylic ester thickener or more than one, additive amount be raw material of building materials quality 0%
~3%；Retarder be one of citric acid, tartaric acid, salicylic acid, sodium gluconate, sodium tripolyphosphate or more than one, add
Dosage is the 0%~2% of raw material of building materials quality.
The construction method of the construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure, in step 3), refrigerating process are as follows: benefit
With refrigerating plant according to required direction contact slurry or frame, cooling is oriented to slurry, so that the water in slurry is along cold
Freeze direction occur directional solidification, along solidification direction growth ice crystal by slurry raw material of building materials and additive gradually squeeze
To between ice sheet, so that its be made microcosmic upper to align.
The construction method of the construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure, in step 4), by the slurry of solidification
Slowly melt and refer to, refrigerating plant is withdrawn to the slurry of solidification, so that the ice in solidification slurry occurs slowly to melt, in this process
Middle construction material gradually hardens, so that microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure be preserved, obtains molding porous body.
The construction method of the construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure, in step 4), the maintenance of green body is:
The slurry of solidification or molding green body covering are covered and are placed in air environment, starts moisturizing of watering after curing,
Covering is straw, straw mat, bamboo curtain splint, the piece of sack, the one or more for working out cloth tablet, and curing time is no less than 1 day,
Green body intensity in maintenance processes is gradually increased, and finally obtains the construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure.
The refrigerating plant for the construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure that the method uses, the refrigerating plant packet
Include: shell, heat insulation layer, handle, sealing cover, cooling contact surface, gas vent, opening, specific structure are as follows:
Surrounding and top setting heat insulation layer on the inside of shell form cavity box typed structure, shell and heat insulation layer
Top open up gas vent and the opening for loading cooling medium, opening is sealed by sealing cover, the top of the shell
The intracavity bottom of portion's mounting knob, shell and heat insulation layer is cooling contact surface.
The refrigerating plant of the construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure, the refrigerating plant is with liquid nitrogen or dry ice
As cooling medium, enclosure material be one of copper or copper alloy, steel, aluminium alloy or more than one；In addition to freezing contact surface,
Remaining direction on the inside of shell is mounted on heat insulation layer, and heat insulation layer is double layer hollow structure, double-layer vacuum structure, folder
Layer structure, rubber, foam, resin, one of timber or more than one.
Design philosophy of the invention is:
Construction method of the invention can directly apply to the construction materials such as the cement, concrete, gypsum of poured-in-place, with
Water is nontoxic as pore creating material.The present invention realizes the microcosmic cellular structure for above having and aligning using orientation refrigerating process,
The water contained in the water-based slurry of the technology utilization construction material is during directional solidification, along the ice crystal of solidification direction growth
The construction material being mixed in slurry and additive are gradually squeezed between ice sheet, to realize that its microcosmic is aligned.Pass through
The available construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure of refrigerating process is oriented, freezing direction when duct is along construction is selected
Excellent arrangement, and the volume fraction in duct, size etc. can carry out artificial control by adjusting construction technology.Benefit of the invention
With the slurry of the construction material of solidification hardening process spontaneous in slow melting process, the molding of porous construction material is realized,
Without other operation, therefore simple process and process it is short.In addition, the construction material that construction method through the invention obtains, energy
Enough effective heats for absorbing large volume cement hydration process and being discharged, the introducing of cavernous structure can the side's of effectively reducing amount, section
Save raw material.Refrigerating plant of the invention is simply easy to do, easy to carry, and operating method is simple, is highly suitable for architectural engineering
The work progress in field.The construction materials such as the cement, concrete, the gypsum that obtain through the invention, due to more with microcosmic orientation
Pore structure and show the excellent properties such as lightweight, insulation, sound insulation and noise reduction, permeable, anticracking, especially have along duct direction
Good water penetration and mechanical property, therefore there is considerable application prospect in building engineering field.
The present invention have the following advantages that and the utility model has the advantages that
1) construction method of construction material of the present invention with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure is easy to operate, process is short, cost
Low, high-efficient, energy conservation and environmental protection, the construction materials such as cement, concrete, gypsum suitable for poured-in-place can be straight in work progress
It connects and the construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure is made using this method, therefore in building engineering fields such as wall, road surfaces
With considerable application prospect.
2) present invention has the refrigerating plant structure of the construction material of microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure simple, easy to process, and
And operating method is simple, it is easy to carry, while shape, size and structure that can be as needed be pre-designed production, are applicable in very much
In the work progress of building engineering field.
3) there is microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure, duct edge using the construction material that construction method of the invention is prepared
Freezing direction preferential arrangement when construction, thus there is lightweight, high specific strength, high specific stiffness, insulation, sound insulation and noise reduction, prevent
Equal excellent properties are split, especially there is good water penetration, gas permeability and mechanical property along duct direction, and this method utilizes
Water is nontoxic as pore creating material and is conveniently easy to get, and the porosity of construction material can also carry out effective by adjusting wet end furnish
Control.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the three-view diagram and perspective view of the refrigerating plant for the construction material that the present invention has microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure.
Wherein, (a) main view；(b) left view；(c) top view；(d) perspective view.In figure, 1 shell, 2 heat insulation layers, 3 handles, 4 is close
Capping, 5 cooling contact surfaces, 6 gas vents, 7 openings.
Fig. 2 is to obtain after oriented freezing in the construction method for the construction material that the present invention has microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure
To the microstructure schematic diagram of the construction material slurry of solidification.
Fig. 3 be the construction method of embodiment 1 through the invention, use the mass ratio of water and cement powder for 0.4 slurry,
Obtain the scanning electron micrographs with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure cement.
Fig. 4 be the construction method of embodiment 2 through the invention, use the mass ratio of water and cement powder for 1.3 slurry,
Obtain the scanning electron micrographs with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure cement.
Fig. 5 be the construction method of embodiment 3 through the invention, use water and the mass ratio of gypsum powder body for 1.6 slurry,
The scanning electron micrographs with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure gypsum is prepared.
Specific embodiment
In the specific implementation process, it includes taking that the present invention, which has the construction method of the construction material of microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure,
Build and pour device, slurry preparation and stirring, slurry pours and freeze, green body maintenance and etc., wherein the freezing of slurry passes through benefit
It is realized with refrigerating plant of the invention, the microstructure of the construction material slurry solidified after oriented freezing is as shown in Figure 2.
The construction method may be directly applied to the construction material of poured-in-place, and the construction material obtained using this method is microcosmic upper with fixed
To porous structure, porosity is 4%~75%, preferably 5%~50%, and aperture is 0.3 μm~600 μm, preferably 5 μm~
300 μm, and duct is along freezing direction preferential arrangement when constructing.
Wherein, construction material is the one or more of cement, concrete, gypsum, and water and construction material are former in slurry
The mass ratio of material is 0.2~5, preferably 0.3~3.5, and the mass ratio is bigger, and the porosity of finally obtained construction material is got over
Greatly.Wherein, cement is portland cement, ordinary portland cement, portland-pozzolan cement, Portland fly ash cement, mine
The one or more of slag portland cement and composite Portland cement.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention has the refrigerating plant of the construction material of microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure, specifically include that outer
Shell 1, heat insulation layer 2, handle 3, sealing cover 4, cooling contact surface 5, gas vent 6 etc., specific structure is as follows:
The surrounding and top setting heat insulation layer 2 of 1 inside of shell form cavity box typed structure, shell 1 and thermal insulation separation
The top of thermosphere 2 opens up gas vent 6 and the opening 7 for loading cooling medium, and opening 7 is sealed by sealing cover 4, described
The intracavity bottom of the top mounting knob 3 of shell 1, shell 1 and heat insulation layer 2 is cooling contact surface 5.Enclosure material be copper or
One of copper alloy, steel, aluminium alloy or more than one, in addition to freezing contact surface, remaining direction is mounted on heat insulation layer.
For the refrigerating plant using liquid nitrogen or dry ice as cooling medium, heat insulation layer is double layer hollow structure, double-layer vacuum
One of structure, sandwich, rubber, foam, resin, timber or more than one, size, the structure of cavity box typed structure
It can be pre-designed and be adjusted according to size, structure, the shape of required freezing slurry with cooling contact surface.
The present invention is further elaborated combined with specific embodiments below, it should be appreciated that following embodiment is only limited the use of in saying
It is bright the present invention rather than limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
In the present embodiment, construction method through the invention use the mass ratio of water and cement powder for 0.4 slurry system
The standby cement with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure.Raw material used include ordinary portland cement powder (fineness be 80 microns,
Screen over-size 0.9%, specific surface area 342m2/ kg), water and DH-4005 polycarboxylate high performance water-reducing agent, the specific process is as follows:
1) it builds pouring frame: building the 10cm*10cm*10cm square frame poured for cement slurry, frame bottom end
It is sealed with surrounding with iron sheet, top end opening is poured for slurry；
2) ordinary portland cement powder 1500g, water 600g and DH-4005 polycarboxylic-acid slurry preparation and stirring: are weighed
High-performance water reducing agent 6g, places it in mixing in the plastic containers of 5L, carries out mechanical stirring, mixing time with the rate of 10rpm
For 15min, uniformly mixed cement slurry is obtained；
3) slurry is poured and is freezed: cement slurry is poured into the frame and vibration compacting put up in advance, it will be of the invention
Refrigerating plant inner cavity fill up liquid nitrogen sealing after, frame facet is adjacent to using the freezing contact surface of the refrigerating plant, to frame
Cement slurry in frame is oriented cooling, makes water in slurry that directional solidification occur, thus by slurry cement and addition
Agent exclusion is between ice sheet, making its microcosmic upper cement slurry for aligning, being solidified；
4) green body conserves: after cement slurry solidification completely, refrigerating plant being withdrawn to the slurry of solidification, in the slurry of solidification
The top bedding piece of sack solidifies the ice in slurry and occurs slowly to melt, and cement gradually hardens in the process, to be formed
Green body, to green body per for 24 hours watering once conserve, curing time be one week.
The cement with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure can be obtained through above-mentioned technique, microstructure is as shown in figure 3, this is porous
The porosity of cement is about 19.9%, and average pore size is about 46.3 μm.
Embodiment 2:
In the present embodiment, construction method through the invention use the mass ratio of water and cement powder for 1.3 slurry system
The standby cement with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure.Raw material used include ordinary portland cement powder (fineness be 80 microns,
Screen over-size 0.9%, specific surface area 342m2/ kg), water and DH-4005 polycarboxylate high performance water-reducing agent, the specific process is as follows:
1) it builds pouring frame: building the 10cm*10cm*10cm square frame poured for cement slurry, frame bottom end
It is sealed with surrounding with iron sheet, top end opening is poured for slurry；
2) ordinary portland cement powder 1000g, water 1300g and DH-4005 polycarboxylic-acid slurry preparation and stirring: are weighed
High-performance water reducing agent 4g, places it in mixing in the plastic containers of 5L, carries out mechanical stirring, mixing time with the rate of 10rpm
For 15min, uniformly mixed cement slurry is obtained；
3) step operation is identical as step 3) in embodiment 1；
4) step operation is identical as step 4) in embodiment 1.
The cement with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure can be obtained through above-mentioned technique, microstructure is as shown in figure 4, this is porous
The porosity of cement is about 58.4%, and average pore size is about 93.82 μm.
Embodiment 3:
In the present embodiment, construction method through the invention use water and the mass ratio of gypsum powder body for 1.6 slurry system
The standby gypsum with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure.Raw material used include beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum, water and DH-4005 polycarboxylic-acid
High-performance water reducing agent, the specific process is as follows:
1) it builds pouring frame: building the 10cm*10cm*10cm square frame poured for gypsum slurry, frame bottom end
It is sealed with surrounding with iron sheet, top end opening is poured for slurry；
2) it is high that beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum powder 1000g, water 1600g and DH-4005 polycarboxylic-acid slurry preparation and stirring: are weighed
Performance water-reducing agent 4g, places it in mixing in the plastic containers of 5L, carries out mechanical stirring with the rate of 10rpm, mixing time is
15min obtains uniformly mixed gypsum slurry；
3) slurry is poured and is freezed: gypsum slurry is poured into the frame and vibration compacting put up in advance, it will be of the invention
Refrigerating plant inner cavity fill up liquid nitrogen sealing after, frame facet is adjacent to using the freezing contact surface of the refrigerating plant, to frame
Gypsum slurry in frame is oriented cooling, makes water in slurry that directional solidification occur, thus by slurry gypsum and addition
Agent exclusion is between ice sheet, making its microcosmic upper gypsum for aligning, being solidified；
4) green body conserves: after gypsum slurry solidification completely, refrigerating plant being withdrawn to the slurry of solidification, in the slurry of solidification
The top bedding piece of sack solidifies the ice in slurry and occurs slowly to melt, and gypsum gradually hardens in the process, to be formed
Green body, green body is placed in atmosphere at room temperature environment and is conserved, curing time be one day.
The gypsum with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure can be obtained through above-mentioned technique, microstructure is as shown in figure 5, this is porous
The porosity of gypsum is about 50.8%, and average pore size is about 75.2 μm.
Embodiment the result shows that, there is the present invention construction method of construction material of microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure can directly lead to
It crosses work progress and obtains porous construction material, this method is easy to operate, process is short, high-efficient, and energy conservation and environmental protection, refrigerating plant
It is simply easy to do, low in cost, obtained construction material is microcosmic upper with orienting stephanoporate structure, and duct is preferentially arranged along freezing direction
Column, porosity can control effectively by adjusting wet end furnish.Also, the present invention has the building of microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure
The refrigerating plant operating method of material is simple, easy to carry, effectively can be oriented cooling to the slurry of construction material, non-
Often it is suitable for the work progress of building engineering field.Therefore, the present invention has considerable in building engineering fields such as wall, road surfaces
Application prospect.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of construction method of the construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure, which is characterized in that this method is to pouring
The slurry of construction material is oriented freezing, the microcosmic upper tool of cement, concrete or the gypsum building material obtained using this method
There is orienting stephanoporate structure, porosity is 4%~75%, and aperture is 0.3 μm~600 μm, and duct is along freezing side when constructing
To preferential arrangement.
2. the construction method of the construction material according to claim 1 with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure, which is characterized in that
Specifically includes the following steps:
1) it builds pouring frame: the construction material slurry with the design of appropriate size, shape and structure is built according to construction demand
Pouring frame, keep the freezing direction of slurry consistent with the microcosmic duct direction wanted；
2) slurry preparation and stirring: according to required proportion by the raw material of cement, concrete or gypsum building material and water, add
Agent is mixed and stirred for uniformly；
3) slurry is poured and is freezed: after the slurry being uniformly mixed to be poured to the frame put up in advance and vibration compacting, being utilized
Refrigerating plant is oriented cooling to slurry, makes the water in slurry that directional solidification occur, so that the construction material in slurry is former
Material and additive exclusion microcosmic upper are aligned between ice sheet, making its；
4) green body conserves: the slurry of solidification slowly being melted, construction material gradually hardens in the process, to obtain molding
Green body conserves green body, obtains the construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure.
3. the construction method of the construction material according to claim 2 with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure, which is characterized in that
In step 2), the mass ratio of water and raw material of building materials is 0.2~5 in slurry, and wherein cement is portland cement, common silicic acid
One kind of salt cement, portland-pozzolan cement, Portland fly ash cement, portland slag cement and composite Portland cement
Or more than one.
4. the construction method of the construction material according to claim 2 with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure, which is characterized in that
In step 2), additive is the one or more of water-reducing agent, thickener and retarder, and water-reducing agent is polycarboxylic acid series high-performance
Water-reducing agent, melamine superplasticizer, Amino-sulfonic Acid-based Water-reducer, naphthalene series high-efficiency water-reducing agent, lignin sulfonic acid
One of calcium water-reducing agent or more than one, additive amount be raw material of building materials quality 0%~3%；Thickener is cellulose
One of ether, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, polyurethanes thickener, polyacrylic ester thickener or more than one, additive amount
It is the 0%~3% of raw material of building materials quality；Retarder is citric acid, tartaric acid, salicylic acid, sodium gluconate, tripolyphosphate
One of sodium or more than one, additive amount be raw material of building materials quality 0%~2%.
5. the construction method of the construction material according to claim 2 with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure, which is characterized in that
In step 3), refrigerating process are as follows: using refrigerating plant according to required direction contact slurry or frame, slurry is oriented cold
But, so that along freezing direction directional solidification occurs for water in slurry, the ice crystal along the growth of solidification direction is by the Building wood in slurry
Material raw material and additive gradually squeeze between ice sheet, so that its be made microcosmic upper to align.
6. the construction method of the construction material according to claim 2 with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure, which is characterized in that
In step 4), the slurry of solidification is slowly melted and is referred to, refrigerating plant is withdrawn to the slurry of solidification, so that the ice in solidification slurry
Occur slowly to melt, construction material gradually hardens in the process, so that microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure be preserved, obtains into
The porous body of type.
7. the construction method of the construction material according to claim 2 with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure, which is characterized in that
In step 4), the maintenance of green body is: the slurry of solidification or molding green body covering are covered and are placed in air environment,
Start moisturizing of watering after curing, covering be straw, straw mat, bamboo curtain splint, the piece of sack, the one kind for working out cloth tablet or it is a kind of with
On, curing time is no less than 1 day, and green body intensity in maintenance processes is gradually increased, and is finally obtained with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate knot
The construction material of structure.
8. the freezing for the construction material with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure that a kind of one of claim 1 to 7 the method uses
Device, which is characterized in that the refrigerating plant include: shell, heat insulation layer, handle, sealing cover, cooling contact surface, gas vent,
Opening, specific structure are as follows:
Surrounding and top setting heat insulation layer on the inside of shell form cavity box typed structure, the top of shell and heat insulation layer
Portion opens up gas vent and the opening for loading cooling medium, and opening is sealed by sealing cover, the top peace of the shell
The intracavity bottom of dress handle, shell and heat insulation layer is cooling contact surface.
9. the refrigerating plant of the construction material according to claim 8 with microcosmic orienting stephanoporate structure, which is characterized in that
For the refrigerating plant using liquid nitrogen or dry ice as cooling medium, enclosure material is one of copper or copper alloy, steel, aluminium alloy or one
Kind or more；In addition to freezing contact surface, remaining direction on the inside of shell is mounted on heat insulation layer, and heat insulation layer is in bilayer
One of hollow structure, double-layer vacuum structure, sandwich, rubber, foam, resin, timber or more than one.
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