CN109383080A - 一种隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板及制作工艺和应用 - Google Patents
一种隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板及制作工艺和应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109383080A CN109383080A CN201811518529.7A CN201811518529A CN109383080A CN 109383080 A CN109383080 A CN 109383080A CN 201811518529 A CN201811518529 A CN 201811518529A CN 109383080 A CN109383080 A CN 109383080A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- sound
- composite material
- strength composite
- light porous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940117958 vinyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBGPNLPABVUVKZ-POTXQNELSA-N (1r,3as,4s,5ar,5br,7r,7ar,11ar,11br,13as,13br)-4,7-dihydroxy-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1-prop-1-en-2-yl-2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-one Chemical compound C([C@@]12C)CC(=O)C(C)(C)[C@@H]1[C@H](O)C[C@]([C@]1(C)C[C@@H]3O)(C)[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1[C@@H]1[C@]3(C)CC[C@H]1C(=C)C HBGPNLPABVUVKZ-POTXQNELSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PFRGGOIBYLYVKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 15alpha-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-3-one Natural products CC(=C)C1CCC2(C)CC(O)C3(C)C(CCC4C5(C)CCC(=O)C(C)(C)C5CCC34C)C12 PFRGGOIBYLYVKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SOKRNBGSNZXYIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Resinone Natural products CC(=C)C1CCC2(C)C(O)CC3(C)C(CCC4C5(C)CCC(=O)C(C)(C)C5CCC34C)C12 SOKRNBGSNZXYIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010053615 Thermal burn Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004500 asepsis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LCDFWRDNEPDQBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol;urea Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1 LCDFWRDNEPDQBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 phenolic aldehyde Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/08—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/38—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising epoxy resins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/42—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0285—Condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas, melamines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
- B32B2307/102—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/304—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
- B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板，由纤维增强复合材料、聚合物阻尼材料、轻质多孔材料组合而成，排列顺序依次是纤维增强复合材料、聚合物阻尼材料、轻质多孔材料、聚合物阻尼材料、纤维增强复合材料和轻质多孔材料，相邻的轻质多孔材料和纤维增强复合材料之间采用耐温材料进行Z向穿线连接，纤维增强复合材料厚度为2～6mm，所述聚合物阻尼材料厚度1～2mm，轻质多孔材料厚度20～30mm或35～45mm。该复合材料板具有隔热、隔声、耐温、轻质、高强度、阻燃、无毒等特性，该复合材料板可应用于各类型蒸汽动力设备或蒸汽管路系统中。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及复合材料技术领域，特别是涉及一种隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板及制作工艺和应用。
背景技术
复合材料是人们运用先进的材料制备技术，将不同性质的材料优化组合而成的新材料。其中纤维增强复合材料具有比重小、比强度大和比模量大等优点，已经替代传统材料，应用于多个领域。如在波音787客机中，纤维增强复合材料的使用率已经达到50％，高于传统的金属材料，如钢、钛合金、铝合金等。
传统纤维增强复合材料在实际应用中已经有作为隔声材料的应用，为进一步提高其隔声量，一般通过复合结构或者树脂发泡来提高复合材料的隔声量。申请号为CN201710244664.6，发明名称为一种隔声复合材料及其制备方法的中国发明专利公开了一种隔声复合材料其制备方法，它以发泡树脂体系和纤维织物为原料，将纤维织物用聚合物体系预先进行固化成型，然后将发泡树脂体系注入纤维织物的中空夹层结构内部进行内部原位发泡复合固化而成。在所述方法中通过对发泡树脂体系的孔隙率、开孔结构和孔径等进行调节，并与具有中空夹层结构的纤维织物进行复合而获得，本发明具有良好的隔音性能，并具有较好的刚性和韧性，但是在各类型蒸汽动力设备、蒸汽管路系统等领域应用隔声复合材料时还需其具有阻燃隔热的功效，针对这个问题，特提出本发明。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板，该复合材料板具有隔热、隔声、耐温、轻质、高强度、阻燃、无毒等特性，该复合材料板可应用于各类型蒸汽动力设备或蒸汽管路系统中。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板，由纤维增强复合材料、聚合物阻尼材料、轻质多孔材料组合而成，排列顺序依次是纤维增强复合材料、聚合物阻尼材料、轻质多孔材料、聚合物阻尼材料、纤维增强复合材料和轻质多孔材料，相邻的轻质多孔材料和纤维增强复合材料之间采用耐温材料进行Z向穿线连接，所述纤维增强复合材料厚度为2～6mm，所述聚合物阻尼材料厚度1～2mm，所述轻质多孔材料厚度20～30mm或 35～45mm。
优选的，所述纤维增强复合材料为纤维增强聚合物基复合材料，所述聚合物阻尼材料为粘弹性高分子材料，所述轻质多孔材料为有机泡沫或无机棉类多孔材料。
优选的，所述纤维增强复合材料选用碳纤维增强环氧树脂、玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂、碳纤维增强聚酯树脂、玻璃纤维增强聚酯树脂、碳纤维增强酚醛树脂、玻璃纤维增强酚醛树脂中的一种或多种。
优选的，所述粘弹性高分子材料选用醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸酯、聚氨酯、环氧树脂中的一种或几种。
优选的，所述轻质多孔材料选用聚氨酯泡沫、酚醛泡沫、聚酰亚胺泡沫、矿物棉毡、玻璃棉毡、聚酯毡中的一种或几种。
优选的，轻质多孔材料的孔径范围为0.1～100um，孔隙率为20％～ 95％，密度为10kg/m3～80kg/m3。
优选的，相邻的轻质多孔材料和纤维增强复合材料之间采用碳纤维丝或无机矿物线进行Z向穿线连接。
如上所述的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板的制作工艺，包括如下步骤：
步骤一：选择两块厚度为2～6mm的纤维增强复合材料板与一块厚度为20～30mm的轻质多孔材料板，利用厚度为1～2mm的聚合物阻尼材料将轻质多孔材料板和两块纤维增强复合材料板粘接形成三明治结构，轻质多孔材料板夹在中间；
步骤二：将三明治结构和35～45mm厚的轻质多孔材料板采用耐温材料进行Z向穿线缝合连接在一起，形成隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板。
如上所述的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板在船舶制造、机械制造、蒸汽动力设备或蒸汽管路系统中的应用。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果如下：
(1)本发明提供的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料，既可隔离被防护对象内外的噪声，也能有效减少热量散失，防止烫伤；
(2)该隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料可在240℃表面温度的条件下长期使用，复合材料表面温度不超过60℃；
(3)该隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料可自支撑，易成型为复杂形状，可用于制作隔热隔声罩；
(4)该复合材料板具有隔热、隔声、耐温、轻质、高强度、阻燃、无毒环保等特性；
(5)通过轻质多孔材料与纤维增强复合材料的组合使用，可显著反射和吸收声波能量，实现优异的隔声效果，通过选择耐高温材料制成轻质多孔材料，其与纤维增强复合材料组合可实现轻质、高强和耐温性能；
(6)利用聚合物阻尼材料将轻质多孔材料板和两块纤维增强复合材料板粘接形成三明治结构，聚合物阻尼材料提高整体复合材料的减振性能，进一步耗散由声波引起的振动，提高隔声效果；
(7)该隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料利用多层结构，增加阻抗失配，提高复合材料板低频隔声效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本新型实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料的组成示意图。
图2是本发明的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料的成型示意图。
图3是本发明的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料在隔声室测试的隔声效果图。
图4是本发明的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料用于蒸汽管道的原理示意图。
图中：1—纤维增强复合材料，2—聚合物阻尼材料，3—轻质多孔材料，4—蒸汽管道壁，5—蒸汽管道，6—碳纤维丝。
具体实施方式
本发明的一个核心在于提供一种隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板，该复合材料板具有隔热、隔声、耐温、轻质、高强度、阻燃、无毒等特性，该复合材料板可应用于各类型蒸汽动力设备或蒸汽管路系统中。
为了使本领域的人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合本发明的附图，对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的其它类同实施例，都应当属于本申请保护的范围。此外，以下实施方式中提到的方向用词，例如“上”“下”“左”“右”等仅是参考附图的方向，因此，使用的方向用词是用来说明而非限制本发明创造。
如图1和2所示，本具体实施例中提供的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板，由纤维增强复合材料1、聚合物阻尼材料2、轻质多孔材料3组合而成，排列顺序依次是纤维增强复合材料1、聚合物阻尼材料2、轻质多孔材料3、聚合物阻尼材料2、纤维增强复合材料1和轻质多孔材料3，相邻的轻质多孔材料3和纤维增强复合材料1之间采用耐温材料进行Z向穿线连接，耐温材料优选为碳纤维丝或无机矿物线，利用耐温材料进行Z向穿线连接，有助于保证隔热阻燃的复合材料板的稳定，当复合材料接触热源时，耐温材料同样能够耐受高温，能够保证轻质多孔材料3和纤维增强复合材料1之间连接的稳定。纤维增强复合材料1厚度为2～6mm，所述聚合物阻尼材料2厚度1～2mm，所述轻质多孔材料3厚度20～30mm或35～45mm，隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料的总厚度控制在80mm以内，在保证隔热隔声效果的同时保证材料的轻质、易成型为复杂形状，扩大其应用范围。
纤维增强复合材料1为纤维增强聚合物基复合材料，选用碳纤维增强环氧树脂、玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂、碳纤维增强聚酯树脂、玻璃纤维增强聚酯树脂、碳纤维增强酚醛树脂、玻璃纤维增强酚醛树脂中的一种或多种，在本具体实施例中，纤维增强复合材料1选用厚度分别为4mm 和6mm的碳纤维增强酚醛树脂。
聚合物阻尼材料2为粘弹性高分子材料，选用醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸酯、聚氨酯、环氧树脂中的一种或几种，在本具体实施例中，聚合物阻尼材料2选用厚度为2mm的聚氨酯。
轻质多孔材料3为有机泡沫或无机棉类多孔材料，选用聚氨酯泡沫、酚醛泡沫、聚酰亚胺泡沫、矿物棉毡、玻璃棉毡、聚酯毡中的一种或几种。轻质多孔材料3的孔径范围为0.1～100um，孔隙率为20％～95％，密度为10kg/m3～80kg/m3，更优选为酚醛泡沫，在本具体实施例中，最外层选用40mm的矿物棉毡，中间层的轻质多孔材料3选用为20mm的酚醛泡沫材料，酚醛泡沫材料的密度120kg/m3，泡沫孔径为0.1～100um，孔隙率为90％，通过选择适当孔隙率、孔径和密度的轻质多孔材料3，控制泡沫间空气柱的长度，可实现良好的隔热和吸声效果。
上述隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板的制作工艺，包括如下步骤：
步骤一：选择两块厚度分别为4mm和6mm的碳纤维增强酚醛树脂板与一块厚度为20mm的酚醛泡沫材料板，利用厚度为2mm的聚氨酯将酚醛泡沫材料板和两块碳纤维增强酚醛树脂板粘接形成三明治结构，酚醛泡沫材料板夹在中间；
步骤二：将三明治结构和40mm厚的矿物棉毡板采用碳纤维丝进行 Z向穿线缝合连接在一起，形成隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板。
将上述制作工艺制成的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板进行隔音效果测试，测试结果如图3所示，由图3可以看出，本发明的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料隔声量随着频率的升高而逐渐升高，整体结构厚度为 74mm，计权隔声量可达35dB以上。
将上述制作工艺制成的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板进行隔热效果测试，热源温度为245℃左右时，在热源表面安装上述制作工艺制成的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料，对该复合材料的不同点进行测试，测试结果如表1所示，由表1可以看出，该复合材料能够有效的隔绝高温，材料表面温度不超过50℃，有力的证实了本发明的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料，既可隔离被防护对象内外的噪声，也能有效减少热量散失，防止烫伤。
表1本发明隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料的隔热效果测试结果
| 序号 | 热源温度/℃ | 材料表面温度/℃ |
| 1 | 248 | 47 |
| 2 | 246 | 49 |
| 3 | 246 | 46 |
| 4 | 247 | 48 |
| 5 | 248 | 48 |
| 6 | 247 | 50 |
| 7 | 245 | 49 |
| 8 | 246 | 46 |
| 9 | 247 | 48 |
| 10 | 248 | 47 |
如上所述的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料满足以下性能：(1)隔声性能，125Hz-8kHz范围内隔声量不下于35dB(A)；(2)隔热性能，热源温度240℃条件下，复合材料表面温度不超过50℃；(3)复合材料可在 240℃表面温度的条件下长期使用；(4)复合材料可自支撑，易成型为复杂形状，可用于制作隔热隔声罩；(5)兼具阻燃、轻质和环保的特性。
如上所述的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板可以应用在船舶制造、机械制造、蒸汽动力设备或蒸汽管路系统中。本发明的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料用于蒸汽管道的原理示意图如图4所示，将本发明的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料包裹在蒸汽管道壁4的外侧，该复合材料能够阻止蒸汽管道5内部热量的散失，并且能够降低表面温度，防止因接触蒸汽管道壁4而烫伤，同时还可以阻止蒸汽管道5内的噪声向外传播，达到了隔热、隔声、防止热量散失、安全、节约能源的效果。
进一步的，根据隔热隔声的需要也可以选择2种以上不同的纤维增强复合材料1，每种纤维增强复合材料1单独成型，之后将每种成型后的纤维增强复合材料1原位固化或者粘接在一起。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (9)
1.一种隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板，其特征在于，由纤维增强复合材料、聚合物阻尼材料、轻质多孔材料组合而成，排列顺序依次是纤维增强复合材料、聚合物阻尼材料、轻质多孔材料、聚合物阻尼材料、纤维增强复合材料和轻质多孔材料，相邻的轻质多孔材料和纤维增强复合材料之间采用耐温材料进行Z向穿线连接，所述纤维增强复合材料厚度为2～6mm，所述聚合物阻尼材料厚度1～2mm，所述轻质多孔材料厚度20～30mm或35～45mm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板，其特征在于，所述纤维增强复合材料为纤维增强聚合物基复合材料，所述聚合物阻尼材料为粘弹性高分子材料，所述轻质多孔材料为有机泡沫或无机棉类多孔材料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板，其特征在于，所述纤维增强复合材料选用碳纤维增强环氧树脂、玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂、碳纤维增强聚酯树脂、玻璃纤维增强聚酯树脂、碳纤维增强酚醛树脂、玻璃纤维增强酚醛树脂中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求2所述的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板，其特征在于，所述粘弹性高分子材料选用醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸酯、聚氨酯、环氧树脂中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板，其特征在于，所述轻质多孔材料选用聚氨酯泡沫、酚醛泡沫、聚酰亚胺泡沫、矿物棉毡、玻璃棉毡、聚酯毡中的一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板，其特征在于，轻质多孔材料的孔径范围为0.1～100um，孔隙率为20％～95％，密度为10kg/m3～80kg/m3。
7.根据权利要求1所述的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板，其特征在于，相邻的轻质多孔材料和纤维增强复合材料之间采用碳纤维丝或无机矿物线进行Z向穿线连接。
8.权利要求1—7任意一项所述的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板的制作工艺，包括如下步骤：
步骤一：选择两块厚度为2～6mm的纤维增强复合材料板与一块厚度为20～30mm的轻质多孔材料板，利用厚度为1～2mm的聚合物阻尼材料将轻质多孔材料板和两块纤维增强复合材料板粘接形成三明治结构，轻质多孔材料板夹在中间；
步骤二：将三明治结构和35～45mm厚的轻质多孔材料板采用耐温材料进行Z向穿线缝合连接在一起，形成隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板。
9.根据权利要求1—7任意一项所述的隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板在船舶制造、机械制造、蒸汽动力设备或蒸汽管路系统中的应用。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811518529.7A CN109383080A (zh) | 2018-12-12 | 2018-12-12 | 一种隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板及制作工艺和应用 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811518529.7A CN109383080A (zh) | 2018-12-12 | 2018-12-12 | 一种隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板及制作工艺和应用 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109383080A true CN109383080A (zh) | 2019-02-26 |
Family
ID=65429342
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811518529.7A Pending CN109383080A (zh) | 2018-12-12 | 2018-12-12 | 一种隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板及制作工艺和应用 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109383080A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113306246A (zh) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-08-27 | 贵州航天天马机电科技有限公司 | 一种方舱用阻燃轻质聚酰亚胺泡沫夹芯板及其制造方法 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3967651A (en) * | 1967-12-21 | 1976-07-06 | United States Steel Corporation | Adhesives coatings and laminates utilizing ethylene copolymers and coal-tar pitch |
| US4128688A (en) * | 1976-12-14 | 1978-12-05 | Mannington Mills, Inc. | Resinous moisture resistant laminate |
| JPS57129738A (en) * | 1981-02-06 | 1982-08-11 | Tokyo Rokakougiyoushiyo Kk | Silencing mat and its manufacture |
| CN102179978A (zh) * | 2011-02-15 | 2011-09-14 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | 一种夹芯阻尼复合材料 |
-
2018
- 2018-12-12 CN CN201811518529.7A patent/CN109383080A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3967651A (en) * | 1967-12-21 | 1976-07-06 | United States Steel Corporation | Adhesives coatings and laminates utilizing ethylene copolymers and coal-tar pitch |
| US4128688A (en) * | 1976-12-14 | 1978-12-05 | Mannington Mills, Inc. | Resinous moisture resistant laminate |
| JPS57129738A (en) * | 1981-02-06 | 1982-08-11 | Tokyo Rokakougiyoushiyo Kk | Silencing mat and its manufacture |
| CN102179978A (zh) * | 2011-02-15 | 2011-09-14 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | 一种夹芯阻尼复合材料 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113306246A (zh) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-08-27 | 贵州航天天马机电科技有限公司 | 一种方舱用阻燃轻质聚酰亚胺泡沫夹芯板及其制造方法 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107804046A (zh) | 一种复合材料消音降噪声衬及其制备方法 | |
| CN207458569U (zh) | 隔音板和隔音罩 | |
| CN106782482A (zh) | 复合吸隔声板 | |
| CN109383080A (zh) | 一种隔热隔声轻质高强复合材料板及制作工艺和应用 | |
| Kalita et al. | Absorption materials used in muffler a review | |
| CN206460780U (zh) | 加空腔的多层开孔泡沫铝板吸声结构 | |
| CN205705584U (zh) | 一种阻燃隔热隔音垫 | |
| CN106313763A (zh) | 一种气凝胶基复合铝纤维吸声板及其制备方法 | |
| CN113059815A (zh) | 一种阻燃隔热吸音复合新材料的制备方法 | |
| CN208085135U (zh) | 气凝胶基隔热吸音多层复合板 | |
| CN209457203U (zh) | 一种具有吸音降噪功能的墙体 | |
| CN202327404U (zh) | 一种降噪风管 | |
| CN208085148U (zh) | 气凝胶基复合铝纤维吸声板 | |
| CN206784617U (zh) | 一种隔热阻燃新型复合材料结构 | |
| CN105459504A (zh) | 一种耐高温吸音保温毡及其加工工艺 | |
| CN111102402A (zh) | 一种保温塑料管道 | |
| CN103950508A (zh) | 一种船用降噪结构 | |
| CN207825614U (zh) | 隔热抑振垫 | |
| CN207156595U (zh) | 一种宽频带吸声结构木质复合材料板 | |
| CN207077833U (zh) | 一种室内装饰装修复合板 | |
| CN209145049U (zh) | 一种新型声学保温板材 | |
| CN105479858B (zh) | 一种增强型多层结构的保温、防火、隔音复合环保板 | |
| CN208072830U (zh) | 一种复合式环保节能建筑材料 | |
| CN211172472U (zh) | 一种消音铁皮组装空腔 | |
| CN207883310U (zh) | 气凝胶基复合耗能吸音板 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20190226 |