CN109380169A - A kind of water body oxygen supplementing device and method - Google Patents
A kind of water body oxygen supplementing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109380169A CN109380169A CN201811435469.2A CN201811435469A CN109380169A CN 109380169 A CN109380169 A CN 109380169A CN 201811435469 A CN201811435469 A CN 201811435469A CN 109380169 A CN109380169 A CN 109380169A
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- oxygen
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001706 oxygenating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 106
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- MCEWYIDBDVPMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N [60]pcbm Chemical group C123C(C4=C5C6=C7C8=C9C%10=C%11C%12=C%13C%14=C%15C%16=C%17C%18=C(C=%19C=%20C%18=C%18C%16=C%13C%13=C%11C9=C9C7=C(C=%20C9=C%13%18)C(C7=%19)=C96)C6=C%11C%17=C%15C%13=C%15C%14=C%12C%12=C%10C%10=C85)=C9C7=C6C2=C%11C%13=C2C%15=C%12C%10=C4C23C1(CCCC(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 MCEWYIDBDVPMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 3
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000006124 Pilkington process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N SnO2 Inorganic materials O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007954 hypoxia Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004549 pulsed laser deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000144 PEDOT:PSS Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001167 Poly(triaryl amine) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PDZKZMQQDCHTNF-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);thiocyanate Chemical compound [Cu+].[S-]C#N PDZKZMQQDCHTNF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005566 electron beam evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001259 photo etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTSFMFGEAAANTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Se].[Se].[In] Chemical compound [Cu].[Se].[Se].[In] KTSFMFGEAAANTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- HVMJUDPAXRRVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper indium Chemical compound [Cu].[In] HVMJUDPAXRRVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/30—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising bulk heterojunctions, e.g. interpenetrating networks of donor and acceptor material domains
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/80—Constructional details
- H10K30/81—Electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of water body oxygen supplementing device and methods, electrode occurs for the hydrogen including solar panel and in water body, electrode and oxygen coalescence cover occur for oxygen, wherein, electrode occurs with hydrogen for solar panel and oxygen occurs electrode and is connected, oxygen coalescence cover is located at the top that electrode occurs for oxygen, which has the characteristics that noiseless, oxygenating effect is good, oncontacting risk.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquifer cultivation field, in particular to a kind of water body oxygen supplementing device and method.
Background technique
In fishery cultivating and ornamental fish family breeding process, often it will appear due to water hypoxia, fish occurs big
The phenomenon of area death.There are many methods for solving water hypoxia, and the most commonly used is realized by blowing to water body.But water
The oxygen diffusion process that body is blown is very slow, and the dissolved oxygen content ratio in water body by this diffusion process is less than 1/
10, in addition this process generally requires the auxiliary of oxygen pump, and there are noise, electric shock risks etc.；It swims life additionally by algae etc.
The photosynthesis of object can provide the dissolved oxygen of normal condition next month 90%, but excessive planktonic organism, deposit instead at night
It is excessive in oxygen demand, the problem of causing water hypoxia amount to be increased sharply, it is therefore desirable to develop a kind of oxygen supplementing device and method.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned prior art, a kind of water body oxygen supplementing device and method are provided,
The device and method has the characteristics that noiseless, oxygenating effect is good, oncontacting risk.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of water body oxygen supplementing device, electrode occurs for the hydrogen including solar panel and in water body, electricity occurs for oxygen
Pole and oxygen coalescence cover, wherein electrode occurs with hydrogen for solar panel and oxygen occurs electrode and is connected, and oxygen coalescence cover is located at oxygen hair
The top of raw electrode.
Further, it is porous carbon nano tube structure that electrode and oxygen generation electrode, which occur, for hydrogen.
Further, with hydrogen electrode occurs for solar panel by conducting wire and oxygen occurs electrode and is connected.
Further, it is laminated structure or more club shaped structures that electrode and oxygen generation electrode, which occur, for hydrogen.
Further, with hydrogen electrode occurs for solar panel through electric pressure converter and oxygen occurs electrode and is connected.
Further, solar panel is the perovskite solar battery without transparent electrode；The no transparent electrode
Perovskite solar battery includes the double of the transparent substrates set gradually from bottom to up, perovskite material active layer and topological structure
Electrode layer.
Further, the bipolar electrode layer of topological structure includes several topological structures being arranged on perovskite material active layer
Unit；Each topological structure unit includes the N-shaped conductive material layer, current blocked layer and p-type electric-conducting material for being successively bonded setting
Layer.
Further, current blocked layer also is provided between topological structure unit.
Further, all N-shaped conductive material layers are cathode by the first bus electrode connection confluence；All p-type electric-conductings
Material layer is anode by the second bus electrode connection confluence.
Further, current blocked layer is air or insulating materials.
Further, the material of N-shaped conductive material layer is PCBM, SnO2Or TiO2；Current blocked layer is air, SiO2、
ZrO2, PE or PP；P-type electric-conducting material layer is NiO, Cu2O、GaN、SrCuO2, Spiro, PTAA, CuSCN or PEDOT:PSS.
Further, transparent substrates are commercial float process ultra-clear glasses, quartz glass or PET resin.
Further, the structure of perovskite material active layer is AXnY3-n；R=alkyl；A=Pb, Sn；X, Y=Cl, Br,
I；N is the real number of 0-3.
Further, the thickness Tn=0.1-2mm of N-shaped conductive material layer；N-shaped conductive material layer and p-type electric-conducting material layer
Between current blocked layer thickness Ti=0.001-1mm；The thickness Tp=0.1-2mm of p-type electric-conducting material layer；Topological structure
The thickness T of bipolar electrode layerfFor 10nm-100um.
Further, it is 1.04V that the perovskite solar battery of the no transparent electrode, which opens pressure, and current density is
23.8mA/cm2, efficiency 12.3%.
A kind of water body oxygen replenishing method, comprising the following steps: in the environment of having illumination, solar panel generates photoproduction electricity
Kinetic potential, and act on hydrogen and occur on electrode and oxygen generation electrode, so that electrode region occurs for hydrogen and electrode place occurs for oxygen
Region generates hydrogen molecule and oxygen molecule respectively, which is dissolved in the water, and realizes the oxygenating of water body, hydrogen molecule is with gaseous shape
Formula is discharged into atmosphere, wherein oxygen occurs the extra oxygen molecule that electrode generates and laid in by oxygen coalescence cover, and in no illumination
When be dissolved in water body, to guarantee the oxygen content in water body.
The invention has the following advantages:
Water body oxygen supplementing device of the present invention and method are when specific operation, in the environment of having illumination, solar-electricity
Pond plate generates photo-induced voltage, after which acts on hydrogen generation electrode and oxygen generation electrode, to occur in hydrogen
Electrode region and oxygen occur electrode region and generate hydrogen molecule and oxygen molecule respectively, wherein and oxygen molecule is dissolved in the water,
To realize the oxygenating of water body, to provide oxygen environment for the biology in water body, hydrogen molecule since solubility is lower, finally with
Gaseous form is diffused into atmosphere, it should be noted that the present invention carries out electrolysis mode with photo-induced voltage and generates oxygen, has
The characteristics of noiseless, oncontacting risk.It is laid in addition, the extra oxygen that electrode generates occurs for oxygen by oxygen coalescence cover, and
It is dissolved in the water when at night or illumination is poor, it is effective to guarantee that the oxygen in water body contains to improve the oxygenating effect of water body
Amount can be widely applied to the fields such as aquifer cultivation and the raising of household ornamental fish.
The device architecture using perovskite titanium ore type semiconductor material as activated centre of no transparent electrode replaces traditional calcium
The duallayered electrode structure of titanium ore type hull cell, solve high light existing for the transparent conductive electrode of battery light-receiving surface absorb and
The problem of higher series resistance, obtains the novel Ca-Ti ore type solar battery with high density of photocurrent, high open circuit voltage.
Solar panel does not use transparent electrode, reduces cost and improving production efficiency；Obtain higher light capture
With higher photoelectric current；It reduces the series resistance of battery and opens pressure to promote battery, to promote the performance of battery.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of structural schematic diagram of water body oxygen supplementing device of Fig. 1 present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the perovskite solar battery without transparent electrode.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the bipolar electrode layer of topological structure；
Fig. 4 is the preparation process schematic diagram of the bipolar electrode layer of topological structure；
Fig. 5 is the topological structure cell schematics of the bipolar electrode layer of topological structure；
Fig. 6 is that the perovskite solar battery without transparent electrode prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 has transparent electricity with existing
The perovskite solar battery of pole carries out the comparison diagram of AM1.5G test.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:
As shown in Figure 1, water body oxygen supplementing device of the present invention includes solar panel 1 and the hydrogen in water body
Electrode 3 occurs, electrode 2 and oxygen coalescence cover 4 occur for oxygen, wherein electrode 3 and oxygen generation electrode 2 occur for solar panel 1 and hydrogen
It is connected, oxygen coalescence cover 4 is located at the top that electrode 2 occurs for oxygen.
It is porous carbon nano tube structure that electrode 3 and oxygen generation electrode 2, which occur, for hydrogen；Electrode 3 occurs for hydrogen and electricity occurs for oxygen
Pole 2 is laminated structure or more club shaped structures.
The invention also includes battery and charging interfaces, wherein battery and charging interface, solar panel 1, hydrogen are sent out
Raw electrode 3 and oxygen occur electrode 2 and are connected；Electrode 3 occurs through electric pressure converter and hydrogen for solar panel 1 and electrode occurs for oxygen
2 are connected；Electrode 3 occurs with hydrogen by conducting wire 5 for solar panel 1 and oxygen occurs electrode 2 and is connected.
Water body oxygen replenishing method of the present invention the following steps are included:
In the environment of having illumination, solar panel 1 generates photo-induced voltage, and acts on hydrogen and electrode 3 and oxygen occurs
Occur on electrode 2, so that 3 region of electrode occurs for hydrogen and oxygen occurs 2 region of electrode and generates hydrogen molecule and oxygen respectively
Son, the oxygen molecule are dissolved in the water, and to realize the oxygenating of water body, hydrogen molecule is discharged into atmosphere in the form of a vapor, wherein oxygen hair
The extra oxygen molecule that raw electrode 2 generates is laid in by oxygen coalescence cover 4, and is dissolved in water body when no illumination,
To guarantee the oxygen content in water body.
The present invention provides electric energy using solar panel 1, has the characteristics that clean and effective, long-term stable operation.Having
In the environment of illumination, solar panel 1 generates photo-induced voltage, and acts on hydrogen and occur on electrode 3 and oxygen generation electrode 2,
Due to the presence of potential difference, then hydrogen occur 3 region of electrode and oxygen occur 2 region of electrode generate respectively hydrogen molecule and
Oxygen molecule, the oxygen molecule are dissolved in the water, and to realize the oxygenating of water body, provide oxygen environment for the biology in water body, in addition, due to
Hydrogen molecule solubility is smaller, and hydrogen molecule is diffused into atmosphere after forming gaseous state.
It should be noted that it is porous carbon nano tube structure that electrode 3 and oxygen generation electrode 2, which occur, for hydrogen in the present invention,
Therefore electrode 3 and oxygen occur for hydrogen electrode 2 occur to have the characteristics that operating voltage is low, large specific surface area, so as in water body
Biology stable oxygen environment is provided, in addition, the invention also includes oxygen coalescence cover 4, excessive oxygen is carried out by oxygen coalescence cover 4
Deposit, under no light or low-light environment, the oxygen that oxygen coalescence cover 4 is laid in is dissolved into water body, to improve the dissolved oxygen of water body
Amount.
The solar panel 1 is formed in series and parallel by several cell pieces, and cell piece can choose monocrystalline silicon battery, more
Crystal silicon battery, gallium arsenide cells, copper indium gallium selenide cell, cadmium telluride cells or perovskite battery etc., preferably copper indium gallium selenide electricity
Pond, cadmium telluride cells or perovskite battery.
If solar panel 1 uses the duallayered electrode structure of traditional Ca-Ti ore type hull cell, battery light-receiving surface
Transparent conductive electrode is absorbed there are high light and higher series resistance, is costly and inefficient.
It please refers to shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 5, solar panel 1 of the present invention preferably uses a kind of perovskite of no transparent electrode
Solar battery, cost are lower and more efficient.The perovskite solar battery of the no transparent electrode includes from bottom to up
The bipolar electrode layer 103 of the transparent substrates 101, perovskite material active layer 102 and the topological structure that set gradually.
Transparent substrates 101 are commercial float process ultra-clear glasses, quartz glass, PET resin etc., and area is unlimited.Before use, by saturating
Bright substrate 101 is successively ultrasonically treated 15 minutes using deionized water, acetone, isopropanol respectively, then uses ultraviolet rays cleaning machine
Cleaning 10 minutes, nitrogen stream drying are spare.
Perovskite material active layer 102, structure are (RNH3)AXnY3-n(R=alkyl；A=Pb, Sn；X, Y=Cl, Br, I；n
For the real number of 0-3), solvent DMF is made into the slurry that mass fraction is 20-35%；Spin-coating method takes above-mentioned slurry 10-50uL,
Spin coating acceleration sets 0.5s and reaches setting speed；Spin speed 1000-4000rpm；Spin coating temperature is room temperature；Through nitrogen after coating
120-140 DEG C annealing 20-40 minutes in gas.Finally obtained perovskite material active layer 102 with a thickness of 300-500nm.
The bipolar electrode layer 103 of topological structure, topological structure here refer to contacted with perovskite material active layer 102, with
And the structure that the relative positional relationship of each electrode, barrier interlayer remains relatively unchanged over；The preparation of the bipolar electrode layer 103 of topological structure
There are many kinds of modes, such as the techniques such as vapor deposition, chemical deposition, plasma assisted deposition, photoetching, printing, coating, spin coating.
Present example uses spin coating, etching, the method for vapor deposition, photoetching, vapor deposition, successfully prepares double electricity of topological structure
Pole layer 103.
The bipolar electrode layer 103 of topological structure includes that be arranged on perovskite material active layer 102 several are bonded to each other
Topological structure unit, each topological structure unit include the N-shaped conductive material layer 201 for being successively bonded setting, current blocked layer
202, p-type electric-conducting material layer 203 and current blocked layer 202.N-shaped conductive material layer 201 is PCBM, SnO2Or TiO2, current blocked
Layer 202 is air, SiO2、ZrO2, PE or PP；P-type electric-conducting material layer 203 is NiO, Cu2O、GaN、SrCuO2、Spiro、PTAA、
CuSCN or PEDOT:PSS.Last p-type electric-conducting material layer 203 is anode by bus electrode connection confluence；N-shaped conductive material layer
201 are converged by bus electrode connection for cathode.So far the completely perovskite solar battery without transparent electrode is formd.This
In invention, how electric current converges, battery with the presence or absence of curvature, notably angle rotation etc. not be innovative point of the invention, these
The change of structure can readily occur in for persons skilled in the art and be changed or replace, and should all cover
Within protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 3, the preparation of the bipolar electrode layer 103 of topological structure, comprising the following steps:
The first step, spin coating prepares PCBM layers on perovskite material active layer 102；
Second step is covered the methods of edition method plasma, laser to PCBM and is performed etching, accurately controls its etching depth extremely
102 surface of perovskite material active layer；For example, by using pumped solid pulsed infrared laser light (1064nm) device, 10-50kHZ, power
5-30W, duty ratio 0.05-0.95 under the parameter of linear speed 1000-10000mm/s, are etched PCBM, are had
The domain to be filled of Suitable depth and width.
Third step covers an edition method depositing insulating layer, with pulsed laser deposition, atomic layer deposition, electron beam evaporation deposition or magnetic
The method for controlling sputtering sedimentation deposits SiO2As insulating layer；For example, using electron-beam evaporation mode, technique vacuum degree 1 × 10-3-
1×10-5Pa；Beam power 1-10kW, operating distance 50-100cm measure using crystal oscillator method and control SiO2Thickness obtains
Suitable SiO2Region filling.
4th step continues using laser method, etch away sections SiO2；For example, using pumped solid pulsed ultraviolet laser
(266nm) device, 10-200kHZ, power 5-30W, duty ratio 0.05-0.95, under the parameter of linear velocity 1000-12000ms/s and
Under specific direction and specific region, to SiO2It is etched, obtains new domain to be filled.
5th step deposits p-type NiO using laser pulse method, in the SiO that the 4th step etches away2In deposit p-type NiO, shape
At the bipolar electrode layer 103 of topological structure.For example, by using excimer laser (248nm) device, pulse energy 700mj, technique vacuum degree 1
×10-3-1×10-5Pa, frequency 1-10HZ, sedimentation time 5-60s obtain suitable p-type NiO region filling.
Corresponding thickness Tn=0.1-2mm；Ti=0.001-1mm；Tp=0.1-2mm；Bipolar electrode thickness degree TfFor 10nm-
100um。
Embodiment 1
A kind of perovskite solar battery of no transparent electrode, preparation method, comprising the following steps:
1) transparent substrates are clean: to be 1.5x1.5cm with area2Commercial float process ultra-clear glasses be transparent substrates
101, and transparent substrates 101 are successively respectively ultrasonically treated 15 minutes using deionized water, acetone, isopropanol respectively, then use
Ultraviolet rays cleaning machine cleans 10 minutes, and nitrogen stream drying is spare；
2) perovskite material active layer 102 is prepared in transparent substrates 101: using CH3NH3PbBr3, solvent DMF matches
The slurry for being 30% at mass fraction；Spin-coating method, takes above-mentioned slurry 35uL, and spin coating acceleration sets 0.5s and reaches setting speed；
Spin speed 1000rpm；Spin coating temperature is room temperature；It anneals 30 minutes after coating through 135 DEG C in nitrogen；Obtained perovskite material
Active layer 102 with a thickness of 300nm；
3) the bipolar electrode layer 103 of topological structure: the first step is prepared on perovskite material active layer 102, in perovskite material
Expect that spin coating prepares PCBM layers on active layer 102；Second step is covered edition method to PCBM and is performed etching with laser, using pumped solid arteries and veins
Rush infrared laser (1064nm) device, frequency 10-50kHZ, this example preferred 50kHZ, power 5-30W, the preferred 10W of this example, duty ratio
0.05-0.95, this example preferably 0.5, linear speed 1000-10000mm/s, the preferred 2000mm/s of this example are etched PCBM；
Its etching depth is accurately controlled to 102 surface of perovskite material active layer；Third step covers an edition method depositing insulating layer, with laser arteries and veins
The method for rushing deposition deposits SiO2As insulating layer；4th step continues using laser method, etch away sections SiO2；5th step, is adopted
P-type NiO is deposited with laser pulse method, in the SiO that the 4th step etches away2In deposit p-type NiO, form double electricity of topological structure
Pole layer 103.The thickness Tn=0.1mm of corresponding N-shaped conductive material layer 201；N-shaped conductive material layer 201 and p-type electric-conducting material layer
The thickness Ti=0.01mm of current blocked layer between 203；The thickness Tp=0.1mm of p-type electric-conducting material layer 203；Topological structure
Bipolar electrode layer 103 thickness TfFor 10nm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of perovskite solar battery of no transparent electrode, preparation method, comprising the following steps:
1) transparent substrates are clean: to be 3x3cm with area2Quartz glass be transparent substrates 101, and to transparent base
Bottom 101 is successively respectively ultrasonically treated 15 minutes using deionized water, acetone, isopropanol respectively, then clear using ultraviolet rays cleaning machine
Clean 10 minutes, nitrogen stream drying was spare；
2) perovskite material active layer 102 is prepared in transparent substrates 101: using CH3NH3PbI3, solvent DMF is made into
The slurry that mass fraction is 35%；Spin-coating method, takes above-mentioned slurry 50uL, and spin coating acceleration sets 0.5s and reaches setting speed；Rotation
Apply speed 4000rpm；Spin coating temperature is room temperature；It anneals 40 minutes after coating through 140 DEG C in nitrogen；Obtained perovskite material is living
Property layer 102 with a thickness of 400nm；
3) the bipolar electrode layer 103 of topological structure: the first step is prepared on perovskite material active layer 102, in perovskite material
Expect that spin coating prepares TiO on active layer 1022Layer；Second step, to TiO2It covers an edition method to be performed etching with laser, using pumped solid pulse
Ultraviolet laser (355nm) device, frequency 10-200kHZ, this example preferred 100kHZ, power 5-30W, the preferred 10W of this example, duty ratio
0.05-0.95, this example preferably 0.2, linear velocity 100-12000ms/s, the preferred 2000mm/s of this example, in specific region and direction
On, to TiO2It is etched, accurately controls its etching depth to 102 surface of perovskite material active layer；Third step covers version
Method depositing insulating layer deposits SiO with the method for pulsed laser deposition2As insulating layer；4th step continues to carve using laser method
Eating away part SiO2；5th step deposits p-type Cu using laser pulse method2O, in the SiO that the 4th step etches away2In deposit p-type
Cu2O forms the bipolar electrode layer 103 of topological structure.The thickness Tn=2mm of corresponding N-shaped conductive material layer 201；N-shaped conduction material
The thickness Ti=1mm of current blocked layer between the bed of material 201 and p-type electric-conducting material layer 203；The thickness of p-type electric-conducting material layer 203
Tp=2mm；The thickness T of the bipolar electrode layer 103 of topological structurefIt is 100 μm.
Embodiment 3
A kind of perovskite solar battery of no transparent electrode, preparation method, comprising the following steps:
1) transparent substrates are clean: to be 2x2cm with area2PET resin be transparent substrates 101, and to transparent base
Bottom 101 is successively respectively ultrasonically treated 15 minutes using deionized water, acetone, isopropanol respectively, then clear using ultraviolet rays cleaning machine
Clean 10 minutes, nitrogen stream drying was spare；
2) perovskite material active layer 102 is prepared in transparent substrates 101: using CH3NH3PbBr3, solvent DMF matches
The slurry for being 20% at mass fraction；Spin-coating method, takes above-mentioned slurry 20uL, and spin coating acceleration sets 0.5s and reaches setting speed；
Spin speed 2000rpm；Spin coating temperature is room temperature；It anneals 20 minutes after coating through 120 DEG C in nitrogen；Obtained perovskite material
Active layer 102 with a thickness of 500nm；
3) the bipolar electrode layer 103 of topological structure: the first step is prepared on perovskite material active layer 102, in perovskite material
Expect that spin coating prepares SnO on active layer 1022Layer；Second step, to SnO2It covers an edition method to be performed etching with plasma, ontology vacuum degree 1
×10-3-1×10-5Pa, optimal 1 × 10-5Pa；Technique vacuum degree 0.1-1Pa, optimal 0.45Pa；Working gas Ar, power
10-200W, optimal 100W；Frequency 3-50KHz, optimal 30kHZ；Operating distance 5-20cm, optimal 10cm；Etch period
10-300s, optimal 45s；Accurately to control its etching depth to 102 surface of perovskite material active layer；Third step covers an edition method
Depositing insulating layer deposits ZrO with the method for pulsed laser deposition2As insulating layer；4th step continues using laser method, etching
Fall part ZrO2；5th step deposits p-type SrCuO using laser pulse method2, p-type is deposited in the PP that the 4th step etches away
SrCuO2, form the bipolar electrode layer 103 of topological structure.The thickness Tn=0.5mm of corresponding N-shaped conductive material layer 201；N-shaped is led
The thickness Ti=0.6mm of current blocked layer between material layer 201 and p-type electric-conducting material layer 203；P-type electric-conducting material layer 203
Thickness Tp=1mm；The thickness Tf of the bipolar electrode layer 103 of topological structure is 100nm.
It please refers to shown in Fig. 6, is tested by AM1.5G, without the perovskite of transparent electrode prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1
Solar battery, opening pressure is 1.04V, current density 23.8mA/cm2, efficiency 12.3%；There is transparent electricity relative to existing
The perovskite solar cell photoelectric stream of pole and open pressure be all significantly improved.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those familiar with the art, all answers
It is included within the scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is subject to the scope of protection of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of water body oxygen supplementing device, which is characterized in that electricity occurs for the hydrogen including solar panel (1) and in water body
Electrode (2) and oxygen coalescence cover (4) occur for pole (3), oxygen, wherein electrode (3) and oxygen generation occur for solar panel (1) and hydrogen
Electrode (2) is connected, and oxygen coalescence cover (4) is located at the top that electrode (2) occur for oxygen.
2. water body oxygen supplementing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that electrode (3) occur for hydrogen and electrode (2) occur for oxygen
It is porous carbon nano tube structure.
3. water body oxygen supplementing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that solar panel (1) by conducting wire (5) with
Electrode (3) occur for hydrogen and oxygen occurs electrode (2) and is connected.
4. water body oxygen supplementing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that electrode (3) occur for hydrogen and electrode (2) occur for oxygen
It is laminated structure or more club shaped structures.
5. water body oxygen supplementing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that solar panel (1) is through electric pressure converter
Electrode (3) occur with hydrogen and oxygen occurs electrode (2) and is connected.
6. water body oxygen supplementing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that solar panel (1) is no transparent electrode
Perovskite solar battery；The perovskite solar battery of the no transparent electrode include set gradually from bottom to up it is transparent
The bipolar electrode layer (103) of substrate (101), perovskite material active layer (102) and topological structure.
7. water body oxygen supplementing device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the bipolar electrode layer (103) of topological structure includes
Several topological structure units being arranged on perovskite material active layer (102)；Each topological structure unit includes successively being bonded
N-shaped conductive material layer (201), current blocked layer and the p-type electric-conducting material layer (203) of setting.
8. water body oxygen supplementing device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that also be provided with electric current resistance between topological structure unit
Interlayer.
9. water body oxygen supplementing device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that all N-shaped conductive material layers (201) pass through the
One bus electrode connection confluence is cathode；All p-type electric-conducting material layers (203) are positive by the second bus electrode connection confluence
Pole.
10. a kind of water body oxygen replenishing method, which is characterized in that filled based on water body oxygenating described in any one of claims 1 to 9
It sets, comprising the following steps:
In the environment of having illumination, solar panel (1) generates photo-induced voltage, and acts on hydrogen and electrode (3) and oxygen occurs
Occur on electrode (2), so that electrode (3) region occurs for hydrogen and oxygen occurs electrode (2) region and generates hydrogen molecule respectively
And oxygen molecule, the oxygen molecule are dissolved in the water, and realize the oxygenating of water body, hydrogen molecule is discharged into atmosphere in the form of a vapor, wherein
Oxygen occurs the extra oxygen molecule that electrode (2) generate and is laid in by oxygen coalescence cover (4), and is dissolved in when no illumination
In water body, to guarantee the oxygen content in water body.
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