Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with one or more embodiments of the present specification. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of one or more embodiments of the specification, as detailed in the claims which follow.
It should be noted that: in other embodiments, the steps of the corresponding methods are not necessarily performed in the order shown and described herein. In some other embodiments, the method may include more or fewer steps than those described herein. Moreover, a single step described in this specification may be broken down into multiple steps for description in other embodiments; multiple steps described in this specification may be combined into a single step in other embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a push system for video content objects according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the system may include a server 11, a network 12, and several electronic devices such as a cell phone 13, a PC14, a PC15, a cell phone 16, and the like.
The server 11 may be a physical server comprising a separate host, or the server 11 may be a virtual server carried by a cluster of hosts. During operation, the server 11 may run a server-side program of an application to implement relevant service functions of the application. For example, in the technical solutions of one or more embodiments of the present specification, the server 11 may be used as a server of a push system to cooperate with the mobile phones 13 and 16 and the clients running on the PCs 14-15 to implement a push solution for the video content object.
Cell phones 13, 16 and PCs 14-15 are just one type of electronic device that a user may use. In fact, it is obvious that the user can also use electronic devices of the type such as: tablet devices, notebook computers, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), wearable devices (e.g., smart glasses, smart watches, etc.), etc., which are not limited by one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. During operation, the electronic device may run a client-side program of an application to implement a related service function of the application, for example, when the electronic device runs a client-side program in a push scheme of a video content object, the electronic device may be implemented as a client in the push system.
It should be noted that: an application program of a client in a push system of a video content object can be pre-installed on an electronic device, so that the client can be started and run on the electronic device; of course, when an online "client" such as HTML5 technology is employed, the client can be obtained and run without installing a corresponding application on the electronic device.
And the network 12 for interaction between the handsets 13, 16, PCs 14-15 and the server 11 may include various types of wired or wireless networks. In one embodiment, the Network 12 may include the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) and the Internet. Of course, the one or more embodiments of the present description are not so limited.
The following describes a push scheme of a video content object in this specification, with respect to different roles in a client and a server, respectively.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for pushing a video content object according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 2, the method applied to the client may include the following steps:
step 202, obtaining a question message for a content object contained in a video picture played by a client.
In this embodiment, the content object in the video frame may include multiple types, for example, the content object may be a certain geographic location appearing in the video frame, an article used by a person, an event occurred, and the like. Then, a user watching a video through a client may be interested in the content object, and there is a need to retrieve the content object to obtain description information of the content object.
In one embodiment, a user may enter a custom message on a client to ask questions about content objects of interest in a video while viewing the video using the client. For example, a user can enter a barrage "where is this? "to ask questions about the scene or geographic location appearing in the video frame. Therefore, the user-defined message input by the user at the client can be received as the question message.
In another embodiment, in one case, the server may configure a corresponding preset question message for all or part of the content objects in the video screen in advance, and the server may send the preset question message corresponding to the content object to the client at the time when the content object appears (any time in the time period for playing the content object in the video screen). In another case, besides the client currently used by the user, users of other clients may also be interested in and ask questions of the content objects in the video frame when watching the same video. For example, other users can also send a self-defined barrage to the server through the used client to ask questions about content objects of interest in the video, and the server sends the barrage to all clients currently playing the video when receiving the barrage. Therefore, a non-custom message (for a user of a client) sent by a server can be received as the question message, wherein the non-custom message is a preset question message of the server or a defined message sent by other clients.
Step 204, receiving a reply message pushed by the server, where the reply message includes the description information of the content object.
In this embodiment, the description information of the content object may be a name of the content object, for example, when the content object is a certain geographic location, the description information may be a place name of the geographic location. Of course, the description information may be information of the content object in other dimensions, which is not limited by one or more embodiments of the present specification. For example, when the content object is an item, the description information may be a specification size of the item.
In this embodiment, after obtaining the question message, the client may display the question message. For example, when the question message is a bullet screen, the bullet screen may be presented in a video screen.
In this embodiment, when a user trigger operation for the question message is detected, a notification message related to the question message is sent to the server to instruct the server to acquire and return the reply message. For example, a question plug-in for active question asking can be set in a question message displayed in a video screen, and a user can click the question plug-in to implement a user-triggered operation on the question message (i.e., to indicate that a question is asked for a content object corresponding to the question message). Then, after detecting the click operation for the question plug-in, the client sends a notification message to the server to instruct the server to return a reply message. Of course, the server does not need to return the reply message after receiving the notification message.
For example, for the case that the question message is configured in advance by the server (i.e. the question message is a preset question message), and the question message is sent by another client different from the current client, a question plug-in may be set in the question message to be triggered when the content object asked by the question message is interested by each user (i.e. trigger the question message). Furthermore, after receiving the notification message, the server may only return a reply message to the client sending the notification message (i.e., the client that does not detect the trigger operation for the question message), so that the pressure of sending the reply message by the server may be reduced (the server does not need to send the reply message to the client that does not trigger the question message; actually, since the user triggers the question message through the client, it indicates that the user is likely to be uninteresting in the content object asked by the question message, and thus there is no need to send the reply message to the client). Of course, a reply message may also be returned to all clients playing the corresponding video. In the case that the question message is sent by the current client, the question plug-in need not be set (of course, the question plug-in may also be set), and when the question message sent by the current client is received, the corresponding reply message may be returned only to the current client. In fact, the question message is triggered by the user through the client, which shows that the user is interested in the content object asked by the question message, so that a question plug-in is not required to be set, but the response message is directly returned, the interaction of data is reduced, the user can obtain the response message as soon as possible, and the operation of the user is simplified (the user does not need to trigger the question plug-in again).
Step 206, the reply message is shown in the video picture.
In an embodiment, when the client displays the received reply message, the reply message can be displayed in the video picture in a bullet screen mode, so that the reply message is more intuitive and clear, and a user using the client can conveniently and quickly acquire the reply message.
In an embodiment, when presenting the received reply message, the client may present the reply message in the video screen in an overlapping manner. By displaying the reply message in a video image in an overlapping manner, the situation of jumping to other interfaces can be avoided, so that the influence on the video watching of the user is reduced, and the watching experience of the user is improved.
In an embodiment, a retrieval plug-in may be further provided for the reply message, and the user may click on the retrieval plug-in to implement a user-triggered operation for the reply message (i.e. to indicate that the user is interested in the description information in the reply message, and may further understand the content object and the description information). Then, when a user trigger operation for the reply message is detected, extended recommended content related to the description information may be acquired (acquired to the server side) and presented. When the client displays the extended recommended content, the client may refer to the above-mentioned manner of displaying the reply message.
It can be seen from the above embodiments that, through the above processes of obtaining the question message, receiving the reply message, and displaying the reply message, the operation of obtaining the description information of the content object in the video picture by the user can be simplified, thereby improving the efficiency of obtaining the description information. For example, if a user is interested in a geographic location in a current video screen, according to the pushing scheme of the video content object in the present specification, the user can obtain the description information of the geographic location by inputting a bullet screen to ask a question or triggering the bullet screen displayed on the client, and does not need to manually jump the client to another search page to search for obtaining the description information.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating another method for pushing a video content object according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 3, the method applied to the server may include the following steps:
step 302, determine the question message for the content object contained in the video picture played by the client.
In this embodiment, a non-custom message for asking a question for the content object may be determined, and the non-custom message is used as the question message, where the non-custom message is a preset question message of the server or a definition message sent by another client. Or, a user-defined message sent by the client and used for asking a question of the content object by the user can be received, and the user-defined message is used as the question message. For a detailed description of the question message, reference may be made to the related contents in step 202, which are not described herein again.
Step 304, obtaining a reply message corresponding to the question message, wherein the reply message contains the description information of the content object.
In this embodiment, the question message may be sent to the client, so that the client displays the question message, and obtains the reply message in response to a notification message sent by the client and related to the question message, where the notification message is sent by the client when detecting a user trigger operation for the question message. Similarly, the process can refer to the related content in step 204, and is not described herein again. Based on a mechanism that a user triggers a question message (which indicates that the user is interested in a content object asked by the question message) to enable a server to obtain and return a reply message, the type of interest of the user on the content object can be obtained statistically according to the question message triggered by the user (for example, according to the question message triggered by the user within a certain historical time period), and further, the type of the question message sent to a client (for example, a preset question message configured in advance by the server or a question message sent by other clients) (that is, the type of the content object asked by the question message) can be adjusted according to the statistically obtained type of interest, so that the sent question message can be accurately matched with the interest of the user. Specifically, according to a question message triggered by a user (a client can detect a user trigger operation for the question message), a content object of a corresponding type is marked as a user attention type, and the question message related to the user attention type is preferentially pushed to the client; and/or reduce or eliminate push for other types of quiz messages.
In this embodiment, when acquiring a reply message corresponding to a question message, in one case, the server may configure a corresponding preset reply message for all or part of content objects in the video screen in advance (that is, configure a corresponding preset reply message for the preset question message), and then the server may search for a preset reply message corresponding to the preset question message when acquiring a reply message corresponding to a question message (at this time, the question message is a preset question message). In another case, the question message is sent by the client (i.e. the question message is actively input by the user), the server may identify the video frame to which the question message is directed in real time, and determine a reply message corresponding to the question message according to the identification result for the video frame. For example, the user actively sends a barrage "where is good and is? And then the server identifies the video picture at 20 seconds in the 5 th minute in the video after receiving the bullet screen so as to determine the name of the 'this mountain' in the video picture, and generates a corresponding reply message according to the determined name.
Step 306, pushing the reply message to the client, so that the client displays the reply message in the video picture.
In this embodiment, an obtaining instruction (the obtaining instruction is used to instruct obtaining of the extended recommended content related to the description information) sent by the client when detecting the user trigger operation (refer to the related content in step 206 above) for the reply message may be received, and then the extended recommended content may be retrieved and returned to the client, so that the client may present the extended recommended content. It should be noted that, when the scheme of sending the preset question message is adopted, the corresponding search keywords can be configured on the basis of configuring the preset question message and the preset reply message; for example, the search keyword may be a video name + a name of a geographic location. Then, when the server needs to retrieve the extended recommended content, the server can directly retrieve according to the corresponding retrieval key words.
In this embodiment, users of other clients than the current client may also be interested in the same content object, for example, both user a and user B are interested in the sinkiang sky pool in the video picture, but user a first sends a question message (or triggers a preset question message) through client a and obtains a reply message, and if the server sends the reply message to other clients at this time, user B may obtain the reply message without sending the question message again or triggering the preset question message, thereby simplifying user operation. Thus, when the reply message is pushed to the client in step 306, the reply message may also be pushed to other clients besides the client.
For convenience of understanding, a scenario in which a user asks a geographic location by sending a bullet screen when watching a video is taken as an example, and a pushing scheme of a video content object in this specification is described in detail with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is an interaction diagram of a method for pushing a video content object according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 4, the interactive process may include the following steps:
step 402, the server configures a question bullet screen and a reply bullet screen in advance.
In this embodiment, the server serves as a video operation background to provide video data to the client. Meanwhile, the collecting of the geographical location information in the video under the specific scene may include: country/region, province, city, sight name, etc. The selection of the geographic position in the video may be flexibly set according to the actual situation, and one or more embodiments of the present specification do not limit this. Based on the selection of the geographic location, a question bullet screen and a corresponding reply bullet screen may be configured.
For example, as shown in fig. 5, a video frame in the "mauzu maritime grazing cloud memory" video includes a sinkiang sky pond 10, a lake 20 and a person 30. The Sinkiang sky pool 10 can be selected as a content object, and a preset question bullet screen and a preset answer bullet screen are configured. For example, the time period of occurrence of the Xinjiang sky pool 10 in the video is 45 ' 28 "-45 ' 52", and then it can be set where the preset quiz bullet screen "is sent at any time (e.g., at 45 ' 30") in the time period? ". Meanwhile, the method can also be used for configuring a question plug-in unit for triggering the bullet screen by a user when the bullet screen is sent to the client for display. Accordingly, a response bullet screen is configured for the question bullet screen, "here, the Sinkiang roof and the click me sees", is provided. The 'click-and-see' is a configured retrieval plug-in, and is displayed in a bold font to be obviously different from other contents, so that a user is informed that the plug-in can be triggered to acquire the extended recommended content. For the extended recommended content, the server may further set a search keyword for the pre-selected geographic location, so as to serve as a basis for searching when a subsequent user triggers searching (pushes the extended recommended content to the client used by the user). The search keyword may be set as the current video name + the position name, for example, jiuzhou marine grazing cloud memory + xinjiang sky pool.
And step 404, when the video is played to the sending time of the question bullet screen, sending the question bullet screen to the client.
Step 406, the client receives the question bullet screen and displays the received question bullet screen.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, when the video "jiuzhou marine grazing cloud record" is played to 45' 30 ", a quiz barrage" where is? ". Then, the client can display the question bullet in the played video frame, i.e. bullet 40 in fig. 6: "where is so beautiful? ". Meanwhile, the question bullet screen comprises a question plug-in unit 'question', and a user can realize the triggering of the question plug-in unit by clicking the 'question' to obtain a reply bullet screen, so that the geographical position of the question asked by the question bullet screen is obtained.
Step 408, the client detects a user trigger operation for the question bullet screen.
In step 410, the client sends a notification message to the server.
In this embodiment, when the client detects a click operation of a user on a "question," a notification message is sent to the server to instruct the server to return a reply barrage.
In step 412, the server searches for a corresponding reply barrage.
In step 414, the server sends the found reply barrage to the client.
In this embodiment, in one case, the server may only send a reply barrage to the current client (i.e., the client sending the notification message in step 410); in another case, a reply barrage may also be sent to all clients (playing the same video as the current client).
In step 416, the client displays the received reply barrage.
In this embodiment, where is the server receiving the client "so beautiful for the barrage? "after the notification message is sent, the reply barrage preset corresponding to the barrage is found", which is viewed by both the Sinkiang people and the client side, and the reply barrage is returned to the client side. As shown in fig. 6, the client may display the reply barrage on the basis of the video frame, that is, the barrage 50 in fig. 6: "here, Xinjiang river lake, see click me".
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the bullet screen is used as the form of the question message and the reply message, and other forms may also be adopted, and one or more embodiments in the present specification do not limit this. For example, a dialog box area may be set in the video screen, the user may input a question message in the dialog box area, and the client may also display a reply message returned by the server in the dialog box area.
In step 418, the client detects a user trigger operation for the reply barrage.
In step 420, the client sends an acquisition instruction to the server.
Step 422, the server side retrieves the extended recommended content.
Step 424, the server sends the extended recommended content to the client.
And step 426, displaying the extended recommended content by the client in an overlapping mode.
In this embodiment, the user may further obtain the extended recommended content by triggering a search plug-in the reply barrage. After the client displays the reply bullet screen, the user can trigger the reply message by clicking 'click me see' in the reply bullet screen, so that the server returns the extended recommended content. And for the search of the extended recommended content by the server, the server can take the search keywords which are configured aiming at the selected geographic position in advance as the search basis. For example, in step 402, the server configures a search keyword "jiuzhou marine grazing cloud memory + xinjiang sky pool" in advance, and when the user clicks "click me to see" in the bullet screen 50, the server can search for the keyword "jiuzhou marine grazing cloud memory + xinjiang sky pool" and return the search result to the client as the extended recommendation content. After receiving the extended recommended content, the client can display the extended recommended content in a video picture in an overlapping mode. By displaying the extended recommended content in the video picture in an overlapping manner, the situation of jumping to other interfaces can be avoided, so that the influence on the video watching of the user is reduced, and the watching experience of the user is improved.
For example, as shown in fig. 7, the client may show the extended recommended content 60 superimposed on the right side of the video screen. Further, the extended recommended content may include a related link, and the link is used to jump to a webpage or APP showing the specific extended recommended content. For example, the user may click "china-xinjiang-tianshan" in the extended recommendation content 60, and then jump to a related page of "pig travel APP", which displays information such as air tickets, routes, weather, and strategies of the sinkiang tianshan.
In this embodiment, based on a mechanism that a user obtains a reply bullet screen by triggering a question bullet screen (which indicates that the user is interested in a content object asked by the question bullet screen), a type of interest of the user to the content object (i.e., a type of interest of the user) may be obtained statistically according to the question bullet screen triggered by the user (e.g., according to the question bullet screen triggered by the user within a certain historical time period), and further, the type of the question bullet screen sent to the client (i.e., the type of the content object asked by the question bullet screen) may be adjusted according to the statistically obtained type of interest, so that the sent question bullet screen may be accurately matched with the interest of the user.
For example, for the geographic location, when the counted number of times of asking questions of a scenic spot belonging to a mountain (that is, the number of times of triggering a bullet screen asking questions of the scenic spot belonging to the mountain) is large when the user a watches the video, the subsequent server may add the pushing amount of the type (the bullet screen asking questions of the scenic spot belonging to the mountain) of the question bullet screen, and reduce the pushing amount of other types of question bullet screens.
For another example, for a plurality of content objects in a video frame, it is assumed that statistics result that a question bullet triggered by the user a when watching the video s is as shown in table 1:
object type of question
|
Number of triggers
|
Geographic location
|
2
|
Clothes
|
3
|
Ball shoes
|
6
|
……
|
…… |
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1, compared to the geographic location and the clothing, the user a pays more attention to the sneakers, and then the server may subsequently (when the client plays the video s or other videos) add the push amount of the bullet screen for asking the sneakers, thereby reducing the push amount of the bullet screen for asking the geographic location and the clothing.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is an interaction diagram of another method for pushing a video content object according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 8, the interactive process may include the following steps:
step 802, the client receives a question bullet screen input by the user.
And step 804, the client sends a question bullet screen to the server.
In this embodiment, when the user watches the video through the client, the user may be interested in a certain geographic location in the video frame, and then the user may obtain the description information about the geographic location by actively sending the question bullet screen. Also taking the video picture in fig. 5 as an example, when the user is interested in the sinkiang sky pond 10, the bullet screen "where snow mountain is? Cry is asked to ask questions of the Tianchi 10 in Xinjiang.
Step 806, the server identifies the content object asked by the question bullet screen.
In one case, in this embodiment, the server may identify the content object in real time. For example, the quiz bullet screen is sent at 45 '30 "of the video, and the server identifies the video picture of the video at 45' 30" to obtain the description information of the content object. In another case, similar to the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the server may also pre-configure a preset reply message (but not pre-configure a preset question message), where the preset reply message includes description information of a corresponding content object. For example, if the quiz bullet is sent at 45 '30 "of the video, the server may look for a reply message corresponding to time 45' 30" and containing the description information of the content object.
And 808, generating a reply barrage by the server according to the identification result.
Step 810, the server sends a reply barrage to the client.
In step 812, the client displays the reply barrage.
In step 814, the client detects a user trigger operation for the reply barrage.
Step 816, the client sends an acquisition instruction to the server.
In step 818, the server retrieves the extended recommended content.
In this embodiment, the server may obtain the extended recommended content in the manner in step 422, or may perform a search according to a format of a fixed search keyword. For example, the search is performed in the format of "name of video + name of geographical location".
And step 820, the server sends the extended recommended content to the client.
Step 822, the client displays the extended recommended content in an overlapping mode.
In the present embodiment, the process of steps 810-822 is similar to the process of steps 414-426, and will not be described herein again.
The embodiments shown in fig. 4 and 8 are described by taking the geographical position in the video image as an example. Of course, the user may also ask questions about other types of content objects in the video frame, which is not limited by one or more embodiments of the present description. For example, the user may also ask questions about the headband of character 30 of FIGS. 5-7, such as the brand, style, size, etc. of the headband.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment. Referring to fig. 9, at the hardware level, the apparatus includes a processor 902, an internal bus 904, a network interface 906, a memory 908, and a non-volatile memory 910, but may also include hardware required for other services. The processor 902 reads a corresponding computer program from the non-volatile memory 910 into the memory 908 and runs the computer program, thereby forming a push device of the video content object on a logical level. Of course, besides software implementation, the one or more embodiments in this specification do not exclude other implementations, such as logic devices or combinations of software and hardware, and so on, that is, the execution subject of the following processing flow is not limited to each logic unit, and may also be hardware or logic devices.
Referring to fig. 10, in a software implementation, the pushing device for the video content object may include:
a first acquisition unit 1001 that acquires a question message for a content object included in a video screen played by a client;
a receiving unit 1002, configured to receive a reply message sent by a server, where the reply message includes description information of the content object;
a first presentation unit 1003 that presents the reply message in the video screen.
Optionally, the first obtaining unit 1001 is specifically configured to:
receiving a non-self-defined message sent by a server to serve as the question message; the non-self-defined message is a preset question message of the server or a defined message sent by other clients;
or receiving a self-defined message input by the user at the client as the question message.
Optionally, the receiving unit 1002 is specifically configured to:
displaying the question message;
and when detecting the user trigger operation aiming at the question message, sending a notification message related to the question message to the server so as to instruct the server to acquire and return the reply message.
Optionally, the first display unit 1003 is specifically configured to:
displaying the reply message in the video picture in a bullet screen form.
Optionally, the first display unit 1003 is specifically configured to:
and displaying the reply message in the video picture in an overlapping way.
Optionally, the method further includes:
a second obtaining unit 1004 for obtaining the extended recommended content related to the description information when detecting a user trigger operation for the reply message;
a second presentation unit 1005 that presents the extended recommended content.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment. Referring to fig. 11, at the hardware level, the apparatus includes a processor 1102, an internal bus 1104, a network interface 1106, a memory 1108, and a non-volatile storage 1110, although other hardware required for services may be included. The processor 1102 reads a corresponding computer program from the non-volatile storage 1110 into the memory 1108 and then runs the computer program to form a push device of the video content object on a logical level. Of course, besides software implementation, the one or more embodiments in this specification do not exclude other implementations, such as logic devices or combinations of software and hardware, and so on, that is, the execution subject of the following processing flow is not limited to each logic unit, and may also be hardware or logic devices.
Referring to fig. 12, in a software implementation, the pushing device of the video content object may include:
a determining unit 1201 that determines a question message for a content object included in a video screen played by a client;
an obtaining unit 1202, configured to obtain a reply message corresponding to the question message, where the reply message includes the description information of the content object;
a first pushing unit 1203 pushes the reply message to the client, so that the client displays the reply message in the video screen.
Optionally, the determining unit 1201 is specifically configured to:
determining a non-self-defined message for asking a question of the content object, and taking the non-self-defined message as the question message; the non-self-defined message is a preset question message of the server or a defined message sent by other clients;
or receiving a user-defined message sent by the client and used for asking a question of the content object, and taking the user-defined message as the question message.
Optionally, the obtaining unit 1202 is specifically configured to:
sending the question message to the client to enable the client to display the question message;
and responding to a notification message which is sent by the client and is related to the question message, and obtaining the reply message, wherein the notification message is sent by the client when a user trigger operation aiming at the question message is detected.
Optionally, the method further includes:
a marking unit 1204, for marking the content object of the corresponding type as a user attention type according to the question message triggered by the user;
a second pushing unit 1205 that preferentially pushes the question message related to the user attention type to the client; and/or reduce or eliminate push for other types of quiz messages.
Optionally, the obtaining unit 1202 is specifically configured to:
searching a preset reply message corresponding to the question message;
or, determining a reply message corresponding to the question message according to the recognition result for the video picture.
Optionally, the method further includes:
a receiving unit 1206, configured to receive an obtaining instruction sent by the client when detecting a user trigger operation for the reply message, where the obtaining instruction is used to instruct to obtain extended recommended content related to the description information;
the retrieving unit 1207 retrieves and returns the extended recommended content to the client, so that the client displays the extended recommended content.
Optionally, the method further includes:
a third pushing unit 1208, which pushes the reply message to other clients except the client.
The systems, devices, modules or units illustrated in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product with certain functions. A typical implementation device is a computer, which may take the form of a personal computer, laptop computer, cellular telephone, camera phone, smart phone, personal digital assistant, media player, navigation device, email messaging device, game console, tablet computer, wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.
In a typical configuration, a computer includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic disk storage, quantum memory, graphene-based storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing description has been directed to specific embodiments of this disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may also be possible or may be advantageous.
The terminology used in the description of the one or more embodiments is for the purpose of describing the particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the description of the one or more embodiments. As used in one or more embodiments of the present specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in one or more embodiments of the present description to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments herein. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, and is not intended to limit the scope of the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.