CN109374091A - A kind of underground water level measurement device and measurement method - Google Patents
A kind of underground water level measurement device and measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109374091A CN109374091A CN201811289507.8A CN201811289507A CN109374091A CN 109374091 A CN109374091 A CN 109374091A CN 201811289507 A CN201811289507 A CN 201811289507A CN 109374091 A CN109374091 A CN 109374091A
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- geodimeter
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- plane mirror
- level
- hemispherical shell
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/30—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats
- G01F23/64—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats of the free float type without mechanical transmission elements
- G01F23/68—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats of the free float type without mechanical transmission elements using electrically actuated indicating means
- G01F23/686—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats of the free float type without mechanical transmission elements using electrically actuated indicating means using opto-electrically actuated indicating means
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
It further include the reflection unit for reflecting the light of geodimeter transmitting the invention discloses a kind of underground water level measurement device, including geodimeter；Reflection unit includes hemispherical shell, and the weight body for being fixed on arc surface center is equipped with inside hemispherical shell, and the density of weight body is greater than water density；Hemispherical shell is sealedly connected with plane mirror；Hemispherical shell is equipped with containing liquid chamber close to one end of plane mirror, is not more than the liquid of water density in containing liquid chamber filled with density, so that reflection unit can be swum on the water surface, and the weight of weight body can satisfy and flush plane mirror with the water surface；Configured with the water level calculation procedure for calculating level of ground water according to the distance of geodimeter to groundwater level in geodimeter.A kind of underground water level measurement method is also disclosed, using underground water level measurement device of the invention.The present invention solves the technical problem that reflecting surface in the prior art is difficult to keep level, reflecting effect difference causes measurement accuracy not high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to underground water level measurement technical field more particularly to a kind of underground water level measurement devices, further relate to one
Kind underground water level measurement method.
Background technique
With the continuous development that the quickening of urbanization process and traffic base are built, and these traffic infrastructures are to people
It brings great convenience.In engineering construction, many size engineering problems are nearly all closely related with the activity of underground water, especially
It is stability of the underground water to the destruction of roadbed, the erosion of bridge pile foundation and reduction tunnel surrounding, wherein groundwater activities
It is the major impetus for collapsing generation, the variation of level of ground water can cause the destruction of Rock And Soil, lead to the generation collapsed, give work order
The construction of position brings very big trouble.It therefore, is essential process to the measurement of level of ground water.
For now, existing underground water level measurement technology has: 1) cable type measures, and has weight in one end system of rope
And transfer to the water surface, judge that the water surface is contacted with weight by artificially perceiving, without electronic alarm signal, DATA REASONING lacks quasi-
True property.2) water quality electric conductivity is utilized, two disconnection electrode the end of a thread of a closed circuit are thrown into well, when the two poles of the earth being waited to contact water
Alarm signal is issued, closed circuit device is taken out and measures distance, but humidity is larger in well and the borehole wall has droplet, easily forms closure
Circuit alarm, causes measurement data mistake.3) emit radar wave method, radar wave is emitted to the water surface by radar, it is anti-through flow surface
It penetrates and receives radar wave, measure the elevation of underground water, this method cost is excessively high, and apparatus guarantee cost is big, inconvenient to carry.
4) electronic probe sensing method, easily there is the phenomenon that damaging and misleading in electronic probe, and during measurement, manpower is needed to mention repeatedly
It rises and decline is popped one's head in, consume a large amount of time and manpower.5) collector dynamic monitor is suitable for fixed point and measures underground water
, measurement is not convenient, and instrument investment is big, and the complicated for operation and management of instrument is cumbersome.6) existing geodimeter, using ground
It is lauched or reflective membrane reflection light.When reflective using the water surface, light will do it transmission and reflection in the water surface, and have impurity or drift in water
When floating object, it cannot be guaranteed that the water surface forms complete horizontal reflective surface, reflecting effect is poor；It is reflective when using reflective membrane reflected light
Film is relatively thin to belong to flexible material, is difficult to be placed into groundwater level in practice and forms the reflective flat of level levelling
Face.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of underground water level measurement device and measurement method, solves
The technical problem that reflecting surface is difficult to keep level in the prior art, reflecting effect difference causes measurement accuracy not high, is capable of forming water
Average whole reflecting surface, can be improved measurement accuracy.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, present invention employs the following technical solutions: a kind of underground water level measurement device,
Geodimeter including that can adjust levelness further includes the reflection unit for reflecting the light of geodimeter transmitting；
The reflection unit includes hemispherical shell, and the weight body for being fixed on its arc surface center is equipped with inside the hemispherical shell,
The density of weight body is greater than water density；The reflective surface plane external towards hemispherical shell is sealedly connected on the hemispherical shell
Reflective mirror, the plane mirror are parallel with the circular flat of hemispherical shell；The hemispherical shell is close to plane mirror
One end have a containing liquid chamber along hemispherical shell surface is circumferentially uniformly distributed, be not more than water density filled with density in the containing liquid chamber
Liquid so that reflection unit can be swum on the water surface, and the weight of weight body can satisfy makes plane mirror
It is flushed with the water surface.
Configured with the water for calculating level of ground water according to the distance of geodimeter to groundwater level in the geodimeter
Position calculation procedure, and be calculated as follows: H2=H1-H；Wherein, H2Indicate level of ground water；H1Indicate ground elevation；H is indicated
Height of the geodimeter apart from Groundwater plane, and H=h2-h1Δ h, h1Indicate geodimeter to ground distance
Measured value, h2Distance of the expression geodimeter to groundwater level；Δ h indicates geodimeter to the error of ground distance.
Preferably, the containing liquid chamber is the annular containing liquid chamber around hemispherical shell external surface or inner surface.
Preferably, the containing liquid chamber is the distributed containing liquid chamber for including several liquid storage units, several liquid storage units
It is circumferentially uniformly distributed around hemispherical shell inner surface or outer surface.
Preferably, the containing liquid chamber is to be arranged in hemispherical shell body and disc that is parallel and being located at below plane mirror
Containing liquid chamber.
Preferably, the liquid in the containing liquid chamber is using any one in water, ethyl alcohol and ester liquid.
Preferably, the geodimeter includes shell, and the outer casing top surface is equipped with level meter, the outer casing bottom center
Equipped with the light transceiver module that can receive and dispatch light along the vertical direction, if the outer casing bottom is distributed with around light transceiver module
Dry leveling spiral foot.
Preferably, controller, display screen and power supply are equipped in the shell；The signal input part and light of the controller
The signal output end of line transceiver module connects, and the signal output end of controller is connect with display screen signal input terminal；The shell
On be provided with the window that can expose display screen.
The present invention also provides a kind of underground water level measurement methods, using underground water level measurement device of the invention, including with
Lower step:
Step 1: from level of ground water hole decentralization reflection unit, reflection unit floating and the water surface, and plane mirror
It is flushed with the water surface；
Step 2: covering center on level of ground water hole and be provided with the backing plate of through-hole, and make through-hole water hole mouthful located underground
It is interior, plate thickness d1；It places on the through-hole of backing plate with a thickness of d2Interim plane mirror；
Step 3: by electro-optical distance measurement to be placed on backing plate, and making its light transmitting terminal towards interim plane mirror；So
The levelness for adjusting geodimeter afterwards, so that the transmitting light that geodimeter can be vertical towards interim plane mirror
Line；
Step 4: starting geodimeter, the distance of measurement geodimeter to interim plane mirror, using as photoelectricity
Measured value h of the rangefinder to ground distance1；Then, interim plane mirror is removed from through-hole, measurement geodimeter is to instead
The distance h of the distance of plane mirror on injection device, i.e. geodimeter to groundwater level2；
Step 5: geodimeter executes water level calculation procedure and calculates level of ground water H2, wherein Δ h=d1+d2, to complete
The measurement of level of ground water.
Preferably, the through slot that can accommodate interim reflective mirror, the through slot at least one end and backing plate are provided on the backing plate
Convenient for perforation, so as to remove plane mirror from through slot level.
Preferably, the depth of the through slot is equal to the thickness of interim plane mirror, so that interim plane mirror
It is flushed with backing plate upper surface；Also, Δ h=d1。
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1, underground water level measurement device of the invention increases the reflection unit with plane mirror, using plane mirror as instead
It is more smooth than the water surface to penetrate face, better reflecting effect can be generated to light；In addition, compared with reflective membrane, Bu Hui
It deforms, fold in water, adhesion, stability with higher.
2, reflection unit uses hemispherical shell, balance it can by uniform buoyancy convenient for holding in water, and
And the effect due to configuring body, make the center of gravity of reflection unit in arc surface center, tumbler structure can be thus formed, so that instead
Injection device put into water in after, circular arc portion downward, plane mirror upward, to guarantee plane mirror towards electro-optical distance measurement
Instrument.
3, reflection unit setting is not more than the liquid of water filled with density, so that reflection unit can swim in water
In, along with the weight body of approrpiate wts, plane mirror is flushed with the water surface after enabling to reflection unit to float, and in this way can
Error is reduced, measurement accuracy is improved.
4, the light transceiver module setting of geodimeter is in outer casing bottom, convenient for transmitting light downwards；Level meter setting
In outer casing top surface, convenient for observing the levelness of geodimeter.
5, display screen is arranged in geodimeter, so as to show the parameter in measurement process, such as ground elevation H1, table
Identity distance is liftoff to be lauched height H, the level of ground water H of horizontal plane2Deng.
6, underground water level measurement method of the invention by backing plate adjust geodimeter and can in water from
The reflection unit of balance, the fiber perpendicular that geodimeter can be made to emit is in the plane mirror of reflection unit, to improve
Measurement accuracy.
7, underground water level measurement method of the invention is in measurement parameter h1With h2When, geodimeter is in same position
Same level height, so that moving photoconductor rangefinder bring error is avoided, to improve measurement accuracy.
8, through slot is opened up on backing plate can be realized and smoothly remove interim plane mirror along through slot, avoid causing to shake
And geodimeter is caused to shift.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of reflection unit in present embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of geodimeter in present embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that underground water level measurement is carried out using the dip meter in present embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a kind of underground water level measurement device, the geodimeter including levelness can be adjusted, also
Reflection unit including the light for reflecting geodimeter transmitting；The reflection unit includes hemispherical shell 21, described
The weight body 22 for being fixed on its arc surface center is equipped with inside hemispherical shell 21, the density of weight body 22 is greater than water density；Institute
The plane mirror 23 that reflective surface is sealedly connected on hemispherical shell 21 towards hemispherical shell external 21 is stated, the plane is reflective
Mirror 23 is parallel with the circular flat of hemispherical shell 21；The hemispherical shell 21 is close to one end of plane mirror 23 along hemisphere
21 surface of shape shell is circumferentially uniformly distributed containing liquid chamber 24, is not more than the liquid of water density in the containing liquid chamber 24 filled with density
Body, so that reflection unit can be swum on the water surface, and the weight of weight body 22 can satisfy makes plane mirror 23
It is flushed with the water surface；
Configured with the water for calculating level of ground water according to the distance of geodimeter to groundwater level in the geodimeter
Position calculation procedure, and be calculated as follows: H2=H1-H；Wherein, H2Indicate level of ground water；H1Indicate ground elevation；H is indicated
The height of ground distance Groundwater plane, and H=h2-h1Δ h, h1Indicate the measurement of geodimeter to ground distance
Value, h2Distance of the expression geodimeter to groundwater level；Δ h indicates geodimeter to the error of ground distance.
Under measuring state, the reflection unit is swum on the water surface, and the weight of its weight body makes its plane mirror
It is flushed with the water surface, the geodimeter is laid at the position directly above of reflection unit, and the light transmitting-receiving of geodimeter
The plane mirror of module face reflection unit.
Underground water level measurement device increases the reflection unit with plane mirror 23, and water is compared using plane mirror as reflecting surface
Face is more smooth, can generate better reflecting effect to light；In addition, will not occur in water compared with reflective membrane
Deformation folds, adhesion, stability with higher.Reflection unit uses hemispherical shell 21, makes it in water can be by equal
Even buoyancy makes the center of gravity of reflection unit in arc surface center, in this way convenient for keeping balance, and the effect due to configuring body
Tumbler structure can be formed so that reflection unit investment water in after, circular arc portion downward, plane mirror 23 upward, thus
Guarantee plane mirror 23 towards geodimeter.Reflection unit setting is not more than the liquid of water filled with density, so that
Reflection unit can float in water, and along with the weight body 22 of approrpiate wts, plane is anti-after enabling to reflection unit to float
Light microscopic 23 is flushed with the water surface, can reduce error in this way, improves measurement accuracy.
The weight of configuration body can be determined by testing, specific: underground water be added in a reservoir, then selection is different
The weight body 22 of quality is fixed in each reflection unit (i.e. bottom in hemispherical shell 21), and sealing plane reflective mirror 23；
Reflection unit is put into container, selects and floats on the reflection dress that the water surface and plane mirror 23 are flushed with the water surface
It sets, using the configuration body weight of the reflection unit as the standard weights of production reflection unit.
Following several forms can be used in present embodiment containing liquid chamber 24:1 is arranged) containing liquid chamber 24 is around hemisphere
The annular containing liquid chamber 24 of 21 outer surface of shape shell or inner surface.2) containing liquid chamber 24 is the distributed storage for including several liquid storage units
Liquid storehouse 24, several liquid storage units are circumferentially uniformly distributed around 21 inner surface of hemispherical shell or outer surface.3) containing liquid chamber 24
For the disc containing liquid chamber 24 in setting hemispherical shell 21 and in parallel and positioned at 23 lower section of plane mirror.
Liquid in containing liquid chamber 24 described in present embodiment is using any one in water, ethyl alcohol and ester liquid
Kind.
In present embodiment, the geodimeter includes shell 11, and 11 top surface of shell is equipped with level meter 14,
11 bottom center of shell is equipped with the light transceiver module 12 (laser transmitting-receiving module) that can receive and dispatch light along the vertical direction, institute
It states 11 bottom part ring of shell and several leveling spiral feet 13 is distributed with around light transceiver module 12, light can be made by adjusting leveling spiral foot
Electrical measurement distance meter is horizontal.The setting of light transceiver module 12 of geodimeter is in 11 bottom of shell, convenient for transmitting light downwards；It is horizontal
The setting of instrument 14 is in 11 top surface of shell, convenient for observing the levelness of geodimeter.Display screen 15 is arranged in geodimeter, so as to
The parameter in measurement process is enough shown, such as ground elevation H1, indicate height H of the geodimeter apart from Groundwater plane,
Lower water level H2Deng.
Geodimeter can also use laser range finder in the prior art, as " one kind is based on Laser Measuring to Chinese patent
Away from laser water-level gauge (publication number CN20352718U) " disclosed in laser water-level gauge, in the upper water level of the invention of wherein configuration
Calculation procedure can be used.
In present embodiment, controller, display screen and power supply are equipped in the shell 11；The letter of the controller
Number input terminal is connect with the signal output end of light transceiver module 12, the signal output end and display screen signal input terminal of controller
Connection；The window that can expose display screen 15 is provided on the shell 11.
A kind of underground water level measurement method, using the underground water level measurement device in present embodiment, measuring principle
As shown in Figure 3, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: from level of ground water hole decentralization reflection unit 2, the floating of reflection unit 2 and the water surface, and plane is reflective
Mirror 23 is flushed with the water surface；Vertical decentralization reflection unit can also be transferred using cord suspension reflection unit.
Step 2: covering center on level of ground water hole and be provided with the backing plate 3 of through-hole, and make through-hole water hole mouthful located underground
It is interior, plate thickness d1；It places on the through-hole of backing plate with a thickness of d2Interim plane mirror 4.
Step 3: by geodimeter 1 to be placed on backing plate 3, and making its light transmitting terminal towards interim plane mirror
4；Then the levelness of geodimeter 1 is adjusted, so that geodimeter 1 can be vertical towards interim plane mirror 4
Transmitting light.
Step 4: starting geodimeter 1, measurement geodimeter 1 arrives the distance of interim plane mirror 4, using as light
Electrical measurement distance meter 1 arrives the measured value h of ground distance1；Then, interim plane mirror 4 is removed from through-hole, measures geodimeter
The distance of plane mirror 23 on 1 to reflection unit 2, i.e. geodimeter 1 arrive the distance h of groundwater level2。
Step 5: geodimeter 1 executes water level calculation procedure and calculates level of ground water H2, wherein Δ h=d1+d2, thus complete
At the measurement of level of ground water.
Underground water level measurement method of the invention by backing plate 3 adjust geodimeter 1 and can in water from
The reflection unit 2 of balance can make the fiber perpendicular of the transmitting of geodimeter 1 in the plane mirror 23 of reflection unit 2, thus
Improve measurement accuracy.Underground water level measurement method of the invention is in measurement parameter h1With h2When, geodimeter 1 is same
Position same level height, so that 1 bring error of moving photoconductor rangefinder is avoided, to improve measurement accuracy.
In present embodiment, the through slot that can accommodate interim reflective mirror is provided on the backing plate 3, the through slot is at least
One end and backing plate 3 are convenient for perforation, so as to remove interim plane mirror 4 from through slot level.Through slot is opened up on backing plate 3,
It can be realized and smoothly remove interim plane mirror 4 along through slot, avoid causing to shake and geodimeter 1 is caused to shift.
In present embodiment, the depth of the through slot is equal to the thickness of interim plane mirror 4, so that temporarily
Plane mirror 4 is flushed with 3 upper surface of backing plate；Also, Δ h=d1.In such manner, it is possible to reduce by interim 4 thickness of plane mirror
Bring accumulated error.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of underground water level measurement device, the geodimeter including levelness can be adjusted, it is characterised in that: further include using
In the reflection unit of the light of reflection geodimeter transmitting；The reflection unit includes hemispherical shell, the hemispherical shell
Internal portion is equipped with the weight body for being fixed on its arc surface center, and the density of weight body is greater than water density；On the hemispherical shell
It is sealedly connected with the reflective surface plane mirror external towards hemispherical shell, the circle of the plane mirror and hemispherical shell
Plane is parallel；The hemispherical shell has liquid storage along hemispherical shell surface is circumferentially uniformly distributed close to one end of plane mirror
Storehouse, the interior liquid for being not more than water density filled with density of the containing liquid chamber, so that reflection unit can be swum on the water surface,
And the weight of weight body, which can satisfy, flushes plane mirror with the water surface；
Configured with the water-level gauge for calculating level of ground water according to the distance of geodimeter to groundwater level in the geodimeter
Program is calculated, and is calculated as follows: H2=H1-H；Wherein, H2Indicate level of ground water；H1Indicate ground elevation；H indicates photoelectricity
The height of distance by stadimeter Groundwater plane, and H=h2-h1Δ h, h1Indicate the measurement of geodimeter to ground distance
Value, h2Distance of the expression geodimeter to groundwater level；Δ h indicates geodimeter to the error of ground distance.
2. underground water level measurement device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the containing liquid chamber is around hemispherical shell
The annular containing liquid chamber of external surface or inner surface.
3. underground water level measurement device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the containing liquid chamber be include several storages
The distributed containing liquid chamber of liquid unit, circumferential uniform point around hemispherical shell inner surface or outer surface of several liquid storage units
Cloth.
4. underground water level measurement device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the containing liquid chamber is setting hemispherical shell
Disc containing liquid chamber that is internal and parallel and being located at below plane mirror.
5. underground water level measurement device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the liquid in the containing liquid chamber uses
Any one in water, ethyl alcohol and ester liquid.
6. underground water level measurement device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the geodimeter includes shell,
The outer casing top surface is equipped with level meter, and the outer casing bottom center is equipped with the light transmitting-receiving mould that can receive and dispatch light along the vertical direction
Several leveling spiral feet are distributed with around light transceiver module in block, the outer casing bottom.
7. underground water level measurement device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: be equipped with controller in the shell, show
Display screen and power supply；The signal input part of the controller is connect with the signal output end of light transceiver module, the letter of controller
Number output end is connect with display screen signal input terminal；The window that can expose display screen is provided on the shell.
8. a kind of underground water level measurement method, it is characterised in that: want any level of ground water survey in 1 to 7 using such as right
Measure device, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: from level of ground water hole decentralization reflection unit, reflection unit floating and the water surface, and plane mirror and water
Face flushes；
Step 2: covering center on level of ground water hole and be provided with the backing plate of through-hole, and make in through-hole water hole mouthful located underground, pad
Plate thickness is d1；It places on the through-hole of backing plate with a thickness of d2Interim plane mirror；
Step 3: by electro-optical distance measurement to be placed on backing plate, and making its light transmitting terminal towards interim plane mirror；Then it adjusts
The levelness for saving geodimeter, so that the transmitting light that geodimeter can be vertical towards interim plane mirror；
Step 4: starting geodimeter, the distance of measurement geodimeter to interim plane mirror, using as electro-optical distance measurement
Measured value h of the instrument to ground distance1；Then, interim plane mirror is removed from through-hole, measurement geodimeter is filled to reflection
The distance h of the distance for the plane mirror set, i.e. geodimeter to groundwater level2；
Step 5: geodimeter executes water level calculation procedure and calculates level of ground water H2, wherein Δ h=d1+d2, to complete underground
The measurement of water level.
9. underground water level measurement method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: be provided with to accommodate on the backing plate and face
When reflective mirror through slot, the through slot at least one end and backing plate are reflective so as to remove plane from through slot level convenient for perforation
Mirror.
10. underground water level measurement method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: the depth of the through slot is equal to interim
The thickness of plane mirror, so that interim plane mirror is flushed with backing plate upper surface；Also, Δ h=d1。
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| CN110631654A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-12-31 | 刘福东 | Depth measurement method based on underground water |
| CN113267231A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-17 | 重庆市地质灾害防治中心 | Underground water level monitoring device and monitoring method thereof |
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| CN103868569A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-06-18 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Device and setting method for measuring underground water level of vacuum drainage prepressing sealing membrane |
| CN105424139A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-03-23 | 河海大学 | Underground water level seal measuring device and method based on ultrasonic negative pressure |
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| CN110631654A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-12-31 | 刘福东 | Depth measurement method based on underground water |
| CN110631654B (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2021-11-19 | 刘福东 | Depth measurement method based on underground water |
| CN113267231A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-17 | 重庆市地质灾害防治中心 | Underground water level monitoring device and monitoring method thereof |
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