CN114001801B

CN114001801B - Long-term underground water level observation device and observation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114001801B
Application number: CN202111510621.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 焦友军; 潘晓东; 曾洁
Original assignee: Institute of Karst Geology of CAGS
Current assignee: Institute of Karst Geology of CAGS
Priority date: 2021-06-28
Filing date: 2021-12-10
Publication date: 2022-07-05
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-10
Also published as: CN114001801A; CN113503941A

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a long-term groundwater level observation apparatus and an observation method thereof, the long-term groundwater level observation apparatus including: the buoy type liquid level meter comprises a buoy containing a heavy object and a soft scale, wherein two ends of the soft scale are connected to the buoy, scale marks are arranged on the soft scale, and when the buoy floats up and down along with the change of the underground water level, the scale reading of the underground water current liquid level on the soft scale changes correspondingly; and the image collector is combined with the fixed window, the scale reading of the current underground water liquid level on the soft scale is positioned in the fixed window, and the image collector is used for collecting and storing the image of the scale reading of the current underground water liquid level on the soft scale. The long-term underground water level observation device and the observation method thereof provided by the embodiment of the disclosure improve the underground water observation accuracy in field hydrogeological work, and the observation system is stable and intuitive, has low cost and realizes long-term observation.

Description

Long-term underground water level observation device and observation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogeology, in particular to a long-term underground water level observation device and an observation method thereof.

Background

In hydrology and geology, the field long-term observation of underground water level is an important work, and provides basic data support for researching water resource quantity and dynamic change of underground aquifers. However, in some areas, such as the southwest karst mountainous area, the field conditions of natural underground water outcrops such as spring water and underground rivers are hard, and if standard observation facilities same as hydrologic stations are made, the budget cost is greatly increased, so that hydrogeology test and observation are carried out on spring points and underground river outlets in the field karst mountainous area, long-term observation is easier to realize by adopting small and medium-sized simple equipment, the cost can be reasonably brought into project budget, and the smooth completion of work is facilitated.

In addition, in the research on the relation between the deformation of the geological fracture zone and the change of the underground water and the research on the earthquake and the underground water, because the deformation of the fracture zone in a short time is very small and the change of the underground water level is also very small, a high-precision underground water observation method and equipment are needed, and the precision of a millimeter level can be at least ensured. Most of the underground water level long-term observation equipment adopted at present cannot reach the millimeter-scale precision.

At present, most of instruments for observing underground water in field hydrogeology work adopt a pressure conduction type water level gauge probe, but the pressure conduction type water level gauge has the defects of poor measurement precision, centimeter-level error and incapability of meeting the observation precision when the underground water level with small flow changes less. Except for a pressure conduction type observation method, an ultrasonic wave and laser radar ranging observation method is adopted, but the two methods need to perform ultrasonic wave and laser radar signal conversion, are high in equipment price and complex in installation, are limited by instrument cost, and can be rarely installed in places with poor field conditions.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the disclosure provides a long-term underground water level observation device and an observation method thereof, which can improve the accuracy of long-term underground water level observation in field hydrogeology work, are more stable and intuitive, have low cost and can realize long-term observation.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure is as follows:

the disclosed embodiment provides a long-term ground water level observation device, includes:

the buoy type liquid level meter comprises a float and a soft scale, wherein two ends of the soft scale are connected to the float, scale marks are arranged on the soft scale, and when the float floats up and down along with the change of the underground water level, the scale reading of the current underground water level on the soft scale changes correspondingly;

and the image collector is provided with a fixed window, and the scale reading of the current underground water liquid level on the soft scale is positioned in the fixed window and is used for collecting and storing the image of the scale reading of the current underground water liquid level on the soft scale.

Exemplarily, the solid weight the buoy type liquid level meter further comprises a pulley assembly, the buoy has a hollow cavity, the bottom of the hollow cavity is filled with the solid weight, the gravity of the solid weight and the buoyancy of the buoy are in a predetermined relationship, the soft scale is wound on the pulley assembly, the first end of the soft scale is connected to the top end of the buoy, and the second end of the soft scale is connected to the bottom end of the buoy. Exemplarily, the pulley assembly at least comprises a first fixed pulley and a second fixed pulley, the buoy floats on the ground water level, the solid weight is fixed at the position above the ground water level by the first fixed pulley, the second fixed pulley is fixed at the position below the ground water level, the first end of the soft scale is connected with the bottom end of the buoy, and the second end of the soft scale is connected with the top end of the buoy by the solid weight after sequentially bypassing the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley, so that the soft scale and the buoy form a closed loop.

Illustratively, the long-term groundwater level observation apparatus further includes: be fixed in the guard box of groundwater liquid level top, the second fixed pulley with image collector fixes in the guard box, just be in on the guard box inside wall, be located the horizontal position department of image collector's fixed window is equipped with the scale indicator, the scale indicator can indicate scale mark on the soft scale, just the scale that the scale indicator instructed does the scale reading of the current liquid level of groundwater is levied on the soft scale.

Illustratively, the scale indicator comprises: two triangular indication scale plates; and, connect two triangles and instruct the steel wire of scale tablet between, level setting, two triangles are instructed the scale tablet and are located respectively the relative both sides of soft scale, and every triangle instructs the scale tablet to include a horizontal limit, just two triangles instruct the horizontal limit of scale tablet all with the steel wire is in on same water straight line, two closed angles that scale tablet was instructed to two triangles set up in opposite directions, and all direct the scale mark of soft scale.

Exemplarily, the long-term groundwater level observation device further comprises a strainer connected below the fixed protection box, the strainer is a hollow pipe body, one end of the strainer is a closed end, the other end of the strainer is an open end, the open end of the strainer is connected and communicated with the fixed protection box, the first fixed pulley is fixed on the strainer, and the float is arranged in a hollow cavity of the strainer.

Exemplarily, the inside division board that is equipped with of strainer, the division board will the well cavity of strainer is divided into first cavity and second cavity, first fixed pulley is located the division board below, just the one end of soft scale is connected float and is located in the first cavity, the other end of soft scale is walked around first fixed pulley, and is followed the second cavity extends to on the second fixed pulley.

Illustratively, the strainer comprises: the filter comprises an inner layer filter pipe, an outer layer filter pipe and a fine mesh screen, wherein the inner layer filter pipe and the outer layer filter pipe are sleeved together; the inner layer water filter pipe and the outer layer water filter pipe are both PVC sieve pipes, and the fine mesh screen is a stainless steel fine mesh screen.

The embodiment of the disclosure also provides an underground water level observation method, which adopts the long-term underground water level observation device to observe underground water level, and the method comprises the following steps:

placing a float type liquid level meter in underground water to be observed, wherein when the float floats up and down along with the change of the underground water level, the scale reading of the current underground water level on the soft scale changes correspondingly;

and acquiring and storing an image of the scale reading of the current underground water level on the soft scale through an image acquisition device so as to observe the underground water level according to the image.

In an exemplary embodiment, the method, the acquiring and storing, by an image acquirer, an image of a scale reading indicating a current underground water level on the soft scale, so as to observe the underground water level according to the image, specifically includes:

setting a timing photographing time interval of the image collector, and storing the image collected by the image collector in a memory card, or transmitting the collected image to a processor;

and sequencing the images according to time, and processing the images through a manual work or a processor to obtain underground water level observation data which are arranged in time sequence in a continuous time period.

Illustratively, the method further comprises:

when detecting that the image collector fails and cannot work normally, alarming; and/or

When the scale reading in the scale reading image collected by the image collector is identified to be larger than a first preset value or smaller than a second preset value, alarming is carried out; and/or

And alarming when the scale reading change value is lower than a threshold value within a preset continuous time period in the scale reading image collected by the image collector.

The beneficial effects brought by the embodiment of the disclosure are as follows:

the embodiment of the disclosure provides a long-term underground water level observation device and an observation method thereof, wherein a float type liquid level meter is applied to underground water level observation, and is particularly suitable for long-term observation of underground water points with severe field conditions in the field of hydrogeology; meanwhile, the problem that the atmospheric pressure of the pressure type water level meter is unstable is avoided, the installation condition of the field long-term underground water level observation is considered, the structure is simple and ingenious, and the cost is far lower than that of other observation equipment in the professional field.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a long term groundwater level observation apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a scale on a soft scale in a fixed window in the long-term groundwater level observation device provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view illustrating a strainer in a long-term groundwater level observation device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a long-term groundwater level observation device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the disclosure without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the disclosure.

Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," and the like in this disclosure is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a," "an," or "the" and similar referents do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item preceding the word comprises the element or item listed after the word and its equivalent, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.

Before describing in detail the long-term groundwater level observation apparatus and observation method thereof provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, it is necessary to describe the following for the related art:

in hydrology and geology, the field long-term observation of underground water level is an important work, and provides basic data support for researching water resource quantity and dynamic change of underground aquifers. However, in southwest karst mountainous areas, due to the fact that field conditions of natural underground water outcrops such as spring water and underground rivers are hard, power supply facilities are not provided in the areas, and even villages and roads are not provided. Therefore, if standard hydraulic buildings such as hydraulic engineering and hydraulic stations are made in these places to carry out hydrological observation, the cost is greatly increased, and therefore, the long-term automatic underground water observation cannot be completed under a limited budget due to severe field conditions.

At present, aiming at carrying out hydrogeological test and observation on spring points and underground river outlets in a field karst mountain area, small and medium-sized simple equipment is adopted, long-term observation is easier to realize, and cost can be reasonably brought into project budget, so that the smooth completion of work is facilitated.

In addition, in the research on the relation between the deformation of the geological fracture zone and the change of the underground water and the research on the earthquake and the underground water, because the deformation of the fracture zone in a short time is very small and the change of the underground water level is also very small, a high-precision underground water observation method and equipment are needed, and the precision of at least a millimeter level can be ensured. Most of the underground water level long-term observation equipment adopted at present cannot reach the millimeter-scale precision.

In the related technology, the pressure conduction type water level gauge probe is mostly adopted in the instrument for observing underground water in field hydrogeological work, the volume is small, the water pressure can be automatically recorded for a long time, and the instrument can be directly placed in an underwater protection device for observation. However, it has a disadvantage that the atmospheric pressure and the water pressure are recorded simultaneously, and the atmospheric pressure needs to be subtracted when calculating the water level, however, since the local atmospheric pressure is not stable, the atmospheric pressure at one position cannot represent the atmospheric pressure at other positions, resulting in errors in the data processing process. For example, in the south west karst area, the flow is very large in rainy season and small in dry season, and the flow is calculated by observing the water depth of a triangular weir through a long sequence of pressure type water level probes. Particularly, when the underground water level changes little in dry seasons and the local atmospheric pressure in mountainous areas changes greatly, the obtained underground water level observation value has a large error and even has a negative value, and the requirement of field hydrogeological observation cannot be met. Therefore, there is a need to find other more accurate methods to observe the groundwater level.

In addition to the pressure conduction type groundwater level observation method, there are also ultrasonic and laser ranging groundwater level observation methods. The underground water level observation method based on ultrasonic and laser ranging can accurately measure the water level, but signals of ultrasonic waves, laser and electromagnetic waves in the instrument need to be converted through a signal controller. The existing ultrasonic water level meters or laser and radar water level measuring instruments are mostly adopted in hydrology stations and hydraulic engineering or used under sufficient conditions in laboratories, equipment capable of automatically recording long-term observation functions is high in price and complex in installation, and installation can be rarely achieved in places with poor field conditions.

In addition, in the related art, the float type liquid level meter is a mechanical observation instrument with the simplest principle and structure, is the most intuitive liquid level measuring mode, has the simplest principle, the highest equipment precision, can be manufactured by self, and has low cost, but the existing float type liquid level meter capable of realizing automatic observation needs to adopt modes such as electric signal conversion, and the like, or the scale is a fixed scale, so the instrument has a complicated structure and poor accuracy, and the float type liquid level meter is not applied to long-term automatic observation of field underground water at present.

Based on the problems, the embodiment of the disclosure provides a long-term groundwater level observation device and an observation method thereof, wherein a buoy type liquid level meter is applied to long-term groundwater level observation, and is particularly suitable for long-term observation of groundwater spots with severe field conditions in the field of hydrogeology.

The long-term groundwater level observation device and the observation method thereof provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are explained in detail below.

As shown in fig. 1, the long-term groundwater level observation device provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure mainly includes two parts, that is, a float-type level gauge 100 for placing in groundwater and an image collector 200 disposed above a groundwater level, wherein the float-type level gauge 100 includes a float 110 capable of floating up and down along with a change in groundwater level and a soft scale 120 having two ends connected to the float 110, the soft scale 120 is provided with a scale mark 130, the float 110 is capable of floating up and down along with a change in groundwater level, and a scale reading of a current groundwater level on the soft scale 120 changes accordingly; the image collector 200 has a fixed window, the scale reading of the current underground water level on the soft scale 120 is located in the fixed window, and the image collector 200 is used for collecting and storing the image of the scale reading of the current underground water level on the soft scale 120.

The long-term groundwater level observation device provided by the embodiment of the disclosure applies the float type liquid level meter 100 to long-term groundwater level observation, and is particularly suitable for long-term observation of groundwater spots with severe field conditions in the field of hydrogeology, wherein the float type liquid level meter 100 with a mechanical structure is installed in groundwater, and can float up and down along with water level change according to the float 110 of the float type liquid level meter 100, so that scale reading of groundwater liquid level on a soft scale 120 connected with the float 110 is correspondingly changed, and the liquid level reading is directly obtained by collecting an image of the scale reading on the scale, therefore, compared with water level observation modes such as ultrasonic wave and laser radar ranging, instrument signal conversion is not needed, and the maximum accuracy can be ensured by directly obtaining the scale reading image on the scale; meanwhile, the problem that the atmospheric pressure of the pressure type water level meter is unstable is avoided, the installation condition of the field underground water level observation is considered, the structure is simple and ingenious, and the cost is far lower than that of other observation equipment in the professional field.

It should be noted that the long-term groundwater level observation device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied to various groundwater level observations, and is particularly applicable to field long-term groundwater level observation work with severe conditions, and is particularly applicable to research on groundwater level observation requiring high-precision observation such as geological fracture zone deformation and groundwater change, earthquake and groundwater, and the like.

The long-term groundwater level observation apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is described in more detail below.

The float-type liquid level meter 100 used in the embodiment of the present disclosure may be a mechanical-type liquid level meter, and does not require signal conversion. In some embodiments, the structure of the floating level meter 100 may be that the floating level meter 100 may include: the buoy 110, the soft scale 120 and the solid weight of pulley assembly, the buoy 110 has a hollow cavity, and the bottom of the hollow cavity is filled with the solid weight 150, the gravity of the solid weight 150 and the buoyancy of the buoy 110 are in a predetermined relation, the soft scale 120 is wound on the pulley assembly, the first end of the soft scale 120 is connected to the top end of the buoy 110, and the second end of the soft scale 120 is connected with the solid weight at the bottom end of the buoy 110.

By applying the buoy-type liquid level meter 100, the solid weight 110 is respectively connected with two ends of the soft scale 120, the solid weight 150 is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the buoy 110, that is, the buoy 110 is combined with the solid weight 150, the middle part of the soft scale 120 is lapped on the pulley assembly, after the buoy-type liquid level meter 100 is placed in underground water, at least part of the volume of the buoy 110 is submerged in the water, at the moment, a stable system is formed between the buoy 110 and the soft scale 120, when the underground water level is lifted, the buoy 110 is lifted due to the change of the drainage volume, the soft scale 120 is also moved along with the displacement, and finally, new balance is achieved. Therefore, observing the scale reading change on the soft scale 120 within the fixed window of the image collector 200 can represent the rise and fall of the groundwater level.

In the above embodiment, the float 110 and the solid weight 150 are integrated into a whole and connected to form a closed loop, but in other embodiments, a solid weight may be separately provided at the second end of the tape without the solid weight in the float, that is, the float 110 and the solid weight 150 are independent from each other. The embodiment described above combines the float 110 and the solid weight 150 into one body, compared with the scheme of mutually independent float and solid weight, for example, if the solid weight and the float are mutually independent, the movement of the tape is unstable, and by combining the float and the solid weight into one body, the system of the whole observation device can be more stable, the movement of the tape is more stable, and further the observation result is more accurate, and the practical applicability is higher under various field water conditions.

It should be noted that, the solid weight 150 may be a lead weight. It should be noted that the specific structure of the pulley assembly is not limited, and various structures can be adopted.

The floating level gauge 100 should be designed to be as simple and inexpensive as possible in view of limited field underground water level observation conditions.

Therefore, it is necessary to design a float-type level gauge 100 that can be used for long-term underground water long-term automatic detection in the field, while ensuring its simple structure, low cost and high measurement accuracy.

In order to achieve the above purpose, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the floating type liquid level meter 100 applied to field long-term underground water level observation is structurally modified to achieve the simplest mechanical water level observation method.

As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the floating level gauge 100, the pulley assembly at least includes a first fixed pulley 141 and a second fixed pulley 142, the float 110 floats on the ground water level, the first fixed pulley 141 is fixed above the ground water level, the second fixed pulley 142 is fixed below the ground water level, a first end of the soft scale 120 is connected to a bottom end of the float 110, and a second end of the soft scale 120 sequentially passes around the first fixed pulley 141 and the second fixed pulley 142 and then is connected to a top end of the float 110.

In the above scheme, two fixed pulleys are used, so that the soft scale 120 can move synchronously with the up-and-down movement of the water surface float 110, one fixed pulley is fixedly installed above the groundwater liquid level, and the other fixed pulley is installed below the groundwater liquid level.

The buoy type liquid level meter 100 is simple in structure, the buoy 110 can float up and down along with the change of the liquid level through the balance among the buoy 110, the first fixed pulley 141, the second fixed pulley 142, the solid weight and the soft scale 120, direct observation can be achieved, the accuracy is high, and the observation requirements are met. Through the first fixed pulley 141 and the second fixed pulley 142, the soft scale 120 can move along with the water level, meanwhile, the second fixed pulley 142 converts the gravity of the solid weight 150 into the downward pulling force of the buoy, so that the pulling force and the buoyancy are balanced, the buoyancy is skillfully utilized to immerse the part of the buoy in the water, and the observation system is more stable than the buoy directly pulled upwards without the fixed pulley. In addition, the long-term automatic observation is easily realized by combining the timing image acquisition of a mature infrared camera on the market. The method has greatly reduced cost and improved accuracy.

In some embodiments, the soft scale 120 is designed according to the structure shown in fig. 2, and can be made of white film, and the scale on the soft scale 120 can be designed in the following manner: the scale markings start with 0 and mark a full number every 1 cm. Wherein the interval between the large marked scales is 5mm, and the interval between the small marked scales is 1 mm. It will of course be appreciated that the specific structural design for the soft scale 120 is not so limited.

Furthermore, in some embodiments, the float 110 may be cylindrical, so as to facilitate calculation of the buoyancy and volume of the float 110, for example, the calculation is performed at an acceleration of gravity of 9.8N/kg, and assuming that the buoyancy of the float 110 completely submerged in water is 9.8N, the volume of the float 110 is about 1L, so the size length of the float 110 may be 50cm, and the cross-sectional area of the cylinder may be 20cm². It will be appreciated, of course, that the specific construction of the float 110 is not limited thereto. Furthermore, it should be noted that, in order to ensure structural stability, the relationship between the float and the solid weight is best satisfied: when the float 110 is balanced with the solid weight 150 and the tape, the float is submerged in water for at least one third of its volume.

In addition, in some embodiments, the solid weight 150 may have a gravity of 4.9N, the solid weight has a mass of 500g, and the solid weight 150 may be made of lead, so as to minimize the volume of the solid weight 150 without changing the mass of the solid weight 150, and at the same time, the solid weight 150 should be made of a cylindrical solid weight 150 having a longer length. It is understood, of course, that the specific material and mass parameters of the solid weight 150 are not limited thereto.

In addition, in order to guarantee the stability of the long-term groundwater level observing apparatus and the service life, etc., in consideration of the harsh environmental conditions of the field long-term groundwater observation, in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the long-term groundwater level observing apparatus further includes: be fixed in guard box 300 of groundwater liquid level top, second fixed pulley 142 with image collector 200 is fixed in guard box 300, and on the guard box 300 inside wall, be located the horizontal position department of image collector 200's fixed window is equipped with scale indicator 500, scale indicator 500 can indicate scale mark 130 on the soft scale 120, just the scale that scale indicator 500 indicated does the scale reading of the present liquid level of groundwater is gone up to the soft scale 120.

In the above scheme, by providing the protection box 300, on one hand, the image acquirer 200 and the second fixed pulley 142 and other components are protected, and on the other hand, the protection box 300 can play a role of providing fixed support for the image acquirer 200, the second fixed pulley 142, the scale indicator 500 and the like.

In addition, in the above scheme, a fixed window a (as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2 by a dashed line frame) may be formed by adjusting a distance between the photographing lens of the image acquirer 200 and the soft scale 120, and the scale of the soft scale 120 may be located at a central position of the fixed window a.

Further in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the scale indicator 500 comprises: two triangular indicating scale tiles 510; and, connect two triangles indicate steel wire 520 of level setting between scale tablet 510, two triangles indicate scale tablet 510 to be located respectively soft scale 120's relative both sides, and every triangle indicates that scale tablet 510 includes a horizontal limit, just two triangles indicate scale tablet 510's horizontal limit all with steel wire 520 is in on same water straight line, two closed angles that scale tablet 510 was instructed to two triangles set up in opposite directions, and all point to soft scale 120's scale mark 130.

In the above scheme, before image collector 200's taking lens, middle horizontal position is close to soft scale 120's position can set up scale indicator 500, the accessible of scale tablet 510 is instructed to two triangles of this scale indicator 500 the guard box 300 inner wall is fixed, the closed angle that scale tablet 510 was instructed to the triangle extends to before soft scale 120, and the horizontal limit can be located image collector 200's taking lens's fixed window midpoint.

The triangular indication scale 510 may be made of a small-angle triangular iron plate, which may be a striking color, for example, a red triangular indication scale 510; in addition, connect through a horizontally steel wire 520 between two triangle instruction scale tablet 510, and two triangle instruction scale tablet 510's horizontal limit is in same horizontal straight line with steel wire 520, just so guaranteed the scale reading accuracy of the flexible rule in the fixed window, for example, can be accurate to the millimeter level.

It will be understood, of course, that the specific configuration of the scale indicator 500 is not so limited.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, the long-term groundwater level observation device further includes a water filter pipe 600 connected below the fixed protection box 300, the water filter pipe 600 is a hollow pipe body, one end of the water filter pipe 600 is a closed end, the other end of the water filter pipe is an open end, the open end of the water filter pipe 600 is connected and communicated with the fixed protection box 300, the first fixed pulley 141 is fixed on the water filter pipe 600, and the float 110 is disposed in a hollow cavity of the water filter pipe 600.

In the above scheme, the strainer 600 can filter silt and impurities in the groundwater, so that the water in the strainer 600 is clear, and the normal movement of the float 110, the soft scale 120 and the pulley cannot be interfered.

In some embodiments, the strainer 600 may be designed as a multi-joint pipe, with joints at both ends of each pipe, and the length of each pipe may be designed according to the application, for example, in one embodiment, each pipe is 1m long.

In addition, in some embodiments, the bottom of the water filter tube 600 may be sealed by a sealing plug 601, a fixed support frame 602 may be disposed on the sealing plug 601, and the second fixed pulley 142 may be mounted to the fixed support frame 602 by a cross beam penetrating through the water filter tube 600, so as to prevent the bottom from settling sand and affecting the movement of the second fixed pulley 142. Wherein the second fixed sheave 142 should be installed below the lowest water level position for many years.

In order to further prevent the bottom from settling sand, when the filter pipes comprise a plurality of sections of filter pipes which are spliced, the plurality of sections of filter pipes comprise a first section of filter pipe, the first section of filter pipe is a section of filter pipe with the first fixed pulley, and the first section of filter pipe can be arranged in the middle of the plurality of sections of filter pipes. For example, two more strainer pipes may be added below the first strainer pipe depending on the depth of the water and the bottom environment. Therefore, the bottommost section of the filter pipe is conveniently fixed at the bottom of the water, and the influence of the fact that the lower filter pipe enters the bottom mud too deeply to affect the first fixed pulley is not considered. In addition, the lowest section of the water filter pipe can be additionally provided with an iron stick to knock or be buried under the water to achieve the position fixation.

Further, in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the water filter tube 600 includes: an inner layer water filtering pipe 610 and an outer layer water filtering pipe 620 which are sleeved together, and a fine mesh screen 630 which is positioned between the inner layer water filtering pipe 610 and the outer layer water filtering pipe 620; wherein the inner and

outer strainer pipes

610 and 620 are PVC sieve pipes, and the fine mesh screen 630 is a stainless steel fine mesh screen 630.

In the above scheme, the outer layer strainer 620 and the inner layer strainer 610 can be made of PVC sieve pipes, which are corrosion resistant, in order to enhance strength, the PVC sieve pipes can be made of steel wire mesh framework PVC pipes, and the pipe walls of the inner and outer layer strainers 620 are uniformly perforated. For example, the diameter of the inner filter tube 610 may be DN90 mm, the diameter of the inner filter tube 610 may be DN110 mm, and the aperture on the tube wall may be 6 mm. The outer wall of the inner layer strainer 610 is wrapped with a 60-mesh fine-hole stainless steel screen to further filter silt and impurities.

It is of course understood that the specific structure of the drainpipe 600 is not limited thereto.

In addition, because the bottom of cursory is connected to soft scale one end, the other end is walked around first fixed pulley, second fixed pulley and is connected the top of cursory, consequently two sections soft scales that stretch out from first fixed pulley both sides respectively can have longer distance to be the form side by side in aqueous, take place the winding scheduling problem in aqueous easily, in order to solve this technical problem, two sections soft scales that will follow the stretching out of first fixed pulley both sides in this disclosed embodiment separate through isolation structure to solve the winding problem of two sections soft scales.

For example, in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, a partition 640 is disposed inside the water filtering pipe 600, the partition 640 divides the hollow chamber of the water filtering pipe 600 into a first chamber and a second chamber, the first fixed pulley 141 is located below the partition 640, one end of the soft scale is connected to the float and located in the first chamber, and the other end of the soft scale passes around the first fixed pulley 141 and extends from the second chamber to the second fixed pulley 142.

According to the scheme, the partition plate 640 is designed in the middle of the water filter pipe 600, so that two sections of soft scales extending out of two sides of the first fixed pulley 141 are separated by the partition plate 640, and the winding problem cannot occur. Simple structure and low cost. The partition 640 may be integrally formed with the drainpipe or may be separately provided.

It should be noted that, the above is only an embodiment of an isolation structure, and in other embodiments, the purpose of separating two sections of soft scales extending from two sides of the first fixed pulley by the isolation plate may also be achieved in other manners, for example, a third fixed pulley is additionally arranged beside the first fixed pulley, and the soft scale extends to the second fixed pulley by passing around the third fixed pulley, so that by the arrangement of the third fixed pulley, the distance between one section of soft scale extending from the first fixed pulley and one section of soft scale extending from the third fixed pulley may be increased, so as to reduce the winding problem of the two sections of soft scales.

It should be noted that the buoy and the solid weight are combined into a whole and connected to form a closed loop, so that the pipe diameter of the water filter pipe is reduced, the buoy is prevented from being wound by the soft scale, and the underground water observation device is easier to design.

In some embodiments, the protection box 300 is fixedly connected to the water filter 600, the image collector 200 is disposed on a sidewall inside the protection box 300, a solar cell 700 is further disposed above the protection box 300, and the solar cell 700 is connected to the image collector 200 and is used for providing a power supply for the image collector 200.

It is understood that, in practical applications, in order to avoid a fault state such as no power of the solar cell 700, a backup battery may be further disposed in the protection box 300, and when the image collector 200 does not receive the power of the solar cell 700, the backup battery may be switched to supply power to the image collector 200.

In addition, in some embodiments, the image collector 200 may select an infrared camera, and the infrared camera may ensure that the liquid level scale reading image can be clearly obtained even when the ambient light brightness is low.

It is understood that the image collector 200 may be implemented by other types of cameras, and the invention is not limited thereto.

Furthermore, in some embodiments, the long-term groundwater level observation apparatus may further include: the alarm is used for giving an alarm when the image collector 200 is detected to be out of order and cannot work normally; and/or alarming when the scale reading in the scale reading image collected by the image collector 200 is identified to be greater than a first preset value or less than a second preset value; and/or alarming when the scale reading change value is lower than a threshold value within more than a preset continuous time period in the scale reading image collected by the image collector 200.

By adopting the scheme, the alarm can be set to give an alarm when the image collector 200 fails, and the failure of the image collector 200 can be discovered in time, so that the observation continuity is ensured; when the underground water liquid level is larger than a first preset value or is lower than a second preset value, alarming is carried out, the first preset value can be a highest water level value which is set manually according to a water level observation requirement, and the second preset value can be a lowest water level value which is set manually according to the water level observation requirement, so that abnormal changes of the water level can be found in time; when the scale reading value change value is lower than the threshold value within a predetermined continuous time period, an alarm is given, that is, if the scale reading value change value is lower than the threshold value, for example, the threshold value is 0, i.e., the scale reading value has not changed all the time within a preset time period, a fault such as jamming of the soft scale 120 may occur, and an alarm is given in time.

In addition, the long-term groundwater level observation device provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure may store the image acquired by the image acquirer 200 in a memory card by setting a timing photographing time interval of the image acquirer 200, or transmit the acquired image to a processor; and sequencing the images according to time, and processing the images through a manual work or a processor to obtain underground water level observation data which are arranged in time sequence in a continuous time period.

In addition, in order to prevent the problems of too fast movement of the soft scale, blurring of the collected image and the like caused by the severe surrounding environment, such as the sudden change of the groundwater level in the storm environment, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, a damping structure may be further disposed on the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley. For how to arrange the damping structure on the fixed pulley, the description is not repeated, and the invention can be applied to the structure which can prevent the soft scale from moving too fast as long as the damping structure is arranged on the fixed pulley.

In addition, the embodiment of the disclosure also provides an underground water level observation method, which adopts the long-term underground water level observation device provided by the embodiment of the disclosure to observe underground water level, and the method comprises the following steps:

step S01, placing the float type liquid level meter 100 in underground water to be observed, wherein when the float 110 floats up and down along with the change of the underground water level, the scale reading of the current underground water level on the soft scale 120 changes correspondingly;

step S02, collecting and storing an image of the scale reading indicating the current underground water level on the soft scale 120 by the image collector 200, so as to observe the underground water level according to the image.

In some embodiments, step S01 specifically includes:

setting a time interval of the timed photographing of the image collector 200, and storing the image collected by the image collector 200 in a memory card, or transmitting the collected image to a processor;

In addition, the method provided by the embodiment of the disclosure further comprises the following steps:

step S03, when detecting that the image collector 200 has a fault and can not work normally, alarming;

and/or, when the scale reading in the scale reading image collected by the image collector 200 is identified to be greater than a first preset value or less than a second preset value, alarming;

and/or alarming when the scale reading change value is lower than a threshold value within more than a preset continuous time period in the scale reading image collected by the image collector 200.

The following points need to be explained:

(1) the drawings of the embodiments of the disclosure only relate to the structures related to the embodiments of the disclosure, and other structures can refer to the common design.

(2) For purposes of clarity, the thickness of layers or regions in the figures used to describe embodiments of the present disclosure are exaggerated or reduced, i.e., the figures are not drawn on a true scale. It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be "directly on" or "under" the other element or intervening elements may be present.

(3) Without conflict, embodiments of the present disclosure and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other to arrive at new embodiments.

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the scope of the present disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A long term groundwater level observation apparatus, comprising:

the image collector is provided with a fixed window, the scale reading of the current underground water liquid level on the soft scale is positioned in the fixed window, and the image collector is used for collecting and storing the image of the scale reading of the current underground water liquid level on the soft scale;

the buoy type liquid level meter further comprises a pulley assembly, the buoy is provided with a hollow cavity, the bottom of the hollow cavity is filled with a solid weight, the gravity of the solid weight and the buoyancy of the buoy are in a preset relation, the soft scale is wound on the pulley assembly, the first end of the soft scale is connected to the top end of the buoy, and the second end of the soft scale is connected to the bottom end of the buoy;

pulley assembly includes first fixed pulley and second fixed pulley at least, the cursory floats on groundwater liquid level, the position in groundwater liquid level top is fixed to first fixed pulley, the position in groundwater liquid level below is fixed to the second fixed pulley, the first end of soft scale is connected the bottom of cursory, the second end of soft scale is walked around in proper order first fixed pulley with behind the second fixed pulley with the top of cursory is connected to make soft scale and cursory formation closed circuit.

2. The long-term groundwater level observation apparatus according to claim 1,

the long-term groundwater level observation device further comprises: be fixed in the guard box of groundwater liquid level top, the second fixed pulley with image collector fixes in the guard box, just be in on the guard box inside wall, be located the horizontal position department of image collector's fixed window is equipped with the scale indicator, the scale indicator can indicate scale mark on the soft scale, just the scale that the scale indicator instructed does the scale reading of the current liquid level of groundwater is levied on the soft scale.

3. The long-term groundwater level observation apparatus according to claim 2,

the scale indicator includes: two triangular indication scale plates; and, connect two triangles indicate the steel wire of scale tablet between, the level setting, two triangles indicate the scale tablet to be located respectively the relative both sides of soft scale, and every triangle indicates the scale tablet to include a horizontal limit, just two triangles indicate the horizontal limit of scale tablet all with the steel wire is in on same water straight line, two closed angles that the scale tablet was instructed to two triangles set up in opposite directions, and all direct the scale mark of soft scale.

4. The long-term groundwater level observation apparatus according to claim 2,

the long-term underground water level observation device further comprises a water filter pipe connected below the fixed protection box, the water filter pipe is a hollow pipe body, one end of the water filter pipe is a closed end, the other end of the water filter pipe is an open end, the open end of the water filter pipe is communicated with the fixed protection box in a connected mode, the first fixed pulley is fixed on the water filter pipe, and the buoy is arranged in a hollow cavity of the water filter pipe.

5. Long term groundwater level observation apparatus according to claim 4,

the inner part of the water filtering pipe is provided with a partition board, the partition board divides a hollow cavity of the water filtering pipe into a first cavity and a second cavity, the first fixed pulley is positioned below the partition board, one end of the soft scale is connected with the buoy and positioned in the first cavity, and the other end of the soft scale bypasses the first fixed pulley and extends from the second cavity to the second fixed pulley; and/or

The strainer includes: the filter comprises an inner layer filter pipe, an outer layer filter pipe and a fine mesh screen, wherein the inner layer filter pipe and the outer layer filter pipe are sleeved together; the inner layer water filter pipe and the outer layer water filter pipe are both PVC sieve pipes, and the fine mesh screen is a stainless steel fine mesh screen.

6. A groundwater level observation method, wherein a groundwater level observation is performed using the long-term groundwater level observation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprising:

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the acquiring and storing, by an image collector, an image of a scale reading on the soft scale indicative of the current level of groundwater for observing the groundwater level according to the image comprises:

8. The method of claim 6, further comprising:

when detecting that the image collector is in failure and can not work normally, alarming; and/or