CN112525166A - Tidal flat health multi-parameter profile real-time synchronous monitoring device and method - Google Patents
Tidal flat health multi-parameter profile real-time synchronous monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tidal flat health multi-parameter profile real-time synchronous monitoring device and method, and belongs to the technical field of physical oceans. The device comprises a data tidal flat anti-sinking device and a data collecting device. The tidal flat collapse prevention device comprises a collapse prevention ring, a middle shaft, a foot pipe and a foot pad, and is used for preventing the tidal flat from inclining and collapsing in a strong tide sea area. The data acquisition box contains a power supply module, a sensor module, a singlechip and a data storage module. The sensor module is used for synchronously acquiring and calculating profile data information of tidal beaches, seawater and sea surface such as temperature, salinity, water depth, waves, suspended sand concentration, erosion and deposition depth and the like in real time. The GPS positioning ball can send data and position information at regular time. The invention adopts a detachable and telescopic modular design, has simple structure and convenient installation and transportation, effectively deals with complex environments such as easy subsidence of tidal flat substrate, strong seawater corrosivity and the like by structures such as anti-subsidence rings, foot tubes and the like, and can realize comprehensive real-time synchronous monitoring of multiple physical ocean parameters of vertical layers of tidal flats, water bodies and water surfaces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of physical oceans, in particular to a tidal flat health multi-parameter profile real-time synchronous monitoring device and method.
Background
Tidal beaches are sedimentary areas periodically submerged and exposed under the action of tides developed in estuary coastal zones. Tidal beaches can be classified into sandy tidal beaches, silty tidal beaches, and the like according to their physical composition. Tidal flats are influenced by variable sea-land interaction, processes such as tides, runoff, waves and monsoon are mutually coupled, and the power process is complex; meanwhile, the tidal flat is used as a special zone influenced by sediment-water-gas and is a place with the largest span of various physical and chemical gradients. The tidal flat has the functions of stabilizing seawalls, buffering storm tide invasion, providing biological habitat and the like. In recent years, excessive development and utilization of tidal beaches weaken the disaster prevention and reduction capability of coastal zones, the ecological system is seriously degraded, and the environmental and ecological problems caused by the serious ecological system are increasingly highlighted. This is due to the fact that the knowledge of the tidal flat is not enough. The method has the advantages that data such as tidal flat high-precision temperature, salinity, waves and suspended sand concentration are acquired and analyzed, scientific guidance on river mouth and coast engineering design, disaster prevention and reduction and development management are facilitated, and certain theoretical significance and engineering significance are achieved.
Compared with an object model experiment and numerical simulation, the in-situ monitoring can obtain the most reliable and real data, but is greatly restricted by natural conditions. The silt tidal flat is relatively widely developed in China, the substrate is generally high in water content, soft and easy to sink, and the tidal flat is difficult to monitor by manpower. In addition, the strong corrosiveness of seawater, the interference of vegetation on the deployment of instruments, and the like are issues that must be addressed. The CTD (conductivity Temperature depth) is the Temperature and salt depth measuring instrument with highest precision, most use and most stable performance in the current physical marine measurement. When the CTD is applied to tidal flat measurement, a single CTD can only automatically acquire single-point temperature and salinity depth time sequence data, which brings many limitations to subsequent data analysis; increasing the number of instruments will also increase costs. In the related published or granted patents, the disclosed technical solutions mostly focus on the installation of instrument supports suitable for tidal flat environment, do not relate to the function of acquiring multi-layer environmental data of the tidal flat inside, water body and water surface in the special environment of the tidal flat, and have less design of devices for stable observation and high-precision vertical positioning observation of the tidal flat.
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the comprehensive tidal flat, water body and water surface environment parameter monitoring device is low in cost, relatively portable and wide in applicability, realizes stable and high-precision positioning measurement and monitoring of multiple vertical layers of parameters of the tidal flat, the water body and the water surface, and provides reliable support for research of a tidal flat power mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to realize the measurement of the multilayer temperature, salinity, water depth and suspended sand concentration data of the tidal flat for a long time, the invention provides a real-time synchronous monitoring device and a real-time synchronous monitoring method for a healthy multi-parameter profile of the tidal flat. The structure is simple and detachable, and transportation and maintenance are convenient.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention firstly provides a tidal flat health multi-parameter profile real-time synchronous monitoring device, which comprises a data acquisition device and a tidal flat collapse prevention device;
the data acquisition device comprises a data acquisition box and a GPS positioning ball, and is used for synchronously acquiring tidal flats, water bodies and water surface (air) data profiles in real time:
the data acquisition box comprises an external waterproof structure and an internal data acquisition system, wherein the internal data acquisition system comprises a power supply module, a sensor module, a single chip microcomputer and a data storage module; the power supply module provides power for the sensor module, the singlechip and the data storage module; the sensor module is used for acquiring corresponding physical ocean parameter signals; the single chip microcomputer receives and processes signals acquired by the sensor module at regular time and records the signals in the data storage module; the data storage module can be driven by a single chip microcomputer and is used for recording the sensor digital signals in the TF card in a text mode, and data stored in the data storage module can be read in real time; the data acquisition box is preset with an open interface and can be connected with the multi-parameter sensor.
The GPS positioning ball comprises a plastic shell, a waterproof gasket, a battery bin and a positioning terminal; the plastic shell and the waterproof gasket are used for isolating seawater, and the positioning terminal is powered by a dry battery in the battery bin and used for sending current data and geographical position information to the remote computer in a timing mode.
The tidal flat collapse prevention device comprises: the tidal flat is provided with stable anti-trap rings, foot tubes, foot pads and a middle shaft for mounting a data acquisition box and a GPS positioning ball; wherein the GPS positioning ball is arranged at the top of the middle shaft.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sensor module of the data collection cartridge includes, but is not limited to, a temperature sensor, a conductivity sensor, a pressure sensor, an optical sensor;
the sensors are used for acquiring digital signals of seawater, tidal flat profiles, sea surfaces and air, and open interfaces are reserved for the equipment and can be connected with other multi-parameter sensors. For example, for seawater, a conductivity sensor may be used to obtain a seawater conductivity digital signal, the conductivity value being used to calculate salinity data; obtaining a seawater pressure digital signal by using a pressure sensor, wherein the pressure value is used for calculating water depth data, and the high-frequency water depth data is used for calculating wave parameters; the method comprises the steps of collecting seawater turbidity data by using an optical sensor, calculating a water body suspended sand concentration value through calibration, and simultaneously collecting tidal flat scouring depth data by using the optical sensor. For example, the temperature of the inner part of a tidal flat can be obtained by a sensor at a fixed point and fixed depth; for air, data such as temperature, wind speed and the like can be acquired through a sensor.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the data acquisition boxes are distributed in an upper section and a lower section, wherein the central axis of the upper section is positioned above the anti-trap, the data acquisition boxes of the upper section are partially immersed in a water body and partially monitor data in the air, the data acquisition boxes of the lower section are immersed in the interior of a tidal flat, and the data acquisition boxes acquire multi-parameter data within a specific depth range of a sediment-water-air profile.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the data collecting boxes distributed in the water column section comprise a fixed height collecting box and a floating height collecting box with selectable heights; the fixed height acquisition boxes with selectable heights are fixed on the set height of the middle shaft in a distributed manner according to monitoring requirements; the floating height acquisition box is positioned above the fixed height acquisition box, floats on the water surface, is connected with the middle shaft in a sliding way and can float up and down along the middle shaft along with the water level;
the data acquisition boxes distributed in the tidal flat are all fixed height acquisition boxes with selectable heights and are fixed on the middle shaft.
As the preferred embodiment of the invention, the middle shaft and the foot tubes are both designed in a telescopic multi-section manner, and the joints among the sections are both provided with length locking structures; the length of the middle shaft and the leg tube can be adjusted through the length locking structure;
scales are marked on each section of the middle shaft;
the top of each leg tube is detachably connected with the angle locking structure, and the angles between the leg tubes and the middle shaft can be adjusted through the angle locking structure so as to adapt to different tidal range ranges, monitoring requirements and dynamic structures near tidal beaches; the angle locking structure is arranged on the inner ring of the anti-trap ring; the anti-trap ring is detachably connected with the middle shaft.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outer part of the angle locking structure is a cuboid, the upper part of the cuboid is connected with the inner ring of the anti-trap ring, the lower part of the cuboid is provided with a circular hole, the inner part of the angle locking structure is provided with a stainless steel ball, the diameter of the stainless steel ball is larger than that of the circular hole, and the lower part of the stainless steel ball is detachably connected with the foot tube; the cuboid is provided with a locking screw, when the locking screw is loosened, the ball can rotate freely, and the angle of the leg tube changes along with the locking screw; when the locking screw is locked, the angle of the foot tube is locked.
The invention also provides a tidal flat health multi-parameter profile real-time synchronous monitoring method, which utilizes the tidal flat health multi-parameter profile monitoring device to monitor the tidal flat environment health, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation work
Combining the environmental characteristics of the tidal flat, assembling a monitoring device, wherein the method comprises the steps of determining and locking the angle and the length of a leg tube of the device and the position of a central shaft, setting the number and the height of the data acquisition boxes, and adjusting the size, the position and the area of an anti-sinking ring to prevent sinking; aiming at a target tidal flat, performing field sea test, verifying the stability of the device and the data accuracy of the data acquisition sensor;
step two: starting device
Starting all the data acquisition sensors of the device, and then performing waterproof sealing on the device; the data collected by the sensor module is stored in the TF card in a text form and can be read in real time;
step three: mounting device
The device is arranged on a target tidal flat, and data are read in real time to ensure accurate installation; the assembled device leg and the following parts are inserted into the tidal flat, the position of the device is fixed, and the acting force of waves and currents on the device is reduced; if the device is seriously sunk, the position, the size and the area of the anti-sinking ring can be adjusted;
step IV: measuring phase
Data measurement, including data acquisition of a data acquisition box and a GPS positioning ball; the device can work on a tidal flat for a long time without a person to automatically acquire sediment-water-gas profile parameters and store data information; reading a water body temperature profile and a tidal flat temperature profile through a temperature sensor; reading the water level height through a pressure sensor, and converting the water level height into wave height data through calculation; reading salinity profile data of the water body through a conductivity sensor; reading a water body turbidity profile and tidal flat erosion depth data through a turbidity sensor;
a positioning terminal of the GPS positioning ball sends current position information to a remote computer at fixed time;
step five: monitoring maintenance
The staged maintenance device is used for replacing batteries, maintaining the sensor in the data box and maintaining the anti-sinking device; and continuing to repeat data monitoring.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) simple structure, and convenient installation and transportation. Most of the existing common instrument frames are large stainless steel structures, and large vehicles are often used for long-distance transportation. The invention adopts a detachable and telescopic modular design, and each part has relatively small volume, convenient transportation and better economy.
(2) Is suitable for the complex environment of the tidal flat. The tidal flat is affected by multiple water bodies, atmosphere and bottom beds, and the environment is complex. Aiming at the characteristics of high water content and easy subsidence of tidal flat substrate, the invention adopts the foot tube and anti-subsidence ring structure, and reduces the influence of the subsidence of the device on the monitoring result as much as possible. The middle shaft, the foot tube and the anti-trap ring are made of non-magnetic stainless steel and carbon fiber, and the data acquisition system and the GPS positioning terminal are not directly exposed in seawater and are not easily corroded by seawater. In addition, large instrument stands can create significant disturbances to the surrounding water-sand dynamics. The main shaft of the invention is in a long rod shape, thus reducing the interference of the device to water flow.
(3) The tidal flat environment health can be synchronously monitored in real time, and vertical high-resolution water body environment, water surface (air) and tidal flat internal profile data are acquired. The data acquisition box is arranged at any vertical height as required, so that vertical multipoint temperature, salinity, waves, suspended sand concentration and tidal flat scouring depth time sequence data can be acquired, and the data synchronism is good.
(4) And the positioning is carried out in real time, so that the tracking and the recovery are convenient. If the device is lost due to extreme weather or human activity during monitoring, the GPS positioning ball provided by the invention can be used for real-time positioning, so that the device is convenient to track and recover.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an actual working state of the tidal flat health multi-parameter profile real-time synchronous monitoring device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the disassembled structure of the device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an angle locking structure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a data acquisition cartridge.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a GPS location sphere.
The anti-trap ring comprises an anti-trap ring 1, a middle shaft 2, a foot tube 3, an angle locking structure 4, a length locking structure 5, a data acquisition box 6, a GPS positioning ball 7, a foot pad 8, a plastic shell 9 of the angle locking structure, a stainless steel ball 10 of the angle locking structure, a fixing screw 11 of the angle locking structure, an external waterproof structure 12 of the data acquisition box, a power supply module 13, a data storage module 14, a single chip microcomputer 15, a sensor module 16, a sensor probe 17, a plastic shell 18 of the GPS positioning ball, a waterproof gasket 19, a battery bin 20 of the GPS positioning ball and a positioning terminal 21.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, and may be, for example, two, three, four, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection, physical connection or wireless communication connection; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the tidal flat health multi-parameter profile real-time synchronous monitoring apparatus includes a data acquisition device and a tidal flat anti-sinking device;
the data acquisition device comprises a data acquisition box 6 and a GPS positioning ball 7, and is used for synchronously acquiring tidal flats, water bodies and water surface air data profiles in real time:
the data acquisition box 6 comprises an external waterproof structure and an internal data acquisition system, wherein the internal data acquisition system comprises a power supply module 13, a sensor module 16, a single chip microcomputer 15 and a data storage module 14; the power supply module 13 provides power for the sensor module 16, the singlechip 15 and the data storage module 14; the sensor module 16 is used for acquiring corresponding physical marine parameter signals; the single chip microcomputer 15 receives and processes signals acquired by the sensor module 16 regularly and records the signals in the data storage module 14; the data storage module 14 can be driven by a single chip computer 15 and is used for recording the sensor digital signals in the TF card in a text form, and the data stored in the data storage module 14 can be read in real time; the data acquisition box 6 is preset with an open interface and can be connected with a multi-parameter sensor.
The GPS positioning ball 7 comprises a plastic shell, a waterproof gasket 19, a battery bin and a positioning terminal 21; the plastic shell and the waterproof gasket 19 are used for isolating seawater, and the positioning terminal 21 is powered by a dry battery in the battery compartment and used for sending current data and geographical position information to the remote computer in a timing mode.
The tidal flat collapse prevention device comprises: the device comprises an anti-trap ring 1 for mounting stability on a tidal flat, a foot tube 3, a foot pad 8 and a central shaft 2 for mounting a data acquisition box 6 and a GPS positioning ball 7; wherein the GPS positioning ball 7 is arranged on the top of the middle shaft 2.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the sensor module of the data collection cartridge includes, but is not limited to, a temperature sensor, a conductivity sensor, a pressure sensor, an optical sensor;
the sensor is used for acquiring digital signals of seawater, tidal flat profiles and sea surfaces, and the equipment is reserved with an open interface and can be connected with other multi-parameter sensors. For example, a; the conductivity sensor is used for acquiring a seawater conductivity digital signal, and the conductivity value is used for calculating salinity data; the pressure sensor is used for acquiring a seawater pressure digital signal, the pressure value is used for calculating water depth data, and the high-frequency water depth data is used for calculating wave parameters; the optical sensor is used for collecting seawater turbidity data, calculating a water body suspended sand concentration value through calibration, and simultaneously collecting tidal flat scouring depth data.
In one embodiment of the invention, the data acquisition boxes are distributed in an upper section and a lower section, wherein the central axis of the upper section is positioned above the anti-trap, the data acquisition boxes of the upper section are partially immersed in a water body and partially monitor data in the air, the data acquisition boxes of the lower section are immersed in the interior of a tidal flat, and the data acquisition boxes acquire multi-parameter data within a specific depth range of a sediment-water-air profile.
In one embodiment of the invention, the data acquisition boxes distributed in the water column section comprise fixed height acquisition boxes and floating height acquisition boxes with selectable heights; the fixed height acquisition boxes with selectable heights are fixed on the set height of the middle shaft in a distributed manner according to monitoring requirements; the floating height acquisition box is positioned above the fixed height acquisition box, floats on the water surface, is connected with the middle shaft in a sliding way and can float up and down along the middle shaft along with the water level;
the data acquisition boxes distributed in the tidal flat are all fixed height acquisition boxes with selectable heights and are fixed on the middle shaft.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the middle shaft and the foot tubes are both in a telescopic multi-section design, and the joints between the sections are both provided with length locking structures; the length of the middle shaft and the leg tube can be adjusted through the length locking structure;
scales are marked on each section of the middle shaft;
the top of each leg tube is detachably connected with the angle locking structure, and the angles between the leg tubes and the middle shaft can be adjusted through the angle locking structure so as to adapt to different tidal range ranges, monitoring requirements and dynamic structures near tidal beaches; the angle locking structure is arranged on the inner ring of the anti-trap ring; the anti-trap ring is detachably connected with the middle shaft.
In one embodiment of the invention, the outer part of the angle locking structure is a cuboid, the upper part of the cuboid is connected with the inner ring of the anti-trap ring, the lower part of the cuboid is provided with a circular hole, the inner part of the angle locking structure is provided with a stainless steel ball, the diameter of the stainless steel ball is larger than that of the circular hole, and the lower part of the stainless steel ball is detachably connected with the foot tube; the cuboid is provided with a locking screw, when the locking screw is loosened, the ball can rotate freely, and the angle of the leg tube changes along with the locking screw; when the locking screw is locked, the angle of the foot tube is locked.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the size, the area and the position of the anti-trap ring in the middle shaft can be adjusted according to requirements; the anti-trap ring and the middle shaft, the anti-trap ring and the foot tube, the middle shaft and the data acquisition box, and the middle shaft and the GPS positioning ball can be separated. The anti-sinking ring is made of non-magnetic stainless steel and is in a two-layer ring shape, the inner ring is provided with structures such as threads and holes and the like and is used for fixing the middle shaft and the foot tube, and the outer ring can be used for adjusting the position, size and area of the anti-sinking ring to prevent sinking when the ultra-fine particle tidal flat is monitored.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the middle shaft is made of carbon fiber and is in a long rod shape, multiple sections of telescopic motion can be performed through the length locking structure, and scales are marked on each section. The side edge of the length locking structure is provided with a threaded hole and is fixed with the anti-trap inner ring through a matched stainless steel screw. The lower end of the middle shaft is in a sharp nail shape, so that the middle shaft can be conveniently inserted into a mud flat. The connecting pieces in the monitoring device are all made of stainless steel.
In one embodiment of the invention, the foot tube is made of carbon fiber and is in a long rod shape, and multiple sections of the foot tube can be stretched and contracted through the length locking structure. The upper end of the foot tube adopts an angle locking structure, and can be fixed with the inner ring of the anti-trap ring for angle adjustment. The lower end of the foot pipe is in a sharp nail shape, so that the foot pipe is convenient to prick into a mud flat. The inner side of the foot pad is matched with the center shaft and the shape of the sharp nail at the lower end of the foot tube, and the foot pad is used for safety protection in a non-operation period.
As shown in figure 2, the invention adopts a detachable and telescopic modular design for convenient transportation.
The invention discloses a tidal flat health multi-parameter profile real-time synchronous monitoring method, which mainly comprises the following steps:
firstly, a monitoring device is assembled by combining various environmental characteristics of the tidal flat.
The angle and the length of the device leg tube, the arrangement height of the data acquisition box and the like are determined by looking up data or investigating the characteristics of the tidal flat such as depth, sinking degree, highest water level and the like on site.
And (3) stretching the foot tube 3 to a target length, and locking all the length locking structures 5 on the foot tube. When the length locking structure is in a loose state, the foot tube can stretch out and draw back; when a single length locking structure is locked, the locked section is locked, and other sections are still telescopic.
The foot tube is arranged on an inner ring of the anti-trap ring 1 through an angle locking structure 4, and the angle is adjusted and locked. The schematic diagram of angle locking structure is shown in fig. 3, and the outside is cuboid 9, and cuboid upper portion meets with preventing falling ring inner ring, and the cuboid lower part is the circular port, and the hole diameter is less than the cuboid shortest side. The inside of the angle locking structure is a stainless steel ball 10, the diameter of which is larger than that of the hole, and the lower part of the angle locking structure is connected with the foot pipe. When the locking screw 11 is loosened, the ball can rotate freely, and the angle of the leg tube changes along with the ball; when the locking screw is locked, the angle of the foot tube is locked.
The middle shaft 2 is stretched to a target length, all length locking structures on the middle shaft are locked, and the middle shaft is fixed inside the anti-trap inner ring through stainless steel screws.
Preparing a sufficient number of data acquisition boxes 6, checking the dry battery electric quantity and TF memory card storage space in the data acquisition boxes, and respectively arranging the data acquisition boxes at the target height of the middle shaft through the hose clamp structure by means of the scale of the main shaft mark.
The dry battery electric quantity inside the GPS positioning ball 7 is checked and is arranged at the top end of the middle shaft through a stainless steel screw.
And carrying out field sea test on the tidal flat of the target sea area by the device, and checking the sensor.
Step two, the device is arranged to the target tidal flat.
The foot pad 8 on the medial axis and foot tube is removed and the assembled device foot tube and the following parts are inserted into the tidal flat. If the device is seriously sunk, the position, area and size of the anti-sinking ring can be adjusted.
And step three, acquiring data of the data acquisition box and the GPS positioning ball.
A schematic of the data acquisition cartridge is shown in fig. 4. The data acquisition cartridge includes an outer waterproof structure 12 and an internal data acquisition system. The external waterproof structure adopts tight screw threads for waterproofing. The internal data acquisition system comprises a power supply module 13, a data storage module 14, a singlechip 15 and a sensor module 16. The workflow of the data acquisition box is as follows. The power supply module provides power for the sensor module, the singlechip and the data storage module by means of a dry battery in the battery bin. Sensor probes 17 (including but not limited to temperature sensors, conductivity sensors, pressure sensors, optical sensors) affixed to the outside of the data acquisition box acquire corresponding physical marine parameter signals. For example, a temperature sensor may be used to obtain a seawater temperature digital signal, a conductivity sensor may be used to obtain a seawater conductivity digital signal, a conductivity value may be used to calculate salinity data, a pressure sensor may be used to obtain a seawater pressure digital signal, a pressure value may be used to calculate water depth data, high frequency water depth data may be used to calculate wave parameters, an optical sensor may be used to collect seawater turbidity data, and a water body suspended sand concentration value may be calculated via calibration.
The singlechip regularly receives and processes signals acquired by the sensor module, calculates the temperature, salinity, water depth, wave, suspended sand concentration and erosion and deposition depth profile values of seawater and tidal beaches, drives the data storage module, and records the digital signals of the sensor in a text form in the TF card.
A schematic diagram of a GPS location sphere is shown in fig. 5. The GPS positioning ball comprises a plastic shell 18, a waterproof gasket 19, a battery bin 20 and a positioning terminal 21. The plastic shell and the waterproof gasket are used for isolating seawater. The positioning terminal can periodically send the current position information to the remote computer by the power supply of the dry battery.
In the step, the data acquisition of the data acquisition box and the GPS positioning ball are both automatic processes driven by electric energy. The device can work on the tidal flat for a long time without being attended, and a monitor only needs to check whether the GPS position of the device has a great deviation through a remote computer to judge whether data acquisition is normal.
And fourthly, maintaining the device. The battery, sensors, stability, etc. of the device are regularly maintained.
And fifthly, recovering the device and processing data.
And recovering the device according to the GPS coordinates in a preset time. The stored data information can be viewed and analyzed through the TF memory cards in the data acquisition boxes.
The three-leg-frame-shaped foot tubes are completely embedded into sediments, and only the long-rod-shaped middle shaft is exposed, so that the fixing effect is enhanced, and the acting area of wave flow force is reduced; the design of the anti-trap ring can increase the contact area of the device and the bed besides being used as a ring for connecting all parts. The invention can synchronously acquire the set depth in the tidal flat, the specific water depth in the water body and the parameters of the water surface at fixed points and fixed heights, and is suitable for synchronously acquiring the parameters of the tidal flat, the water body and the water surface of a mud flat (easy sinking and inaccurate measurement caused by the sinking and the inclination) due to strong tide (the tidal range is more than 5m, instruments are difficult to carry, and the flow velocity is strong, the instruments are easy to incline).
While the foregoing has described in detail the principles, principal features and embodiments of the invention, it will be understood that the foregoing is only one embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made within the scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a healthy multi-parameter section real-time synchronous monitoring devices of tidal flat which characterized in that: comprises a data acquisition device and a tidal flat anti-sinking device;
the data acquisition device comprises a data acquisition box and a GPS positioning ball and is used for synchronously acquiring tidal flats, water bodies and water surface data profiles in real time:
the data acquisition box comprises an external waterproof structure and an internal data acquisition system, wherein the internal data acquisition system comprises a power supply module, a sensor module, a single chip microcomputer and a data storage module; the power supply module provides power for the sensor module, the singlechip and the data storage module; the sensor module is used for acquiring corresponding physical ocean parameter signals; the single chip microcomputer receives and processes signals acquired by the sensor module at regular time and records the signals in the data storage module; the data storage module can be driven by a single chip microcomputer and is used for recording the sensor digital signals in the TF card in a text mode, and data stored in the data storage module can be read in real time; the data acquisition box is preset with an open interface and can be connected with the multi-parameter sensor.
The GPS positioning ball comprises a plastic shell, a waterproof gasket, a battery bin and a positioning terminal; the plastic shell and the waterproof gasket are used for isolating seawater, and the positioning terminal is powered by a dry battery in the battery bin and used for sending current data and geographical position information to the remote computer in a timing mode.
The tidal flat collapse prevention device comprises: the tidal flat is provided with stable anti-trap rings, foot tubes, foot pads and a middle shaft for mounting a data acquisition box and a GPS positioning ball; wherein the GPS positioning ball is arranged at the top of the middle shaft.
2. The tidal flat health multi-parameter profile real-time synchronous monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the sensor module of the data acquisition box includes but is not limited to a temperature sensor, a conductivity sensor, a pressure sensor, an optical sensor;
the sensor is used for acquiring digital signals of seawater, tidal flat profiles and sea surfaces, and an open interface is reserved for the equipment and can be connected with other multi-parameter sensors; the conductivity sensor is used for acquiring a seawater conductivity digital signal, and the conductivity value is used for calculating salinity data; the pressure sensor is used for acquiring a seawater pressure digital signal, the pressure value is used for calculating water depth data, and the high-frequency water depth data is used for calculating wave parameters; the optical sensor is used for collecting seawater turbidity data, calculating a water body suspended sand concentration value through calibration, and simultaneously collecting tidal flat scouring depth data.
3. The tidal flat health multi-parameter profile real-time synchronous monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the data acquisition boxes are distributed in an upper section and a lower section, the central axis of the upper section is located above the anti-trap, the data acquisition boxes of the upper section are partially immersed in a water body and partially monitor data in air, the data acquisition boxes of the lower section are immersed in the tidal flat, and the data acquisition boxes acquire multi-parameter data within a specific depth range of a sediment-water-gas profile.
4. The tidal flat health multi-parameter profile real-time synchronous monitoring device of claim 3, wherein: the data acquisition boxes distributed in the upper section comprise fixed height acquisition boxes and floating height acquisition boxes with selectable heights; the fixed height acquisition box with the optional height is fixed on the set height of the middle shaft in a distributed mode according to monitoring requirements and is used for acquiring data of water and air; the floating height acquisition box is positioned above the fixed height acquisition box, floats on the water surface, is connected with the middle shaft in a sliding way and can float up and down along the middle shaft along with the water level;
the data acquisition boxes distributed in the tidal flat are all fixed height acquisition boxes with selectable heights and are fixed on the middle shaft.
5. The tidal flat health multi-parameter profile real-time synchronous monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the middle shaft and the foot tubes are both designed in a telescopic multi-section mode, and length locking structures are arranged at joints among the sections; the length of the middle shaft and the leg tube can be adjusted through the length locking structure;
scales are marked on each section of the middle shaft;
the top of each leg tube is detachably connected with the angle locking structure, and the angles between the leg tubes and the middle shaft can be adjusted through the angle locking structure so as to adapt to different tidal range ranges, monitoring requirements and dynamic structures near tidal beaches; the angle locking structure is arranged on the inner ring of the anti-trap ring; the anti-trap ring is detachably connected with the middle shaft.
6. The tidal flat health multi-parameter profile real-time synchronous monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the outer part of the angle locking structure is a cuboid, the upper part of the cuboid is connected with the inner ring of the anti-trap ring, a circular hole is formed in the lower part of the cuboid, a stainless steel ball is arranged in the angle locking structure, the diameter of the stainless steel ball is larger than that of the circular hole, and the lower part of the stainless steel ball is detachably connected with the foot tube; the cuboid is provided with a locking screw, when the locking screw is loosened, the ball can rotate freely, and the angle of the leg tube changes along with the locking screw; when the locking screw is locked, the angle of the foot tube is locked.
7. The tidal flat health multi-parameter profile real-time synchronous monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the size, the area and the position of the anti-trap ring on the middle shaft can be adjusted according to requirements; the anti-trap ring and the middle shaft, the anti-trap ring and the foot tube, the middle shaft and the data acquisition box, and the middle shaft and the GPS positioning ball can be separated.
8. The tidal flat health multi-parameter profile real-time synchronous monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the anti-trap ring is made of non-magnetic stainless steel; the middle shaft is made of carbon fiber; the foot tubes are made of carbon fibers; the connecting pieces in the monitoring device are all made of stainless steel.
9. The tidal flat health multi-parameter profile real-time synchronous monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the main shaft is in a long rod shape; the bottoms of the main shaft and the foot tubes are conical; under the non-operating condition, the detachable callus on the sole is overlapped to main shaft and foot pipe bottom.
10. A tidal flat health multi-parameter profile real-time synchronous monitoring method, which utilizes the tidal flat health multi-parameter profile monitoring device of any one of claims 1 to 9 to monitor the tidal flat environment health, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation work
Combining the environmental characteristics of the tidal flat, assembling a monitoring device, wherein the method comprises the steps of determining and locking the angle and the length of a leg tube of the device and the position of a central shaft, setting the number and the height of the data acquisition boxes, and adjusting the size, the position and the area of an anti-sinking ring to prevent sinking; aiming at a target tidal flat, performing field sea test, verifying the stability of the device and the data accuracy of the data acquisition sensor;
step two: starting device
Starting all the data acquisition sensors of the device, and then performing waterproof sealing on the device; the data collected by the sensor module is stored in the TF card in a text form and can be read in real time;
step three: mounting device
The device is arranged on a target tidal flat, and data are read in real time to ensure accurate installation; the assembled device leg and the following parts are inserted into the tidal flat, the position of the device is fixed, and the acting force of waves and currents on the device is reduced; if the device is seriously sunk, the position, the size and the area of the anti-sinking ring can be adjusted;
step IV: measuring phase
Data measurement, including data acquisition of a data acquisition box and a GPS positioning ball; the device can work on a tidal flat for a long time without a person to automatically acquire sediment-water-gas profile parameters and store data information; reading a water body temperature profile and a tidal flat temperature profile through a temperature sensor; reading the water level height through a pressure sensor, and converting the water level height into wave height data through calculation; reading salinity profile data of the water body through a conductivity sensor; reading a water body turbidity profile and tidal flat erosion depth data through a turbidity sensor;
a positioning terminal of the GPS positioning ball sends current position information to a remote computer at fixed time;
step five: monitoring maintenance
The staged maintenance device is used for replacing batteries, maintaining the sensor in the data box and maintaining the anti-sinking device; and continuing to repeat data monitoring.
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