CN109371298A - 一种铝基合金粉末生产工艺 - Google Patents

一种铝基合金粉末生产工艺 Download PDF

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CN109371298A
CN109371298A CN201811508352.2A CN201811508352A CN109371298A CN 109371298 A CN109371298 A CN 109371298A CN 201811508352 A CN201811508352 A CN 201811508352A CN 109371298 A CN109371298 A CN 109371298A
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aluminium
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ultimogeniture
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向文改
李代权
邓兴
邓一兴
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Hunan Jin Haoxin Materials Polytron Technologies Inc
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02Compacting only
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/1003Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
    • B22F3/1007Atmosphere
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/04Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0408Light metal alloys
    • C22C1/0416Aluminium-based alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/12Making non-ferrous alloys by processing in a semi-solid state, e.g. holding the alloy in the solid-liquid phase
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/04Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
    • B22F2009/041Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by mechanical alloying, e.g. blending, milling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0824Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid

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  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种铝基合金粉末生产工艺,包括如下步骤:S1、选材:选取适量铝合金粉末和颗粒增强物;S2、搅拌混合:将选取好的铝合金粉末和颗粒增强物放入搅拌机内,搅拌时间为30min,使铝合金粉末和颗粒增强物进行充分混合;S3、烧结:将混合后的粉末进行冷压实,然后再加热除气,在液相线与固相线之间进行真空热压烧结,即可得到铝基合金的坯料;S4、超声波雾化:将S4中的坯料进行熔炼成液体,然后将液体从雾化喷嘴喷出,然后再高速气流以80‑100KHz的频率和2‑2.5马赫的高速度冲击液态金属流。与其它生产技术相比,技术价格低廉、节约空间、工艺成熟,可抵抗应力,使得该铝基合金粉末尺寸比较集中,大大提高铝基合金粉末的使用质量。

Description

一种铝基合金粉末生产工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及铝基合金生产工艺,更具体地说,尤其涉及一种铝基合金粉末生产工艺。
背景技术
铝合金是工业中应用最广泛的一类有色金属结构材料,在航空、航天、汽车、机械制造、船舶及化学工业中已大量应用。工业经济的飞速发展,对铝合金焊接结构件的需求日益增多,使铝合金的焊接性研究也随之深入。目前铝合金是应用最多的合金,而铝基合金是在普通铝中添加微量元素,通过挤压、铸造等工艺,生产出的具有一定物理和化学性能的铝加工产品,广泛应用于航空航天、电力电子、建筑、装饰、食品包装、汽车、船舶机械制造等领域。
但是,目前市场上多数的铝基合金粉末生产工艺较为复杂,而且生产出来的铝基合金粉末品质不是很好,而且其粉末颗粒也较为分散,会影响到铝基合金粉末后期的使用效果,为此,我们提出一种铝基合金粉末生产工艺。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在的缺点,而提出的一种铝基合金粉末生产工艺。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种铝基合金粉末生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
S1、选材:选取适量铝合金粉末和颗粒增强物;
S2、搅拌混合:将选取好的铝合金粉末和颗粒增强物放入搅拌机内,搅拌时间为30min,使铝合金粉末和颗粒增强物进行充分混合;
S3、烧结:将混合后的粉末进行冷压实,然后再加热除气,在液相线与固相线之间进行真空热压烧结,即可得到铝基合金的坯料;
S4、超声波雾化:将S4中的坯料进行熔炼成液体,然后将液体从雾化喷嘴喷出,然后再高速气流以80-100KHz的频率和2-2.5马赫的高速度冲击液态金属流,使其雾化成小液滴,随后凝固成粉末;
S5、烘干粉末:将含雾化粉末和水的粉浆抽出雾化槽,先用过滤方式使粉末干燥,然后放入转动的干燥器中将粉末干燥;
S6、筛选:将烘干的粉末用筛网进行筛分,去除超大颗粒,然后再用磁选方法分离去掉耐高温腐蚀物;
S7、退火:将粉末进行退火处理,然后再自然冷却1h,即可得到铝基合金粉末。
优选的,在步骤S6中筛网的孔径大小约为100~300μm。
优选的,对制得的铝基合金粉末进行100%检查,区分好坏优劣。
优选的,对S1中选取的铝合金粉末也进行初步除杂处理。
本发明的技术效果和优点:
1、通过采用超声波雾化,使得该铝基合金粉末尺寸比较集中,平均尺寸小于20μm,粉末收得率超过90%,并且超声雾化能量消耗低,比普通雾化节能约1/4,使得该生产工艺具有非常好的节能环保性。
2、通过对粉末进行退火处理,可减少碳和氧的含量,并且可以改善粉末的压缩性,消除残余应力,稳定尺寸,减少变形与裂纹倾向;同时也能细化晶粒,调整组织,消除组织缺陷。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合具体实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例
一种铝基合金粉末生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
S1、选材:选取适量铝合金粉末和颗粒增强物;
S2、搅拌混合:将选取好的铝合金粉末和颗粒增强物放入搅拌机内,搅拌时间为30min,使铝合金粉末和颗粒增强物进行充分混合;
S3、烧结:将混合后的粉末进行冷压实,然后再加热除气,在液相线与固相线之间进行真空热压烧结,即可得到铝基合金的坯料;
S4、超声波雾化:将S4中的坯料进行熔炼成液体,然后将液体从雾化喷嘴喷出,然后再高速气流以80-100KHz的频率和2-2.5马赫的高速度冲击液态金属流,使其雾化成小液滴,随后凝固成粉末;
S5、烘干粉末:将含雾化粉末和水的粉浆抽出雾化槽,先用过滤方式使粉末干燥,然后放入转动的干燥器中将粉末干燥;
S6、筛选:将烘干的粉末用筛网进行筛分,去除超大颗粒,然后再用磁选方法分离去掉耐高温腐蚀物;
S7、退火:将粉末进行退火处理,然后再自然冷却1h,即可得到铝基合金粉末。
综上所述:本发明提供的一种铝基合金粉末生产工艺,与其它生产技术相比,技术价格低廉、节约空间、工艺成熟,可抵抗应力,使得该铝基合金粉末尺寸比较集中,大大提高铝基合金粉末的使用质量。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种铝基合金粉末生产工艺,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
S1、选材:选取适量铝合金粉末和颗粒增强物;
S2、搅拌混合:将选取好的铝合金粉末和颗粒增强物放入搅拌机内,搅拌时间为30min,使铝合金粉末和颗粒增强物进行充分混合;
S3、烧结:将混合后的粉末进行冷压实,然后再加热除气,在液相线与固相线之间进行真空热压烧结,即可得到铝基合金的坯料;
S4、超声波雾化:将S4中的坯料进行熔炼成液体,然后将液体从雾化喷嘴喷出,然后再高速气流以80-100KHz的频率和2-2.5马赫的高速度冲击液态金属流,使其雾化成小液滴,随后凝固成粉末;
S5、烘干粉末:将含雾化粉末和水的粉浆抽出雾化槽,先用过滤方式使粉末干燥,然后放入转动的干燥器中将粉末干燥;
S6、筛选:将烘干的粉末用筛网进行筛分,去除超大颗粒,然后再用磁选方法分离去掉耐高温腐蚀物;
S7、退火:将粉末进行退火处理,然后再自然冷却1h,即可得到铝基合金粉末。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种铝基合金粉末生产工艺,其特征在于:在步骤S6中筛网的孔径大小约为100~300μm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种铝基合金粉末生产工艺,其特征在于:对制得的铝基合金粉末进行100%检查,区分好坏优劣。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种铝基合金粉末生产工艺,其特征在于:对S1中选取的铝合金粉末也进行初步除杂处理。
CN201811508352.2A 2018-12-11 2018-12-11 一种铝基合金粉末生产工艺 Pending CN109371298A (zh)

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CN110802235A (zh) * 2019-11-15 2020-02-18 衡东县金源铝银粉有限公司 一种生产烟花铝粉的方法
CN115369275A (zh) * 2021-05-17 2022-11-22 哈尔滨工业大学 一种基于元素粉末液相反应烧结制备Al-xwt.%Si合金半固态坯料的方法

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110802235A (zh) * 2019-11-15 2020-02-18 衡东县金源铝银粉有限公司 一种生产烟花铝粉的方法
CN115369275A (zh) * 2021-05-17 2022-11-22 哈尔滨工业大学 一种基于元素粉末液相反应烧结制备Al-xwt.%Si合金半固态坯料的方法

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Application publication date: 20190222