CN109370336A - 水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料 - Google Patents

水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料 Download PDF

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CN109370336A
CN109370336A CN201811231387.6A CN201811231387A CN109370336A CN 109370336 A CN109370336 A CN 109370336A CN 201811231387 A CN201811231387 A CN 201811231387A CN 109370336 A CN109370336 A CN 109370336A
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汪琦
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Anqing Zye New Material Technology Extension Service Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提出了一种水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料，按照重量份数，包括以下组分：丙烯酸乳液40～60份、硅丙乳液10～30份、聚磷酸铵4～8份、双季戊四醇2～6份、膨胀珍珠岩8～16份、润湿分散剂0.4～0.8份、流平剂0.3～0.6份、成膜助剂2～6份及改性钛酸钾晶须20～30份；其中，所述改性钛酸钾晶须主要由钛酸钾晶须、纳米二氧化钛与铝酸酯偶联剂制备得到。该防火涂料具有涂层薄且隔热防火性能优异的特点。

Description

水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料
技术领域
本发明属于涂料技术领域，具体涉及一种水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料。
背景技术
相对于混凝土，钢结构在材料性能、经济效益、环境保护上具有明显的优势，被广泛应用于大跨度结构、超高层建筑、普通住宅及办公楼等，正逐步成为建筑的主流材料。然而，钢结构的防火性能差，在很大程度上制约了其发展。理论上，钢结构在全负荷下无法保持静态平衡的临界温度是528℃。建筑物一旦发生火灾，10分钟内火场温度就可达到700℃以上，裸露的钢结构在火灾发生的10分钟内即达到临界温度，便会产生塑性形变而失去承重能力，进而引起钢结构建筑的迅速坍塌。防火涂料可对钢结构起到有效的防火保护作用，可延缓钢结构在火灾中的升温，延长其到达临界温度的时间，可以为消防人员灭火和人们逃生争取时间，具有重要的现实意义。
钢结构防火涂料具有涂覆厚度薄、饰面型好等特点，被广泛应用于钢结构中，在遇火受热条件下能快速膨胀到原始厚度的十几倍甚至数十倍，在钢结构表面形成一层致密的隔热保温层，阻止热量向钢结构传递，起到提高耐火极限的功能。然而，相对于其他非膨胀型防火涂料，现有的钢结构防火涂料在发泡膨胀初期隔热能力较低，导致钢结构在隔热保温层完全膨胀之前温度上升较大，整体耐火效果通常不如非膨胀型防火涂料，且多数涂料对于钢结构的负重增加较大，其应用效果不理想，使用受到限制。
发明内容
本发明提出一种水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料，该防火涂料具有涂层薄且隔热防火性能优异的特点。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料，按照重量份数，包括以下组分：
丙烯酸乳液40～60份、硅丙乳液10～30份、聚磷酸铵4～8份、双季戊四醇2～6份、膨胀珍珠岩8～16份、润湿分散剂0.4～0.8份、流平剂0.3～0.6份、成膜助剂2～6份及改性钛酸钾晶须20～30份；其中，所述改性钛酸钾晶须主要由钛酸钾晶须、纳米二氧化钛与铝酸酯偶联剂制备得到。
优选地，所述改性钛酸钾晶须的制备方法为：
将钛酸钾晶须加入到3～6wt％的马来酸溶液中进行超声分散，升温至80℃～90℃，然后再加入纳米二氧化钛与铝酸酯偶联剂，搅拌反应2～6h，结束后离心真空干燥即可。
优选地，所述钛酸钾晶须与所述铝酸酯偶联剂的质量之比为25～35:1，所述钛酸钾晶须与所述纳米二氧化钛的质量之比为2～6:1。
优选地，所述润湿分散剂为六偏磷酸钠润湿剂；所述流平剂选用水性丙烯酸酯共聚物、氟改性聚丙烯酸酯共聚物或聚醚改性聚硅氧烷聚合物其中的一种。
优选地，所述成膜助剂为丙二醇苯醚、二丙二醇正丁醚、十二碳醇酯、甲氧基丁醇、乙二醇单丁醚与二丙二醇丙醚中的至少一种。
本发明的水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料的制备方法：
按照配比将上述组分混合均匀后即可。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明的水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料添加了主要由钛酸钾晶须、纳米二氧化钛与铝酸酯偶联剂制备得到的改性钛酸钾晶须，其与基体树脂结合力高，不易析出，提高了防火涂料的耐火隔热性能。
本发明采用两种乳液为基料，兼顾了涂层的防火性、防腐蚀性及装饰性，避免了单一乳液作基料而带来的某种涂膜缺陷。
具体实施方式
实施例1
改性钛酸钾晶须的制备方法为：
将钛酸钾晶须加入到3wt％的马来酸溶液中进行超声分散，升温至80℃，然后再加入纳米二氧化钛与铝酸酯偶联剂，搅拌反应10h，结束后离心真空干燥即可。
钛酸钾晶须与铝酸酯偶联剂的质量之比为25:1，钛酸钾晶须与纳米二氧化钛的质量之比为6:1。
实施例2
改性钛酸钾晶须的制备方法为：
将钛酸钾晶须加入到6wt％的马来酸溶液中进行超声分散，升温至90℃，然后再加入纳米二氧化钛与铝酸酯偶联剂，搅拌反应5h，结束后离心真空干燥即可。
钛酸钾晶须与铝酸酯偶联剂的质量之比为35:1，钛酸钾晶须与纳米二氧化钛的质量之比为2:1。
实施例3
一种水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料，按照重量份数，包括以下组分：
丙烯酸乳液50份、硅丙乳液20份、聚磷酸铵6份、双季戊四醇7份、膨胀珍珠岩12份、六偏磷酸钠润湿剂0.6份、水性丙烯酸酯共聚物0.5份、丙二醇苯醚4份及实施例1的改性钛酸钾晶须26份。
实施例4
一种水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料，按照重量份数，包括以下组分：
丙烯酸乳液40份、硅丙乳液30份、聚磷酸铵4份、双季戊四醇8份、膨胀珍珠岩8份、六偏磷酸钠润湿剂0.4份、聚醚改性聚硅氧烷聚合物0.3份、十二碳醇酯3份及实施例2的改性钛酸钾晶须20份。
实施例5
一种水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料，按照重量份数，包括以下组分：
丙烯酸乳液60份、硅丙乳液10份、聚磷酸铵8份、双季戊四醇5份、膨胀珍珠岩16份、六偏磷酸钠润湿剂0.5份、聚醚改性聚硅氧烷聚合物0.6份、乙二醇单丁醚2份及实施例1的改性钛酸钾晶须30份。
实施例6
一种水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料，按照重量份数，包括以下组分：
丙烯酸乳液45份、硅丙乳液15份、聚磷酸铵5份、双季戊四醇10份、膨胀珍珠岩14份、六偏磷酸钠润湿剂0.8份、氟改性聚丙烯酸酯共聚物0.6份、二丙二醇丙醚6份及实施例2的改性钛酸钾晶须24份。
试验例
将实施例3～6得到的水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料按照GB14907-2002进行性能测试，结果见表1：
表1本发明的水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料的性能测试结果
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料，其特征在于，按照重量份数，包括以下组分：
丙烯酸乳液40～60份、硅丙乳液10～30份、聚磷酸铵4～8份、双季戊四醇2～6份、膨胀珍珠岩8～16份、润湿分散剂0.4～0.8份、流平剂0.3～0.6份、成膜助剂2～6份及改性钛酸钾晶须20～30份；其中，所述改性钛酸钾晶须主要由钛酸钾晶须、纳米二氧化钛与铝酸酯偶联剂制备得到。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料，其特征在于，所述改性钛酸钾晶须的制备方法为：
将钛酸钾晶须加入到3～6wt％的马来酸溶液中进行超声分散，升温至80℃～90℃，然后再加入纳米二氧化钛与铝酸酯偶联剂，搅拌反应2～6h，结束后离心真空干燥即可。
3.根据权利要求2所述的水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料，其特征在于，所述钛酸钾晶须与所述铝酸酯偶联剂的质量之比为25～35:1，所述钛酸钾晶须与所述纳米二氧化钛的质量之比为2～6:1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料，其特征在于，所述润湿分散剂为六偏磷酸钠润湿剂；所述流平剂选用水性丙烯酸酯共聚物、氟改性聚丙烯酸酯共聚物或聚醚改性聚硅氧烷聚合物其中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料，其特征在于，所述成膜助剂为丙二醇苯醚、二丙二醇正丁醚、十二碳醇酯、甲氧基丁醇、乙二醇单丁醚与二丙二醇丙醚中的至少一种。
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Application publication date: 20190222