CN109369803B - 一种抗狂犬病毒g蛋白的纳米抗体及其应用 - Google Patents
一种抗狂犬病毒g蛋白的纳米抗体及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种抗狂犬病毒G蛋白的纳米抗体,所述纳米抗体具有独特的3个互补决定区CDR1、CDR2、CDR3,本发明还提供了所述纳米抗体在制备狂犬病预防和/或治疗药物中的应用。本发明提供的纳米抗体对狂犬病毒G蛋白具有高度特异的识别和结合能力,亲和力常数最高可达1.36E‑10,并能够通过与G蛋白的特异性结合,从而竞争性抑制G蛋白与新生SD大鼠脑神经细胞受体的结合,证明其在预防和/或治疗狂犬病毒感染中能够发挥有效的免疫保护作用,显示其在狂犬病预防和/或治疗药物制备中的良好应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明公开了一种抗体,更具体地,本发明公开了一种纳米抗体。
背景技术
狂犬病是由狂犬病毒引起的人兽共患全球性传染疾病,人和动物一旦发病,几乎100%死亡。WHO推荐,对于狂犬病暴露,尤其严重暴露者应全程注射狂犬疫苗与抗狂犬病抗体。抗血清对预防狂犬病起着至关重要的作用,由于马免疫血清(ERIG)副反应较大,而人源狂犬病免疫球蛋白(HRIG)来源有限,且存在潜在的病原污染与批次间差异等缺点,因此,急需开发用于治疗的人源抗狂犬病单克隆抗体或者人源化基因工程抗体。同时无论是狂犬疫苗生产过程中的滴度检测,还是疫苗免疫后的抗狂犬病中和抗体检测都需要相应的检测抗体。
狂犬病病毒属于弹状病毒科狂犬病病毒属,是单股负链不分节段的RNA病毒,是引起狂犬病的病原体。根据对世界各地狂犬病毒株的鉴定和病毒基因组中的N基因末端的500个核苷酸的相似百分比的不同分析,将狂犬病病毒分为4个血清型7个基因型。只有血清型1/基因型I称为狂犬病毒,而其他所有的基因型称为狂犬相关病毒。在自然界中的所有基因型都可造成人或动物的死亡。以上这些基因型又进一步合并为2个遗传谱系:其中基因型1、4、5、6和7为遗传谱系I;基因型2和3为遗传谱系II。每个遗传谱系中的病毒在生物特性上有所不同,如致病性、细胞凋亡的诱导、细胞受体识别等。狂犬病毒基因组大小为12Kb,编码5种结构蛋白,从3′到5′端依次为:核蛋白(N)、磷蛋白(P或NS)、基质蛋白(M)和表面糖蛋白(G)、RNA多聚酶(L)。L蛋白在转录过程发挥重要作用;N蛋白是组成病毒粒子的主要部分,是诱导狂犬病细胞免疫的主要成分,常用于狂犬病病毒的诊断、分类和流行病学研究;M蛋白为特异性抗原;G蛋白是构成病毒表面纤维状刺突的糖蛋白,具有凝集红细胞的特性,是狂犬病病毒与细胞受体结合的结构,在狂犬病病毒致病与刺激机体免疫应答产生中和抗体中起着关键作用。
在狂犬病毒中,G蛋白是研究最广泛、最深入的蛋白质,它是一种跨膜糖蛋白,存在于病毒包膜表面,以同源三聚体的形式存在,构成病毒表面突起。狂犬病毒G蛋白基因编码区长1575bp,含有一个开放读码框(ORF),编码含有524或522个氨基酸的糖蛋白前体,其中的前19个氨基酸残基为信号肽,信号肽被切除后,在内质网中经糖基化等修饰,形成由505个氨基酸残基组成的成熟G蛋白。成熟的G蛋白可分为三部分:膜外区,由1-439位氨基酸构成,携带有狂犬病病毒主要的抗原决定位点,并参与受体识别和膜融合的过程;跨膜区,由440-461位22个氨基酸组成连续性疏水区,与G蛋白在病毒脂质双层膜上的固定有关;膜内区,由462-505位氨基酸组成,其羧基末端位于病毒包膜内表面,提供基质蛋白与核蛋白的作用位点。
G蛋白是狂犬病病毒结构蛋白中唯一能诱生宿主产生中和抗体的蛋白。目前己知的抗原位点都位于膜外区,主要有三个:抗原位点Ⅲ、抗原位点Ⅱ和抗原位点Ⅰ,每个抗原位点又有多个抗原表位相互重叠而成。抗原位点Ⅲ大致位于330-357区段,是最重要的抗原区,其中333-338位氨基酸是中和抗体的主要结合部位,而且第333、336、338位氨基酸与抗原性关系最大,虽然它位于短的线性空间内,但仍是一种空间依赖型的抗原位点。抗原位点Ⅱ位于34-200区段,其中主要两个表位在34-42和198-200区段,两者中间通过二硫键连接,是一段典型的空间构象抗原位点。G蛋白抗原性变化经常是因为GⅡ位点上的34-42位、147位、184位和198-200位氨基酸及GⅢ位点上330-340位氨基酸的改变造成的。狂犬病毒G蛋白还存在一个线性中和表位,位于第244-281氨基酸区段内,称为G5,这一位点是G蛋白唯一的一个线性中和抗原位点,虽然免疫原性较弱,但该位点在不同的狂犬病病毒株中是高度保守的。
目前,暴露后预防中使用的抗狂犬病免疫球蛋白有两种,马抗狂犬病血清(ERIG)和人抗狂犬病血清(HRIG)。但ERIG有较严重的副反应,诸如血清病、严重的过敏反应等,而且对某些疫苗的抗体反应会产生抑制作用。纯化的ERIG被证明是安全有效的,但仍有大约1~6%的人会发生不良反应,因此应用前须进行皮试。但即使是ERIG,在许多第三世界国家,也是供应不足。由于ERIG的副反应,美国ACIP建议优先选用HRIG。自1975年以来,在美国已用HRIG治疗过25万人,并无任何血清病的发生。但由于HRIG是从经过免疫的人血清中获得,而且免疫供体的抗体滴度必须至少要达到151U/ml以上才能使用,所以来源有限,价格非常昂贵。并且HRIG也存在一些潜在的问题,如血液制品的潜在致病性,不同批次抗体质量的批间差异等,这些都限制了HRIG的广泛应用。由于经济方面的原因,尽管ERIG有较强的副反应,ERIG仍在许多第三世界国家中广泛应用。HRIG和ERIG存在的这些问题迫切要求人们去发展一种新的替代方式。
单克隆抗体的出现为狂犬病的预防和治疗代来了新的希望。但是单克隆抗体的风险是有可能在应用过程中不能中和那些针对其抗原表位发生基因突变的逃逸病毒。且无论是市售的诊断用抗体还是治疗用单抗,绝大多数是杂交瘤细胞分泌的单克隆抗体,存在杂交瘤细胞传代稳定性差等缺点。
2003年Jones获得了针对抗原位点Ⅰ的基因工程单克隆抗体SO57改造后的抗体CR57,2005年,Kramer等通过从人源的噬菌体展示抗体库中的筛选以及工程改造获得抗体CR4098(针对抗原位点Ⅲ),同年,Goudsmit将CR4098与CR57组成的位点互补的单抗鸡尾酒混合抗体CR57/CR4098,后来该组合被命名为CL184M。在I期临床试验中,其被证明安全、有效,未造成明显副反应。在单克隆抗体治疗效果存在着一定缺陷的情况下,鸡尾酒疗法所代来的效果为狂犬病的预防和治疗提供了一种新的思路
1993年,Hamers-Casterman等研究发现,在骆驼科动物(骆驼,单峰骆驼和美洲驼)的体内发现了一类仅有重链二聚体(H2)的抗体,其主要是IgG2和IgG3类型,此类抗体由于缺乏轻链,于是将这种抗体称为仅有重链的抗体(Heavy chain only like Antibody,HCAbs),其抗原结合部位由一个结构域组成,称为VHH区,因此该类抗体也被称为单结构域抗体或者单域抗体(sdAb)。由于该类抗体为去除恒定区后的可变区序列,分子量只有15kD,大约10纳米的直径,因此也被称为纳米抗体(Nbs)。另外,在鲨鱼中也观察到这类单结构域抗体,称为VNAR。这种仅有重链的抗体原来只是作为一种人类B细胞增生性疾病(重链病)的病理形式被人们所认识。这种仅有重链的抗体可能是由于基因组水平的突变和缺失而导致重链CH1结构域不能表达,使得表达出的重链缺乏CH1,从而缺乏与轻链的结合能力,因此形成一种重链二聚体。
相对于常规的四链抗体的scFv而言,纳米抗体在亲和力方面与其对应的scFv相当,但在可溶性、稳定性、对聚集的抗性、可重折叠性、表达产率以及DNA操作、文库构建和3-D结构测定的容易性方面超越scFv。由于仅有重链,纳米抗体的制造较单克隆抗体容易。纳米抗体的独特性质,如处于极端温度和pH环境中的稳定性,可以降低成本制造大产量。因此,纳米抗体在疾病的预防、治疗和诊断中具有很大的价值和发展前景。
基于传统抗体在狂犬病的治疗和预防上存在着一些难于克服的技术问题,本发明的目的就是提供一种既能够充分发挥纳米抗体的优越性能,又具有优异的特异性抗原结合能力的抗狂犬病毒G蛋白的纳米抗体,并进一步提供其在制备狂犬病预防和/或治疗药物中的应用。
发明内容
基于上述发明目的,本发明首先提供了一种抗狂犬病毒的纳米抗体,所述纳米抗体的可变区具有3个互补决定区CDR1、CDR2、CDR3,其中,
(1)CDR1序列由SEQ ID NO.1所述氨基酸序列组成,CDR2序列由SEQ ID NO.2所述氨基酸序列组成,CDR3序列由SEQ ID NO.3所述氨基酸序列组成,或者
(2)CDR1序列由下述氨基酸序列组成:由SEQ ID NO.7所述氨基酸序列组成,CDR2序列由SEQ ID NO.8所述氨基酸序列组成,CDR3序列由SEQ ID NO.9所述氨基酸序列组成,或者
(3)CDR1序列由SEQ ID NO.12所述氨基酸序列组成,CDR2序列由SEQ ID NO.13所述氨基酸序列组成,CDR3序列由SEQ ID NO.14所述氨基酸序列组成。
在一个优选的技术方案中,所述纳米抗体的可变区序列
(1)由SEQ ID NO.4所述氨基酸序列组成,或者
(2)由SEQ ID NO.10所述氨基酸序列组成,或者
(3)由SEQ ID NO.15所述氨基酸序列组成。
在一个更为优选的技术方案中,所述纳米抗体还具有恒定区,所述纳米抗体的恒定区序列由SEQ ID NO.5所述氨基酸序列组成。
第二,本发明还提供了一种编码上述纳米抗体序列的核苷酸序列,所述序列由SEQID NO.6所示,或者由SEQ ID NO.11所示,或者由SEQ ID NO.16所示。
第三,本发明提供了一种含有上述核苷酸序列的表达载体。
在一个优选的技术方案中,所述载体为pMES4。
第四,本发明提供了一种含有上述表达载体的宿主细胞。
在一个优选的技术方案中,所述细胞为大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)。
第五,本发明还提供了上述的纳米抗体在在制备狂犬病预防和/或治疗药物中的应用。
最后,本发明还提供了一种纳米抗体的组合物,所述组合物含有下述纳米抗体的一种或多种,可变区由SEQ ID NO.4所示氨基酸序列的纳米抗体、由SEQ ID NO.10所示氨基酸序列的纳米抗体,和/或由SEQ ID NO.15所示氨基酸序列的纳米抗体。
本发明提供的抗狂犬病毒的纳米抗体,由于具有独特的CDR1、2和3区序列,对狂犬病毒G蛋白具有高度特异的识别和结合能力,其中亲和力常数最高可达1.36E-10,并能够通过与G蛋白的特异性结合,从而竞争性抑制G蛋白与新生SD大鼠脑神经细胞受体的结合,证明其在预防和/或治疗狂犬病毒感染中能够发挥有效的免疫保护重要,显示其在狂犬病预防和/或治疗药物制备中的良好应用前景。
附图说明
图1.转移载体双酶切电泳鉴定图谱;
图2.杆状病毒表达狂犬病毒G蛋白的PCR鉴定图谱;
图3.杆状病毒表达狂犬病毒G蛋白Western-blot鉴定图谱;
图4.狂犬病毒G蛋白纯化SDS-PAGE鉴定图谱;
图5.提取的总RNA电泳鉴定图谱;
图6.第一轮PCR扩增抗体可变区基因电泳鉴定图谱;
图7.第二轮PCR扩增抗体可变区基因电泳鉴定图谱;
图8.pMES4表达载体结构示意图;
图9.pMES4载体双酶切反应电泳鉴定图谱;
图10.纳米抗体表达SDS-PAGE鉴定图谱;
图11.融合表达载体构建示意图;
图12.FC融合纳米抗体纯化SDS-PAGE鉴定图谱;
图13.抗狂犬病毒G蛋白纳米抗体的间接免疫荧光检测图谱。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例来进一步描述本发明,本发明的优点和特点将会随着描述而更为清楚。但这些实施例仅是范例性的,并不对本发明的保护范围构成任何限制。
实施例1.狂犬病毒G蛋白的制备
1.1转移载体构建
将全基因合成的狂犬病毒G蛋白膜外区(AAV85905.1)质粒PUC57-RVG(金唯智公司合成,C端含有His标签)与载体PFastBac HTB(购自Biofeng公司)同时经BamⅠ和PstⅠ双内切酶酶切,回收G蛋白膜外区基因(1.4kb)和线性化目的载体片段(4.8kb),用T4连接酶连接,命名为PFastBac HTB-RVG,转化DH5α宿主菌后,经庆大霉素和氨苄霉素双抗性筛选,挑选阳性菌落,扩增并提取质粒,利用BamⅠ和PstⅠ进行双酶切鉴定并测序(图1:M为Trans 2K DNAmarker;1为PFastBac HTB-RVG经BamⅠ和PstⅠ双酶切产物)。
1.2表达质粒的构建
将鉴定正确的菌株经过夜扩增提取质粒后转化DH10Bac宿主菌,热激冰浴后加入900μLS.O.C液体培养基,37℃225rpm/min复苏4h。取不同稀释度(10-1,10-2,10-3)菌液100μL,涂于琼脂平板上(含50μg/ml卡那霉素,7μg/ml庆大霉素,10μg/ml四环素,100μg/mlBluo-gal,40μg/ml IPTG),待菌液吸收完全后,倒置放于37℃培养箱中,孵育约48h。转化平板转置于4℃显色1-2h,选择白色菌斑进行测序鉴定。
1.3重组杆状病毒制备扩增
采用碱裂解法对鉴定阳性的质粒进行提取。在6孔板中每孔接种9×105个Sf9细胞,28℃孵育一个小时后用于转染。将1μg鉴定正确的表达质粒与6μL的脂质体CellfectinReagent(购自Thermo)分别加入100μL无血清无抗生素的Grace’s培养基中混匀,然后将二者轻轻混合后室温下放置15-45min。弃去细胞培养基,用2ml的Grace’s培养基轻轻洗涤细胞两次,弃去培养基。此时向混合物中加入0.8ml的Grace’s培养基,轻轻混合后加入洗涤好的Sf9细胞中,28℃孵育5h。弃去转染上清,更换3ml Sf900Ⅱ完全培养基。在转染后12h、24h、36h、48h、60h、72h六个时间点连续观察细胞变化,在细胞完全病变时,收集细胞上清并用0.2μm的滤器进行过滤,获得第一代重组杆状病毒,置于4℃保存,命名为Bac-HTB-RVG。利用同样的方法进行扩增,获得第二代、第三代及第四代Bac-HTB-RVG。
1.4杆状病毒表达G蛋白的鉴定
利用PCR和Western-blot两种方法同时对杆状病毒表达的G蛋白进行鉴定。具体操作为:将收获的第四代细胞洗涤两次后用PBS重悬,室温1200rpm离心5min后弃上清,用适量PBS重悬,反复冻融后4℃3000rpm离心10min,取上清作为模板进行PCR扩增,获得一条大小约为1.4kb的目的条带(图2:M为Trans 2K DNA marker;1为Bac-HTB-RVG的PCR扩增产物)。同时将洗涤离心后的细胞用适量蛋白裂解液重悬,反复冻融后13000rpm离心15min,收集上清进行SDS-PAGE,经过转膜及TBST清洗,1%脱脂奶粉封闭2h,TBST清洗三次,加入1:200稀释的人免狂犬疫苗血清,4℃过夜,TBST再次清洗后加入1:5000稀释的HRP标记的抗人IgG抗体,37℃孵育30min,TBST清洗后加DAB显色液显色。结果可见,表达蛋白存在于细胞裂解液中,分子量为65kDa左右,且具有良好抗原性(图3:杆状病毒表达G蛋白Western-blot结果)。1.5狂犬病毒G蛋白基因的纯化
将收获的第四代细胞洗涤两次后用PBS重悬,室温1200rpm离心5min后弃上清,用适量蛋白裂解液重悬反复冻融后13000rpm离心15min,收集上清使用Ni-NTA树脂进行纯化,使用不同浓度咪唑进行洗脱和收集,将收集的样品进行还原型蛋白电泳分析(图4:M为彩虹180广谱蛋白Marker;1为蛋白裂解液原液;2为咪唑洗脱产物),最后将G蛋白透析到PBS中。
实施例2.抗狂犬病毒G蛋白纳米抗体噬菌体展示文库的构建及筛选
2.1羊驼的免疫
选取健康成年羊驼一只,将纯化的狂犬病毒G蛋白与弗氏佐剂按1:1的比例混匀,按6-7μg/kg采用背部皮下多点注射的方式免疫羊驼,共免疫四次,免疫间隔为2周。之后采集羊驼外周血,用于构建噬菌体展示文库。
2.2.驼源淋巴细胞的分离
按照本技术领域常规程序从采集的驼源抗凝全血中分离淋巴细胞,每2.5×107个活细胞加入1mLRNA分离试剂,取1mL进行RNA提取,其余-80℃保存。
2.3总RNA提取
按照本技术领域常规程序提取总RNA,用RNase-free水调整浓度到1μg/μL(见图5:M为Trans 2K DNA marker;1为提取的总RNA)。
2.4.反转录合成cDNA
根据逆转录试剂盒说明书(Roche公司的transcripor first stand cDNAsynthesis KIT)以2.3步骤获得的RNA为模板进行逆转录cDNA。
2.5抗体可变区基因扩增
将反转录得到的cDNA作为模版进行PCR反应。扩增共进行两轮,第一轮PCR的引物序列如下:
CALL001:5'-GTCCTGGCTGCTCTTCTACAAGG-3'
CALL002:5'-GGTACGTGCTGTTGAACTGTTCC-3'
PCR反应条件及程序为:95℃5分钟;95℃30秒,57℃30秒,72℃30秒,30个循环;72℃7分钟使用琼脂糖凝胶回收试剂盒胶回收700bp左右的条带,最终用水调整核酸浓度至5ng/μl(图6:M为Trans 2K DNA Marker;1为第一轮PCR产物)。
第二轮PCR的引物序列如下:
VHH-Back:5'-GATGTGCAGCTGCAGGAGTCTGGRGGAGG-3'
VHH-For:5'-CTAGTGCGGCCGCTGGAGACGGTGACCTGGGT-3'
PCR反应条件及程序为:95℃5分钟;95℃30秒,55℃30秒,72℃30秒,15个循环;72℃7分钟使用PCR产物回收试剂盒纯化PCR产物(图7:M为Trans 2K DNA Marker;1为第二轮PCR产物)。
2.6载体构建
将pMES4(购自Biovector,其结构示意图见图8)与第二次PCR产物分别进行PstI、BstEII双酶切,取1.5μg酶切后载体和450ng酶切后的第二次PCR产物,加15μL T4DNA连接酶,补充缓冲液和水至150μL总体积,16℃过夜连接并回收连接产物。使用PCR产物回收试剂盒进行产物回收,20μL水洗脱。1%琼脂糖电泳凝胶检测pMES4载体双酶切结果(图9:M为Trans 2K DNA Marker;1-3为pMES4载体双酶切后产物)。
2.7电转化及库容测定
取10μL纯化后的连接产物,加入到含有50μL大肠杆菌TG1感受态细胞的预冷电转杯中置入电转仪(美国BTX的ECM630电转仪)进行电转化,取出电转杯,复苏并培养转化子。随机挑选18个克隆,进行菌落PCR鉴定。根据PCR阳性率推算库容(库容量=克隆数×稀释倍数×PCR鉴定阳性率×10)。
引物序列如下:
MP57:5'-TTATGCTTCCGGCTCGTATG-3'
GIII:5'-CCACAGACAGCCCTCATAG-3'
2.8噬菌体扩增
取复苏的菌液接种至YT-AG培养基中,37℃200rpm培养到培养物OD600=0.5。取出10ml菌液加入4×1010VCSM13,37℃静止感染30分钟。4000rpm,常温离心10分钟,去净上清。用2×YT-AK(含氨苄青霉素和卡那霉素)培养基重悬菌体,37℃200rpm培养过夜。离心取上清40ml管中,加入10ml PEG/NaCl(20%/2.5M)溶液充分混合,离心弃上清,沉淀用1ml冰PBS洗涤离心,取上清250μl预冷的PEG/NaCl,充分混匀并洗涤重悬。
测定噬菌体滴度:将TG1培养至OD600=0.4,用LB培养基梯度稀释噬菌体,取倍比稀释的噬菌体TG1培养物混合培养,次日观察培养板中噬菌斑形成情况,对噬菌斑数在30-300的稀释梯度平板进行计数并按照下列公式计算噬菌体滴度(pfu)。
噬菌体滴度(pfu/ml)=稀释倍数×噬菌斑数目×100
2.9纳米抗体筛选
通过ELISA方法以狂犬病毒G蛋白为抗原筛选阳性克隆。以G蛋白抗原包被ELISA板,5%BSA封闭,PBST洗涤。每孔加入100μl噬菌体上清液,37℃放置1小时。弃上清,加入HRP标记的小鼠抗M13的二抗,37℃放置1小时。弃上清,加入TMB溶液,室温孵育5小时,每孔加入2M硫酸终止液,用酶标仪450nm读数。
通过羊驼免疫、细胞分离、噬菌体文库的构建、纳米抗体的筛选,共筛选出3株抗狂犬病毒G蛋白的纳米抗体。用Vector NTI软件对测序结果进行分析,登录IMGT(http:// www.imgt.org/IMGT_vquest),对抗体轻链和重链基因进行分析,以确定可变区的框架区(Framework Regions,FR)和互补决定区(Complementary Determining Regions,CDR)。
纳米抗体VHH-RVG-1重链核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO.6所示,可变区氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO.4所示,其中第1-25位氨基酸序列为FR1,第26-33位氨基酸序列为CDR1,第34-50位氨基酸序列为FR2,第51-57位氨基酸序列为CDR2,第58-95位氨基酸序列为FR3,第96-103位氨基酸序列为CDR3,第104-114位氨基酸序列为FR4。
纳米抗体VHH-RVG-2重链核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO.11,可变区氨基酸序列为SEQID NO.10所示,其中第1-25位氨基酸序列为FR1,第26-33位氨基酸序列为CDR1,第34-50位氨基酸序列为FR2,第51-57位氨基酸序列为CDR2,第58-95位氨基酸序列为FR3,第96-103位氨基酸序列为CDR3,第104-114位氨基酸序列为FR4。
纳米抗体VHH-RVG-3重链核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO.16,可变区氨基酸序列为SEQID NO.15,其中第1-25位氨基酸序列为FR1,第26-33位氨基酸序列为CDR1,第34-50位氨基酸序列为FR2,第51-57位氨基酸序列为CDR2,第58-95位氨基酸序列为FR3,第96-103位氨基酸序列为CDR3,第104-114位氨基酸序列为FR4。
2.10纳米抗体在大肠杆菌中的表达
将含有纳米抗体核酸的原始菌株TG1甘油菌,按照1:1000比例接种于5mL新鲜的LB-A培养基,37℃,200rpm过夜培养。次日,使用Plasmid mini kit(OMEGA)按照说明书提取质粒。经验证后将上述质粒1μl转化于100μl感受态细胞中,轻轻混匀,在冰上放置30分钟,42℃水浴热激90秒,冰浴冷却3分钟。向离心管加入600μl LB培养基,37℃振荡培养60分钟。取上清100μl,用三角涂布器涂布在LB-A平板上,37℃倒置培养过夜。挑取上述单克隆菌落于LB-A培养基中,37℃振荡培养过夜。次日,取该菌液按照1:100比例加入100ml新鲜LB-A培养基,37℃振荡培养3小时至菌液OD600=0.8左右,加入终浓度为1mM IPTG,30℃诱导过夜。第三日,8000rpm,离心10分钟收集菌体,加入1.5mL的预冷TES缓冲液重悬沉淀。冰浴2分钟后,轻柔振荡30秒,重复此循环6次。加3.0ml TES/4(将TES用水稀释4倍),轻柔振荡30秒后,冰浴静置2分钟,同样重复振荡和静置步骤共6次。9000rpm,4℃离心10分钟,收集约4.5mL的上清(周质提取物),将上清进行蛋白电泳分析。
2.11纳米抗体的纯化和鉴定
将IMAC Sepharose(GE公司)重悬后,取2ml加入到重力柱内,静置30分钟,使sepharose自然沉降于重力柱底部,流出保存缓冲液。加入2倍柱体积的硫酸镍溶液(0.1M),按照约8秒/滴的流速流出硫酸镍溶液;加入10倍柱体积的平衡缓冲液平衡并洗涤sepharose,流速维持不变;将样品使用平衡缓冲液2倍稀释后,加入重力柱中,调节流速为6秒/滴,收集穿透液;加入10倍柱体积洗涤缓冲液洗涤sepharose,维持流速不变,收集洗涤液;加入3倍柱体积的洗脱缓冲液,流速维持在6秒/滴,收集含有目的蛋白的洗脱液;最后依次加入10倍柱体积的平衡缓冲液、10倍柱体积的纯水和10倍柱体积的20%乙醇洗涤sepharose,并最终保留4ml的20%乙醇来保存柱子。上述收集的样品分别进行SDS-PAGE检测(图10:M为彩虹180广谱蛋白Marker;1-3为大肠杆菌诱导表达纯化后的纳米抗体)。
实施例3.抗狂犬病毒G蛋白纳米抗体与抗原的亲和活性测定
3.1芯片抗原偶联:将抗原用不同pH的醋酸钠缓冲液(pH5.5,pH5.0,pH4.5,pH4.0)配制成20μg/mL的工作液,同时准备50mM的NaOH再生溶液,利用Biacore T100蛋白相互作用分析系统仪器中的模板方法对不同pH条件的抗原与芯片(GE公司)表面之间的静电结合进行分析,以信号增加的量达到5倍RL为标准,选择合适的最偏中性的pH体系并根据需要调整抗原浓度作为偶联时的条件。按照仪器中自带的模板方法对芯片进行偶联:其中1通道选择空白偶联模式,2通道选择Target偶联模式,目标设置为设计好的理论偶联量。偶联过程大概耗时60min。
3.2分析物浓度设置条件探索及再生条件优化:采取手动进样模式,选择1,2通道2-1模式进样,流速设置为30μL/min。进样条件均为120s,30μL/min。再生条件均为30s,30μL/min。首先持续空走运行缓冲液直至所有基线均稳定。准备浓度跨度较大的纳米抗体溶液,以运行缓冲液配置,建议设置200μg/mL,150μg/mL,100μg/mL,50μg/mL,20μg/mL,10μg/mL,2μg/mL。准备再生溶液,选择谷氨酸盐酸体系四个pH梯度的再生溶液:1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0。手动进样200μg/mL分析物样品,观察2通道,从最偏中性pH的再生缓冲液进行再生,直至2通道再生后的响应线回到与基线同一高度。再手动进样一次200μg/mL分析物样品,观察2-1通道的信号变化并记录结合量,用上一步中最后使响应线回到基线的再生溶液进行再生后,再次收手动进样200μg/mL分析物样品,观察2-1通道的信号变化并记录结合量与刚才的结合量数值对比,若偏差小于5%,即认为此pH的再生溶液为最佳的再生溶液,若再次进样的结合量偏低,则继续以更低pH的再生缓冲液进行实验。以选择的最佳再生溶液,作为每次进样后的芯片表面再生试剂。分别进样上面设置的分析物浓度样品,并对每个浓度的结合量进行分析,最终确定亲和力测试所需的浓度梯度。
3.3亲和力测试:按优化好的样品浓度梯度,再生溶液,使用仪器自带的模板方法(其中设置进样条件为60s,30μL/min;解离时间:600s;再生条件:30s,30μL/min)对纳米抗体及抗原之间的亲和力进行测试。随时观察2-1通道的信号情况。亲和力测试过程大概耗时200min。在具体实验中,将芯片上的纳米抗体俘获到适当的信号值,然后用系统运行缓冲液HBS-EP(10mM HEPES,150mM NaCl,3mM EDTA,0.05%P20)以30μL/min的流速注射到芯片上,获得纳米抗体与抗原相互作用的动态过程。分别使用该方法测试了3个纳米抗体与抗原结合和解离的能力。
3.4结果分析:选择合适的几个浓度梯度的结合解离曲线采用1:1binding的模式对所有曲线进行拟合,最终得到亲和力数值及结合常数和解离常数等重要参数。筛选的三株纳米抗体亲和力均达10-9(见表1),其中VHH-RVG-2的亲和力最高,达到1.36E-10。
表1:纳米抗体亲和力数据
样品编号 | 结合常数 | 解离常数 | 亲和力 |
VHH-RVG-1 | 2.657×10<sup>+5</sup> | 7.891×10<sup>-4</sup> | 2.97E-9 |
VHH-RVG-2 | 3.824×10<sup>+5</sup> | 5.201×10<sup>-5</sup> | 1.36E-10 |
VHH-RVG-3 | 1.191×10<sup>+5</sup> | 5.943×10<sup>-5</sup> | 4.99E-10 |
实施例4.抗狂犬病毒G蛋白纳米抗体融合FC的表达
利用引物,以VHH-pMES4为模板,PCR扩增纳米抗体基因。引物序列如下:
F:CCGAAATTCGAGTCTGGAGGAGG
R:GGAAGATCTCTGGGTCCCCTGGCCC
利用EcoRⅠ和Bgl II限制性内切酶(NEB)将PCR产物与融合表达载体pFUSE-hIgG1-Fc分别进行双酶切(载体示意图参见图11,该载体带有抗体恒定区的编码基因,所述编码基因表达出的氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO.5所示)。利用T4连接酶(NEB)将双酶切后的载体与纳米抗体基因连接过夜,转化DH5α感受态后利用无内毒素大提试剂盒(天根)提取质粒。转染人293细胞,采用蛋白A亲和层析的方法从293细胞的培养上清中纯化融合有恒定区序列的抗狂犬病毒G蛋白纳米抗体,大小为40kDa左右,解决了小分子蛋白包被难的缺点,可应用于狂犬病毒的检测(见图12:M为彩虹180广谱蛋白Marker;1-3为Fc融合表达纯化后的抗体VHH-RVG-1-Fc、VHH-RVG-2-Fc和VHH-RVG-3-Fc)。
实施例5.抗狂犬病毒G蛋白纳米抗体的细胞检测
将抗狂犬病毒G蛋白利用FITC标记试剂盒(AAT Biotech,货号为1299)进行标记,具体操作参照说明书。向24孔板滴加20μl完全培养液,将细胞爬片轻轻的放入24孔板内。将原代培养的新生SD大鼠脑神经细胞消化后浓度调整至1×105个/ml,每孔滴加100μl,放入培养箱中。4h后取出爬片,放置在载玻片上;将G蛋白与纳米抗体分别稀释为1mg/ml,G蛋白按照1:200稀释,纳米抗体按照1:500稀释,将两者按照1:1的比例加入(不加纳米抗体的G蛋白作为阳性对照),常温孵育2h后PBST洗涤5遍,每遍3min;按照甲醛与丙酮1:1的比例配制固定液,滴在爬片上,室温放置15min,PBST洗涤3遍;滴加30%甘油,防止干燥,镜下观察。判定标准为细胞表面见翠绿色颗粒状荧光点即为阳性细胞。根据荧光颗粒的多少、亮度强弱及阳性细胞的数量来判定结果,可分为以下4个等级。
“-”:无荧光,为阴性。
“+”:阳性细胞≤25%,为极弱的可疑荧光。
“++”:阳性细胞≤50%,荧光较弱,但清晰可见。
“+++”:阳性细胞≤70%,荧光明亮。
“++++”:阳性细胞≤90%,荧光强而明亮且范围广。
结果可见,不加纳米抗体的阳性对照荧光等级为“++++”;加入纳米抗体VHH-RVG-1、VHH-RVG-1-Fc的脑神经细胞显示出较强绿色荧光,荧光等级分别为“+++”和“++”;而加入纳米抗体VHH-RVG-2、VHH-RVG-3、VHH-RVG-2-Fc和VHH-RVG-3-Fc的脑神经细胞只有较弱绿光荧光,荧光等级均为“+”。说明纳米抗体VHH-RVG-2、VHH-RVG-3以及相应FC融合抗体很好地中和了狂犬病毒G蛋白,减少了其与脑神经细胞的结合(见表2及图13:A为阳性对照孔,B-G分别为加入纳米抗体VHH-RVG-1、VHH-RVG-2和VHH-RVG-3、VHH-RVG-1-Fc、VHH-RVG-2-Fc和VHH-RVG-3-Fc的检测孔)。
表2:纳米抗体间接免疫荧光结果
结果等级 | |
阳性对照 | “++++” |
VHH-RVG-1 | “+++” |
VHH-RVG-2 | “+” |
VHH-RVG-3 | “+” |
VHH-RVG-1-Fc | “++” |
VHH-RVG-2-Fc | “+” |
VHH-RVG-3-Fc | “+” |
序列表
<110> 深圳市国创纳米抗体技术有限公司
<120> 一种抗狂犬病毒G蛋白的纳米抗体及其应用
<160> 16
<170> PatentIn version 3.3
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cgacacgggt ggggccaggg gacccaggtc accgtctcct cagcgcacca cagcgaagac 360
cccagctcca agtgtcccaa atgcccaggc cctgagctcc ttggagggcc cacggtcttc 420
atcttccccc cgaaacccaa ggacgtcctc tccatcaccc gaaaacctga ggtcacgtgc 480
gttgtggtgg acgtgggtaa ggaagaccct gagatcgagt tcagctggtc cgtggatgac 540
acagaggtac acacggctga gacaaagcca aaggaggaac agttcaacag cacgtaccgc 600
gtggtcagcg tcctgcccat ccagcaccag gactggctga cggggaagga attcaagtgc 660
aaggtcaaca acaaagctct cccagccccc atcgagagga ccatctccaa ggccaaaggg 720
cagacccggg agccgcaggt gtacgccctg gccccacacc gggaagagct ggccaaggac 780
accgtgagcg taacctgcct ggtcaaaggc ttcttcccag ctgacatcaa cgttgagtgg 840
cagaggaacg ggcagccgga gtcagagggc acctacgcca ccacgctgcc ccagctggac 900
aacgacggga cctacttcct ctacagcaaa ctctccgtgg gaaagaacac gtggcagcag 960
ggagaagtct tcacctgtgt ggtgatgcac gaggctctac acaatcactc cacccagaaa 1020
tccatctccc agtct 1035
<210> 12
<211> 8
<212> PRT
<213> Lama pacos
<400> 12
Gly Ser Ile Ala Asn Ile Val Ala
1 5
<210> 13
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> Lama pacos
<400> 13
Val Thr Ser Gly Gly Gly Thr
1 5
<210> 14
<211> 8
<212> PRT
<213> Lama pacos
<400> 14
Asn Phe Leu Pro Asn Arg His Gly
1 5
<210> 15
<211> 114
<212> PRT
<213> Lama pacos
<400> 15
Gln Val Gln Leu Gln Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Val Pro Gly Gly
1 5 10 15
Ser Leu Thr Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Ser Ile Ala Asn Ile Val
20 25 30
Ala Met Gly Trp Tyr Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gln Arg Glu Val Val
35 40 45
Ala Val Val Thr Ser Gly Gly Gly Thr Ser Tyr Ala Glu Ser Val Lys
50 55 60
Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ala Lys Asn Thr Val Tyr Leu
65 70 75 80
Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Lys Pro Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Asn
85 90 95
Phe Leu Pro Asn Arg His Gly Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Gln Val Thr Val
100 105 110
Ser Ser
<210> 16
<211> 1035
<212> DNA
<213> Lama pacos
<400> 16
caggtgcagc tgcaggagtc tggaggaggc ttggtggtgc ctgggggatc tctgacactc 60
tcctgtgcag cctctggaag catcgccaac atcgttgcca tgggctggta ccgccaggct 120
ccagggaagc agcgcgaggt ggtcgcagtt gttactagtg gtggtgggac aagctatgca 180
gagtccgtga agggccgatt caccatttcc agagacaacg ccaagaacac ggtgtatctg 240
caaatgaaca gcttgaaacc tgaggacacg gccgtctatt actgtaattt cttaccgaac 300
cgacacgggt ggggccaggg gacccaggtc accgtctcct cagcgcacca cagcgaagac 360
cccagctcca agtgtcccaa atgcccaggc cctgagctcc ttggagggcc cacggtcttc 420
atcttccccc cgaaacccaa ggacgtcctc tccatcaccc gaaaacctga ggtcacgtgc 480
gttgtggtgg acgtgggtaa ggaagaccct gagatcgagt tcagctggtc cgtggatgac 540
acagaggtac acacggctga gacaaagcca aaggaggaac agttcaacag cacgtaccgc 600
gtggtcagcg tcctgcccat ccagcaccag gactggctga cggggaagga attcaagtgc 660
aaggtcaaca acaaagctct cccagccccc atcgagagga ccatctccaa ggccaaaggg 720
cagacccggg agccgcaggt gtacgccctg gccccacacc gggaagagct ggccaaggac 780
accgtgagcg taacctgcct ggtcaaaggc ttcttcccag ctgacatcaa cgttgagtgg 840
cagaggaacg ggcagccgga gtcagagggc acctacgcca ccacgctgcc ccagctggac 900
aacgacggga cctacttcct ctacagcaaa ctctccgtgg gaaagaacac gtggcagcag 960
ggagaagtct tcacctgtgt ggtgatgcac gaggctctac acaatcactc cacccagaaa 1020
tccatctccc agtct 1035
Claims (10)
1.一种抗狂犬病毒G蛋白的纳米抗体,其特征在于,所述纳米抗体的可变区具有3 个互补决定区CDR1、CDR2、CDR3,其中,
(1)CDR1序列由SEQ ID NO.1所示氨基酸序列组成,CDR2序列由SEQ ID NO.2所示氨基酸序列组成,CDR3序列由SEQ ID NO.3所示氨基酸序列组成,或者
(2)CDR1序列由SEQ ID NO.7所示氨基酸序列组成,CDR2序列由SEQ ID NO.8所示氨基酸序列组成,CDR3序列由SEQ ID NO.9所示氨基酸序列组成,或者
(3)CDR1序列由SEQ ID NO.12所示氨基酸序列组成, CDR2序列由SEQ ID NO.13所示氨基酸序列组成,CDR3序列由SEQ ID NO.14所示氨基酸序列组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的纳米抗体,其特征在于,所述纳米抗体的可变区序列
(1)由SEQ ID NO.4所示氨基酸序列组成,或者
(2)由SEQ ID NO.10所示氨基酸序列组成,或者
(3)由SEQ ID NO.15所示氨基酸序列组成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的纳米抗体,其特征在于,所述纳米抗体还具有恒定区,所述纳米抗体的恒定区序列由SEQ ID NO.5所示氨基酸序列组成。
4.一种编码权利要求3所述纳米抗体序列的核酸,所述序列由SEQ ID NO.6所示,或者由SEQ ID NO.11所示,或者由SEQ ID NO.16所示。
5.一种含有权利要求4所述核酸的表达载体。
6.根据权利要求5所述的表达载体,其特征在于,所述表达载体为pMES4。
7.一种含有权利要求6所述表达载体的宿主细胞。
8.根据权利要求7所述的宿主细胞,其特征在于,所述细胞为大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)。
9.权利要求1-3任一所述的纳米抗体在制备狂犬病预防和/或治疗药物中的应用。
10.一种纳米抗体的组合物,其特征在于,所述组合物含有下述纳米抗体的一种或多种,可变区氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.4所示的纳米抗体、可变区氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.10所示的纳米抗体,和可变区氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.15所示的纳米抗体。
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CN113861286B (zh) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-10-25 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | 犬细小病毒纳米抗体cpv-vhh-d4及其应用 |
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