CN109368726B - Floating island type coupled wind power sea water desalination system - Google Patents

Floating island type coupled wind power sea water desalination system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109368726B
CN109368726B CN201811479194.2A CN201811479194A CN109368726B CN 109368726 B CN109368726 B CN 109368726B CN 201811479194 A CN201811479194 A CN 201811479194A CN 109368726 B CN109368726 B CN 109368726B
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floating island
wind power
fresh water
sea water
compressor
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CN109368726A (en
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夏君君
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Tianjin Leke Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
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Tianjin Leke Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/041Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation by means of vapour compression
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/141Wind power

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a floating island type coupled wind power sea water desalination system which comprises a floating island shell, a spiral pipe heat exchanger, a fresh water tank, a fixed anchor, a filter screen, a one-way valve, an ejector, an aeration disc, a guide cylinder, a compressor support, an air suction valve, a compressor, an exhaust valve, a speed changing gear box, a fan, a silk screen foam remover and a fresh water pump. The invention adopts a coupling type wind power system as the driving energy of the sea water desalination system, and adopts the technical measures of high-temperature humidity carrying and low-temperature dehumidification of compressed air to realize sea water desalination. The floating island type coupled wind power sea water desalination system has the characteristics of small equipment investment, high energy utilization efficiency, mild operation conditions, difficult scaling of equipment, small maintenance amount and the like, and is particularly suitable for small-scale sea water desalination demand occasions such as standing islands, coastal areas and the like.

Description

Floating island type coupled wind power sea water desalination system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sea water desalination system, in particular to a floating island type coupled wind power sea water desalination system, and belongs to the technical field of sea water desalination.
Background
The shortage of water resources is an important factor affecting the social and economic development of China. In China, the eastern coastal region and some island regions far from the continent are severely deficient in fresh water resources, and meanwhile, the conventional power resources are deficient, but the wind power resources in the coastal region are quite abundant, and according to investigation, the wind power density in the eastern coastal region of China reaches 200W/m 2 The accumulated wind speed of more than 3.5m/s in the whole year reaches 7000-8000 h. If the wind energy is reasonably used for sea water desalination, the method has important practical significance for solving the shortage of fresh water resources in fresh water deficiency areas such as coasts, islands and the like.
Currently, the mainstream application technology of sea water desalination includes: multistage flash distillation (MSF), multiple Effect Distillation (MED), and Reverse Osmosis (RO). The three sea water desalting methods are mostly suitable for sea water desalting production enterprises with large quantity, and have the characteristics of long production flow, more matched equipment, large system energy consumption and the like. In the remote areas such as coastal islands, the power grid foundation is weak, and the practical application of the sea water desalination technology and the system is limited to a certain extent.
Wind energy sea water desalination technology is divided into two types, namely direct coupling type wind power sea water desalination technology and indirect wind power generation sea water desalination technology. The wind power generation sea water desalination technology is characterized in that wind energy is converted into electric energy, the electric energy is used for driving a desalination device to prepare fresh water, the energy conversion links are more in the operation process, the wind energy utilization rate is lower, and in addition, the investment proportion of a wind power generator set accounts for about 75% of the whole wind power system, so that the investment of the wind power generation sea water desalination system is larger.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at providing a floating island type coupling wind power sea water desalination system aiming at the defects of the prior art.
A floating island type coupled wind power sea water desalination system is characterized in that: the device comprises a floating island shell, a wind power driving system, a gas compression system, a heat exchange system, a gas circulation system and a fresh water collection system; the wind power driving system comprises a fan and a speed change gear box; the gas compression system comprises a suction valve, a compressor and a discharge valve; the heat exchange system comprises a heat exchanger; the gas circulation system comprises a one-way valve, an ejector, an aeration disc and a guide cylinder; the fresh water collection system comprises a fresh water tank and a fresh water pump; the wind power driving system is used for driving the gas compression system to compress and heat wet air, the compressed wet air is subjected to heat exchange by the heat exchange system to condensate fresh water and enter the fresh water collecting system, and the residual gas is circulated by the gas circulation system.
The floating island shell is of a semi-closed truncated cone structure with a sealed top surface and an open bottom surface, and is made of a multi-layer composite material with an anti-corrosion coating sprayed outside a built-in heat-insulating interlayer; the outer side wall of the floating island shell is provided with a fixed anchor for fixing the floating island shell; a wedge-shaped annular fresh water tank is arranged at the bottom side wall position in the floating island shell; the side wall of the fresh water tank is provided with a gas-water mixture inlet, a gas outlet and a fresh water outlet; an air outlet hole is formed in the top of the floating island shell, and the silk screen foam remover is arranged in front of the air outlet hole; the top surface platform of the floating island shell is provided with a compressor bracket; the guide cylinder is coaxially arranged at the middle position inside the floating island shell.
The fan is a two-blade, three-blade or multi-blade fan which is horizontally arranged, and a fan shaft is connected with a low-speed shaft of the speed change gear box; the high-speed output shaft of the speed change gear box is connected with the compressor; the fan, the speed change gear box and the compressor are all arranged on the compressor bracket. The air suction port of the compressor is connected with the air outlet hole at the top of the floating island shell, and an air suction valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline; an exhaust port of the compressor is connected with an inlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger, and the exhaust valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline; the outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger is connected with the air-water mixture inlet of the fresh water tank; the gas outlet of the fresh water tank is connected with the jet orifice of the ejector, the one-way valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline, and the jet orifice of the ejector is communicated with the gas phase space at the top of the floating island shell; the outlet of the ejector is connected with the aeration disc; the aeration disc is arranged at the bottom port of the guide cylinder.
And a fresh water outlet of the fresh water tank is connected with the fresh water pump.
Preferably:
the compressor is a Roots type, screw type or centrifugal compressor;
the silk screen foam remover is a silk screen made of SP type metal or polymer materials;
the heat exchange tube used by the spiral tube heat exchanger adopts an inner fin type heat exchange tube.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The coupled wind power system is used as the driving energy of the sea water desalination system, and the system is environment-friendly in operation; compared with a separated wind power system, the wind power generation system does not need expensive power generation equipment, the system directly converts wind energy into mechanical energy required by operation of a compressor, the energy conversion efficiency is high, the system structure is compact, and the initial equipment investment is small;
2) According to the invention, the sea water desalination is realized by adopting the technical principles of high-temperature humidity carrying and low-temperature dehumidification of compressed air, the compressed wet air is cooled and released at a spiral pipe heat exchanger to generate fresh water, the heat of air cooling and steam condensation is used for heating sea water in a floating island shell to raise the humidity carrying capacity of the air in the sea water, and the system energy utilization is reasonable and efficient;
3) The floating island shell adopts a semi-closed cone frustum-shaped structural design, the temperature gradient exists in the sea water in the floating island shell in the height direction when the system operates, the temperature of the sea water at the upper layer is higher, the tapered opening at the upper part of the floating island shell is beneficial to collecting the high-temperature sea water at the surface layer, and the temperature and the humidity carrying capacity of circulating air when the circulating air overflows from the sea water are convenient to improve; the gradual expansion opening at the lower part of the floating island shell is beneficial to the sedimentation and diffusion of the high-salinity seawater;
4) According to the floating island type coupling wind power sea water desalination system, the immersed depth of the floating island can be adjusted by adjusting the water quantity of the fresh water tank and the air cavity air quantity in the floating island shell, so that the traction and the movement of the floating island by a tug are facilitated, and the maneuverability is high; in addition, the invention has the characteristics of small equipment investment, high energy utilization efficiency, mild operation condition, difficult scaling of equipment, small maintenance amount and the like, and is especially suitable for small-scale sea water desalination demand occasions such as standing-protection islands, coastal areas and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a floating island type coupled wind power sea water desalination system according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a view of a floating island type coupled wind power sea water desalination system A-A according to the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the seawater flow field in the floating island during the operation of the present invention
In the figure, 1 is a floating island shell, 2 is a spiral tube heat exchanger, 3 is a fresh water tank, 4 is a fixed anchor, 5 is a filter screen, 6 is a one-way valve, 7 is an ejector, 8 is an aeration disc, 9 is a guide cylinder, 10 is a compressor support, 11 is an air suction valve, 12 is a compressor, 13 is an exhaust valve, 14 is a speed change gear box, 15 is a fan, 16 is a silk screen foam remover, and 17 is a fresh water pump.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific examples, which are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the system comprises a floating island shell 1, a spiral tube heat exchanger 2, a fresh water tank 3, a fixed anchor 4, a filter screen 5, a one-way valve 6, an ejector 7, an aeration disc 8, a guide cylinder 9, a compressor bracket 10, an air suction valve 11, a compressor 12, an exhaust valve 13, a speed change gear box 14, a fan 15, a wire mesh foam remover 16 and a fresh water pump 17.
The floating island shell 1 is of a semi-closed cone frustum-shaped structure with a sealed top surface and an open bottom surface, the floating island shell is made of a polyurethane foaming heat-insulating board with the thickness of 20cm, and in order to prevent seawater corrosion, an end plate of the heat-insulating board is made of a titanium board and a high-molecular anti-corrosion coating is sprayed on the surface of the heat-insulating board. The diameter of the upper end face of the floating island shell is 2m, the diameter of the lower end caliber is 7m, and the height is 9m; floating islandThe outer side wall of the shell is uniformly provided with 3 fixed anchors 4 for fixing the floating island shell; a wedge-shaped annular fresh water tank 3 is arranged at the bottom side wall position in the floating island shell; the effective water storage volume is about 7m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The side wall of the fresh water tank is provided with a gas-water mixture inlet, a gas outlet and a fresh water outlet; the top of the floating island shell is provided with an air outlet, and the silk screen foam remover 16 is arranged in front of the air outlet; the top surface platform outside the floating island shell is provided with a compressor bracket 10; the guide cylinder 9 is of a cylindrical structure made of titanium plates and is coaxially arranged at the middle position inside the floating island shell. The fan 15 is a horizontally-installed three-blade fan; the speed ratio of the speed change gear box 14 is 1:30; the fan shaft is connected with the low-speed shaft of the speed change gear box, and the high-speed output shaft of the speed change gear box is connected with the compressor 12; the LC43 type Roots compressor is adopted as the compressor, and the rated extraction quantity is 4.3m 3 S; the fan, the speed change gear box and the compressor are all arranged on the compressor bracket; the air suction port of the compressor is connected with the air outlet hole at the top of the floating island shell, and an air suction valve 11 is arranged on the connecting pipeline; the exhaust port of the compressor is connected with the inlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger 2, and the exhaust valve 13 is arranged on a connecting pipeline; the heat exchange tube of the spiral tube heat exchanger is made of titanium heat exchange tubes with built-in fins; the outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger is connected with the air-water mixture inlet of the fresh water tank; the gas outlet of the fresh water tank is connected with the jet orifice of the ejector 7, the one-way valve 6 is arranged on the connecting pipeline, and the jet orifice of the ejector is communicated with the gas phase space at the top of the floating island shell; the outlet of the ejector is connected with the aeration disc 8; the aeration disc is arranged at the bottom port of the guide cylinder and is made of a sintered porous titanium alloy plate. The fresh water pump 17 is arranged at the user side and is connected with a fresh water outlet of the fresh water tank 3, and the fresh water pump adopts a self-priming pump.
The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:
under the drive of a fan 15, the compressor 12 runs at a high speed, the compressor compresses and heats the wet air in the floating island shell, the compressed wet air with the temperature of about 150 ℃ is subjected to heat dissipation and cooling through the spiral pipe heat exchanger 2, and fresh water begins to be separated out after the wet air reaches the dew point temperature; the sensible heat of air cooling and the latent heat of moisture condensation release heat to continuously heat the seawater in the floating island shell through the spiral pipe heat exchanger, and the temperature of the seawater is gradually increased. The steam-water mixture at the outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger enters the fresh water tank 3, after the steam-water separation effect, fresh water falls into the fresh water tank, high-pressure air enters the ejector 7 through the one-way valve 6, high-speed air is introduced into the air at the top of the floating island shell through the Venturi effect, the air at the outlet of the ejector is introduced into the sea water through the aeration disc 8, the air is guided by the guide cylinder 9 in the sea water rising process, and due to the fact that the gas phase content inside and outside the guide cylinder is different (the gas phase content inside the guide cylinder is high, the gas phase content outside the guide cylinder is low), the sea water forms a three-dimensional annular flow as shown in fig. 3 under the effect of the density difference of the sea water inside and outside the guide cylinder, and the circulating sea water continuously washes the outer wall surface of the spiral tube heat exchanger, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the spiral tube heat exchanger is improved. In the process that the air bubbles float in the seawater, as the water vapor partial pressure of the seawater is far greater than that of the wet air, a large amount of water molecules migrate into the bubbles on the 'gas-liquid' boundary layer of the bubbles, so that the wet air carried by the circulating air in the seawater is carried by the circulating air, and the wet air carried by the circulating air enters the compressor again and starts to circulate in the next period.
After the system stably operates, the seawater in the floating island shell has certain temperature gradient distribution up and down, the temperature of the seawater at the upper layer can reach 60-70 ℃, and the temperature of the seawater at the lower part of the floating island shell is 30-40 ℃; the relative humidity of circulating air overflowed from seawater reaches 100% through the injection circulation of the jet pump, and the carrying capacity of the LC43 type compressor under the rated working condition (980 rpm) is 1.44kg water/s; the dehumidified air was cooled to 35℃in a spiral tube heat exchanger to a humidity of 1.25kg/s, i.e. the system of this example produced a maximum of 4.5t fresh water per hour.
When the embodiment operates, the liquid level of the floating island shell is regulated by the amount of air reserves in the floating island shell, and when the liquid level is too low, the exhaust valve 13 of the compressor outlet is opened, so that the air amount in the floating island shell is reduced; when the liquid level is too high, the suction valve 11 of the air inlet of the compressor is opened, and the air quantity in the floating island shell is increased.
In the embodiment, the coupling type wind power system is adopted as the driving energy of the sea water desalination system, and compared with a separation type wind power system, the sea water desalination system does not need expensive power generation equipment, the system directly converts wind energy into mechanical energy required by the operation of a compressor, the energy conversion efficiency is high, and the initial equipment investment is small; the sea water desalination is realized by adopting the compressed air high-temperature humidity carrying technical principle, and the system energy utilization is reasonable and efficient. In addition, the embodiment also has the characteristics of mild operation conditions, difficult scaling of equipment, small maintenance amount and the like, and is particularly suitable for small-scale sea water desalination demand occasions such as standing-protection islands, coastal areas and the like.
Although the invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are given by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation, and many variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A floating island type coupled wind power sea water desalination system, comprising: the device comprises a floating island shell, a wind power driving system, a gas compression system, a heat exchange system, a gas circulation system and a fresh water collection system; the wind power driving system comprises a fan and a speed change gear box; the gas compression system comprises a suction valve, a compressor and a discharge valve; the heat exchange system comprises a heat exchanger; the gas circulation system comprises a one-way valve, an ejector, an aeration disc and a guide cylinder; the fresh water collection system comprises a fresh water tank and a fresh water pump; the wind power driving system is used for driving the gas compression system to compress and heat wet air, the compressed wet air is subjected to heat exchange by the heat exchange system to condensate fresh water and enter the fresh water collecting system, and the residual gas is circulated by the gas circulation system; the floating island shell is of a semi-closed truncated cone structure with a sealed top surface and an open bottom surface, and a fixing anchor for fixing the floating island shell is arranged on the outer side wall of the floating island shell; a fresh water tank is arranged at the bottom side wall position in the floating island shell; the outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the air-water mixture inlet of the fresh water tank; the gas outlet of the fresh water tank is connected with the jet orifice of the ejector, the one-way valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline, and the jet orifice of the ejector is communicated with the gas phase space at the top of the floating island shell; the outlet of the ejector is connected with the aeration disc; the aeration disc is arranged at the bottom port of the guide cylinder; and a fresh water outlet of the fresh water tank is connected with the fresh water pump.
2. The floating island type coupled wind power sea water desalination system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the side wall of the fresh water tank is provided with a gas-water mixture inlet, a gas outlet and a fresh water outlet; the top of the floating island shell is provided with an air outlet, and a silk screen foam remover is arranged in front of the air outlet; the top surface platform of the floating island shell is provided with a compressor bracket; the guide cylinder is coaxially arranged at the middle position inside the floating island shell.
3. The floating island type coupled wind power sea water desalination system of claim 1 wherein a fan shaft is connected with a low speed shaft of the speed change gearbox; the high-speed output shaft of the speed change gear box is connected with the compressor; the fan, the speed change gear box and the compressor are all arranged on the compressor bracket.
4. The floating island type coupled wind power sea water desalting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top of the floating island shell is provided with an air outlet hole, the bottom is provided with a filter screen, the air suction port of the compressor is connected with the air outlet hole at the top of the floating island shell, and an air suction valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline; the exhaust port of the compressor is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger, and the exhaust valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline.
5. The floating island type coupled wind power sea water desalination system of claim 1 wherein the fresh water tank is wedge-shaped ring-shaped.
6. The floating island type coupled wind power sea water desalination system of claim 1 wherein the fan is a two-leaf, three-leaf or multi-leaf fan mounted horizontally.
7. The floating island type coupled wind power sea water desalination system of claim 1 wherein the compressor is a roots, screw or centrifugal compressor.
8. The floating island type coupled wind power sea water desalting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger is a spiral pipe heat exchanger, and the heat exchange pipe is an inner fin type heat exchange pipe.
CN201811479194.2A 2018-12-05 2018-12-05 Floating island type coupled wind power sea water desalination system Active CN109368726B (en)

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CN110182865A (en) * 2019-06-24 2019-08-30 温州大学激光与光电智能制造研究院 The multi-source feeding mechanism of Portable type sea water desalination device under emergency environmental

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CN101092252A (en) * 2007-07-04 2007-12-26 王俊坤 New type equipment and method for sea water desalination
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CN105152252A (en) * 2015-08-27 2015-12-16 海宁微动光能科技有限公司 Zero-consumption seawater desalination facility based on comprehensive utilization of solar energy
CN106966453A (en) * 2017-05-11 2017-07-21 武汉大学 The sea water desalinating unit and system of wind light mutual complementing coupling
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20060113125A (en) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-02 서은주 A system for desalination by producing gas-hydrate or clathrate and method thereof
CN101092252A (en) * 2007-07-04 2007-12-26 王俊坤 New type equipment and method for sea water desalination
RU2380320C1 (en) * 2008-11-17 2010-01-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Дальневосточный государственный технический университет (ДВПИ им. В.В. Куйбышева) Desalination installation
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CN106966453A (en) * 2017-05-11 2017-07-21 武汉大学 The sea water desalinating unit and system of wind light mutual complementing coupling
CN209835685U (en) * 2018-12-05 2019-12-24 天津乐科节能科技有限公司 Floating island type coupling wind power seawater desalination system

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