The desalination plant and system of wind light mutual complementing coupling
Technical field
The invention belongs to sea water desalinations and clean energy resource to utilize field, and in particular to one kind is complementary based on wind energy and solar energy
The desalination plant and system of coupling.
Background technique
The Pacific Ocean near China territory, coastline are up to more than 18000 kms, and administrative sea area is dispersed with nearly ten thousand island.By
The limitation of the factors such as natural, weather and traffic, causes the utilization rate on these islands very low.Among these, island area is small,
Evaporation capacity is low, most of to live and develop because lacking fresh water.The island of Part Development can only also be drawn by continent pipeline
Water, ship send the modes such as drinking-water to carry out fresh water supply.Making full use of sea water desalination to carry out fresh water supply is to solve these island fresh water
One of effective way of supply.
However, due to island apart from continent farther out, often and the insufficient area of electric power.Traditional sea water desalination such as reverse osmosis
Saturating technology and thermal method technology, need to consume a large amount of high-grade electric energy, can not realize and apply on isolated island.But these area tools
There are wind energy abundant and solar energy, carrying out sea water desalination using these clean energy resourcies can mention for China's development and utilization sea island resources
For basic resource guarantee.Currently, solar wind-energy desalination technology is mainly distilled using the fuel factor of solar energy
Desalination, or desalinated using the photoelectric effect power generation of solar energy, also or using wind energy driving wind turbine power generation desalinated.
However main problem existing for these technologies is inefficiency;Further, since itself of wind-force and solar energy intermittence and not
Stability causes these systems excessively huge, and cost of investment is high.
Aiming at the problem that inefficiency, patent CN204803032U discloses a kind of wind light mutual complementing economic benefits and social benefits low temperature pressure steam distillation
Desalination plant is produced electricl energy first with solar energy electrooptical effect and wind generating technology and is stored, then heating sea
Water and driving compressor carry out sea water desalination, are imitated using compressor primarily to being improved using Secondary-steam heating evaporation of seawater
Rate.However, this method in order to avoid wind energy and solar energy obtain it is unstable, using wind and solar energy-electric energy-thermal energy conversion side
Formula, the transfer efficiency of solar-electrical energy is generally lower than 20% among these, still limits the raising of its whole efficiency.In addition, specially
Sharp CN106145489A and CN104058473A etc. also disclose similar wind light mutual complementing desalination plant.In order to overcome the sun
Photovoltaic power generation, wind-power electricity generation and scene-electric-thermal of storage electric power storage energy can be all used with the fluctuation and intermittence of wind energy
Transition form.The mode of this complementation only utilizes solar energy and wind energy simple combination, and there is no the complementations for realizing " 1+1 > 2 "
Coupling effect.These systems extremely bulky complex, cost of investment is high, limits its popularization and application.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to carry out in order to solve the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of seawater of wind light mutual complementing coupling is light
Makeup is set and system, can adapt to the solar wind-energy variable load operation of fluctuation, and significantly improves new energy sea water desalination
Technical efficiency.
The present invention to achieve the goals above, uses following scheme.
<device>
The present invention provides a kind of desalination plant of wind light mutual complementing coupling characterized by comprising solar energy capillary is driven
Dynamic evaporator, comprising: shell is located at the intracorporal solar energy capillary evaporation core of shell and heat exchanger tube, and solar energy capillary evaporation core is set
It sets at the middle part of shell, heat exchanger tube is embedded in solar energy capillary evaporation core, and shell is divided into up and down by solar energy capillary evaporation core
Two cavitys, the cavity positioned at lower part introduces seawater to be evaporated by seawater water inlet line as seawater compensated chamber, and leads to
It crosses brine discharge tube road the strong brine after evaporation is discharged, superposed cavity is as vaporium for after collecting evaporation of seawater
The primary steam of formation;Compressor, compression end are connected by connecting rod with wind energy conversion system, and chamber of calming the anger passes through primary steam pipeline and steam
Room is connected, and introduces primary steam, exhaust outlet is connected by secondary steam pipeline with the inlet end of heat exchanger tube, by what is formed after compression
Secondary steam discharge;Fresh water collecting apparatus by means is connected by fresh water pipeline with the discharge outlet of heat exchanger tube, collects what secondary steam was condensed into
Fresh water, wherein solar energy capillary evaporation core includes porous material layer and the solar energy suction for being deposited on the porous material layer upper surface
Coating is received, heat exchanger tube is embedded in the surface layer of porous material layer.
The desalination plant of wind light mutual complementing coupling according to the present invention, can also have the following features: porous material
The thickness of the bed of material: thickness > 10 of solar energy absorbing coating3:1。
The desalination plant of wind light mutual complementing coupling according to the present invention, can also have the following features: porous material
The bed of material is made of hydrophily low thermal conductivity material.
The desalination plant of wind light mutual complementing coupling according to the present invention, can also have the following features: porous material
The bed of material with a thickness of 50mm or more.
The desalination plant of wind light mutual complementing coupling according to the present invention, can also have the following features: solar energy
Absorber coatings are made of any one material in carbon-based material, ferrous material, metal nano composite ceramic material.
The desalination plant of wind light mutual complementing coupling according to the present invention, can also have the following features: vaporium
Top be made of low heat conductive transparent material, the lower part of seawater compensated chamber is made of low thermally conductive seawater corrosion resistance material.
<system>
The present invention also provides a kind of seawater desalination systems of wind light mutual complementing coupling characterized by comprising sea water desalination dress
It sets, is the desalination plant of the coupling of wind light mutual complementing described in above-mentioned<device>;In wind energy conversion system, with desalination plant
Compressor compression end is connected;Pretreatment portion pre-processes seawater;Liquid storage tank stores pretreated seawater, passes through seawater
Water inlet line is connected with the seawater compensated chamber in desalination plant.
The action and effect of invention
The desalination plant and system of wind light mutual complementing coupling of the invention, creatively by solar energy evaporation and wind-force
It calms the anger and combines, solar focusing is generated into high temperature on surface layer using the solar energy absorbing coating in solar energy capillary evaporation core,
Simultaneously using porous material layer REFRIGERATION SYSTEM DRIVEN BY CAPILLARY FORCE act on, by seawater automatically from outside be drawn into eminence enter porous material surface layer into
Row evaporation generates primary steam;Then the primary steam generated in solar still is compressed using wind-force, makes its liter
Temperature rise swaging enters the heat exchanger tube in evaporator at secondary steam, then by secondary steam pressure, and heating seawater generates steam again, then
It is compressed into compressor.So circulation realizes that the coupling of wind energy and solar energy utilizes, repeatedly utilizes, can show to a solar energy
Write the water yield for improving desalination with Solar Energy.It can be run without additional electric energy and mechanical energy input, and can be certainly
The wind and solar energy operation of interval fluctuation is adapted to, solar energy and wind energy area application abundant can be waited near the coastline of island.
Also, due to using special solar energy capillary evaporation core, the adaptive difference of evaporating surface pore meniscus energy is too
Energy input under positive energy irradiation intensity, it is lasting to evaporate.The structure of compressor is directly driven using wind energy conversion system, it can be in different wind-force
It calms the anger under intensity.
The energy transition form of desalination plant and system of the invention uses direct light- heat transfer or wind
The conversion of energy-mechanical energy-thermal energy, the wind/light energy-electric energy-thermal energy coupled with other scene is entirely different, on the basis improved efficiency
The complexity of upper reduction system, it is simple and effective, reduce cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the seawater desalination system of wind light mutual complementing coupling of the present invention.
In above-mentioned figure, each part numbers are as follows:
10. wind light mutual complementing coupling seawater desalination system: 20. desalination plants, 30. wind energy conversion systems, 40. pretreatment portions,
50. liquid storage tank;
21. solar energy REFRIGERATION SYSTEM DRIVEN BY CAPILLARY FORCE evaporator: 211. shells, 211a. seawater compensated chamber, 211b. vaporium, 212. sun
Can capillary evaporation core, 212a. porous material layer, 212b. solar energy absorbing coating, 213. heat exchanger tubes, 214. seawater water inlet lines,
215. brine discharge tube roads;
22. compressor: 221. compression ends, 222. primary steam pipelines, 223. secondary steam pipelines;
23. fresh water collecting apparatus by means: 231. fresh water pipelines.
Specific embodiment
The desalination plant to wind light mutual complementing according to the present invention coupling and system are made detailed referring to the drawings
It illustrates.
<embodiment>
As shown in Figure 1, the seawater desalination system 10 of wind light mutual complementing coupling include desalination plant 20, it is wind energy conversion system 30, pre-
Processing unit 40 and liquid storage tank 50.
Desalination plant 20 includes solar energy REFRIGERATION SYSTEM DRIVEN BY CAPILLARY FORCE evaporator 21, compressor 22, fresh water collecting apparatus by means 23.
Solar energy REFRIGERATION SYSTEM DRIVEN BY CAPILLARY FORCE evaporator 21 includes shell 211, solar energy capillary evaporation core 212 and heat exchanger tube 213.This
In embodiment, shell 211, solar energy capillary evaporation core 212 and heat exchanger tube 213 are ring structure.
The middle part of shell 211 is arranged in solar energy capillary evaporation core 212, and shell 211 is divided to for upper and lower two cavitys, is located at
The cavity of lower part introduces seawater to be evaporated by seawater water inlet line 214 as seawater compensated chamber 211a, and passes through salt water
Strong brine after evaporation is expelled in deep-well by discharge line 215, and superposed cavity is as vaporium 211b for collecting
The primary steam formed after evaporation of seawater.The lower part of seawater compensated chamber 211a is made of low thermally conductive seawater corrosion resistance material, can
Select POM plastic.The top of vaporium 211b is made of low heat conductive transparent material, and organic glass may be selected.
In the present embodiment, solar energy capillary evaporation core 212 includes porous material layer 212a and is deposited on the porous material layer
The solar energy absorbing coating 212b of the upper surface 212a.
Porous material layer 212a is made of hydrophily low thermal conductivity material, for example, using diatomite material, hole
For rate 60%, 1.5 microns of mean pore size, thermal coefficient is lower than 1W/ (mK), and can use extensive building brick
Sintering method preparation;In view of porous material layer 212a need to have certain bearing capacity and insulating power, thickness is preferably
50mm or more.
Solar energy absorbing coating 212b can use carbon-based material, ferrous material, metal nano composite ceramic material
Etc. being made.In the present embodiment, high-selenium corn nanocomposite disclosed in preferably patent ZL201310189629.0, absorptivity
0.9 or more, there is good thermal stability.And industrialized gas phase deposition technology can be used to prepare.
More heat exchanger tubes 213 are embedded in the surface layer of porous material layer 212a side by side.Utilize the solar energy of porous material surface
Solar focusing is generated high temperature on surface layer by absorber coatings 212b, while being acted on using the REFRIGERATION SYSTEM DRIVEN BY CAPILLARY FORCE of porous material, by seawater
Automatically eminence being drawn into from liquid storage tank 50 and entering the surface layer of porous material layer 212a be evaporated generation primary steam.
The compression end 221 (piston) of compressor 22 is connected by connecting rod with wind energy conversion system 30, and internal chamber of calming the anger passes through primary
Jet chimney 222 is connected with vaporium 211b, introduces primary steam, and exhaust outlet passes through secondary steam pipeline 223 and heat exchanger tube 213
Inlet end be connected, the secondary steam formed after compression is drained into heat exchanger tube 213.In the present embodiment, compressor 22 is using centrifugation
Formula vapour compression machine, compression ratio 2 guarantee that the steam for entering heat exchanger tube 213 can heating seawater.
Fresh water collecting apparatus by means 23 is connected by fresh water pipeline 231 with the discharge outlet of heat exchanger tube 213, after collecting secondary steam heat exchange
The fresh water being condensed into.
Wind energy conversion system 30 is connected with the compression end 221 of compressor 22.
Pretreatment portion 40 is for pre-processing seawater, in the present embodiment, pretreatment portion 40 using sandy soil to seawater into
Row infiltration and filtration treatment.
Liquid storage tank 50 stores pretreated seawater, is connected by seawater water inlet line 214 with seawater compensated chamber 211a.
In the seawater desalination system 10 that the wind light mutual complementing of the present embodiment couples, when carrying out sea water desalination, use first
Compressor 22 contacts full of entire seawater compensated chamber 211a and with porous material layer 212a seawater;The hair of porous material layer 212a
Spy firmly makes seawater liquid level rise to its upper surface;Meanwhile solar energy absorbing coating 212b absorbs solar temperature rising heated surface layer
Seawater makes its evaporation, forms primary steam, and enter vaporium 211b;Then, compressor 22 is by primary steam from primary steam
222 inspiration of pipeline calm the anger chamber carry out increasing temperature and pressure formed secondary steam;Then, secondary steam by secondary steam pipeline 223 into
Entering 213 heating seawater of heat exchanger tube makes its evaporation, while solar energy heating being cooperated to improve evaporation capacity, realizes the coupling of solar energy and wind energy
It closes;Fresh water, which is condensed into, after the release of secondary steam heat enters fresh water collecting apparatus by means 23 by fresh water pipeline 231.
As above, the energy input of the seawater desalination system 10 and desalination plant 20 of the wind light mutual complementing coupling of the present embodiment
From solar energy and wind energy, solar energy directly evaporates seawater for directly heating 212 surface of solar energy capillary evaporation core, can be real
Existing 70% or more photothermal conversion efficiency;The working medium of compressor 22 be solar energy heating seawater formed steam, power resources in
Wind energy.Wind drive wind energy conversion system 30 rotates, and wind energy conversion system 30 drives 22 compressed steam of compressor by connecting rod, makes its increasing temperature and pressure,
Wind energy is converted to the thermal energy of energy steam, efficiency is up to 40% or more.High-grade secondary steam enters heat exchanger tube 213, heating
Evaporation of seawater is converted to steam latent heat and seawater sensible heat.Special Coupling mode is obtained by wind energy and solar energy, i.e., is mentioned using wind energy
The energy grade for the steam that high solar generates realizes the multiple utilization of a solar energy by it again using evaporation seawater, can
To greatly improve the water yield of evaporator, the low technical bottleneck of the technology water yield of traditional solar seawater desalination is really solved.
Above scheme is advantageous in that relative to other scene coupling seawater desalination systems:
(1) coupling for really realizing wind energy and solar energy, improves whole water yield.It is mentioned using wind energy conversion system driving pressure machine
The temperature and pressure of high primary steam forms secondary steam;It enters back into evaporation core heating seawater evaporation and generates steam, realize wind energy
Coupling with solar energy utilizes, and improves 10 times of water generation ratio or more.
(2) solar energy and wind energy of fluctuation interval, self-adapting operation are adapted to.And it can be automatic by seawater using capillary force
It is drawn into evaporation cavity, is not necessarily to external inputing power and mechanical work.Meanwhile when solar energy and wind energy fluctuate, device is still
It can operate normally and produce water.
Above embodiments are only the illustration done to technical solution of the present invention.Wind light mutual complementing according to the present invention
The desalination plant and system of coupling are not merely defined in described structure in the embodiment above, but with right
It is required that subject to limited range.Any modification that those skilled in the art of the invention are made on the basis of the embodiment or
Supplement or equivalence replacement, all in scope of the present invention.