CN103771552B - Low-temperature solar sea water desalination device and sea water desalination method - Google Patents
Low-temperature solar sea water desalination device and sea water desalination method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103771552B CN103771552B CN201410049290.9A CN201410049290A CN103771552B CN 103771552 B CN103771552 B CN 103771552B CN 201410049290 A CN201410049290 A CN 201410049290A CN 103771552 B CN103771552 B CN 103771552B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature solar sea water desalination device and a sea water desalination method. The low-temperature solar sea water desalination device comprises a heat collection evaporator, an automatic tracking CPC (Compound Parabolic Concentrator) and a condenser, wherein the heat collection evaporator is arranged on a focal spot of the automatic tracking CPC; the condenser comprises a sea water storage tank and a condensation pipe which is arranged in the sea water storage tank; the condensation pipe comprises at least two cylinders which are vertically arranged; the cylinders are cut-through by virtue of a transverse cylinder to form a closed system of which the head and tail are connected; the upper and lower ends of the cylinders which are vertically arranged are closed; a fresh water outlet is formed in the lower end of the cylinder, and an air inlet pipe II and an air outlet pipe II are arranged at the upper end of the cylinder; the air inlet pipe II is connected with an air outlet pipe I of the heat collection evaporator; the air outlet pipe II is connected with an air inlet pipe I of the heat collection evaporator; and a sea water outlet of the sea water storage tank is connected with a sea water feeding pipe of the heat collection evaporator. According to the device, the heat collector and the evaporator are coupled together through the heat collection evaporator, the system is simple, the operating temperature is controlled to be 70 DEG C or below, the device is rapidly started, and the heat collection evaporator is low in heat loss, high in efficiency and difficult to scale.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of low-temperature solar energy sea water desalinating plant, particularly a kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus based on air humidification dehumidification method and method for desalting seawater.
Background technology
The solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of present air humidification dehumidification method generally comprises solar energy air heat collector, vaporizer and condenser.General air collector adopts common valve tube or flat plate collector, condenser adopts coil tube type, the blower fan and the cooling-water pump that consume conventional energy resources is all needed in the process of seawater charging, sea water desaltination, air does not recycle in systems in which, partial heat energy scatters and disappears in the environment, device is more complicated, and fresh water manufacturing cost is higher, is difficult to realize commercialization.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides a kind of low-temperature solar energy sea water desalinating plant and method for desalting seawater.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of low-temperature solar energy sea water desalinating plant, comprises thermal-arrest vaporizer, from motion tracking CPC and condenser; Described thermal-arrest vaporizer is arranged on the focal spot of motion tracking CPC, and described condenser comprises seawater storage tank and is arranged at the prolong in seawater storage tank; Described prolong comprises at least two cylinders vertically placed, and through by horizontal cylinder between cylinder, form an end to end closed system, the cylinder upper and lower ends of described vertical placement is closed, and lower end arranges water outlet, upper end is provided with inlet pipe II and escape pipe II; Described inlet pipe II is connected by circulation line with the escape pipe I of thermal-arrest vaporizer, and described escape pipe II is connected by fan inleting pipe, blower fan and blower fan escape pipe successively with the inlet pipe I of thermal-arrest vaporizer; The seawer outlet of described seawater storage tank is connected by siphon pipe with the seawater feed-pipe of the thermal-arrest vaporizer be arranged at below seawater.
Described comprises CPC condensor, orientation autotracking unit, base, photoelectric subassembly, pillar stiffener, pitching autotracking unit from motion tracking CPC, described base is connected with CPC condensor by pillar stiffener, the both sides of described CPC condensor are provided with photoelectric subassembly, and base is provided with orientation autotracking unit, be connected with pitching autotracking unit supporting between CPC condensor.
Described thermal-arrest vaporizer is a kind of bigbore evacuated solar collecting tube, comprises rubber plug, escape pipe I, inlet pipe I and seawater feed-pipe; Described rubber plug is located on the mouth of pipe of thermal-arrest vaporizer, and inlet pipe I, escape pipe I and seawater feed-pipe are all through rubber plug.
In use, inlet pipe I and the seawater feed-pipe of described thermal-arrest vaporizer are all located at below seawater liquid level, the escape pipe I of thermal-arrest vaporizer, more than seawater liquid level, is provided with a scum dredger between seawater liquid level and escape pipe I, and described scum dredger is a disk having some apertures above; Between seawater liquid level and escape pipe I, wet air only can be made to pass through, inhibition is risen to drop, drop can be stoped to enter people's condenser by escape pipe I and pollute fresh water.Inlet pipe has several little qi-emitting holes, dry air can be made fully to contact with seawater, easily form saturated moist air.
Described condenser comprises prolong and seawater storage tank, and be provided with prolong in described seawater storage tank, described prolong is provided with water outlet, and described seawater storage tank is provided with seawer outlet.
Described seawater storage tank is a uncovered cylindrical vessel, adds seawater in it, and seawater is connected with seawater feed-pipe from seawer outlet by siphon pipe, flows in thermal-arrest vaporizer by potential difference.
Described prolong comprises four large cylinders vertically placed and three little cylinders laterally placed, and three little cylinders are mutually through with four large cylinders respectively, forms an end to end closed system; Four described large cylinder upper and lower ends are closed, and symmetrical mutually in seawater storage tank, and four described large cylinder lower ends all arrange water outlet; Head and the tail two large cylinder upper ends arrange inlet pipe II, escape pipe II respectively.
Large cylinder described in the present invention and little cylinder refer to two unequal cylinders of diameter, and what diameter was large is large cylinder, and what diameter was little is little cylinder.
The place that the interior path for wet air flowing of prolong and water of condensation are kept in, wet air does baffling flowing in the cylinder be crisscross arranged, and the condensed water level condensed, bottom four large cylinders, does not affect the flowing of wet air, air flow resistance is less, and convective heat-transfer coefficient is larger.The condenser of this structure arranges compact, takes up room less, and the uncovered seawater of being convenient to of seawater storage tank feeds in raw material and condenser heat radiation.
Described from the English full name of motion tracking CPC is: compound parabolic concentrator, Chinese is: compound parabolic concentrator.
The desalination method of described low-temperature solar energy sea water desalinating plant is as follows:
1. in the seawater storage tank of condenser, add seawater, seawater, by siphon pipe and seawater feed-pipe, flows in thermal-arrest vaporizer by potential difference; And under siphonal effect, seawater storage tank and thermal-arrest vaporizer have identical liquid level, and seawater constantly absorbs the heat energy transformed by the sun in thermal-arrest vaporizer, become the liquid that temperature is higher;
2, low temperature and low humidity air in condenser is sent in thermal-arrest vaporizer by blower fan, low temperature and low humidity air is fully contacted with seawater by the qi-emitting hole in inlet pipe, after heat absorption moisture absorption, overflow from water, become hot and humid air, then be back in condenser by escape pipe, the abundant heat exchange of seawater in these air and seawater storage tank, desuperheat dehumidification, becomes again low temperature and low humidity air, these air are sent back in thermal-arrest vaporizer by blower fan again, air reciprocation cycle in systems in which like this, moisture absorption of constantly absorbing heat in thermal-arrest vaporizer, desuperheat dehumidification from condenser again.
3. the water of condensation condensed in condenser is released from water outlet, obtains fresh water.Correspondingly, the seawater in thermal-arrest vaporizer thickens gradually, becomes strong brine, can pour out discharge off and on from its mouth of pipe.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
Heat collector and vaporizer are linked together by siphon pipe, circulation tube by the thermal-arrest vaporizer of this device, and system is relatively simple, and service temperature controls below 70 DEG C, and device starts fast, and thermal-arrest vaporizer heat waste is little, and efficiency is high, less scaling.The structure of condenser uniqueness, is easy to gas-water separation, and heat-transfer effect is better, and its seawater storage tank is open container, and be convenient to seawater and feed in raw material and condenser heat radiation, without the need to cooling-water pump, autotracking unit and blower fan provide electric power by photoelectric subassembly, without the need to alternating-current.This plant running only uses sun power, and do not use other conventional energy resources any and water source, fresh water manufacturing cost is very low, is easy to realize commercialization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of the solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of patent of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the side-view of the solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of patent of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the front view of the thermal-arrest vaporizer of patent of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the front view of the condenser of patent of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the vertical view of the condenser of patent of the present invention.
In figure, 1, thermal-arrest vaporizer; 2, CPC condensor; 3, orientation autotracking unit; 4, base; 5, photoelectric subassembly; 6, pillar stiffener; 7, pitching autotracking unit; 8 from motion tracking CPC; 9, condenser; 10, siphon pipe; 11, blower fan escape pipe; 12, DC fan; 13, fan inleting pipe; 14, air circulation duct; 1a, rubber plug; 1b, escape pipe; 1c, scum dredger; 1d, inlet pipe; 1e, qi-emitting hole; 1f, seawater feed-pipe; 9a, escape pipe; 9b, prolong; 9c, water outlet; 9d, seawer outlet; 9e, seawater storage tank; 9f, inlet pipe; 9g, large cylinder; 9h, little cylinder.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention is further illustrated.
See Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 5, embodiments provide a kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, described device comprises thermal-arrest vaporizer 1, from motion tracking CPC 8, condenser 9, DC fan 12 and circulation line 14.Described thermal-arrest vaporizer 1 is arranged on the focal spot of motion tracking CPC 8, and the escape pipe 1b of described thermal-arrest vaporizer 1 is connected by circulation line 14 with the inlet pipe 9f of condenser 9; The inlet pipe 1d of described thermal-arrest vaporizer 1 is connected by fan inleting pipe 13, DC fan 12 and blower fan escape pipe 11 with the escape pipe 9a of condenser 9; The seawater feed-pipe 1f of described thermal-arrest vaporizer 1 is connected by siphon pipe 10 with the seawer outlet 9d of condenser 9.
CPC condensor 2, orientation autotracking unit 3, base 4, photoelectric subassembly 5, pillar stiffener 6, pitching autotracking unit 7 is comprised from motion tracking CPC 8.Described base 4 is connected with CPC condensor 2 by pillar stiffener, and the both sides of described CPC condensor 2 are provided with photoelectric subassembly 5, and base 4 is provided with orientation autotracking unit 3, are connected with pitching autotracking unit 7 supporting between 6 and CPC condensor 2.Thermal-arrest vaporizer 1 is fixed on the focal spot of motion tracking CPC 8, and orientation autotracking unit 3 and pitching autotracking unit 7 can, from the motion tracking sun, make thermal-arrest vaporizer 1 can obtain sufficient sun power.The powered by direct current that orientation autotracking unit 3, pitching autotracking unit 7 and DC fan 12 produce by photoelectric subassembly 5.
See Fig. 3, described thermal-arrest vaporizer 1 is a kind of bigbore evacuated solar collecting tube, has thermal-arrest and air humidification two kinds of functions, comprises soft rubber ball 1a, escape pipe 1b, scum dredger 1c, inlet pipe 1d, seawater feed-pipe 1f; Wherein, rubber plug 1a fills on the mouth of pipe of thermal-arrest vaporizer 1, and inlet pipe 1d, escape pipe 1b and seawater feed-pipe 1f are through rubber plug 1a.Inlet pipe 1d and seawater feed-pipe 1f is all below seawater liquid level, escape pipe 1b is more than liquid level, scum dredger 1c is a disk having some apertures above, between liquid level and escape pipe 1b, wet air only can be made to pass through, inhibition is risen to drop, stops drop to enter people's condenser 9 by escape pipe 1b and pollute fresh water.Inlet pipe 1d has several little qi-emitting hole 1e, dry air can be made fully to contact with seawater, form saturated moist air.
See Fig. 4, Fig. 5, described condenser 9 comprises escape pipe 9a, prolong 9b, water outlet 9c, seawer outlet 9d, seawater storage tank 9e, inlet pipe 9f.Described seawater storage tank 9e is a uncovered cylindrical vessel, a built-in prolong 9b, and prolong 9b all soaks in the seawater, to cool wet air wherein.The little cylinder 9h that described prolong 9b is staggeredly placed by large cylinder 9g and three transverse direction that four are vertically placed forms, four large cylinder 9g upper and lower ends are closed, and in seawater storage tank centrosymmetry, three little cylinder 9h are mutually through with four large cylinder 9g respectively, form an end to end closed system.Four large cylinder 9g lower ends all arrange water outlet 9c.Head and the tail two large cylinder 9g upper ends arrange air intake duct 9f and escape pipe 9a respectively, be the path of wet air flowing and water of condensation working area in prolong 9b, wet air does baffling flowing in the cylinder be crisscross arranged, the condensed water level condensed is bottom four large cylinder 9g, do not affect the flowing of wet air, air flow resistance is less, and convective heat-transfer coefficient is larger.The condenser 9 of this structure arranges compact, takes up room less, and seawater storage tank 9e is uncovered to be convenient to the reinforced and condenser 9 of seawater and to dispel the heat.
The concrete practical way of the solar energy sea water desalination apparatus that the embodiment of the present invention provides is as follows:
First in the seawater storage tank 9e of condenser 9, seawater is added, seawater is by siphon pipe 10 and seawater feed-pipe 1f, by potential difference, flow in thermal-arrest vaporizer 1, due to syphonic effect, seawater storage tank 9e and thermal-arrest vaporizer 1 have identical liquid level, and seawater constantly absorbs the heat energy transformed by the sun in thermal-arrest vaporizer 1, become the liquid that temperature is higher.At this moment, start DC fan 12, blower fan 12 is just sent into the low temperature and low humidity air in the prolong 9b of condenser 9 in thermal-arrest vaporizer 1, these air are fully contacted with seawater by the qi-emitting hole 1e on inlet pipe 1d, after heat absorption humidification, overflow from water, become hot and humid air, then enter in prolong 9b by escape pipe 1b, at this moment the abundant heat exchange of seawater in the wet air in prolong 9b and seawater storage tank 9e, desuperheat dehumidification, become again low temperature and low humidity air, these air are sent back in thermal-arrest vaporizer 1 by blower fan 12 again, air reciprocation cycle in systems in which like this, constantly heat absorption humidification in thermal-arrest vaporizer 1, desuperheat dehumidification from condenser 9 again.And the water of condensation condensed in prolong 9b, release from water outlet 9c, obtain fresh water.Correspondingly, the seawater in thermal-arrest vaporizer 1 thickens gradually, becomes strong brine, can pour out discharge off and on from its mouth of pipe.
Claims (9)
1. a low-temperature solar energy sea water desalinating plant, comprises thermal-arrest vaporizer, from motion tracking CPC and condenser; Described thermal-arrest vaporizer is arranged on the focal spot of motion tracking CPC, it is characterized in that: described condenser comprises seawater storage tank and is arranged at the prolong in seawater storage tank; Described prolong comprises at least two cylinders vertically placed, and through by horizontal cylinder between cylinder, form an end to end closed system, the cylinder upper and lower ends of described vertical placement is closed, and lower end arranges water outlet, upper end is provided with inlet pipe II and escape pipe II; Described inlet pipe II is connected by circulation line with the escape pipe I of thermal-arrest vaporizer, and described escape pipe II is connected by fan inleting pipe, blower fan and blower fan escape pipe successively with the inlet pipe I of thermal-arrest vaporizer; The seawer outlet of described seawater storage tank is connected by siphon pipe with the seawater feed-pipe of the thermal-arrest vaporizer be arranged at below seawater.
2. low-temperature solar energy sea water desalinating plant as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described comprises CPC condensor, orientation autotracking unit, base, photoelectric subassembly, pillar stiffener and pitching autotracking unit from motion tracking CPC, described base is connected with CPC condensor by pillar stiffener, the both sides of described CPC condensor are provided with photoelectric subassembly, and base is provided with orientation autotracking unit, between pillar stiffener and CPC condensor, be connected with pitching autotracking unit.
3. low-temperature solar energy sea water desalinating plant as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described thermal-arrest vaporizer is a kind of bigbore evacuated solar collecting tube, and it comprises rubber plug, escape pipe I, inlet pipe I and seawater feed-pipe; Described rubber plug is located on the mouth of pipe of thermal-arrest vaporizer, and at inlet pipe I, escape pipe I and seawater feed-pipe all through rubber plug.
4. low-temperature solar energy sea water desalinating plant as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: in use, described inlet pipe I and seawater feed-pipe are all located at below seawater liquid level, escape pipe I is more than seawater liquid level, between seawater liquid level and escape pipe I, be provided with a scum dredger, described scum dredger is a disk having some apertures above; Between seawater liquid level and escape pipe.
5. low-temperature solar energy sea water desalinating plant as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described seawater storage tank is a uncovered cylindrical vessel, adds seawater in it, and seawater, by siphon pipe and seawater feed-pipe, flows in thermal-arrest vaporizer by potential difference.
6. low-temperature solar energy sea water desalinating plant as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described prolong comprises four large cylinders vertically placed and three little cylinders laterally placed, three little cylinders are mutually through with four large cylinders respectively, form an end to end closed system; Four described large cylinder upper and lower ends are closed, and symmetrical mutually in seawater storage tank, and four described large cylinder lower ends all arrange water outlet; Head and the tail two large cylinder upper ends arrange inlet pipe II, escape pipe II respectively.
7. low-temperature solar energy sea water desalinating plant as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: the powered by direct current that described orientation autotracking unit, pitching autotracking unit and blower fan produce by photoelectric subassembly.
8. low-temperature solar energy sea water desalinating plant as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the inlet pipe I of described thermal-arrest vaporizer has several and dry air can be made fully to contact with seawater, and forms the little qi-emitting hole of saturated moist air.
9. a method for desalting seawater for low-temperature solar energy sea water desalinating plant, is characterized in that, as follows:
Step 1. adds seawater in the seawater storage tank of condenser, and seawater, by siphon pipe and seawater feed-pipe, flows in thermal-arrest vaporizer by potential difference; And under siphonal effect, seawater storage tank and thermal-arrest vaporizer have identical liquid level, and seawater constantly absorbs the heat energy transformed by the sun in thermal-arrest vaporizer, become the liquid that temperature is higher;
Step 2: the low temperature and low humidity air in condenser is sent in thermal-arrest vaporizer by blower fan, low temperature and low humidity air is fully contacted with seawater by the qi-emitting hole on inlet pipe I, after heat absorption moisture absorption, overflow from water, become hot and humid air, then be back in condenser by escape pipe I, the abundant heat exchange of seawater in these air and seawater storage tank, desuperheat dehumidification, become again low temperature and low humidity air, these air are sent back in thermal-arrest vaporizer by blower fan again, air reciprocation cycle in systems in which like this, constantly to absorb heat in thermal-arrest vaporizer moisture absorption, desuperheat dehumidification from condenser again,
The water of condensation condensed in step 3 condenser is released from water outlet, obtains fresh water; Correspondingly, the seawater in thermal-arrest vaporizer thickens gradually, becomes strong brine, can pour out discharge off and on from its mouth of pipe.
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CN106995253B (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2019-06-11 | 东莞理工学院 | A kind of fresh water, salt and supply of cooling, heating and electrical powers equipment |
CN114590860B (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2023-06-20 | 江苏经贸职业技术学院 | Air circulation high-salt wastewater desalination treatment system |
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CN1110662C (en) * | 1998-10-19 | 2003-06-04 | 黄元卓 | Automatic sun-orienting reflective solar boiler |
CN1597540A (en) * | 2003-09-16 | 2005-03-23 | 程方 | Sea water desalination method using air saturation humidity difference |
US8252092B2 (en) * | 2009-10-05 | 2012-08-28 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Water separation under varied pressure |
CN101708872B (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2011-07-27 | 武汉科技大学 | Solar desalting device |
US20100314238A1 (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-12-16 | Sunlight Photonics Inc. | Hybrid solar desalination system |
CN101870503B (en) * | 2010-07-02 | 2012-07-25 | 上海交通大学 | Portable all-glass evacuated solar collector tube pressure-bearing seawater distilling desalinator |
CN102557170A (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2012-07-11 | 镇江新梦溪能源科技有限公司 | Fresh water condenser for seawater desalinization device |
CN203699957U (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2014-07-09 | 皇明太阳能股份有限公司 | Low-temperature solar energy sea water desalinization device |
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