CN109362623A - Fish black porgy net cage overwintering cultivation method - Google Patents
Fish black porgy net cage overwintering cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109362623A CN109362623A CN201811294809.4A CN201811294809A CN109362623A CN 109362623 A CN109362623 A CN 109362623A CN 201811294809 A CN201811294809 A CN 201811294809A CN 109362623 A CN109362623 A CN 109362623A
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- black porgy
- net cage
- asparagus
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- fish
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
- A01K61/65—Connecting or mooring devices therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides fish black porgy net cage overwintering cultivation method, belong to technical field of aquaculture, put black porgy in a suitable place to breed into the net cage for be placed in sea area, it tames and dociles and feeds the mixed feed containing asparagus fermentation material after eating successfully, asparagus fermentation material contains high F value oligopeptide and active agaropectin oligose, its asparagus fermentation material the preparation method comprises the following steps: by inoculum concentration be 10-12% to the dry algae powder of asparagus containing 4-5wt%, pH 7.0-8.0 solution in be inoculated with bacillus subtilis, add Sucrose acetoisobutyrate and hesperetin, fermentation, drying, sieving is to get asparagus fermentation material.Overwintering cultivation method of the present invention can make full use of aquifer cultivation area, enhance overwintering black porgy constitution, improve its anti-stress ability and immune oxidation resistance, improve survival rate, safe overwintering.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to fish black porgy net cage overwintering cultivation method.
Background technique
Fish belong to poikilotherm, more sensitive to the decline variation of water temperature, and body can experience the faint temperature difference.
For most fish, under conditions of prolonged cold environment, the behaviors and habits of fish will change.Big portion of China
Region-by-region is in temperate zone, sub- temperate zone environment, the generally existing winter issue of cultured fishes.By low temperature and starvation during fish overwinter
Double influence, fish body metabolic mechanism variation plays an important role during its Cold resistance.Long-term low temperature is to fish
Behavior, feeding activity, stress reaction etc. generate the survival rate for influencing significantly, and then influencing fish, fish are in Wintering Period
Survival condition is influenced by various factors, is more often the complicated synergistic effect of many factors.The fish overwinter phase survives
Rate is mainly by the leading of two kinds of factors of internal cause and external cause.The constituent element of internal cause is mainly from fish body itself constitution situation and fish body
The consumption degree of ergastic substances.For most of fish, in the time of the year when autumn changes into winter, with the continuous decline of water temperature, intensity of feeding meeting
It is substantially reduced.Overwintering period, water temperature are down to 4 DEG C hereinafter, fish basic metabolism is remarkably decreased, and stopping completely being ingested, and dependence is overwintering
If the energy of preceding storage maintains basic vital movement energy reserve insufficient, death threats will be faced.Influence fish safe overwintering
Another key factor be extraneous living environment.Main impact factor includes the decline of water body dissolved oxygen amount, temperature decrease, microorganism
Pathogen, helminth etc..In most of the northern region of China, freezeup period in winter, is up to 5 months as long as, in cultivating pool environment with
Air contact almost stops, and bottom of pond average temperature is at 3-4 DEG C, and surface layer water density is smaller, can not form convective motion, water body stream
It is dynamic slow.In the space near semi-hermetic, bottom of pond organic matter, content of microorganisms are high in addition, and oxygen demand is big, causes in water body
Dissolved oxygen amount reduce.The Physiology and biochemistry modulability variation that fish show under reply low temperature and long-term hungry environment, is one
Adaptation of the kind to living environment.The adaptation reaction for recognizing and understanding fish propagates management level, formulation science artificially to improving
Plan is fed, overwintering survive etc. of cultured fishes is improved and is capable of providing effective theories integration, furthermore also to wild population
The research of quantity and scale has important value.
Black porgy Su Cheng ?add Ji, happiness is dwelt in the shallow water along the coast of sand mud substrate or more rock reef bottoms, and inner bay benthic fishes, tool are belonged to
There are the merits such as relatively strong to ambient adaptability, omnivorousness, meat flavour are good, is the main seawater fish of Tu Chi and cage culture.It is black
Porgy belongs to warm warm eurysalinity benthic fishes, but slightly almost to the adaptability of water temperature, and 10-32 DEG C of growth temperature, optimum temperature 17-
Slow growth at 25 DEG C, 17 DEG C or less will appear death, proper salinity level 8-30, optimal salinity 25-28 at 5 DEG C of water temperature.
Otherwise dissolved oxygen can cause mortality, bring great economy to raiser in 6mg/L hereinafter, minimum cannot be below 3mg/L
Loss, seriously affects the economic benefit of black porgy cage culture.Therefore, suitable condition is selected to carry out fish black porgy net cage overwintering
Cultivation seems very necessary.
Summary of the invention
One of the objects of the present invention is to provide one kind can make full use of aquifer cultivation area, enhances overwintering black porgy body
Matter improves its anti-stress ability and immune oxidation resistance, improves survival rate, and the fish black porgy net cage of safe overwintering is overwintering to support
Grow method.
The technical solution that the present invention is taken to achieve the above object are as follows:
Fish black porgy net cage overwintering cultivation method, puts black porgy in a suitable place to breed into the net cage for be placed in sea area, tames and dociles and feeds after eating successfully
Mixed feed containing asparagus fermentation material, asparagus fermentation material contain high F value oligopeptide and active agaropectin oligose.
Preferably, asparagus fermentation material the preparation method comprises the following steps: being 10-12% to asparagus containing 4-5wt% by inoculum concentration
Dry algae powder, pH 7.0-8.0 solution in be inoculated with bacillus subtilis, add Sucrose acetoisobutyrate and hesperetin, send out
Ferment, drying are sieved to get asparagus fermentation material.Asparagus non-starch polysaccharide is as natural polysaccharide, and viscosity is high, dissolubility ratio
It is poor, it is limited in industry, and the degradable asparagus of fermentation process removes the anti-nutritional factors of asparagus, obtains high activity fine jade
Glue oligosaccharides and asparagus small-molecule active substance, are more convenient for being absorbed and utilized by black porgy, the sugar and amino of the small molecule that black porgy absorbs
Sour small peptide is largely used for the composition of fish body basis, while being conducive to the proliferation of probiotics in black porgy enteron aisle, improves black
The immune oxidation resistance of porgy, thus promote the growth of black porgy, it is saferly overwintering.In addition, Sucrose acetoisobutyrate and
Hesperetin there are the metabolism amount that a side can reduce alpha-glucosidase in bacillus subtilis, improve the metabolism of agarase
Amount avoids the carbohydrate inversion of asparagus at excessive phlorose monomer, improves active agar-agar in asparagus fermentation material
The content of oligosaccharides improves the bioactivity of asparagus fermentation material, improves the immune oxidation resistance of black porgy, get over saferly
Winter；The protein of macromolecular is decomposed by the microorganisms the polypeptide for small molecule after the fermentation of another aspect asparagus, and Sucrose Acetate is sour
The presence of sucrose ester and hesperetin, which to produce in tunning, high F value oligopeptide, enhances the appetite and body's immunity of black porgy.
Further preferably, the additive amount of Sucrose acetoisobutyrate and hesperetin is bacillus subtilis weight 0.03-
0.1 ‰ and 0.01-0.02 ‰.
Further preferably, fermentation temperature be 20-30 DEG C, revolving speed 120-180r/min, time 2-4d.
Preferably, mixed feed includes following ingredient and its parts by weight: 20-25 parts of fish meal, 34-40 parts of fermented bean dregs,
18-26 parts of cassiri, 15-25 parts of asparagus fermentation material, 2-3 parts of fish oil, 10-15 parts of vegetable oil, vitamin C 0.02-
0.2 part, 1-2 parts of composite mineral matter, 0.2-0.4 parts of manna oligosacchride, 0.02-0.08 parts of saccharicter-penin, 0.01-0.05 parts of curcumin.
The mixed feed scientific compatibility meets the demand of the overwintering cultivation growth of black porgy, enhances the appetite of black porgy, may advantageously facilitate black porgy
It ingests, enhances overwintering black porgy constitution, improve anti-stress ability and immune oxidation resistance, can improve it with safe overwintering and survive
Rate reaches ideal feeding effect, creates preferable social value and economic interests.
Preferably, net cage is 20-50 mesh, being placed in salinity is 20-30 ‰, pH value 7.8-8.6, dissolved oxygen >=5mg/L
Sea area.
Preferably, net cage is 3.0m × 4.0m × 4.0m opened type net cage, surrounding is fixed with timber, upper end wirerope
It tenses, is arranged side by side by downbeam downstream with multiple rows of, every row is separated by 3m, arranges interior net cage interval 1m, every 1hm2Net is arranged in the water surface
600, case.This net cage set-up mode can make full use of aquifer cultivation area, and the dissolved oxygen content in net cage is high, be conducive to black
The growth of porgy.
Preferably, the breeding density of black porgy is 11-13kg/ case.
Preferably, taming and dociling food method particularly includes: do not launch any bait after black porgy cartonning in 3d, be at hungry shape
State, 4d start to feed the mixed feed of black porgy weight 1.0-2.0%, tame and docile food 1-2d.
Preferably, feeding mode are as follows: fed every time by the 3-6% of black porgy weight, 10 DEG C of water temperature in winter < and rainy days
It does not feed, the fine day of water temperature >=10 DEG C, 13:30-15:30 is fed 1 time in the afternoon for selection.Let alone black porgy in the morning, it is allowed to rest,
Reduction activity and consumption energy, promote growth.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
1) present invention provides a kind of method for carrying out the overwintering cultivation of fish black porgy net cage in sea area, can make full use of water
Body cultured area substantially increases the overwintering cultivation survival rate of black porgy, improves the economic benefit of black porgy cultivation；2) cultivation side of the invention
Method mixed feed scientific compatibility meets the demand of the overwintering cultivation growth of black porgy, enhances the appetite of black porgy, may advantageously facilitate black
Porgy ingests, and enhances overwintering black porgy constitution, improves anti-stress ability and immune oxidation resistance, can with safe overwintering, improve its at
Motility rate reaches ideal feeding effect, creates preferable social value and economic interests；3) the compound feeding of cultural method of the present invention
The preparation method of asparagus fermentation material in material makes asparagus fermentation material contain high F value oligopeptide and active agaropectin oligose, can change
The appetite of kind enhancing black porgy, is conducive to the proliferation of probiotics in black porgy enteron aisle, improves the immune oxidation resistance of black porgy, more pacify
It is entirely overwintering.
Present invention employs above-mentioned technical proposals to provide fish black porgy net cage overwintering cultivation method, compensates for the prior art
Deficiency, reasonable design, easy operation.
Specific embodiment
In the following, being described further in conjunction with specific embodiments to embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Fish black porgy net cage overwintering cultivation method, puts black porgy in a suitable place to breed into the net cage for be placed in sea area, tames and dociles and feeds after eating successfully
Mixed feed containing asparagus fermentation material, asparagus fermentation material contain high F value oligopeptide and active agaropectin oligose.
Above-mentioned asparagus fermentation material the preparation method comprises the following steps: being 10% to the dry algae powder of asparagus containing 4wt%, pH by inoculum concentration
It is inoculated with bacillus subtilis in 7.0 solution, adds Sucrose acetoisobutyrate and hesperetin, is fermented, is dried, sieving, i.e.,
Obtain asparagus fermentation material.Asparagus non-starch polysaccharide is as natural polysaccharide, and viscosity is high, and dissolubility is poor, limit its
Industry, the degradable asparagus of fermentation process remove the anti-nutritional factors of asparagus, obtain high activity agaropectin oligose and asparagus is small
Molecular activity substance is more convenient for being absorbed and utilized by black porgy, the sugar and aminoacid small peptide for the small molecule that black porgy absorbs it is most of by with
In the composition of fish body basis, while being conducive to the proliferation of probiotics in black porgy enteron aisle, improve black porgy is immunized anti-oxidant energy
Power, thus promote the growth of black porgy, it is saferly overwintering.In addition, Sucrose acetoisobutyrate and hesperetin there are a sides
The metabolism amount that can reduce alpha-glucosidase in bacillus subtilis improves the metabolism amount of agarase, avoids the carbon of asparagus
Hydrate is hydrolyzed into excessive phlorose monomer, improves the content of active agaropectin oligose in asparagus fermentation material, improves dragon
The bioactivity of palpus dish fermentation material, improves the immune oxidation resistance of black porgy, saferly overwintering；Another aspect asparagus hair
The polypeptide that the protein of macromolecular is decomposed by the microorganisms as small molecule after ferment, and the presence of Sucrose acetoisobutyrate and hesperetin
So that producing in tunning has high F value oligopeptide, enhance the appetite and body's immunity of black porgy.Wherein, Sucrose Acetate acid sucrose
The additive amount of ester and hesperetin is bacillus subtilis weight 0.03 ‰ and 0.01 ‰；Fermentation temperature is 20 DEG C, revolving speed 120r/
Min, time 2d.
Above-mentioned mixed feed includes following ingredient and its parts by weight: 20 parts of fish meal, 34 parts of fermented bean dregs, cassiri 18
Part, 15 parts of asparagus fermentation material, 2 parts of fish oil, 10 parts of vegetable oil, 0.02 part of vitamin C, 1 part of composite mineral matter, manna oligosacchride
0.2 part, 0.02 part of saccharicter-penin, 0.01 part of curcumin.The mixed feed scientific compatibility meets the need of the overwintering cultivation growth of black porgy
It asks, enhances the appetite of black porgy, may advantageously facilitate black porgy and ingest, enhance overwintering black porgy constitution, improve anti-stress ability and be immunized anti-
Oxidability can improve its survival rate with safe overwintering, reach ideal feeding effect, create preferable social value and warp
Ji interests.
Above-mentioned net cage is 20 mesh, and being placed in salinity is 20 ‰, pH value 7.8, the sea area dissolved oxygen >=5mg/L；Net cage is
3.0m × 4.0m × 4.0m opened type net cage, surrounding are fixed with timber, and upper end is tensed with wirerope, by downbeam downstream with more
Row arranges side by side, and every row is separated by 3m, arranges interior net cage interval 1m, every 1hm2The water surface is arranged 600, net cage.This net cage setting side
Formula can make full use of aquifer cultivation area, and the dissolved oxygen content in net cage is high, be conducive to the growth of black porgy.
The breeding density of above-mentioned black porgy is 11kg/ case.
Above-mentioned tame and docile food method particularly includes: it does not launch any bait after black porgy cartonning in 3d, is at starvation, the
4d starts to feed the mixed feed of black porgy weight 1.0%, tames and dociles food 1d.
It is above-mentioned to feed mode are as follows: it feeds, 10 DEG C of water temperature in winter < and does not feed rainy days by the 3% of black porgy weight every time,
The fine day of water temperature >=10 DEG C, 13:30-15:30 is fed 1 time in the afternoon for selection.Let alone black porgy in the morning, it is allowed to rest, and reduces and lives
Dynamic and consumption energy, promotes growth.
Prevention of damage by disease and it is other cultivation, administrative skill it is suitable with cage culture black porgy technology is now widely used.
Embodiment 2:
Fish black porgy net cage overwintering cultivation method, specific steps are as follows:
1) selecting salinity is 25 ‰, pH value 8.2, the sea area dissolved oxygen >=5mg/L；
2) select 40 mesh, specification for 3.0m × 4.0m × 4.0m opened type net cage, surrounding is fixed with timber, upper end steel
Cord tenses, and is arranged side by side by downbeam downstream with multiple rows of, and every row is separated by 3m, arranges interior net cage interval 1m, every 1hm2The water surface is set
Set 600, net cage；
It 3) is that 12kg/ case puts black porgy in a suitable place to breed into the net cage for be placed in sea area according to breeding density；
4) any bait not being launched in 3d after black porgy cartonning, being at starvation, 4d starts to feed black porgy weight
1.5% mixed feed tames and dociles food 1-2d；
5) mode is fed are as follows: feed the mixed feed including following ingredient and its parts by weight: 22 parts of fish meal, fermented bean dregs 37
Part, 22 parts of cassiri, 20 parts of asparagus fermentation material, 2.5 parts of fish oil, 12 parts of vegetable oil, 0.1 part of vitamin C, grandidierite
1.5 parts of substance, 0.3 part of manna oligosacchride, 0.05 part of saccharicter-penin, 0.03 part of curcumin, feed by the 4.5% of black porgy weight every time,
It 10 DEG C of water temperature in winter < and does not feed rainy days, the fine day of water temperature >=10 DEG C, 13:30-15:30 is fed 1 time in the afternoon for selection；
6) prevention of damage by disease and it is other cultivation, administrative skill it is suitable with cage culture black porgy technology is now widely used, cultivated
Cheng Zhong counts dead black porgy, calculates overwintering preceding every case black porgy quantity, the results are shown in Table 1.
Above-mentioned asparagus fermentation material contains high F value oligopeptide and active agaropectin oligose, preparation method are as follows: be by inoculum concentration
11% to the dry algae powder of asparagus containing 4.5wt%, pH 7.5 solution in be inoculated with bacillus subtilis, add bacillus subtilis
The Sucrose acetoisobutyrate of weight 0.06 ‰ and 0.015 ‰ hesperetin, fermentation temperature be 25 DEG C, revolving speed 150r/min
Under conditions of ferment 3d, drying is sieved to get asparagus fermentation material.Simultaneously detect fermentation asparagus, asparagus nutrition at
Point, as shown in table 2.
Embodiment 3:
Fish black porgy net cage overwintering cultivation method, specific steps are as follows:
1) selecting salinity is 30 ‰, pH value 8.6, the sea area dissolved oxygen >=5mg/L；
2) select 50 mesh, specification for 3.0m × 4.0m × 4.0m opened type net cage, surrounding is fixed with timber, upper end steel
Cord tenses, and is arranged side by side by downbeam downstream with multiple rows of, and every row is separated by 3m, arranges interior net cage interval 1m, every 1hm2The water surface is set
Set 600, net cage；
It 3) is that 13kg/ case puts black porgy in a suitable place to breed into the net cage for be placed in sea area according to breeding density；
4) any bait not being launched in 3d after black porgy cartonning, being at starvation, 4d starts to feed black porgy weight
2.0% mixed feed tames and dociles food 1-2d；
5) mode is fed are as follows: feed the mixed feed including following ingredient and its parts by weight: 25 parts of fish meal, fermented bean dregs 40
Part, 26 parts of cassiri, 25 parts of asparagus fermentation material, 3 parts of fish oil, 15 parts of vegetable oil, 0.2 part of vitamin C, complex mineral
2 parts of matter, 0.4 part of manna oligosacchride, 0.08 part of saccharicter-penin, 0.05 part of curcumin, feed by the 6% of black porgy weight, winter water every time
It 10 DEG C of warm < and does not feed rainy days, the fine day of water temperature >=10 DEG C, 13:30-15:30 is fed 1 time in the afternoon for selection；
6) prevention of damage by disease and it is other cultivation, administrative skill it is suitable with cage culture black porgy technology is now widely used.
Above-mentioned asparagus fermentation material contains high F value oligopeptide and active agaropectin oligose, preparation method are as follows: be by inoculum concentration
12% to the dry algae powder of asparagus containing 5wt%, pH 8.0 solution in be inoculated with bacillus subtilis, add bacillus subtilis weight
0.1 ‰ Sucrose acetoisobutyrate and 0.02 ‰ hesperetin are measured, in the item that fermentation temperature is 30 DEG C, revolving speed is 180r/min
Ferment 4d under part, and drying is sieved to get asparagus fermentation material.
Embodiment 4:
In order to improve the survival rate of the overwintering cultivation of fish black porgy net cage, further preferred scheme are as follows:
When sea area water temperature in winter is lower than 15 DEG C, during selecting small tidewater, the black porgy being arranged in open sea area is cultivated
Net cage is slowly dragged to semiclosed property bay with ship, and speed is lower than 1.0m/s, re-starts piling and fixes；It is required that seafloor terrain
Gently, substrate is shale or argillo arenaceous, and depth of water 8m or more, nutritive salt is abundant, pollution-free, and the water flows gently for seawater, and flow velocity is lower than
1.0m/s being preferred.
Embodiment 5:
In order to improve the survival rate of the overwintering cultivation of fish black porgy net cage, reduction black porgy cultivates the pollution to sea area water body,
Further preferred scheme further include:
Thrown every 30d into net cage and apply microorganism formulation 1-3 times, microorganism formulation the preparation method comprises the following steps: bead will be contained
The mixed liquor of algae, photosynthetic bacteria and saccharomycete is added in mannosan and mixed solution of sodium alginate that mass concentration is 1.7%
Then uniformly mixing is slowly at the uniform velocity added drop-wise in the calcium chloride solution that the mass concentration being stirred continuously is 5.4%, be crosslinked 19h, system
Microorganism formulation, wherein chlorella, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete volume ratio be 1:0.4:0.21；Mannosan and alginic acid
Mannosan and sodium alginate weight ratio are 1:0.18 in sodium mixed solution.The preparation method is by chlorella, photosynthetic bacteria and ferment
Female bacterium cell retention can prevent the leakage of cell in the network of mannosan and sodium alginate hole, while can allow matrix
It penetrates into and product diffuses out, the porous and gap structure in microorganism formulation intragranular portion, provided for microalgae and bacterium good
Growth and breeding condition has many advantages, such as that solidification is convenient, small to Ecotoxicology, immobilization density is high.Mannosan and alginic acid
Sodium mixed solution, which is decreased or increased, can make spherolite mechanical strength too small or the excessive growth to influence phycomycete, and then to nitrogen, phosphorus
Removal with organic matter has an impact；The mass fraction size of calcium chloride equally can be to the mechanical strong of fixation of microbial cell ball
Degree, mass-transfer performance even phycomycete cell activity generate certain influence, and the quality of above-mentioned mannosan and sodium alginate soln
Concentration and the mass concentration of calcium chloride solution are optimal selection；Mannosan and alginic acid in mannosan and sodium alginate soln
The rational proportion of sodium makes free hydroxyl group in mannosan molecule and hydrone at hydrogen chain combination, increases mannosan and seaweed
The mesh-density that sour sodium is formed provides large surface area with the contact of mannosan and sodium alginate for phycomycete, fixed more
Phycomycete, immobilization greatly increases the concentration of phycomycete, greatly improves the removal efficiency to nitrogen phosphorus in breeding water, while mentioning
While the density of high microorganism preparation improve microorganism formulation mechanical strength so that microorganism formulation be easy to sink under water and
It is not destroyed, plays better clean-up effect, the hyperbranched of another aspect mannosan can pass through electrostatic interaction and coordination
Effect is combined with the surface functional group of chlorella, photosynthetic bacteria and saccharomycete, in fixed pellet algae, photosynthetic bacteria and saccharomycete
While improve their dispersibilities in microorganism formulation, play chlorella to the maximum extent, photosynthetic bacteria and saccharomycete change
The effect of good water quality improves pond net box and cultivates black porgy overwintering survival rate, and furthermore the presence of mannosan can delay alginic acid
The degradation by microorganism of sodium makes microorganism formulation have slow release effect, prolongs its service life, reduce making for microorganism formulation
Use frequency.
Comparative example 1:
As different from Example 2: asparagus fermentation material the preparation method comprises the following steps: by inoculum concentration be 11% to contain 4.5wt%
Asparagus dry algae powder, pH 7.5 solution in be inoculated with bacillus subtilis, add the second of bacillus subtilis weight 0.06 ‰
Sour isobutyric acid sucrose ester, ferment 3d under conditions of fermentation temperature is 25 DEG C, revolving speed is 150r/min, and drying is sieved to get dragon
It must dish fermentation material.The nutritional ingredient of fermentation asparagus, asparagus is detected simultaneously, as shown in table 2.
Prevention of damage by disease and it is other cultivation, administrative skill it is suitable with cage culture black porgy technology is now widely used.Breeding process
In, dead black porgy is counted, overwintering preceding every case black porgy quantity is calculated.The results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 2:
As different from Example 2: asparagus fermentation material contains high F value oligopeptide and active agaropectin oligose, preparation method
Are as follows: by inoculum concentration be 11% to the dry algae powder of asparagus containing 4.5wt%, pH 7.5 solution in be inoculated with bacillus subtilis, then plus
The hesperetin for entering bacillus subtilis weight 0.015 ‰ ferments under conditions of fermentation temperature is 25 DEG C, revolving speed is 150r/min
3d, drying are sieved to get asparagus fermentation material.The nutritional ingredient of fermentation asparagus, asparagus is detected simultaneously, as shown in table 2.
Prevention of damage by disease and it is other cultivation, administrative skill it is suitable with cage culture black porgy technology is now widely used.Breeding process
In, dead black porgy is counted, overwintering preceding every case black porgy quantity is calculated.The results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 3:
Asparagus fermentation material contains high F value oligopeptide and active agaropectin oligose, preparation method are as follows: by inoculum concentration be 11% to
The dry algae powder of asparagus containing 4.5wt%, pH 7.5 solution in be inoculated with bacillus subtilis, fermentation temperature is 25 DEG C, revolving speed is
Ferment 3d under conditions of 150r/min, and drying is sieved to get asparagus fermentation material.Fermentation asparagus, asparagus are detected simultaneously
Nutritional ingredient, as shown in table 2.
Prevention of damage by disease and it is other cultivation, administrative skill it is suitable with cage culture black porgy technology is now widely used.Breeding process
In, dead black porgy is counted, overwintering preceding every case black porgy quantity is calculated.The results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 4:
As different from Example 2: feeding the mixed feed including following ingredient and its parts by weight: 22 parts of fish meal, fermentation
It is 37 parts of dregs of beans, 22 parts of cassiri, 2.5 parts of fish oil, 12 parts of vegetable oil, 0.1 part of vitamin C, 1.5 parts of composite mineral matter, sweet
Reveal 0.3 part of oligosaccharides, 0.05 part of saccharicter-penin, 0.03 part of curcumin.
Prevention of damage by disease and it is other cultivation, administrative skill it is suitable with cage culture black porgy technology is now widely used.Breeding process
In, dead black porgy is counted, overwintering preceding every case black porgy quantity is calculated.The results are shown in Table 1.
The survival rate of the 1 overwintering cultivation of black porgy net cage of table
As shown in Table 1, for the high survival rate of embodiment 2 in comparative example 1, comparative example 2, comparative example 3 and comparative example 4, comparison is real
Apply known to example 2 and comparative example 4: the addition of asparagus fermentation material can be improved the survival rate of the overwintering cultivation of black porgy net cage；Comparison is real
Apply example 2 and comparative example 1, comparative example 2, comparative example 3 are known: the asparagus fermentation material that embodiment 2 obtains can be with improving dragon well
The bioactivity of palpus dish fermentation material, improves the immune oxidation resistance of black porgy, saferly overwintering；The survival rate of embodiment 2
Lower than embodiment 4 and embodiment 5, comparative example 2 and embodiment 4, embodiment 5, it is known that the technology of embodiment 4 and embodiment 5
Scheme improves the survival rate of the overwintering cultivation of fish black porgy net cage.
The nutritional ingredient of the fermentation of table 2 asparagus, asparagus
| Classification | Before fermentation | Embodiment 2 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 |
| Dry matter | 94.67 | 99.45 | 98.25 | 98.04 | 97.81 |
| Crude protein (%) | 15.32 | 18.72 | 16.87 | 16.02 | 7.24 |
| Crude fat (%) | 0.58 | 0.34 | 0.41 | 0.37 | 0.49 |
| Ash content (%) | 30.4 | 55.32 | 58.21 | 60.02 | 65.2 |
| Nitrogen-free extracts (%) | 54.87 | 20.84 | 25.47 | 28.14 | 28.97 |
| Total reducing sugar (%) | 23.01 | 11.43 | 11.21 | 12.64 | 11.85 |
| Oligosaccharides (%) | 0.79 | 3.31 | 2.15 | 2.34 | 1.8 |
As shown in Table 2, the oligosaccharide content of embodiment 2 is higher than comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3, shows Sucrose Acetate
The presence of sour sucrose ester and hesperetin can be improved the content of active agaropectin oligose in asparagus fermentation material.
The prior art of routine techniques dawn known to those skilled in the art in above-described embodiment, therefore herein no longer in detail
It repeats.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and not limitation of the present invention, the ordinary skill people of this field
Member can also make a variety of changes and modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, all equivalent
Technical solution also belong to scope of the invention, scope of patent protection of the invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. fish black porgy net cage overwintering cultivation method, puts black porgy in a suitable place to breed into the net cage for be placed in sea area, tames and dociles to feed after eating successfully and contain
There is the mixed feed of asparagus fermentation material, it is characterised in that: the asparagus fermentation material contains high F value oligopeptide and active agar-agar is few
Sugar.
2. a kind of fish black porgy net cage overwintering cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: asparagus fermentation
Object the preparation method comprises the following steps: by inoculum concentration be 10-12% to the dry algae powder of asparagus containing 4-5wt%, pH7.0-8.0 solution in be inoculated with
Bacillus subtilis adds Sucrose acetoisobutyrate and hesperetin, ferments, and drying is sieved to get asparagus fermentation material.
3. a kind of fish black porgy net cage overwintering cultivation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the acetic acid is different
The additive amount of butyric acid sucrose ester and hesperetin is bacillus subtilis weight 0.03-0.1 ‰ and 0.01-0.02 ‰.
4. a kind of fish black porgy net cage overwintering cultivation method according to claim 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: the hair
Ferment temperature is 20-30 DEG C, revolving speed 120-180r/min, time 2-4d.
5. a kind of fish black porgy net cage overwintering cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the compound feeding
Material includes following ingredient and its parts by weight: 20-25 parts of fish meal, 34-40 parts of fermented bean dregs, 18-26 parts of cassiri, asparagus
15-25 parts of fermentation material, 2-3 parts of fish oil, 10-15 parts of vegetable oil, 0.02-0.2 parts of vitamin C, 1-2 parts of composite mineral matter, sweet dew
0.2-0.4 parts of oligosaccharides, 0.02-0.08 parts of saccharicter-penin, 0.01-0.05 parts of curcumin.
6. a kind of fish black porgy net cage overwintering cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the net cage is
20-50 mesh, being placed in salinity is 20-30 ‰, pH value 7.8-8.6, the sea area dissolved oxygen >=5mg/L.
7. a kind of fish black porgy net cage overwintering cultivation method according to claim 1 or 6, it is characterised in that: the net
Case is 3.0m × 4.0m × 4.0m opened type net cage, and surrounding is fixed with timber, and upper end is tensed with wirerope, by downbeam downstream
It is arranged side by side with multiple rows of, every row is separated by 3m, arranges interior net cage interval 1m, every 1hm2The water surface is arranged 600, net cage.
8. a kind of fish black porgy net cage overwintering cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the black porgy
Breeding density is 11-13kg/ case.
9. a kind of fish black porgy net cage overwintering cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the tame and docile food
Method particularly includes: it does not launch any bait after black porgy cartonning in 3d, is at starvation, 4d starts to feed black porgy weight
The mixed feed of 1.0-2.0% tames and dociles food 1-2d.
10. a kind of fish black porgy net cage overwintering cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to feed
Mode are as follows: feed, 10 DEG C of water temperature in winter < and do not feed rainy days by the 3-6% of black porgy weight every time, water temperature >=10 DEG C it is fine
It, 13:30-15:30 is fed 1 time in the afternoon for selection.
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