CN109361027A - The method for improving or extending lead-acid accumulator or battery pack service life - Google Patents
The method for improving or extending lead-acid accumulator or battery pack service life Download PDFInfo
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- CN109361027A CN109361027A CN201811296518.9A CN201811296518A CN109361027A CN 109361027 A CN109361027 A CN 109361027A CN 201811296518 A CN201811296518 A CN 201811296518A CN 109361027 A CN109361027 A CN 109361027A
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- lead
- electrode
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- charge
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- XMFOQHDPRMAJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(ii,iv) oxide Chemical compound O1[Pb]O[Pb]11O[Pb]O1 XMFOQHDPRMAJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
- H01M10/12—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/627—Expanders for lead-acid accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of raising or the methods of extension lead-acid accumulator or battery pack service life, including, lead-acid accumulator or the positive and negative electrode of battery pack are subjected to polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, total cumulative number that the operation is carried out or carried out is >=1 time, the lead-acid accumulator or its anode of battery pack and cathode are positive and negative anodes current electrode, include swelling agent in the active material or active matter formula of positive or/and cathode, anode or/and the cathode or/and positive and negative anodes current electrode；The method disclosed in the present is remarkably improved or extends the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the service lifes for improving or extending battery or battery group, more particularly to a kind of raising or prolong
The method of the service life of long lead-acid accumulator or battery pack.
Background technique
Lead-acid accumulator is widely used for many years since manufacturing cost is low, property/valence is than high, safe and stable, recyclable, and
Occupy chief status in secondary cell market sale share.However in performance, lead-acid accumulator or battery pack show to compare
The deficiency that energy is low, service life is shorter.There are many factor for influencing lead-acid accumulator or battery pack service life, and internal factor is such as
Active material composition, crystal form, porosity, pole plate type and size, grid material and structure, diaphragm type and performance, assembly pressure
Power, electrolyte type and formula, sour density, impurity, battery consistency etc., external factor for example depth of discharge, discharge current density,
The density of charging current, overcharge, charge less electricity, temperature, mechanical shock, stress deformation situation etc., are summed up, main, common
The battery for leading to lead-acid accumulator or battery pack end of life or battery pack failure mode have grid corrosion, positive-active
Substance soften or/and fall off, sulfation, dehydration, early stage capacitance loss, electrode passivation, negative terminal surface product shrink, active material
With conductive current collector poor contact, battery consistency difference etc..
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of raising or extension lead-acid accumulator or the use longevity of battery pack
The method of life, the method especially by the positive material(PAM) softening for solving or improving lead-acid accumulator or battery pack or/
With fall off, the contraction of cathode specific surface area, burn into passivation, early stage capacitance loss, sulfation, active material and conductive current collector
Poor contact is one such or various problems, to improve or extend the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack.
The service life includes but is not limited to one of cycle life, float life or a variety of.
The lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, that is, lead-acid accumulator or lead-acid batteries.
It is described to solve the above problems, including but not limited to: to the solution of the above problem, reparation, reverse, elimination, improvement, delaying
It solves, inhibit, prevent, avoid.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the use longevity of raising provided by the present invention or extension lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
The method of life includes: that lead-acid accumulator or/and the anode of lead-acid batteries, cathode are carried out polarity reversion and subsequent charging
Or charge and discharge is electrically operated (hereinafter also referred to as polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated), which carries out or is carried out
Total cumulative number be 1 time or more (including 1 time, the same below), it is described by anode, cathode progress polarity reversion and subsequent charging
Or charge and discharge is electrically operated, that is, positive electrode, negative electrode are carried out polarity reversion, and after polarity reversion, will be inverted by the polarity
Electrode carry out charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated.Total cumulative number refers to that the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack are in its presence
It is entire during or entire phase before its end of life and after end of life of the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
Between, all generations with the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack in total, the always accumulative anode, negative polarity reversion
Or the number that polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated.Each time the anode, negative polarity are inverted and subsequent are filled
Electricity or charge and discharge it is electrically operated each other can be carried out continuously, discontinuously carry out, or part be carried out continuously, part discontinuously into
Row.
The polarity of the lead-acid accumulator or battery anode or cathode includes, the electrode of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
Positivity (positive property) or negativity (cathode property), the positivity feature of electrode generally comprise, and the electrode occurred on this electrode is anti-
Should be anode electrode reaction, electrode potential mutually it is more high, the negativity feature of electrode generally comprises, the electrode occurred on this electrode
Reaction be negative electrode reaction, electrode potential mutually it is more low.The polarity reversion refers to that originally the polarity of positivity electrode is by positivity
The polarity for becoming negativity or/and original negativity electrode becomes positivity by negativity.
It is described will by polarity reversion electrode carry out charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated, that is, will polarity reversion before for anode and
Be after polarity reversion cathode electrode charge as cathode or charge and discharge is electrically operated, polarity is inverted before be cathode and polarity is anti-
It is that positive electrode carries out charging as anode or charge and discharge is electrically operated after turning, the former makes that acid accumulator negative pole lead electricity occurs on electrode
Pole reaction, the latter make that lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction occurs on electrode.
The anode of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, cathode are carried out first time, second of polarity reversion and subsequent filled
For electricity or the electrically operated process of charge and discharge, the positive and negative electrode polarity is inverted and subsequent is charged or charge and discharge is electrically operated makees into one
Step ground explanation, for convenience of description, with original anode (being also labeled as electrode A herein), original cathode (herein also labeled as electricity
Pole B) it calls, do not carried out any anode, negative polarity inverts and subsequent charging or when electrically operated charge and discharge
The lead-acid accumulator or the anode of battery pack, cathode, in this way, being carried out when by lead-acid accumulator or the anode of battery pack, cathode
When the reversion of first time polarity and subsequent charging or electrically operated charge and discharge, operating procedure includes, firstly, by lead-acid accumulator or battery
Positive electrode, the negative electrode of group carry out polarity reversion, that is, make the pole of lead-acid accumulator or the original anode (electrode A) of battery pack
Property it is negative by being just inverted to, the polarity of cathode (electrode B) originally is inverted to just by negative, then after secondary polarity reversion,
To carry out charging by the electrode of secondary polarity reversion or charge and discharge is electrically operated, that is, by original anode (electrode A) as cathode,
By original cathode (electrode B) as anode, lead-acid accumulator or battery pack after inverting to the secondary polarity are charged or are filled
Discharge operation, charging or charge and discharge electrically operated completion of the whole process after from the secondary polarity reverse turn operation to the secondary polarity reversion,
The reversion of as 1 polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated (at this point, completing the of the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
Polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated), the polarity reversion and subsequent charging of this anode, cathode
Or charge and discharge it is electrically operated it is realized include that, for original anode (electrode A), electrode potential is transformed into phase by mutually more high
More low, its electrode reaction occurred is inverted to acid accumulator negative pole lead by original lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction
Electrode reaction, for original cathode (electrode B), variation is opposite.
It is recognised that on the basis of above-mentioned 1 polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, then carry out 1 pole
Sex reversal and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated (this be also the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack the reversion of second of polarity and its
Charging or charge and discharge afterwards is electrically operated), then in the charging or charge and discharge operating process after the polarity reversion of rear primary (for the second time),
It is electrically charged or the positivity electrode of charge and discharge is then lead-acid accumulator or the original anode (electrode A) of battery pack, be electrically charged or charge and discharge
The negativity electrode of electricity is then lead-acid accumulator or the original cathode (electrode B) of battery pack, this time (for the second time) positive, cathode
Polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated it is realized include, for original anode (electrode A), electrode electricity
Position by mutually more it is low be transformed into mutually more high, its electrode reaction for being occurred by original acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction
It is inverted to lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction, for original cathode (electrode B), variation is opposite.In this way, for original
Positive (electrode A), original cathode (electrode B) have carried out altogether 2 (i.e. for the first time, second) polarity reversions and subsequent have filled
Electricity or charge and discharge are electrically operated.
3 times or the polarity reversion greater than 3 times and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, can be at above-mentioned 2 times (for the first time, the
It is secondary) polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated on the basis of repeatedly carry out similar first time or first again or again
Secondary, second polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated and realizes, can be according to above-mentioned 2 times (for the first time, for the second time)
Polarity, which inverts and subsequent charges, or charge and discharge is electrically operated analogizes understanding, implements.
Polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated in, when the polarity reversion actually occurs on the electrode
Comparatively fast to complete, the time is shorter, and, in the critical part of polarity reversion, the polarity of electrode is from this critical one end change in polarity
To critical other end polarity, only need less electricity, alternatively, when by the less electricity, make the polarity of electrode from critical
This one end change in polarity to critical other end polarity, polarity reversion is to complete, therefore, because the electricity being related to is few, institute
It states polarity and is reversed in and change that electrode is constituted, the influence of performance etc. is generally also smaller or can ignore, it is strictly, described
Polarity reversion conceptually and is actually all primarily referred to as the variation in a kind of polarization state, and polarity reversion and subsequent
Charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated in, make composition, performance of electrode etc. that significant change occur, mainly with the charging after polarity reversion
Or charge and discharge operating process has important relationship.
Polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, including by lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid accumulator
The electrode of group carries out polarity reversion, and after polarity reversion, keeps the following electrochemistry of electrode progress inverted by the polarity anti-
It answers: making the preceding electrode for anode of polarity reversion in the laggard quadrat acid accumulator negative electrode reaction of polarity reversion, makes the pole
It is that lead oxides, basic lead sulphate, lead sulfate of the electrode of anode contained by it carry out electricity after polarity reversion before sex reversal
Chemical reduction reaction keeps the preceding electrode for cathode of polarity reversion anti-in the laggard quadrat acid accumulator anode electrode of polarity reversion
It answers, it is one such or a variety of.
Electric current in polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge behaviour includes DC current, pulse current or arteries and veins
The recombination current of punching and direct current.
Polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated in, the charging operations after any polarity reversion
Number is 1 time or more (including 1 time, the same below).
It is described that lead-acid accumulator or the progress polarity reversion of the positive and negative electrode of battery pack and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated
Including keeping the anode, negative polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge electrically operated with the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
Work, intert each other, be alternately carried out, and make the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack at work, anode originally, original
The cathode come is in one of following three kinds of electrode working conditions: (1) original anode works as anode always, former
The cathode come is used as cathode to work always；(2) original anode works as cathode always, and cathode originally is always
It works as anode；(3) original anode is worked as anode sometimes, is used as cathode to work sometimes, accordingly
Ground, cathode originally are used as cathode to be worked sometimes, are used as anode to work sometimes；It is described that it is original positive, original
Cathode be, do not carried out it is any it is described anode, negative polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated when, institute
State anode, the cathode of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack.
In above-mentioned (1), (2), (3) under any operative state, the lead-acid accumulator or lead-acid battery group are at it
The polarity reversion and subsequent charging of the anode, cathode between meaning work twice or charge and discharge number of operations be 0 time with
Upper (including 0 time, the same below).
It is described that lead-acid accumulator or the progress polarity reversion of the positive and negative electrode of battery pack and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated
Include: progress twice in succession or continuously the positive and negative electrode polarity of even-times inverts and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, it is single to carry out
The reversion of positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge of secondary or continuum method time are electrically operated, one such or a variety of.
It is described anode, cathode to be subjected to polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated includes, only in battery pack
Some monocell individually carry out positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated or only right
Certain (i.e. two or more) monocells in battery pack carry out the positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or fill
Discharge operation, or only to the partial electrode progress positive and negative electrode polarity reversion in lead-acid accumulator single battery and thereafter
Charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated, this all referred to as distinguish operation.The monocell, that is, single battery.
It is described by positive and negative electrode carry out polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated include carry out pulse charge or/
With the operation of electric discharge；The pulse charge or/and electric discharge include positive pulse, negative pulse, positive negative pulse stuffing mixed pulses charging or/and
One of discharge operation is a variety of.
For target and requirement, technique, safety, etc. needs, it is described by anode, cathode carry out polarity reversion and its
Charging or charge and discharge afterwards it is electrically operated can lead-acid accumulator or battery pack any charged or working condition (including before work,
In work, work after, stand) under directly initiate, start and carry out, can also the polarity invert and subsequent charge or charge and discharge
Electric discharge or/and charging operations (hereinafter referred to as putting before polarity reversion first are carried out to lead-acid accumulator or battery pack before electrically operated
Electricity or/and charging operations), then restart, start and carries out the polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated.Afterwards
A kind of situation includes, and before polarity reversion, carries out discharge operation until voltage is reduced to 0V or 0V or more to battery or battery pack,
Then polarity reversion is carried out again.
The polarity of the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack inverts, polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, pole
Electric discharge or/and charging operations, differentiation operation before sex reversal can be executed by programming.
The lead-acid accumulator or the anode of battery pack, cathode carry out the charging or charge and discharge after polarity reversion, polarity reversion
Electric discharge or/and charging operations before the reversion of electrically operated or polarity can according to certain magnitude of physical quantity, quantitative value, chemical magnitude and it
Changing value, one of calculated value or the results such as a variety of settings, measurement, signal acquisition, calculating and start or stop or
It is failure to actuate.The magnitude of physical quantity includes voltage value, current value, current density value, charge value, capability value, performance number, time
One of value, temperature value, force value, pressure values, density value, shading value, frequency values are a variety of；The quantitative value includes accumulative
Numerical value, odd number value, even number value, ratio value, battery or/and battery pack one of charge-discharge cycle time numerical value or a variety of；It is described
Chemical magnitude include battery or/and battery pack acidity value.The magnitude of physical quantity, quantitative value, chemical magnitude include battery
Or/and battery pack during the charging process, in discharge process, in On The Cycle Working Process, during float duty, open circuit or stand shape
Magnitude of physical quantity, quantitative value, chemical magnitude and other physics relevant to lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries in state
Magnitude, quantitative value, chemical magnitude.
It is described to carry out charging by the electrode of polarity reversion or charge and discharge is electrically operated, wherein the charging or charge and discharge
Electricity is generally 0.5 times of the electrode rated capacity or more.
It is described that lead-acid accumulator or the positive and negative electrode of battery pack are subjected to polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge behaviour
Make, it is further characterized in that, it carries out or is carried out the plumbic acid that the positive and negative electrode polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated
Battery or its anode of battery pack and cathode are positive and negative anodes current electrode (that is, electrode positive, that cathode is general), described positive and negative
Pole current electrode can not only be used for anode use, also can be used as cathode use in the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, or
It is certain is used as anode, it is certain used as cathode, or work or use process in the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
In, some time uses as anode, some time uses as cathode again, one such or a variety of；Constitute lead-acid accumulator or battery
The anode of group and when cathode, the anode, cathode, positive and negative anodes current electrode include but is not limited to, anode including swelling agent or/
With in cathode, its electrode active material or active matter formula include swelling agent positive and negative anodes current electrode or/and anode or/and
Cathode, each other the positive and negative anodes current electrode with identical active material or identical active matter formula, each other positive and negative anodes of equal value
Current electrode is each other same or identical positive and negative anodes current electrode, one such or a variety of；The equivalence each other is
Refer to, after electrode is melted into, function and performance having the same each other, alternatively, electrode is after by chemical conversion or charge and discharge, each other in lead
In the work or use process of acid accumulator or battery pack, do not consider that (error includes but is not limited to foozle, measurement mistake to error
Difference) in the case where factor (presence or influence of excluding, exclude, removing error), there is or show identical function and property
Energy；Described same or identical positive and negative anodes current electrode refers to that the positive electrode and negative electrode of the battery are in electrode structure, ruler
All electrodes such as very little, formula, material, manufacture technology are identical in terms of constituting (that is, all electrodes are all identical in terms of constituting),
Alternatively, described same or identical positive and negative anodes current electrode refers to, those before being carried out chemical conversion or charge and discharge each other
It is identical, after being carried out chemical conversion or charge and discharge can form the positive and negative anodes current electrode of positive or negative pole, it is described to be melted into
Or it is mutually the same before charge and discharge refer to, electrode is by before being melted into, the electrode or the anode, cathode, in all respects, such as
But it is not limited to collector, active matter formula and active material quality (such as, but not limited to lead paste formula and lead plaster quality), system
Technique etc. is done, it is identical (that is, all identical in all respects), alternatively, not considering the foozle generated when manufacturing electrode
(presence or influence of excluding, exclude, removing foozle), carried out chemical conversion or charge and discharge it is electrically operated before, two or more
A electrode is each other in all electrodes composition, manufacture view (such as electrode structure, appearance, size, formula, material, manufacture technology)
It is identical.
The swelling agent is used to prevent, inhibit, improves electrode specific surface area contraction or electrode active material specific surface area receipts
Contracting.
The swelling agent includes but is not limited to: barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, silica, silicate, humic acid, lignosulphonic acid
Salt, it is one such or a variety of.
Mass percentage of the barium sulfate in active material or active matter formula is 0.01% or more, 0.02%
Above, 0.03% or more, 0.05% or more, 0.08% or more, 0.1% or more, 0.2% or more, 0.3% or more, 0.4% with
Above, 0.5% or more, 0.6% or more, 0.8% or more, 1.0% or more, it is one such or a variety of.
The active material includes but is not limited to: metallic lead, lead plaster, lead powder, lead compound, lead powder mixture, leaded are closed
Object mixture, it is one such or a variety of；
The lead plaster includes: dry lead plaster, wet lead plaster；
The lead powder includes but is not limited to: the lead oxide powder with certain oxidizability；
The lead compound includes but is not limited to: lead monoxide, plumbous plumbate, lead orthoplumbate, brown lead oxide, hydrogen-oxygen
Change lead, lead sulfate, basic lead sulphate, ceruse, basic lead carbonate, other lead oxides, other lead hydroxide, Qi Taqian
Salt, it is one such or a variety of；
The lead powder mixture are as follows: the lead powder and other materials, such as additive, the substance after mixing；
The lead compound mixture are as follows: the lead compound and other materials, such as additive, the substance after mixing.
The active matter formula includes but is not limited to: the anode, cathode, before electrode chemical conversion, active matter
The formula of matter.
It is described that lead-acid accumulator or the progress polarity reversion of the positive and negative electrode of battery pack and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated
It can automatically or/and manually be realized by a kind of circuit, the circuit stores lead-acid accumulator or/and plumbic acid with described
The function that the positive electrode and negative electrode of battery pack carry out polarity reversion or polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, the electricity
Road can or lead-acid accumulator or/and the anode of lead-acid batteries, cathode actually be carried out polarity reversion or polarity inverts
And subsequent charging or electrically operated total cumulative number >=1 time of charge and discharge.
The circuit, which is effected or carried out, carries out the anode, negative polarity to lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries
The method that reversion or polarity invert and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated includes: to carry out to the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
It charges after antipole charging, forced electric discharge, reversal connection, it is one such or a variety of.
It charges after the reversal connection, i.e., (charge and discharge electric appliance anode clip or cathode output end and lead-acid accumulator under reversal connection state
Negative plate or cathode connection, charge and discharge electric appliance cathode clip or cathode output end are connect with anode plate for lead acid accumulator or anode), it is right
Lead-acid accumulator charges.
It charges after the reversal connection, including but not limited to, makes the positive and negative electrode of lead-acid accumulator that polarity reversion occur.
The charge and discharge electric appliance, i.e. charging or/and discharger.
The circuit realizes that the method for carrying out antipole charging to lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries includes but unlimited
In anti-by the polarity reversion for the circuit output end being connected on the lead-acid accumulator or battery set electrode and the polarity
The charging carried out to the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack or charge and discharge after turning is electrically operated, to realize the lead-acid accumulator or electricity
The positive and negative electrode polarity of pond group inverts or polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated.
The circuit includes but is not limited to: management circuit, the charging/discharging apparatus of power supply, lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, institute
Stating charging/discharging apparatus includes but is not limited to: charger, charger, instrument for repairing, tester, charge and discharge electric appliance, battery or battery pack pipe
Reason system.
It is described that lead-acid accumulator or the positive and negative electrode of battery pack are subjected to polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge behaviour
Make, it is further characterized in that, it can start, stop or suspend the circuit by way of automatic or/and manual or manual switch
Function, so that the circuit started, stop or is suspended and positive and negative electrode polarity carried out to lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries
Reversion or polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated.
The method or described by lead of raising or extension lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries service life of the invention
Acid accumulator or/and the anode of lead-acid batteries, cathode carry out polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge operating method
The lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries being applied to, including but not limited to surface plate grating, tubular type, full tubular type, winding
Formula, horizontal lead cloth, cystosepiment grating, pillar, has and stablizes gap body electric pole type lead-acid accumulator or battery pack bipolar system,
Or including but not limited to valve controlled sealed lead-acid accumulator or battery group, gelled lead acid battery or battery group, lead carbon electricity
Pond battery or battery group, supercapacitor-lead-acid accumulator (abbreviation superbattery) battery or battery group, or including
But it is not limited to the lead-acid batteries and various other classes of mixed type made of the lead-acid accumulator Hybrid connections of these types
The lead-acid accumulator or battery pack of type.The full tube type lead-acid accumulator has tubular type positive electrode, tubular type negative electrode.
The method that the present invention improved or extended lead-acid accumulator or battery pack service life can be applied to lead-acid accumulator or
Battery pack, lead-acid accumulator or the circuit or charging/discharging apparatus of battery pack, the reparation of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, regeneration or life
Produce chemical synthesis technology when manufacture.
The present invention also provides a kind of by polarity reversion and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated is applied to lead-acid accumulator
Or the chemical synthesizing method in battery pack manufacturing process, including the anode of lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries, cathode are carried out
Polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, and the number which carries out or carried out is 1 time or more.
Polarity reversion and subsequent charging or the electrically operated other feature having of charge and discharge in the chemical synthesizing method, packet
Include: electric current, the charged or working condition of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack before operation carries out or/and are filled at electric discharge before polarity reversion
Charging or charge and discharge after the reversion of electrically operated, polarity, polarity reversion be electrically operated start or stop institute according to certain magnitude of physical quantity, quantity
One of value, chemical magnitude and their changing value, calculated value or a variety of measurement results, the electric discharge before polarity reversion
Or/and charging operations, polarity invert, polarity inverts and subsequent charge or charge and discharge is electrically operated, differentiation operation can be held by programming
Row etc., with electrically operated identical of the reversion of polarity that present invention front illustrates and subsequent charging or charge and discharge.
The method of raising provided by the present invention or extension lead-acid accumulator or battery pack service life, further include make it is described
Polarity reversion occurs for lead-acid accumulator or/and the electrode of lead-acid batteries, and after polarity reversion, makes anti-by the polarity
The electrode turned carries out following electrochemical reaction: so that the preceding electrode for anode of polarity reversion is inverted laggard quadrat acid in the polarity and stores
Battery cathode electrode reaction makes lead oxides, basic lead sulphate, sulfuric acid of the electrode contained by it before polarity reversion for anode
Lead is laggard in polarity reversion for the electrode of cathode before carrying out electrochemical reducting reaction after the polarity inverts, making polarity reversion
The reaction of quadrat acid accumulator anode electrode, it is one such or a variety of, it is further characterized in that, this method is implemented on the plumbic acid and stores
Battery or/and total cumulative number of lead-acid batteries are >=1 time, and this method includes described by lead-acid accumulator or/and plumbic acid
Anode, the cathode of battery group carry out polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, and makes total accumulative time of the operation
Number is >=1 time, described that anode, cathode progress polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, that is, by positive electrode, to bear
Electrode carries out polarity reversion, and after polarity reversion, will carry out charging by the electrode of polarity reversion or charge and discharge is electrically operated.
Unless otherwise indicated, the shape, structure of the lead-acid accumulator, construction including but not limited to disclose in the prior art
, the shape, structure of well known, general battery, construction, the shape of the disclosure, well known, general battery, knot
Structure, construction include but is not limited to: battery includes positive (positive electrode), cathode (negative electrode), electrolyte, diaphragm (or plate), electricity
Flow fluid confluence (or row), output terminal, battery case (or shell)；(or being separated with) partition, same pole are inserted between the anode, cathode
Property electrode (or electrode group its electrode) be all conductively connected and be conductively connected in fluid confluence (or row) to be formed each other, connect positive electricity
The fluid confluence (or row) of pole is conductively connected with battery positive voltage output terminal, connects the fluid confluence (or row) and storage of negative electrode
Battery cathode output terminal is conductively connected, when forming battery group, with the output end for being conductively connected item and each battery
Son is conductively connected and forms the series, parallel between each battery；As optional, the positive electrode can be defeated with battery positive voltage
Terminal is conductively connected out, and the negative electrode can be conductively connected with battery terminal negative output terminal；It is described positive, negative
Pole, diaphragm (or plate), electrolyte are in battery case (or shell), and electrolyte is in contact with anode, cathode, diaphragm (or plate)；Institute
Stating electrode includes electrode current collecting body, active material, described collector itself is at least a part of or one end and active material it is conductive
Property contact or combine, alternatively, described collector itself is at least a part of or one end is arranged inside active material or surface, institute
At least one of connector (or item) or accumulator output terminal between the collector other end and fluid confluence or single battery is stated to lead
It is electrically connected.
Beneficial effect
The electrode reaction of known lead-acid accumulator are as follows:
Anode:
Cathode:
As it can be seen that the reaction product after anode, negative discharge is PbSO4, product PbSO4It is converted to respectively again after charged
Positive active material PbO2With negative electrode active material Pb；Using the original anode of lead-acid accumulator as cathode, cathode originally is made
For anode, operation is charged the battery, makes that negative electrode reaction occurs on original anode, anode occurs on cathode originally
Electrode reaction, then the discharging product PbSO of original anode4It can be converted to negative electrode active material Pb, equally, original cathode
Discharging product PbSO4Positive active material PbO can be converted to2, i.e. the polarity of positive and negative electrode can invert, due to electrode reaction equation
(1), the electrode reaction in (2) is reversible, and therefore, the polarity between the original anode of lead-acid accumulator and original cathode is anti-
Turn also to be reversible.In addition, using the original anode of lead-acid accumulator as cathode, original cathode as anode, to battery into
Row charging operations, in some instances it may even be possible to will lead to the PbO on original anode2Pb directly on Pb conversion, original cathode is direct
To PbO2Conversion, thus also complete the reversible polarity reversion between lead-acid accumulator original anode and original cathode.
Lead-acid accumulator is in charge and discharge again, the active material with the increase of the charge and discharge number of occurrence, on anode electrode
PbO2Combination between particle is gradually relaxed, is disengaged from each other, so that positive active material expands, is loose, softens, falls off；With
The increase of the charge and discharge number of occurrence is tended to show as being bonded to each other between the active material Pb particle on negative electrode, so that
Cathode specific surface area shrinks, is hardened.When the polarity for positive, the original cathode for keeping lead-acid accumulator original inverts, and lead to
Charging or charge and discharge after crossing polarity reversion is electrically operated, makes that filling for acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction occurs on original anode
Electricity or charge and discharge process make charging or charge and discharge process that lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction occurs on original cathode, then
Active material PbO on the original anode of lead-acid accumulator2Disengaging between particle softening, the caused active material particle that falls off
It can be reversed by the acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction, it is equally, living on the original cathode of lead-acid accumulator
Property Substance P b particle be bonded to each other caused by active material specific surface area contraction can be by the lead acid battery positive electrode
Electrode reaction is also reversed, i.e., the softening of active substance for positive electrode of lead-acid accumulator, drop out effects, the specific surface area of cathode are shunk
Effect can be realized reversible by electrode reaction (1), (2) or be reversed each other, in other words, by the anode of lead-acid accumulator, cathode
It carries out polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, can reverse or improve the soft of active substance for positive electrode of lead-acid accumulator
Change or/and fall off, the specific surface area of cathode is shunk.
According to the two of above-mentioned lead-acid accumulator reversibility features, the reversion of polarity through the invention and subsequent charging or
Charge and discharge is electrically operated, (different charge and discharge systems is by electrode reaction for electrode or electrode active for the suitable charge and discharge system of selection
Property substance physics and chemistry the generations such as structure, property influence, change effect it is variant, timeliness, efficiency are also variant),
By or not by regulating measures such as additives, active material particle caused by reacting anode electrode is disengaged from each other and negative electricity
Active material particle caused by pole is reacted is bonded to each other, and takes a turn for the worse or cancels out each other, can substantially improve and even be eliminated plumbic acid
The positive material(PAM) softening of battery or/and fall off, cathode specific surface area shrink problem, to significantly improve or extend plumbic acid
The service life of battery.Theoretically, if can solve lead-acid accumulator or battery pack positive material(PAM) softening or/and
It falls off, positive material(PAM) softening is shunk and removed to cathode specific surface area or/and falls off, the failure that cathode specific surface area is shunk
Other than mode and the problem of battery caused by other failure modes for being currently known or the end of life of battery pack, then plumbic acid
The service life of battery and lead-acid batteries is it could even be possible to be intended to endless or extremely long.
In addition, method of the invention or polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, make lead-acid accumulator
The electrochemistry being not limited solely in commonly work cycle charge-discharge operation with electrochemical reaction process experienced in the process is anti-
Process is answered, this makes the positive electrode of lead-acid accumulator, negative electrode, electrolyte, collector, fluid confluence, liquid/solid interface, solid/Gu Jie
The variation for being conducive to make waste lead-acid accumulators problem to achieve a solution, improving performances of the lead-acid battery has occurred in face etc.,
To which corrosion (including but not limited to electrode, fluid confluence, collector corrosion), the early stage capacity damage of lead-acid accumulator can also be made
The problems such as mistake, electrode passivation, active material and collector poor contact, is improved, is repaired, being eliminated, being reversed, being inhibited, being prevented,
Enhancing battery resists the ability for overcharging electrical lesion, substitution or reduces the needs to battery overcharge and avoid or reduce because of overcharge
Caused by battery dehydration, the variation of electrode potential and electrode environmental condition in operation, can also have to sulfation eliminate,
It reverses or improves, repair, enhancing battery resists the ability of charge less electricity, over-discharge electrical lesion, to be also beneficial to significantly improve
The service life of lead-acid accumulator and battery pack.
Positive and negative electrode polarity of the invention, which inverts and subsequent charges, or charge and discharge is electrically operated is also beneficial to pass through electrochemical reaction
Process and solve electrode active material that lead-acid accumulator occurs in charge and discharge or use process and be detached from, connect with electrode current collecting body
Touch bad problem.
Operation is distinguished to lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, i.e., to each monocell, the Mou Xiedan in battery pack or battery
It is electrically operated that battery, partial electrode individually carry out the of the invention reversion of positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge, is conducive to
The consistency of capacity each other between monocell, improves or extends the service life of battery or battery pack in maintenance, adjustment battery pack.
Lead-acid accumulator or lead-acid battery group, when its positive electrode and negative electrode is anode, the general electrode of cathode, production and
Recycling has the characteristics that greater efficiency, lower cost, and carries out polarity reversion and subsequent charging of the invention to it or and put
Electrically operated can be improved or prolong its service life, and the technical solution for the electrode for keeping its anode, cathode general is carried out, and make
It is with practicability.
Implement that of the invention polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated to be conducive to improve or realize by circuit
Efficiency, accuracy, convenience, practicability, validity, feasibility of operation etc..
Positive and negative electrode polarity reversion of the invention and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, it helps solve (including repair
Answer, reverse, eliminate, inhibit, prevent) or improve, shadow relevant to chemistry or electrochemical reaction process in other lead-acid accumulators
The problem of ringing lead-acid accumulator service life.
In conclusion method of the invention is applied to lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, plumbic acid can be significantly improved or extended
The service life of battery or battery pack.
In addition, positive and negative electrode polarity reversion of the invention and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated when being applied to chemical synthesis technology,
Be conducive to alleviate or avoid overcharging technique to the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack in traditional lead acid batteries chemical synthesis technology
Negative effect, improve the active material utilization of lead-acid accumulator to the initial capacity of battery or battery pack, ensure that tool
Have positive and negative anodes current electrode, in the cycle charge-discharge course of work repeatedly, interspersed carry out polarity reversion and subsequent charging
Or the cycle charge-discharge working performance of the electrically operated lead-acid accumulator or battery pack of charge and discharge is opposite before and after each secondary polarity inverts
Claim.Positive and negative electrode polarity of the invention, which inverts and subsequent charges, or charge and discharge is electrically operated also contributes to improving lead-acid accumulator or electricity
Active material utilization of the pond group in On The Cycle Working Process is to the capacity in battery or battery pack use process.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is operating discharge capacity and the operating discharge end of 2 lead-acid accumulator cycle charge-discharge of embodiment of the present invention work
Only voltage data figure.
Fig. 2 is the operating discharge capacity and operating discharge of 3 lead-acid batteries cycle charge-discharge of embodiment of the present invention work
Final voltage datagram.
Fig. 3 be 3 lead-acid batteries of the embodiment of the present invention during its 23-28 times cycle charge-discharge course of work and
The reversion of single positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging that intert during the process or the electric current in charge and discharge operating process, voltage
Datagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technology contents of the invention, feature and effect are described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The voltage rating of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack is U, rated capacity C2(2h rate, 25 DEG C), C5(5h
Rate, 25 DEG C) or C20(20h rate, 25 DEG C), wherein U=2V, 4V, 6V, 12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, 60V or 72V, 240V, 360V,
480V, 600V, C2=6.5Ah, 12Ah, 14Ah, 16Ah, 20Ah, 24Ah, 30Ah or 32Ah, alternatively, C5=8.6Ah, 15.9Ah,
18.6Ah, 21.2Ah, 26.5Ah, 31.9Ah, 39.8Ah or 42.5Ah are alternatively, C20=10.4Ah, 19.2Ah, 22.4Ah,
25.6Ah, 32Ah, 38.4Ah, 48Ah or 51.2Ah.The present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack just extremely electrode A 1,
A2 ..., An (n=positive integer), and be connected to the output terminal A of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, the present embodiment lead
Acid accumulator or the cathode of battery pack be electrode B 1, B2 ..., Bn (n=positive integer), and be connected to the present embodiment lead acid storage battery
The output terminal B of pond or battery pack.The tool of the method for the service life of raising or extension the present embodiment lead-acid battery or battery pack
Gymnastics conduct, after the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack carried out 1 time or more cycle charge-discharge work, due to this reality
The reasons such as cycle charge discharge, overcharge, charge less electricity, the high active substance utilization rate of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack are applied, this is caused
Embodiment lead-acid accumulator or the operating discharge capacity of battery pack are because of positive material(PAM) softening or/and fall off, sulfation, blunt
One in the reasons such as change, early stage capacitance loss, active material and collector poor contact, the contraction of negative electrode active material specific surface area
Kind or it is a variety of cause the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or the operating discharge capacity of battery pack to decline, then whenever the present embodiment plumbic acid stores
Battery or the operating discharge capacity of battery pack drop to its rated capacity C2、C5Or C2060%, 75%, 80%, 90% or
Charging voltage climbing speed is accelerated when 95% or in the cycle charge discharge course of work of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
When 10%, 15%, 20%, 30% or 50% or when cycle operation reaches certain number, start to the present embodiment plumbic acid
Battery or battery pack are automatic or/and manually carry out phase polarity reversion twice in succession and subsequent charging or charge and discharge behaviour
Make, that is, operation (1) step: antipole is carried out to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack with a constant current source or/and voltage source
Charging, the electric current of antipole charging are C2、C5、0.5C20、0.3C2、3C2Or 5C5One of or the charging of a variety of or antipole voltage
For one of 0.5U, U, 1.5U, 2U or a variety of so that the electrode A 1 of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, A2 ...,
The polarity of An by original positive polarity be inverted to negative polarity, electrode B 1, B2 ..., the polarity of Bn it is anti-by original negative polarity
Change into positive polarity (this is inverted for the first time polarity of current period), then, operate (2) step: to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or
Battery pack continues charge and discharge, and charge or discharge electric current is C2、C5、0.5C20、0.3C2、3C2Or 5C5One of or it is a variety of
Or charge or discharge voltage is one of 0.5U, U, 1.5U, 2U or a variety of, so that the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
Electrode A 1, A2 ..., occur on An acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction charging or/and exoelectrical reaction process, electrode B 1,
B2 ..., the charging or/and exoelectrical reaction process of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction occur on Bn, when to the present embodiment plumbic acid
Battery or the electricity of battery pack charge or discharge reach 4C2、3C5、0.5C20、0.3C2、3C2Or 5C5When or voltage reach
When 0.6U, U, 1.2U, 2.1U, (3) step is operated: then with 3C2、2.5C5、0.5C20、0.8C2、6C2Or 2C5One in electric current
Kind or a variety of pairs of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulators or battery pack carry out antipole charging, so that this implementation lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
Electrode A 1, A2 ..., discharge process that the reaction of plumbic acid acid accumulator negative electrode occurs on An, electrode B 1, B2 ..., on Bn
Occur lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction discharge process, until electrode A 1, A2 ... the polarity of An is inverted by negative polarity
At positive polarity, electrode B 1, B2 ..., the polarity of Bn by positive polarity is inverted to negative polarity (this is anti-for second of the polarity of current period
Turn), it then operates (4) step: charging or charge and discharge being continued to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, charges or puts
Electric current is C2、2C5、0.5C20、0.1C2、3C2Or 0.05C5One of or a variety of or charging voltage be 0.7U, 0.9U,
One of 1.1U, 1.7U or a variety of, charge and discharge are direct current or pulse charge and discharge, so that the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery
The electrode A 1 of group, A2 ..., occur on An lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction charging or/and discharge process, electrode B 1,
B2 ..., charging or the/discharge process of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction occur on Bn, this process stores the present embodiment plumbic acid
Battery or battery set charge/discharge is charged or/and the electricity of electric discharge is when reaching certain value, such as 6C2、3C5、2C20、8C2、3C2、
0.5C2Or 2C5Or battery or battery voltage be when reaching certain value, such as 0.7U, 0.9U, 1.05U or 1.4U, this implementation
Example lead-acid accumulator or battery pack operating discharge capacity or ability to work are restored or improve, and terminate the current period twice in succession
Positive and negative electrode sex reversal and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, then put into the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
Work or use are gone in cycle operation.In this way, it is similar, according to the raising of the present embodiment or extension lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
Method, as needed or setting, (for example, in a manner of providing cycle operation number) in due course, periodically or non-periodically is to this
Embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack carry out the polarity reversion of a phase or more phases twice in succession between certain twice cycle operation
And subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated, make the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack there is no batteries to lose liquid, short circuit, disconnected
In the case where road, grid mechanical failure etc., effectively improves, repairs, reverses, eliminates, inhibits, prevents positive material(PAM) softening
Or/and it falls off, electrode passivation, burn into early stage capacitance loss, sulfation, active material and collector poor contact, cathode ratio
The problems such as surface area shrinkage, thus repeatedly, it is multiple make the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack operating discharge capacity or
Ability to work is repaired, restored or is improved, to improve or extend the use longevity of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
Life.
The present embodiment lead-acid accumulator includes but is not limited to surface plate grating lead-acid accumulator, tube type lead-acid accumulator, complete
Tube type lead-acid accumulator, spirally wound lead acid battery, bipolar lead acid battery or horizontal lead cloth, cystosepiment grating, column
Formula has and stablizes gap body electric pole type lead-acid accumulator or valve controlled sealed lead-acid accumulator, gelled lead acid battery, lead carbon
Batt battery, supercapacitor-lead-acid accumulator (superbattery) battery, it is one such or a variety of.
The present embodiment lead-acid accumulator positive and negative electrode is positive and negative anodes current electrode, including but not limited to, including swelling agent
Anode or/and cathode, its electrode active material or active matter formula in include swelling agent positive and negative anodes current electrode or/and
Anode or/and cathode, the positive and negative anodes current electrode each other with identical active material or identical active matter formula, each other equivalence
Positive and negative anodes current electrode, be each other same or identical positive and negative anodes current electrode, it is one such or a variety of.It is described swollen
Swollen dose is used to prevent, inhibit, improves electrode specific surface area contraction or the contraction of electrode active material specific surface area, the swelling agent packet
It includes but is not limited to: barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, silica, silicate, humic acid, lignosulphonates, it is one such or a variety of.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the above-mentioned barium sulfate of the present embodiment is in active material or active matter formula
In mass percentage be 0.01% or more, 0.02% or more, 0.03% or more, 0.05% or more, 0.08% or more,
0.1% or more, 0.2% or more, 0.3% or more, 0.4% or more, 0.5% or more, 0.6% or more, 0.8% or more, 1.0% with
On, it is one such or a variety of.
The present embodiment method makes the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack be significantly improved or be extended, when electric discharge is deep
Spend (DOD) when including but is not limited to 1-100%, the present embodiment method make the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack improve or
Extend to 1.3 times or more -10 times or more, or/and, cycle life is improved or is extended 50 times or more -500 times or more, 500 times
It is -3000 times or more above, one such or a variety of.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is related to improving or extending the method for lead-acid accumulator service life, battery charging and discharging device, lead acid storage battery
Pond electrode current collecting body, lead plaster, lead-acid battery electrode and lead-acid accumulator, wherein the charge and discharge electrical device of the present embodiment has plumbic acid
The positive and negative electrode of battery carries out polarity reversion and subsequent charging or the electrically operated function of charge and discharge and may be programmed execution function, this
Embodiment battery charging and discharging device realizes its output end by the contact open and close state transformation of the relay circuit included by it
The polarity of positive and negative electrode inverts, to work as the present embodiment battery charging and discharging device output end and the present embodiment lead-acid battery electrode phase
After connection, the present embodiment battery charging and discharging device can by the polarity of its output end invert and polarity reversion after charging, charging or
Charge and discharge is electrically operated and charging or charge and discharge after the reversion of positive and negative electrode polarity, polarity reversion are carried out to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator
Operation, the operation that all pairs of batteries of following the present embodiment carry out are the present embodiment battery charge and discharge in addition to illustrating manually
What electric appliance was realized by its function and work.
The voltage rating of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is 2V, and design rated capacity is 821mAh (2h rate, 25 DEG C), this reality
Applying a lead-acid accumulator includes two panels surface plate grating electrode, which is positive and negative anodes current electrode (i.e. anode, cathode
General electrode), it while being also same or identical positive and negative anodes current electrode, that is, do not consider to generate when manufacturing electrode
Foozle (presence or influence of excluding, exclude, removing foozle), two panels the present embodiment lead-acid battery electrode exist
By before being melted into, constitute each other in all electrodes, manufacture view (such as electrode structure, appearance, collector, lead paste formula and lead plaster
Quality, manufacture technology etc.) it is identical, after being melted into, two plate electrode be then respectively formed anode and cathode, by this two
Plate electrode is respectively defined as electrode A, electrode B, and when most starting, electrode A is carried out battery as anode, electrode B as cathode
It is melted into and works, AGM partition is separated between two plate electrode, the collector of two plate electrode of the present embodiment is surface plate grating
Collector includes ball milling lead powder, BaSO in lead paste formula4(0.8%, mass percent, relative to ball milling lead powder), sulfuric acid, water,
Staple fiber, averagely the active material quality on every plate electrode are 13.41g, and the sulfuric acid solution in the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is close
Degree is 1.27g/cm3, the present embodiment, which is excluded or prevented, loses the factors such as liquid, open circuit, short circuit, mechanical failure, test failure to this
The interference of embodiment implementation process and result of implementation.
The present embodiment improves or extends the method for lead-acid accumulator service life are as follows: firstly, the present embodiment battery is allowed to carry out
Cycle charge-discharge work, working system are as follows: after battery is in charging when state, battery is put with the constant current of 371mA
Electricity is stopped electric discharge, is then charged with the constant current of 222mA to it as cell voltage≤1.75V, and is worked as and measured battery
After voltage reaches 2.65V, it is converted into continuing to charge to battery with 2.65V constant pressure, (constant current, constant pressure) charging total time is 7 twice
Hours 24 points (have specified otherwise except), then, then discharge process above-mentioned repeated with the constant current of 371mA, repeatedly
Electric discharge, charging, make circulating battery work, and cell operating conditions temperature is 25 ± 1 DEG C.Secondly, working as the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator
(for example, what is set in the present embodiment is respectively when working cycles number reaches the numerical value of a certain setting in above-mentioned cycle operation
15th time, the 31st time ...), stop the work of battery, start to carry out battery single positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and thereafter
Charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated, after the completion of the operation, so that battery is worked under original working system and keep polarity anti-
Anode before turning is worked after polarity reversion as cathode, the battery cathode before polarity reversion is made after polarity reversion
It works for anode, the single positive and negative electrode polarity until triggering or starting next time inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge behaviour
Make, so repeatedly, interts ground in the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator On The Cycle Working Process, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is carried out
The reversion of single positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, make the electrode A of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator sometimes
It works for anode work, sometimes as cathode, corresponding electrode B is used as cathode work, sometimes as anode work sometimes, to change
It is apt to, repairs, eliminates, reverses, inhibits or prevents the positive material(PAM) softening of this implementation battery or/and falls off, cathode specific surface
Product contraction, electrode/collector/fluid confluence burn into passivation, early stage capacitance loss, sulfation, active material are contacted with collector
It is one or more in bad problem, improve the operating discharge charging ability of the present embodiment battery after each operation,
Restore, improve or safeguard, to realize raising or extend the service life of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator.The present embodiment battery
On The Cycle Working Process also implemented (below to battery by charging, discharging function possessed by the present embodiment battery charging and discharging device
All operations and measurement in addition to illustrate be it is outer manually, be through this embodiment battery charging and discharging device progress program setting,
Execute realization).
By upper, initially set up when the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator operating discharge number reaches and completes the 15th time, the 31st time
When, stop battery and works and start to carry out battery single positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge behaviour
Make.As shown in Figure 1, the electrode condition of the present embodiment battery is A+/B- in the 1-15 times cycle operation, sent out in electrode A at this time
Raw anode electrode reacts, and negative electrode reaction occurs in electrode B, in the 1-15 times cycle operation, the present embodiment battery is put
Capacitance totally tends to reduce, and on inspection, this is primarily due to caused by positive material(PAM) softening, the effect of falling off (with lead
The BaSO of high-content in cream4, high active substance utilization rate, deep discharge it is related, it is similar below), after the 15th electric discharge, electric discharge
Capacity is 942mAh.At this time according to program setting, the present embodiment battery charging and discharging device is automatically stopped the work of battery, to battery into
The preparation and formal operation that row first time single positive and negative electrode polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, that is, the 15th
After task discharges (cell voltage is 1.75V at this time), stops battery work, battery is continued to put with 371mA constant current
Electricity 1 hour, this process makes cell voltage be down to 0.04V, then stops electric discharge, and the polarity for carrying out its positive and negative electrode to the battery is anti-
Turn, i.e., (the polarity reversion of charge and discharge electrical output terminal is to pass through charge and discharge for the polarity reversion of charge and discharge electrical output terminal through this embodiment
What relay circuit contact open and close state transformation in electric appliance was realized), by the connection status of charge and discharge electric appliance and lead-acid accumulator from
Charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end is connect with lead-acid battery electrode A, charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end and lead-acid battery electrode B connect
It connects, changes at charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end is connect with lead-acid battery electrode A, charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end and plumbic acid store
Battery electrode B connection, after the transformation of this connection status, the cell voltage measured is negative value, then, with the constant current of 186mA to even
The present embodiment battery after connecing state transformation charges, and cell voltage is made to rise to 0V from negative value and then rise to 1.75V again
(reversion of the present embodiment battery first time polarity occurs during this, during wherein cell voltage rises to 0V from negative value, electrode
The discharge process of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction occurs on A, putting for acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction occurs in electrode B
The charging of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction occurs in electrode A during rising to 1.75V from 0V for electric process, cell voltage
The charging process of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction occurs in process, electrode B), after cell voltage reaches 1.75V, continue
2.65V is charged to battery with the constant current of 222mA, is then charged the battery 4 hours 16 with the constant voltage of 2.65V again
Point, it is then discharged with 371mA constant current battery, until 1.75V, then, then with the constant current of 222mA battery is filled
Electricity, until cell voltage reaches 2.65V and is changed to 2.65V to battery progress constant-voltage charge 5 hours, it is so far, complete after charging
The reversion of first time single positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge of pairs of the present embodiment battery are electrically operated, at this time battery
Electrode condition changed into A-/B+ from A+/B-.Then, so that electrode A is worked as cathode, electrode B as anode into
Row work, make the battery reenter under the same electric discharge-charging cycle working system carry out the 16th task electric discharge and later
The cycle operation of number.The result shows that electrically operated through the reversion of first time single positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge
Afterwards, discharge capacity of the present embodiment battery under the 16th cycle operation state is 888.3mAh.This time polarity reversion after with electricity
This section is in the process 7031mAh to the charging capacity of battery before cycle operation is restored in pond.
Run the continuation of the present embodiment battery under working system, as shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment battery the
In 16-31 cycle operation, the electrode condition of the present embodiment battery is A-/B+, and negative electrode reaction occurs in electrode A at this time,
Anode electrode reaction occurs in electrode B, in the 16-31 times cycle operation of the present embodiment battery, discharge capacity is from 888.3mAh
It is changed to 905mAh, wherein it is because logical before this electric discharge that discharge capacity, which increases to 987.6mAh, in the 27th task circulation
Manual intervention is crossed to have carried out an overcharge to battery (i.e. 2.65V constant voltage charging time than under moderate working system more 10 is small
When), the working system of other cycle-indexes is constant.At the end of the 31st cycle operation is discharged, according to program setting, touch at this time
The beginning condition electrically operated to the progress polarity reversion of battery positive and negative electrode and subsequent charging or charge and discharge, therefore, the present embodiment are sent out
Charge and discharge electric appliance has automatically started to carry out battery second of single positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge behaviour
The preparation and formal operation of work, that is, after the electric discharge of the 31st task (cell voltage is 1.75V at this time), the present embodiment fills
Discharger stops battery work, continues electric discharge 1 hour to battery with 371mA constant current, this process is down to cell voltage
Then 0.02V stops electric discharge, the polarity for carrying out its positive and negative electrode to the battery inverts, i.e., charge and discharge electric appliance exports through this embodiment
(the polarity reversion of charge and discharge electrical output terminal is by the relay circuit contact open and close shape in charge and discharge electric appliance for the polarity reversion at end
State transformation is realized), by the connection status of charge and discharge electric appliance and lead-acid accumulator from charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end and lead acid storage battery
The connection of pond electrode B, charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end are connect with lead-acid battery electrode A, are changed into charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end
It is connect with lead-acid battery electrode A, charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end is connect with lead-acid battery electrode B, the transformation of this connection status
Afterwards, the cell voltage measured is then negative value fills the transformed the present embodiment battery of connection status with the constant current of 186mA
Electricity 15 minutes, then charged the battery with the constant current of 371mA, so that cell voltage is risen to 0V from negative value and then is risen to again
(second of the polarity reversion of the present embodiment battery occurs for 2.65V, wherein cell voltage rises to 0V process from negative value during this
In, the discharge process of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction occurs in electrode A, lead acid battery positive electrode electrode occurs in electrode B
The discharge process of reaction, it is anti-that during rising to 2.65V from 0V lead acid battery positive electrode electrode occurs for cell voltage in electrode A
The charging process of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction occurs in the charging process answered, electrode B), then again with 2.65V constant voltage
It charges 4 hours to battery, then battery is carried out with the constant current of 371mA again to be discharged to 1.75V, then, then with the perseverance of 222mA
Current versus cell carry out charging 7 hours 25 points, then again with 2.65V constant voltage to battery charge 7 hours 25 points, so far, complete
It is to the reversion of second of single positive and negative electrode polarity of the present embodiment battery and subsequent charging or charge and discharge electrically operated, battery at this time
Electrode condition is changed into A+/B- from A-/B+.Then, electrode A is made to be worked as anode, electrode B is carried out as cathode
Work, make the battery reenter under the same electric discharge-charging cycle working system carry out the 32nd task electric discharge and it is secondary later
Several cycle operations.The result shows that after second of single positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated,
Capacity is 1189mAh when electric discharge of the battery under the 32nd cycle operation state, this should be inverted with polarity after to battery
It is fully charged related, this time polarity reversion after be to total charging capacity of battery between battery recovery cycle operation
6659mAh.Run battery continuation under working system, as shown in Figure 1, in the 32-45 times cycle operation, this reality
The electrode condition for applying a battery is A+/B-, at this time happens is that anode electrode reacts, happens is that cathode in electrode B in electrode A
Electrode reaction, discharge capacity of the present embodiment battery in the 32-45 times cycle operation drop to 787mAh from 1189mAh.
In the cycle charge discharge course of work of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, repeatedly, repeatedly, interspersedly carry out the present embodiment
It is similar to as described above for the first time or secondary single positive and negative electrode polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, i.e.,
The present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is realized between the 45th, 46 time of working cycles number in its On The Cycle Working Process, the 55th, 56
Between secondary, between the 64th, 65 time, between the 73rd, 74 time, between the 82nd, 83 time, between the 94th, 95 time, the 104th, 105 take second place
Between carry out or carried out third time, the 4th time ..., the reversion of the 9th single positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging
Or charge and discharge is electrically operated.Fig. 1 acceptance of the bid shows the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator and is passing through each secondary single positive and negative electrode polarity of the present embodiment
Before or after reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, in the cycle charge discharge course of work, electrode A, the polarization state of B
Or polar orientation situation.The present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is at the 46th time and later in the cycle operation system of number, charging method
It is altered to, after operating discharge, is then charged with the constant current of 222mA to it, and reach when measuring cell voltage
After 2.65V, be converted into continuing with 2.65V constant pressure charging to battery, twice (constant current, constant pressure) charging total time be 8 hours 24 points.
As shown in Figure 1, the operating discharge capacity of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator all gets a promotion or restores on year-on-year basis.One side
Face is as described above, the reversion of positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charge and discharge or charge and discharge of the present embodiment are electrically operated so that the present embodiment lead
The positive material(PAM) softening of acid accumulator, falling off is enhanced, repairs, reversing, eliminating, inhibiting, preventing, so that this implementation
It is improved or is restored after the operating discharge capacity operation in example lead-acid accumulator cycle operation, another aspect, this implementation
The reversion of positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charge and discharge or charge and discharge of example are electrically operated, also necessarily worked to the present embodiment circulating battery
Occur in journey, slight electrode passivation, early stage capacitance loss, the burn into active material that occurs or will occur is contacted with collector
The problem of bad, cathode specific surface area shrinks, sulfation has the function of improvement, reparation, reverse, supression, elimination, prevention,
For example, since electrode A, B alternately and repeatedly carry out charge-discharge cycle work as positive or negative pole, so that being produced when as anode work
Raw electrode corrosion problem is improved when electrode carries out charge-discharge cycle work as cathode, is repaired, is reversed, thus but also
The etching problem of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator in the long-term use is delayed, is improved, is repaired, is reversed, is prevented, at this
In the embodiment lead-acid accumulator normal circulation course of work, periodically or non-periodically (for example, the side to provide cycle operation number
Formula), the positive and negative electrode polarity reversion of the present embodiment interspersedly is carried out to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator and subsequent charge and discharge or is filled
Discharge operation, it will effective improvement is repaired, reversed, eliminating, inhibiting, preventing positive material(PAM) softening or/and fall off, electricity
Pole passivation, burn into early stage capacitance loss, sulfation, active material and collector poor contact, the contraction of cathode specific surface area are asked
Topic, to improve or extend the service life of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator.
In the present embodiment, fast charging and discharging pulse current also can be used, pulse voltage carries out the anode of this example, cathode
Polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated.
Some experimental datas in the present embodiment show after each single polarity reversion of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator and its
The degree and the present embodiment of the operating discharge capacity restoration of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator after charging or charge and discharge afterwards is electrically operated
Normal or charge-discharge cycle compared with high discharge capacity can be continuously kept to work after each operating discharge capacity restoration of lead-acid accumulator
Number (i.e. after the reversion of each single polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated between the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator institute it is normal
Or the charge-discharge cycle number of higher work discharge capacity) and correspondingly each single polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge
Electric current employed in operation, voltage, time, charge/discharge capacity, pulse or direct current, the internal resistance of battery, density of electrolyte, electrolysis
The size of liquid degree of saturation, the difference of mode and it is different.
By the specific capacity of existing commercialization power electric lead-acid accumulator battery positive electrode active material under nominal operating conditions
61mAh/g (2h rate, 25 DEG C) is calculated, and the rated capacity of the present embodiment lead-acid battery electrode is 821mAh (according to aforementioned reality
Apply the active material mass average value of single electrode of lead-acid accumulator), if discharge capacity when defining 100% depth of discharge
The judgment basis terminated when continuous 80% (657mAh) for being lower than rated capacity or rated capacity three times as battery,
Then as shown in Figure 1, according to the 1-15 times discharge capacity attenuation trend line be believed that the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator without
When the reversion of the present embodiment positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or electrically operated charge and discharge, service life substantially will be respectively 25
It is secondary and 36 times.However in fact, the present embodiment battery inverts and subsequent charges through the positive and negative electrode polarity of the present embodiment or charge and discharge
After electrically operated, the operating discharge capacity of battery remains on rated capacity after the 111st cycle operation, and battery makes
It is raised significantly or is extended with the service life, in addition, the case where exclusion makes the factors such as short circuit, open circuit, dehydration, the pollution of battery failure
Under, the present embodiment improves or extends the method for lead-acid accumulator service life, and the service life of this example lead-acid accumulator is made to exist
Continue to obtain bigger raising or extension on the basis of 111 circulations.The present embodiment lead-acid battery electrode is as anode work
When active material utilization be apparently higher than the active material utilization of existing commercial power lead-acid storage battery positive electrode, mainly
It is related with the thickness of the present embodiment electrode, collector construction.
Two plate electrodes of the present embodiment lead acid storage battery are also positive and negative anodes current electrode of equal value each other, because in electrode quilt
After chemical conversion, the two function having the same and performance, but in actual use, polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated
The variation and difference of the factors such as system, cycle operation system will lead to the two and difference occur in the performance of function and performance.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the above-mentioned surface plate grating lead-acid accumulator of the present embodiment can be replaced with
Other type lead-acid accumulators with identical capacity, same recipe, other type lead-acid accumulators include but is not limited to:
Tube type lead-acid accumulator, full tube type lead-acid accumulator, spirally wound lead acid battery, bipolar lead acid battery or horizontal lead cloth
Formula, pillar, has and stablizes gap body electric pole type lead-acid accumulator or valve controlled sealed lead-acid accumulator, colloid cystosepiment grating
Lead-acid accumulator, lead carbon battery battery, supercapacitor-lead-acid accumulator (superbattery) battery, it is one such or
A variety of, the above method of the present embodiment can be applied to other type lead-acid accumulators.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, pulse current can be used, pulse voltage replaces direct current, constant voltage
Carry out this example polarity twice in succession reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge operating procedure in polarity reversion and subsequent
Charging or charge and discharge step or process, thus be conducive to improve the present embodiment lead acid accumulator pole sex reversal and subsequent charging or
The electrically operated timeliness of charge and discharge, efficiency.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator includes anode, cathode, alternatively, this reality
Applying a lead-acid accumulator positive and negative electrode is positive and negative anodes current electrode, the anode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, cathode, positive and negative
Pole current electrode, including but not limited to, anode or/and cathode, its electrode active material or active material including swelling agent are matched
Positive and negative anodes current electrode or/and anode or/and cathode in side including swelling agent have identical active material or identical work each other
Property material formula positive and negative anodes current electrode, each other of equal value positive and negative anodes current electrode, each other for it is same or it is identical just
Cathode current electrode, it is one such or a variety of.The swelling agent be used to prevent, inhibit, improves electrode specific surface area contraction or
Electrode active material specific surface area is shunk, and the swelling agent includes but is not limited to: barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, silica, silicic acid
Salt, humic acid, lignosulphonates, it is one such or a variety of.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the above-mentioned barium sulfate of the present embodiment is in active material or active matter formula
In mass percentage be 0.01% or more, 0.02% or more, 0.03% or more, 0.05% or more, 0.08% or more,
0.1% or more, 0.2% or more, 0.3% or more, 0.4% or more, 0.5% or more, 0.6% or more, 0.8% or more, 1.0% with
On, it is one such or a variety of.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, reduces the percentage composition of barium sulfate in lead plaster, increases on fixed electrode
The mechanical force of lead plaster increases the additive for slowing down active material softening, falling off in lead plaster, and other implementation methods or process are not
Become, so that after each single polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, the operating discharge capacity attenuation of battery
Speed slows down.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the polarity reverse turn operation of the present embodiment battery charging and discharging device output end,
Also the control circuit of battery charging and discharging device circuit manages the thyristor in control electrode sex reversal execution circuit through this embodiment
Polarity reversion of the switching state transformation to realize or by being made of in management control execution circuit transistor, inductance, capacitor
The working condition transformation of circuit is to realize or by the forced electric discharge of management control constant-current source or constant pressure source, forced charge movement
Transformation is to realize.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the present embodiment is improved to or is extended the side of lead-acid accumulator service life
Method is applied to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, and the voltage rating of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries is 12V, rated capacity is
20Ah is implemented in operation in method, mainly to making in the setting and execution of the numerical value of voltage, electric current, capacity in operation etc.
Corresponding variation e.g. after lead-acid batteries are carried out antipole charging and polarity reversion is caused to occur, makes electricity to battery pack charging
Pond group voltage stops charging after rising to 8V, 10.8V, 13.3V, 15.5V, and charging current is 0.3 multiplying power, 0.5 multiplying power, 1
Multiplying power, 2 multiplying powers.
The present embodiment method makes the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack be significantly improved or be extended, when electric discharge is deep
Spend (DOD) when including but is not limited to 1-100%, the present embodiment method make the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack improve or
Extend to 1.3 times or more -10 times or more, or/and, cycle life is improved or is extended 50 times or more -500 times or more, 500 times
It is -3000 times or more above, one such or a variety of.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment lead-acid batteries are full tube type lead-acid accumulator group, and voltage rating 4V, rated capacity is
539mAh(C3.5, 3.5h rate, 25 DEG C) and it is connected in series by two mutually the same full tube type lead-acid accumulators, every full tubular type
All electrodes of lead-acid accumulator are tubular pole, and those tubular poles are positive and negative anodes current electrode (i.e. anode, cathode
General electrode), and those pipe type positive/negative current electrodes are identical on electrode structure and active matter formula, each tubular type is just
The casing interior diameter of cathode current electrode is 6.3mm, casing height is 75mm (including pipe close), and lead-Calcium alloy is conductive in casing
Bone core diameter is 2.5mm, and every full tube type lead-acid accumulator includes 3 pipe type positive/negative current electrodes, for the ease of this implementation
Example subsequent explanation, by 6 pipe type positive/negative current electrodes of the present embodiment lead storage battery group be respectively designated as electrode A 1, A2,
A3, A4, B1, B2, this 6 electrodes arrangement mode in every full tube type lead-acid accumulator in the present embodiment lead-acid batteries
Are as follows: electrode B 1 is clipped between electric A1, A2 or electrode B 2 is clipped between electrode A 3, A4, living in electrode A 1 or A2 or A3 or A4 casing
Property substance quality be 5.8g, the active material quality in electrode B 1 or B2 casing is 5.5g, electrode A 1, A2, A3,
Active material in A4, B1, B2 is made of ball milling lead powder, barium sulfate (being 0.8wt% relative to ball milling lead powder), this is implemented
Two output terminals of example lead-acid batteries are respectively designated as battery terminal A, B, and wherein battery terminal A is connected to electrode
A1 or A2 or A3 or A4, battery terminal B are connected to electrode B 1 or B2, and the present embodiment lead-acid batteries are followed its most initial
During ring charge/discharge operation, electrode A 1, A2, A3, A4 carry out cycle operation (i.e. electrode in On The Cycle Working Process as anode
A1, A2, A3, A4 it is upper happens is that lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction charge and discharge process), electrode B 1, B2 as cathode into
Row cycle operation (i.e. in On The Cycle Working Process electrode B 1, B2 it is upper happens is that acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction charge and discharge
Process), i.e., the polarity of battery terminal A is positive at this time, the polarity of battery terminal B is negative, be expressed as A+/B- (similarly, when
The polarity of battery terminal A is negative, the polarity of battery terminal B is timing, is expressed as A-/B+), between positive and negative tubular pole
It is separated with partition, the density for the electrolyte sulfuric acid solution that the present embodiment lead-acid batteries use is 1.27g/cm3, the present embodiment row
It removes or prevents and lose the factors such as liquid, open circuit, short circuit, mechanical failure, test failure to the present embodiment implementation process and result of implementation
Interference.
It improves or the method for the service life of extension the present embodiment lead-acid batteries is, whenever the present embodiment lead acid storage battery
When pond group cycle operation is to certain certain number or operating discharge charging ability due to positive material(PAM) softening or/and falls off, bears
Ultimate ratio surface area shrinkage, collector or the passivation of fluid confluence burn into, early stage capacitance loss, sulfation, active material and collector
One of the problems such as poor contact or it is a variety of and when declining to a certain extent, i.e., it is automatic or/and manually to the present embodiment lead
The positive and negative electrode of acid accumulator group carries out a single polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, with improvement, reparation,
It reverses, prevent, inhibiting, eliminating since positive material(PAM) softening, the contraction of cathode specific surface area, electrode passivation, burn into early stage hold
Measure loss, sulfation, active material and operating discharge appearance caused by collector poor contact is one such or many reasons
The problem of amount or ability to work decline, end of life, make the operating discharge capacity or work of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries
Make ability to restore or improve, then after the secondary polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, makes the present embodiment plumbic acid
Battery group is put into cycle charge-discharge work again with the polarity of electrode state after the secondary polarity reversion and goes to carry out cycle operation,
It is electrically operated until starting next positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge.It is described in secondary polarity reversion and thereafter
Charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated after, make the present embodiment lead-acid batteries with the polarity of electrode state after secondary polarity reversion again
Investment cycle charge-discharge work in go carry out cycle operation, for example, if the electrode A 1 of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, A2, A3,
A4 be before secondary polarity reversion carried out as anode cycle operation (i.e. in On The Cycle Working Process electrode A 1, on A2, A3, A4
The charge and discharge process of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction occurs), then after the secondary polarity reversion, electrode A 1, A2, A3, A4 are
As cathode carry out charge-discharge cycle work (i.e. in On The Cycle Working Process electrode A 1, lead-acid storage battery negative occurs on A2, A3, A4
The charge and discharge process of pole electrode reaction), if corresponding electrode B 1, B2 are to carry out circulation industrial as cathode before the secondary polarity reversion
Make (electrode B 1 i.e. in On The Cycle Working Process, the charge and discharge process that acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction occurs on B2), then at this
It is to carry out cycle operation as anode (on B2 lead-acid accumulator occurs for electrode B 1 i.e. in On The Cycle Working Process after the reversion of secondary polarity
The charge and discharge process of anode electrode reaction), similarly, if electrode A 1, A2, A3, A4 or electrode B 1, B2 are before the secondary polarity reversion
Polarization state or polar orientation in On The Cycle Working Process is conversely, then, electrode A 1, A2, A3, A4 or electrode B 1, B2 are in the secondary pole
Polarization state in On The Cycle Working Process or polar orientation after sex reversal is also on the contrary.It triggers or starts to store the present embodiment plumbic acid
The positive and negative electrode of battery pack carries out the triggering mode that any polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, can be
Manually triggering or program according to the arrival situation of presetting trigger condition and automatic trigger, trigger condition can be certain follow
In ring charge/discharge operation number or cumulative number, charge volume, discharge capacity, charge-discharge velocity, current change quantity, voltage variety etc.
One or more or their calculated value.
The cycle charge-discharge working system that this implementation lead-acid batteries use are as follows: when operating discharge, with 0.283C3.5's
Electric current carries out being discharged to 3.5V, then, with 0.338C3.5Electric current carry out constant-current charge to 5.95V or the time be 9 hours 24 points,
Then it is carried out constant-voltage charge 3 hours with the voltage of 5.3V again, the operating discharge process before then repeating repeatedly, is followed
Ring makes the present embodiment lead-acid batteries cycle charge discharge work.
The present embodiment lead-acid batteries cycle operation and the present embodiment improve or extend the present embodiment lead-acid batteries
The partial results that the method for service life is implemented, as shown in Fig. 2, the present embodiment lead-acid batteries are in On The Cycle Working Process,
Between the 6th, 7 time of its working cycles number, between the 17th, 18 time, between the 25th, 26 time, between the 33rd, 34 time, the 41st,
Carried out between 42 times, between the 56th, 57 time or be followed successively by for the first time, second ... .., the 6th single just,
Negative polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, the positive and negative electrode polarity that carries out or carried out invert and subsequent
Charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated method or process it is as follows:
First time single positive and negative electrode polarity is inverted and subsequent is charged or charge and discharge is electrically operated: when the present embodiment plumbic acid
When battery group is under the charged state after completing the 6th cycle operation, at this point, electrode A 1, the polarity of A2, A3, A4 are positive,
Electrode B 1, the polarity of B2 are negative, and stop the cycle operation of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, by the positive and negative defeated of charging/discharging apparatus
The positive and negative electrode output terminal of outlet and the present embodiment lead-acid batteries at this time carries out antipole connection, that is, charging/discharging apparatus is just
Output end is connect with the negative output terminals (battery terminal B) of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, and bearing for charging/discharging apparatus is defeated
Outlet is connected with the positive output terminals (battery terminal A) of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, after antipole connection, charge and discharge
Equipment measure the present embodiment lead-acid batteries voltage be -5.53V, then, to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries with
The electric current of 458mA charges in the state that the antipole connects, so that the positive and negative electrode of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries exports
The voltage (charging/discharging apparatus measured value, the present embodiment in the same below) at end rises to 0V from -5.53V and rises to 5.8V again, this mistake
The reversion of first time polarity has occurred in the present embodiment lead-acid batteries in journey, that is, during rising to 0V from -5.53V, electrode
A1, A2, A3, A4 are upper main happens is that the upper main generation of discharge process, electrode B 1, the B2 of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction
Be acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction discharge process, and during 0V rises to 5.8V, electrode A 1, A2, A3, A4
Above mainly happens is that the charging process of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction, electrode B 1, B2 are upper main happens is that plumbic acid stores
The charging process of anode electrode reaction is keeping charging/discharging apparatus output end and the present embodiment lead-acid batteries output end
Son connection status it is constant in the case where, then with 152.7mA to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries carry out electric discharge 14 minutes extremely
3.5V, then again with the electric current constant-current charge of 229mA 8 hours to 5.72V, then, then with 152.7mA electric discharge 2 minutes to 4.5V,
Then, then with 114mA constant-current charge 3 hours to 5.5V, the present embodiment lead-acid batteries are then put into cycle operation
In 7th task discharge process, carry out the 7th time or even thereafter until the 17th cycle operation.The present embodiment lead acid storage battery
Pond group is in the 7-17 times cycle operation, and the polarity of battery terminal A is negative, the polarity of electrode cell group terminal B is positive, such as
Shown in Fig. 2, that is, during this, the charge and discharge process of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction occurs in electrode A 1, A2, A3, A4,
The charge and discharge process of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction occurs in electrode B 1, B2.
It is electrically operated for second of single positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge: when the present embodiment plumbic acid
When battery group is under the charged state after completing the 17th cycle operation, at this point, electrode A 1, the polarity of A2, A3, A4 are
Negative, electrode B 1, the polarity of B2 are positive, and stop the cycle operation of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, by the positive and negative of charging/discharging apparatus
The positive and negative electrode output terminal of output end and the present embodiment lead-acid batteries at this time carries out antipole connection, that is, charging/discharging apparatus
Positive output end is connect with the negative output terminal (battery terminal A) of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries at this time, charging/discharging apparatus
Negative output terminal is connected with the positive output terminal (battery terminal B) of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries at this time, after antipole connection,
The voltage that charging/discharging apparatus measures the present embodiment lead-acid batteries is -4.54V, then, to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries
It is charged in the state that the antipole connects with the electric current of 459mA, so that the output voltage of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries
(charging/discharging apparatus measured value, the present embodiment in the same below) rises to 0V from -4.54V and rises to 5.8V again, lasts 4 hours 30
Minute, second of polarity reversion has occurred in the present embodiment lead-acid batteries during this, that is, the mistake of 0V is risen to from -4.54V
Cheng Zhong, electrode A 1, A2, A3, A4 are upper mainly happens is that discharge process, the electrode B 1, B2 of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction
It is upper main happens is that lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction discharge process, and during 0V rises to 5.8V, electrode
A1, A2, A3, A4 are upper mainly happens is that the charging process of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction, the upper main generation of electrode B 1, B2
Be acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction charging process, keeping charging/discharging apparatus output end and the present embodiment lead acid storage battery
In the case that the connection status of pond group output terminal is constant, then discharged the present embodiment lead-acid batteries with 152.7mA
It to 3.5V, then again with the electric current constant-current charge of 229mA 8 hours to 5.41V, then, then is discharged 2 points with 152.7mA within 17 minutes
Clock is to 4.23V, then, then with 114mA constant-current charge 3 hours is then put into the present embodiment lead-acid batteries to 5.26V
In the 18th task discharge process in cycle operation, carry out the 18th time and thereafter until the 25th cycle operation.This
Embodiment lead-acid batteries are in the 18-25 times cycle operation, and the polarity of battery terminal A is positive, electrode cell group terminal
The polarity of B is negative, as shown in Figure 2, that is, during this, lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction occurs in electrode A 1, A2, A3, A4
Charge and discharge process, the charge and discharge process of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction occurs in electrode B 1, B2, that is, battery pack end
Sub- A, B and electrode A 1, the polarization state of A2, A3, A4, B1, B2 or polar orientation have returned to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator
Group most initial carries out state when cycle operation.
In the On The Cycle Working Process of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, repeatedly, repeatedly, interspersedly carry out class as described above
It is similar to the present embodiment for the first time or secondary single positive and negative electrode polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, i.e., in fact
Showed the present embodiment lead-acid batteries between the 25th, 26 time of its working cycles number, between the 33rd, 34 time, the 41st, 42
Between secondary, between the 56th, 57 time ..., X, the third time for carrying out or being carried out between X+1 times, the 4th time, the 5th time,
6th time ... .., the reversion of the Y times single positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated (X, Y are positive integer).
Fig. 2 acceptance of the bid show the present embodiment lead-acid batteries by each secondary single positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or
Before or after charge and discharge is electrically operated, in On The Cycle Working Process, the polarization state or polar orientation situation of battery terminal A, B,
Intert during showing the 23-28 times cycle charge-discharge course of work of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries and the process in Fig. 3 into
Capable third time single positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or the electric current in charge and discharge operating process, voltage change feelings
Condition, the reversion of third time single positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge operating process and first time single positive and negative electrode pole
Sex reversal and subsequent charging or charge and discharge operating process are essentially identical, institute the difference is that, after the activation the phase " with
152.7mA discharge 2 minutes, again with 114mA constant-current charge 3 hours " the step of after the completion of, then with current discharge 2 hours of 153mA
58 minutes, then just the present embodiment lead-acid batteries are put into the 26th cycle operation.
As shown in Fig. 2, after completing each single polarity reversion and subsequent charging or the electrically operated use of charge and discharge, the present embodiment lead
The operating discharge capacity of acid accumulator group all gets a promotion or restores on year-on-year basis, on inspection, this is because the present embodiment is positive and negative
The reversion of pole polarity and subsequent charge and discharge or the electrically operated positive active material for making the present embodiment lead-acid batteries of charge and discharge are soft
Change or/and fall off, electrode passivation, early stage capacitance loss, burn into active material and collector poor contact, cathode specific surface area
One of the problem of contraction or it is a variety of improved, repaired, being reversed, being restrained, being eliminated, being prevented, in the present embodiment lead acid storage battery
It is (for example, in a manner of providing cycle operation number) periodically or non-periodically, interspersed right in the group normal circulation course of work of pond
The present embodiment lead-acid batteries carry out the present embodiment positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charge and discharge or charge and discharge it is electrically operated,
It will effectively improve, repair, reversing, eliminating, inhibiting, preventing positive material(PAM) softening or/and fall off, be passivated, burn into morning
Phase capacitance loss, sulfation, active material and collector poor contact, cathode specific surface area shrink problem, thus improve or
The service life for extending the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, for example, the work due to electrode A 1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2 alternately and repeatedly
Charge-discharge cycle work is carried out for positive or negative pole, so that the electrode corrosion problem generated when as anode work is in electrode as negative
Pole improved, repaired, reversed when charge-discharge cycle work, so that but also the present embodiment lead-acid batteries make for a long time
Delayed with etching problem in the process, improved, repaired, reversed, prevented, to be also beneficial to greatly improve or extend this reality
The service life of a lead-acid batteries is applied, therefore, in factors such as short circuit, open circuit, dehydration, the pollutions for excluding to make battery failure
In the case of, the present embodiment improves or extends the method for lead-acid batteries service life, makes making for this example lead-acid batteries
Continued to obtain bigger raising or extension on the basis of existing significant cyclic number with the service life.
In the present embodiment, fast charging and discharging pulse current also can be used, pulse voltage carries out the anode of this example, cathode
Polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated.
Some experimental datas in the present embodiment show after each single polarity reversion of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries and
Thereafter the degree and this reality of the operating discharge capacity restoration of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries after charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated
Charge-discharge cycle normal or compared with high discharge capacity can be continuously kept after applying each operating discharge capacity restoration of a lead-acid batteries
Work number (i.e. after the reversion of each single polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated between the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator
Group works normally or compared with the charge-discharge cycle number of high discharge capacity) it inverts and subsequent charges with correspondingly each single polarity
Or charge and discharge it is electrically operated employed in electric current, voltage, time, charge/discharge capacity, pulse or direct current, battery or battery pack it is interior
Resistance, density of electrolyte, the size of electrolyte degree of saturation, the difference of mode and it is different.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the positive and negative electrode of the full tube type lead-acid accumulator group of the present embodiment or institute is said
Having electrode is same or identical pipe type positive/negative current electrode, that is, does not consider that the manufacture generated when manufacturing electrode misses
Poor (presence or influence of excluding, exclude, removing foozle), all electrodes of the full tube type lead-acid accumulator group of the present embodiment
Or say that all tubular poles by before being melted into, are constituted in all electrodes, manufacture view (such as electrode structure, appearance, conduction each other
Bone core, casing, fluid confluence, active matter formula and quality, manufacture technology etc.) it is identical, after being melted into, the present embodiment
Each tubular pole of full tube type lead-acid accumulator group is then respectively formed positive or negative pole.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the positive and negative electrode of the full tube type lead-acid accumulator group of the present embodiment or institute is said
Having electrode is pipe type positive/negative current electrode of equal value each other, that is, after electrode is melted into, function having the same and property each other
Can, alternatively, in the work or use process of lead-acid batteries, not considering error after electrode is by chemical conversion or charge and discharge
In the case where (error includes but is not limited to foozle, measurement error) factor (exclude, exclude, removing error presence or
Influence), each tubular pole of the present embodiment has or shows identical function and performance.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the above-mentioned full tube type lead-acid accumulator of the present embodiment, which can be replaced with, to be had
Identical capacity, other type lead-acid accumulators of same recipe or battery pack, other type lead-acid accumulators or battery pack
Including but not limited to: surface plate grating lead-acid accumulator, tube type lead-acid accumulator, other structures full tube type lead-acid accumulator,
Spirally wound lead acid battery, bipolar lead acid battery or horizontal lead cloth, pillar, have and stablize gap body cystosepiment grating
Electric pole type lead-acid accumulator or valve controlled sealed lead-acid accumulator, gelled lead acid battery, lead carbon battery battery, super electricity
Container-lead-acid accumulator (superbattery) battery or battery pack, one such or a variety of, the above method of the present embodiment can
It is applied to other type lead-acid accumulators or battery pack, the parameters such as voltage, electric current can be according to battery or battery when being applied
The rated operational voltage of group, rated capacity suitably, correspondingly change size, such as when charging to single battery, keep battery electric
Pressure is no more than 1.5 times of battery rated operational voltage.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator includes anode, cathode, alternatively, this reality
Applying a lead-acid accumulator positive and negative electrode is positive and negative anodes current electrode, the anode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, cathode, positive and negative
Pole current electrode, including but not limited to, anode or/and cathode, its electrode active material or active material including swelling agent are matched
Positive and negative anodes current electrode or/and anode or/and cathode in side including swelling agent have identical active material or identical work each other
Property material formula positive and negative anodes current electrode, each other of equal value positive and negative anodes current electrode, each other for it is same or it is identical just
Cathode current electrode, it is one such or a variety of.The swelling agent be used to prevent, inhibit, improves electrode specific surface area contraction or
Electrode active material specific surface area is shunk, and the swelling agent includes but is not limited to: barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, silica, silicic acid
Salt, humic acid, lignosulphonates, it is one such or a variety of.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the above-mentioned barium sulfate of the present embodiment is in active material or active matter formula
In mass percentage be 0.01% or more, 0.02% or more, 0.03% or more, 0.05% or more, 0.08% or more,
0.1% or more, 0.2% or more, 0.3% or more, 0.4% or more, 0.5% or more, 0.6% or more, 0.8% or more, 1.0% with
On, it is one such or a variety of.
The present embodiment method makes the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack be significantly improved or be extended, when electric discharge is deep
Spend (DOD) when including but is not limited to 1-100%, the present embodiment method make the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack improve or
Extend to 1.3 times or more -10 times or more, or/and, cycle life is improved or is extended 50 times or more -500 times or more, 500 times
It is -3000 times or more above, one such or a variety of.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, including but not limited to surface plate grating lead-acid accumulator, tubalar type lead acid
Battery, full tube type lead-acid accumulator, spirally wound lead acid battery, bipolar lead acid battery, horizontal lead cloth lead acid storage battery
Pond, cystosepiment grating lead-acid accumulator, valve controlled sealed lead-acid accumulator, gelled lead acid battery, lead carbon battery, super capacitor
Device-lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, one such or a variety of, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack positive and negative electrode are equal
For positive and negative anodes current electrode, including but not limited to, anode or/and cathode, its electrode active material or activity including swelling agent
Positive and negative anodes current electrode or/and anode or/and cathode in material formula including swelling agent, have each other identical active material or
The positive and negative anodes current electrode of identical active matter formula, each other the positive and negative anodes current electrode of equivalence are same or phase each other
Same positive and negative anodes current electrode, it is one such or a variety of.The swelling agent is used to prevent, inhibit, improving electrode specific surface area
Shrink or electrode active material specific surface area shrink, the swelling agent includes but is not limited to: barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, silica,
Silicate, humic acid, lignosulphonates, it is one such or a variety of.The specified electricity of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
Pressing U is 2V, 4V, 6V, 12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, 60V or 72V, 120V, 240V, 360V, 480V, 600V, the present embodiment plumbic acid
Rated capacity (the C of battery or battery pack2, 2 hour rates, 25 DEG C) be 12Ah, 14Ah, 16Ah, 18Ah, 20Ah, 24Ah,
30Ah, 60Ah, 100Ah, 200Ah or 1000Ah, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack have output terminal A, B, wherein
Output terminal A in the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack electrode A 1, A2 ..., An (n=positive integer) it is mutually conductive
Connection, output terminal B and the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or electrode B 1 in battery pack, B2 ..., Bn (n=positive integer)
Mutually it is conductively connected.Electrode A 1, A2 in the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack ..., An, B1, B2 ..., Bn
It is positive and negative anodes current electrode (i.e. the general electrode of anode, cathode), the anode that can not only be used for lead-acid accumulator uses or work,
Also the cathode that can be used as lead-acid accumulator uses or work.The present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack are in initial cycle charge discharge
During electricity work, the polarity of battery or battery pack output terminal A is positive, the pole of battery or battery pack output terminal B
Property is negative, that is, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack in initial On The Cycle Working Process, electrode A 1,
A2 ..., An it is upper happens is that lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction charge and discharge process, electrode B 1, B2 ..., Bn
Above happens is that the charge and discharge process of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction.Partition is separated between positive and negative electrode.
The present embodiment improves or extends the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or the method for battery pack service life is, when this implementation
Example lead-acid accumulator or battery pack are in the use or work of its cycle operation, when working cycles reach certain number or according to need
It wants (for example, due to positive material(PAM) softening or/and falling off, the contraction of cathode specific surface area, burn into electrode passivation, early stage capacity
The reasons such as loss, sulfation, active material and collector poor contact lead to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack work
Make when discharge capacity declines and is lower than certain capacitance values or after, it is desirable to or need to improve battery or battery pack operating discharge capacity
Or when improving, extending battery or battery pack service life) between certain twice working cycles, automatically or/and manually to this
Example lead-acid accumulator or battery pack carry out a single positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, change
It is apt to, eliminates, reversing, inhibiting, prevents positive material(PAM) softening or/and fall off, cathode or negative electrode active material specific surface area receipts
The problems such as contracting, burn into electrode passivation, early stage capacitance loss, sulfation, active material and collector poor contact, so that this
The ability to work of embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack is restored or is improved, complete secondary positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent
After charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, polarization state after the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack are inverted with the secondary polarity, again
It newly puts into charge-discharge cycle work and uses or work, until triggering or starting again again to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator
Or battery pack carries out the reversion of positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, in this way, making the present embodiment lead acid storage battery
The cycle operation and the present embodiment of pond or battery pack to carry out positive and negative electrode polarity to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack anti-
Turn and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated it is having a rest to each other, interspersed, alternate carry out or occur, to improve or extend this
The service life of embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack.
The reversion of first time single positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging are carried out to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
Or charge and discharge is electrically operated comprising steps of working as the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack (this in the On The Cycle Working Process of most initial
The polarity of period the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack output terminal A are positive, the polarity of output terminal B is negative, that is, electrode
A1, A2 ..., occur the charge and discharge process of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction on An, electrode B 1, B2 ..., on Bn
The charge and discharge process of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction occurs), when working cycles reach certain certain number, for example, 5 times, 9
It is secondary, 20 times or 60 times, antipole charging, the mode packet of the antipole charging are carried out to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
It includes, single stage, multistage, constant current (such as 0.1C2、0.5C2、1.2C2、6C2), constant pressure (such as U, 1.3U, 2U, 5U), positive arteries and veins
Punching, negative pulse are one such or a variety of, and finally make output terminal A, B of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
Polarity, thus electrode A 1, A2 ..., An, B1, B2 ... the polarity of Bn inverts, and, after secondary polarity reversion,
Charging or charge and discharge are carried out to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, charges or the mode of charge and discharge includes, the single stage,
Multistage, constant current (such as 0.15C2、0.4C2、0.8C2、7C2), constant pressure (such as 0.8U, 1.5U, 2U, 4U), positive pulse, negative arteries and veins
It rushes one such or a variety of, then, makes the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack with the polarity shape after secondary polarity reversion
State is put into cycle operation again and goes to carry out cycle operation, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack in completion first time
In the On The Cycle Working Process carried out after the reversion of single positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, the present embodiment
The polarity of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack output terminal A are negative, the polarity of output terminal B is positive, that is, electrode A 1,
A2 ..., occur the charge and discharge process of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction on An, electrode B 1, B2 ..., send out on Bn
The charge and discharge process of bullion lead acid accumulator anode electrode reaction.
Second of single positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging are carried out to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
Or charge and discharge is electrically operated comprising steps of when the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack are in above-mentioned first time single positive and negative electrode polarity
(the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery during this in On The Cycle Working Process after reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated
The polarity of group output terminal A is negative, the polarity of output terminal B is positive, that is, electrode A 1, A2 ..., plumbic acid occur on An store
The charge and discharge process of battery cathode electrode reaction, electrode B 1, B2 ..., lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction occurs on Bn
Charge and discharge process), when working cycles complete certain certain number, for example, 9 times, 13 times, 20 times or 40 times, to the present embodiment lead
Acid accumulator or battery pack carry out second of antipole charging, and the mode of secondary antipole charging includes, the single stage, multistage
Section, constant current (such as 0.2C2、0.5C2、1.5C2、3C2), constant pressure (such as U, 1.1U, 2U, 4U), positive pulse, negative pulse it is therein
It is one or more, and finally make the polarity of output terminal A, B of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, thus electrode
A1, A2 ..., An, B1, B2 ... the polarity of Bn inverts, and, after secondary polarity reversion, to the present embodiment lead
Acid accumulator or battery pack carry out charging or charge and discharge, charge or the mode of charge and discharge includes single stage, multistage, constant current
(such as 0.18C2、0.7C2、2C2、5C2), constant pressure (such as 0.6U, 1.3U, 2.2U, 3U), positive pulse, negative pulse it is one such
Or it is a variety of, then, makes the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack with the polarization state after the secondary polarity reversion, put into again
Go to carry out cycle operation, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack in cycle operation in second of single positive and negative electrode pole of completion
In the On The Cycle Working Process carried out after sex reversal and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or electricity
The polarity of pond group output terminal A is positive, the polarity of output terminal B is negative, that is, electrode A 1, A2 ..., plumbic acid occurs on An
The charge and discharge process of battery positive voltage electrode reaction, electrode B 1, B2 ..., that acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode occurs on Bn is anti-
The charge and discharge process answered.
In the cycle charge discharge course of work of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, implement other time singles just,
The method and implement above-mentioned the present embodiment first time or for the second time list that negative polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated
The method of secondary positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is mutually similar.In this way, in the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or
It is anti-that the present embodiment positive and negative electrode polarity as described above repeatedly, repeatedly, interspersedly is carried out in the cycle charge discharge course of work of battery pack
Turn and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated so that the positive material(PAM) softening of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
Or/and fall off, electrode passivation, early stage capacitance loss, burn into sulfation, cathode specific surface area are shunk, active material and afflux
It is one or more in the problems such as body poor contact to be improved, repaired, reversed, eliminated, inhibited, prevented, so that this implementation
Example lead-acid accumulator or the operating discharge capacity of battery pack, service life are improved or are extended.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, improves or extend the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack uses the longevity
The method of life is, in the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or the On The Cycle Working Process of battery pack, in order to improve, repair, reverse, solve
Certainly, it prevents because of positive material(PAM) softening or/and falls off, electrode passivation, early stage capacitance loss, burn into sulfation, cathode ratio
In the problems such as surface area shrinkage, active material and collector poor contact it is one or more caused by battery or battery pack work
Make ability decline or end of life, to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack more phases, interspersedly carries out odd times number
Or the reversion of positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge of even number are electrically operated, complete each issue of odd times number or even number just,
After negative polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, by the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack with the phase polarity
Polarization state after reversion is put into charge-discharge cycle work again and uses or work, obtain the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or
The ability to work of battery pack is restored or is improved, until triggering or starting the another phase again to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery
Group carries out odd times number or the reversion of positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge of even number are electrically operated.Each issue of odd times number or idol
The positive and negative electrode polarity of number invert and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated in any secondary positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and thereafter
Charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated with the present embodiment first time above-mentioned or second of single positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent fills
Electricity or charge and discharge are electrically operated similar same.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the anode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, cathode or say
All electrodes are same or identical positive and negative anodes current electrode, that is, electrode is by before being melted into, all electrodes or institute
State anode, cathode, each other in all respects, such as, but not limited to collector, active matter formula and active material quality (such as but
Be not limited to lead paste formula and lead plaster quality), manufacture technology etc., it is identical (that is, all identical in all respects), alternatively, not
Consider the foozle (exclude, exclude, removing the presence or influence of foozle) generated when manufacture electrode, the present embodiment lead
Acid accumulator or all electrodes of battery pack constitute by before being melted into, each other in all electrodes, manufacture view (such as electrode knot
Structure, appearance, collector, fluid confluence, active matter formula and quality, other accessories, manufacture technology etc.) it is identical, changed
At later, each electrode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack is then respectively formed positive or negative pole.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the positive and negative electrode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack or institute is said
Having electrode is positive and negative anodes current electrode of equal value each other, that is, after electrode is melted into, function and performance having the same each other,
Alternatively, in the work or use process of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, not considering error after electrode is by chemical conversion or charge and discharge
In the case where (error includes but is not limited to foozle, measurement error) factor (exclude, exclude, removing error presence or
Influence), each electrode of the present embodiment has or shows identical function and performance.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the above-mentioned barium sulfate of the present embodiment is in active material or active matter formula
In mass percentage be 0.01% or more, 0.02% or more, 0.03% or more, 0.05% or more, 0.08% or more,
0.1% or more, 0.2% or more, 0.3% or more, 0.4% or more, 0.5% or more, 0.6% or more, 0.8% or more, 1.0% with
On, it is one such or a variety of.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the present embodiment battery, positive and negative electrode is the general electricity of positive and negative anodes
Pole, (1) the present embodiment battery are lead-acid accumulator, the anode or/and cathode, positive and negative anodes current electrode or its active material
Or in active matter formula include swelling agent barium sulfate, the barium sulfate it is described anode or/and cathode, positive and negative anodes current electrode or
Mass percentage in its active material or active matter formula is 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.4%, 0.8%,
1.0%, 2.0%, 10%, it is one such or a variety of；Or (2) the present embodiment battery is lead-acid accumulator, the anode
It or/and include swelling agent barium sulfate, titanium dioxide in cathode, positive and negative anodes current electrode or its active material or active matter formula
Silicon, calcium sulfate, the barium sulfate are matched in the anode or/and cathode, positive and negative anodes current electrode or its active material or active material
Mass percentage in side is 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 10%, therein one
Kind or a variety of, silica, calcium sulfate are in the anode or/and cathode, positive and negative anodes current electrode or its active material or work
Property material formula in mass percentage be 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 10%,
It is one such or a variety of.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the present embodiment battery, positive and negative electrode is the general electricity of positive and negative anodes
Pole, and there is identical active material or identical active matter formula each other: (1) the present embodiment battery be lead-acid accumulator,
Anode, the active material of cathode or active matter formula are equal are as follows: lead powder or lead oxide powder 100Kg, staple fiber 0.06Kg, acetylene black
0.28Kg, barium sulfate 0.8Kg, sulfuric acid solution (mass percentage of sulfuric acid is 45%) 8.7Kg, water 8.25Kg；Or (2) are originally
Embodiment battery is lead-acid accumulator, and anode, the active material of cathode or active matter formula are equal are as follows: lead powder or lead oxide
Powder 100Kg, lignin 0.16Kg, humic acid 0.2Kg, barium sulfate 0.4Kg, silica 0.06Kg, the sulfuric acid solution (quality of sulfuric acid
Percentage composition is 45%) 8.7Kg, water 8.25Kg.
Alternatively, further, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, anode, cathode, positive and negative anodes current electrode, not only each other
With identical active material as described above or identical active matter formula, and before being carried out chemical conversion or charge and discharge, each other
It is identical, i.e., do not consider the foozle (exclude, exclude, removing the presence or influence of foozle) generated when manufacturing electrode,
The anode, cathode, positive and negative anodes current electrode carried out chemical conversion or charge and discharge it is electrically operated before, the afflux that has or use each other
Body, mixing paste technology, smear or powder filling technique, curing process and all other electrode are constituted, manufacture view is identical；
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the present embodiment battery, positive and negative electrode is the positive and negative of equivalence each other
Pole current electrode, after the electrode is melted into, (such as, but not limited to: first 0.14C is permanent under a certain work charging, discharging condition
Current charge 5 hours, then constant-voltage charge 4 hours, then 0.05C constant-current charge 2 hours, then 0.5C multiplying power discharging, environment temperature were
25 DEG C, C is the rated capacity of battery), the present embodiment battery, anode, cathode, positive and negative anodes current electrode are in the 1st polarity
This 21 times positive discharge capacities shown in the 1st time-the 21 time cycle charging, discharge process after reversion are averaged
Value is 10Ah, then, the polarity of the anode of the battery, cathode is carried out the 2nd reversion, after inverting the 1st polarity
Anode be inverted to cathode, the cathode after inverting the 1st polarity is inverted to anode, then, by the 2nd polarity
It is formed by anode after being formed by cathode, the 2nd polarity reversion after reversion, under identical charging, discharging condition (such as
But it is not limited to: first 0.14C constant-current charge 5 hours, then constant-voltage charge 4 hours, then 0.05C constant-current charge 2 hours, then 0.5C times
Rate electric discharge, environment temperature are 25 DEG C, and C is the rated capacity of battery) cycle charging, electric discharge are carried out, obtain the present embodiment electric power storage
Pond, anode, cathode, positive and negative anodes current electrode after the 2nd polarity inverts the 1st time-the 21 time cycle charging, discharged
The average value of the capacity of 21 back discharges shown in journey is 10.5Ah, is excluding, removing manufacture, test etc. to be drawn
In the case where the 0.5Ah error risen (in the case where not considering error component), the anode, cathode, positive and negative anodes current electrode
Charging or/and discharge performance under same polarity is mutually the same, or thinks, the anode, cathode, the general electricity of positive and negative anodes
Charging or/and discharge performance extremely under same polarity is mutually the same, and the difference category of the discharge capacity average value of 0.5Ah
In nominal error to each other.
The positive charge or/and electric discharge refer to that anode, cathode, positive and negative anodes current electrode are anti-in certain polarity by progress
Before turning, the charging, the electric discharge that carry out or carried out；The reverse charging or/and electric discharge refer to that anode, cathode, positive and negative anodes are general
Electrode is after being carried out certain polarity reversion, the charging, the electric discharge that carry out or carried out.
The present embodiment method makes the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack be significantly improved or be extended, when electric discharge is deep
Spend (DOD) when including but is not limited to 1-100%, the present embodiment method make the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack improve or
Extend to 1.3 times or more -10 times or more, or/and, cycle life is improved or is extended 50 times or more -500 times or more, 500 times
It is -3000 times or more above, one such or a variety of.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment lead-acid batteries, raising or extend lead-acid batteries service life battery set charge/discharge device and
The differentiation that the positive and negative electrode polarity for improving or extending lead-acid batteries service life inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated
Operating method, wherein the present embodiment lead-acid batteries include two lead-acid accumulator monocell A, B (equivalent cells of equal value
Refer to, other than foozle, A, all parameters of B battery are identical, similar below), the voltage rating of the battery pack is 2V, volume
Constant volume is equal to the rated capacity of monocell in lead-acid batteries, and every monocell in the present embodiment battery pack all has respectively
From the input of independent positive and negative electrode circuit, output end.
The present embodiment battery set charge/discharge device has to any one single battery list in the present embodiment lead-acid batteries
Solely carry out the reversion of its positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge operating function.
The differentiation operating method that the present embodiment positive and negative electrode polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated are as follows: make this
Embodiment lead-acid batteries carry out charge-discharge cycle work under rated voltage, work by the monocell in the present embodiment battery pack
A undertakes, and monocell B is in acyclic working condition, when the present embodiment battery pack, namely executes the monocell A of task,
Discharge capacity decline (reason includes positive material(PAM) softening, fall off or negative terminal surface product is shunk or sulfation, the same below)
To battery pack rated capacity 90% when, the triggering that has set in battery set charge/discharge device through this embodiment and execute journey
Sequence stops working monocell A, is transferred to acyclic working condition, and by the tool in acyclic working condition in battery pack
There is the monocell B of acceptable operation ability to be switched to cycle operation state, and so that battery pack is based on monocell B and work on,
It is anti-that monocell A for being transferred to acyclic working condition by former cycle operation state individually carries out its battery positive and negative electrode polarity
Turn and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated so that the ability to work of monocell A is restored to acceptable operation ability, the operation is complete
Cheng Hou makes monocell A be in acyclic working condition, to be switched.
The present embodiment battery pack is based on monocell B after a period of work, when the present embodiment battery pack, namely executes work
The monocell B of task, discharge capacity lower than the present embodiment battery pack rated capacity 90% when, battery through this embodiment
The triggering and execution program set in group charge and discharge electric appliance, which is stopped working, and
By in battery pack in acyclic working condition, through its battery positive and negative electrode polarity invert and subsequent charge or charge and discharge
There is the monocell A of acceptable operation ability to be switched to cycle operation state, so that the present embodiment battery pack base again after operation
Work can be continued cycling through in monocell A, then, to the monocell B for being transferred to acyclic working condition by former cycle operation state
It individually carries out the reversion of its battery positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, so that the work energy of monocell B
Power is restored to acceptable operation ability, after the completion of the operation, monocell B is made to be in acyclic working condition, to be switched.
According to the method described above, the reversion of positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge alternately are carried out to monocell A, B
Operation, makes the service life of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries be significantly improved or be extended, than common lead-acid batteries
Service life improves or extends up to 1 times or more.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator includes anode, cathode, alternatively, this reality
Applying a lead-acid accumulator positive and negative electrode is positive and negative anodes current electrode, the anode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, cathode, positive and negative
Pole current electrode, including but not limited to, anode or/and cathode, its electrode active material or active material including swelling agent are matched
Positive and negative anodes current electrode or/and anode or/and cathode in side including swelling agent have identical active material or identical work each other
Property material formula positive and negative anodes current electrode, each other of equal value positive and negative anodes current electrode, each other for it is same or it is identical just
Cathode current electrode, it is one such or a variety of.The swelling agent be used to prevent, inhibit, improves electrode specific surface area contraction or
Electrode active material specific surface area is shunk, and the swelling agent includes but is not limited to: barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, silica, silicic acid
Salt, humic acid, lignosulphonates, it is one such or a variety of.
The present embodiment method makes the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack be significantly improved or be extended, when electric discharge is deep
Spend (DOD) when including but is not limited to 1-100%, the present embodiment method make the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack improve or
Extend to 1.3 times or more -10 times or more, or/and, cycle life is improved or is extended 50 times or more -500 times or more, 500 times
It is -3000 times or more above, one such or a variety of.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment lead-acid batteries, raising or extend lead-acid batteries service life battery set charge/discharge device and
The differentiation that the positive and negative electrode polarity for improving or extending lead-acid batteries service life inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated
Operating method, wherein the present embodiment lead-acid batteries include 7 lead-acid accumulator monocell A, B, C, D, E, F, G of equal value, are somebody's turn to do
The voltage rating of battery pack is 12V, and rated capacity is equal to the rated capacity of monocell in lead-acid batteries, in the battery pack
Every single battery all has positive and negative electrode circuit input/output terminal independent.
The present embodiment battery set charge/discharge device has to any one single battery list in the present embodiment lead-acid batteries
Solely carry out the reversion of its positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge operating function.
The differentiation operating method that the present embodiment positive and negative electrode polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated are as follows: make this
Embodiment lead-acid batteries carry out charge-discharge cycle work under rated voltage, monocell A, B, C when work in the battery pack,
D, E, F are in cycle operation state, undertake the task of battery pack, and monocell G is in acyclic working condition, battery pack base
Cycle operation is carried out in monocell A, B, C, D, E, F, when the operating discharge capacity of battery pack drops to battery pack rated capacity
When 80%, the triggering that has set in battery set charge/discharge device through this embodiment and execute program, in battery pack because just
It is switched to by the softening of pole active material, the caused maximum monocell B of capacity attenuation degree that falls off by cycle operation state
Acyclic working condition, and the monocell G with acceptable operation ability by original place in acyclic working condition is switched to circulation
Working condition, so that battery pack is based on monocell A, C, D, E, F, G and can continue cycling through work, for by former cycle operation state
The monocell B for being transferred to acyclic working condition individually carries out the reversion of its battery positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge
It is electrically operated, so that the ability to work of monocell B is restored to acceptable operation ability, after the completion of the operation, monocell B is made to be in non-
It is cycle operation state, to be switched.
It works when battery pack is based on monocell A, C, D, E, F, G, and its operating discharge capacity drops to battery pack volume
Constant volume 75% when, the triggering that has set in battery set charge/discharge device through this embodiment and program is executed, for battery
In group because of positive material(PAM) softening, fall off caused by the maximum monocell E of capacity attenuation degree by it by working cycles shape
State is switched to acyclic working condition, and the monocell B with acceptable operation ability by original place in acyclic working condition is cut
Cycle operation state is changed to, so that battery pack is based on monocell A, B, C, D, F, G and can continue cycling through work, for being recycled by original
The monocell E that working condition is transferred to acyclic working condition individually carries out the reversion of its battery positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent fills
Electricity or charge and discharge are electrically operated, so that the ability to work of monocell E is restored to acceptable operation ability, battery pack can when which carries out
To work or be in other states in cycle operation, after the completion of the operation, monocell E is made to be in acyclic work shape
It is state, to be switched.
Cycle operation is carried out when battery pack is based on monocell A, B, C, D, F, G, and its operating discharge capacity drops to battery
Group rated capacity 65% when, in battery pack because of positive material(PAM) softening, fall off caused by capacity attenuation degree most
Big monocell and the monocell in acyclic working condition carry out similar aforesaid operations, so that battery pack is again based on six
Monocell with acceptable operation ability and carry out charge-discharge cycle work, and make the maximum monocell of capacity attenuation degree then through electricity
After the reversion of pond positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, restore acceptable operation ability, be in acyclic work shape
It is state, to be switched.
According to the method described above, alternately, individually (not necessarily in order or average time) to monocell A, B, C, D, E, F
Or G carries out the reversion of positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, the service life of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries
It is significantly improved or is extended, the service life than common lead-acid batteries improves or extends up to 1 times or more.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, by the present embodiment above-mentioned monocell A, B, C, D, E, F, G, it is replaced by 7
Only small-scale battery pack (such as 7 specifications be 12V20Ah battery pack), formed the present embodiment lead-acid batteries (such as
Form the extensive battery pack that voltage rating is 72V), small-scale battery pack A, B, C, D, E, F, G are pressed into above-mentioned similar method
It is operated, the service life of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries is made to be significantly improved or be extended, than common lead-acid accumulator
The service life of group improves or extends up to 1 times or more.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator includes anode, cathode, alternatively, this reality
Applying a lead-acid accumulator positive and negative electrode is positive and negative anodes current electrode, the anode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, cathode, positive and negative
Pole current electrode, including but not limited to, anode or/and cathode, its electrode active material or active material including swelling agent are matched
Positive and negative anodes current electrode or/and anode or/and cathode in side including swelling agent have identical active material or identical work each other
Property material formula positive and negative anodes current electrode, each other of equal value positive and negative anodes current electrode, each other for it is same or it is identical just
Cathode current electrode, it is one such or a variety of.The swelling agent be used to prevent, inhibit, improves electrode specific surface area contraction or
Electrode active material specific surface area is shunk, and the swelling agent includes but is not limited to: barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, silica, silicic acid
Salt, humic acid, lignosulphonates, it is one such or a variety of.
The present embodiment method makes the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack be significantly improved or be extended, when electric discharge is deep
Spend (DOD) when including but is not limited to 1-100%, the present embodiment method make the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack improve or
Extend to 1.3 times or more -10 times or more, or/and, cycle life is improved or is extended 50 times or more -500 times or more, 500 times
It is -3000 times or more above, one such or a variety of.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment improve or extend the battery set charge/discharge device of lead-acid batteries service life, lead-acid batteries and
The differentiation that the positive and negative electrode polarity for improving or extending lead-acid batteries service life inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated
Operating method, wherein the present embodiment lead-acid batteries include 6 lead-acid accumulator monocell A, B, C, D, E, F of equal value, should
The voltage rating of battery pack be 12V, rated capacity be equal to lead-acid batteries in monocell rated capacity, 12Ah (2h rate, 25
DEG C), every monocell in the battery pack all has positive and negative electrode circuit input/output terminal independent.
The differentiation operation electrically operated to battery pack progress positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are as follows: make
The present embodiment lead-acid batteries carry out charge-discharge cycle work under rated voltage, when the present embodiment battery power discharge capacity declines
(reason includes positive material(PAM) softening, fall off or negative terminal surface product is shunk or sulfation, the same below) is specified to battery pack
Capacity 75% when, the triggering that has set in battery set charge/discharge device through this embodiment and execute program, battery pack stopped
Only work, to the heavier one or more rows of discharge capacity decaying in battery pack carry out the reversion of its battery positive and negative electrode polarity and its
Charging or charge and discharge afterwards is electrically operated, and operating method is analogous to the relevant operation in other embodiments of the present invention, makes this or more
The ability to work of a monocell is restored to acceptable operation ability, after the completion of the operation, battery pack is made to be restored to working condition.Whenever
When the discharge capacity of the present embodiment battery pack drops to the 75% of rated capacity, aforesaid operations are repeated, store the present embodiment plumbic acid
The service life of battery pack is significantly improved or is extended, and the service life than common lead-acid batteries is improved or extended
Up to 1 times or more.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, by the present embodiment above-mentioned monocell A, B, C, D, E, F, it is replaced by 6
Small-scale battery pack (such as 6 specifications be 12V12Ah battery pack) forms the present embodiment lead-acid batteries (such as shape
The extensive battery pack for being 72V at voltage rating), small-scale battery pack A, B, C, D, E, F are carried out by above-mentioned similar method
Operation, makes the service life of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries be significantly improved or be extended, than common lead-acid batteries
Service life improves or extends up to 1 times or more.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator includes anode, cathode, alternatively, this reality
Applying a lead-acid accumulator positive and negative electrode is positive and negative anodes current electrode, the anode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, cathode, positive and negative
Pole current electrode, including but not limited to, anode or/and cathode, its electrode active material or active material including swelling agent are matched
Positive and negative anodes current electrode or/and anode or/and cathode in side including swelling agent have identical active material or identical work each other
Property material formula positive and negative anodes current electrode, each other of equal value positive and negative anodes current electrode, each other for it is same or it is identical just
Cathode current electrode, it is one such or a variety of.The swelling agent be used to prevent, inhibit, improves electrode specific surface area contraction or
Electrode active material specific surface area is shunk, and the swelling agent includes but is not limited to: barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, silica, silicic acid
Salt, humic acid, lignosulphonates, it is one such or a variety of.
The present embodiment method makes the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack be significantly improved or be extended, when electric discharge is deep
Spend (DOD) when including but is not limited to 1-100%, the present embodiment method make the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack improve or
Extend to 1.3 times or more -10 times or more, or/and, cycle life is improved or is extended 50 times or more -500 times or more, 500 times
It is -3000 times or more above, one such or a variety of.
Embodiment 8
The present embodiment only carries out the partial electrode in the single battery of lead-acid accumulator or is carried out the positive and negative electrode pole
Sex reversal and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated.It is born in the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator single battery containing 7 anodes, 8
Pole, in use, wherein there is the problems such as 2 positive electrodes occur active materials softening, fall off degree heavier and lead to single electricity
Tankage degradation individually carries out the positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging to 2 plate electrode or charge and discharge is grasped
Make, to solve the problems such as its active material softens, falls off, to improve capacity and the service life of the present embodiment monocell.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator includes anode, cathode, alternatively, this reality
Applying a lead-acid accumulator positive and negative electrode is positive and negative anodes current electrode, the anode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, cathode, positive and negative
Pole current electrode, including but not limited to, anode or/and cathode, its electrode active material or active material including swelling agent are matched
Positive and negative anodes current electrode or/and anode or/and cathode in side including swelling agent have identical active material or identical work each other
Property material formula positive and negative anodes current electrode, each other of equal value positive and negative anodes current electrode, each other for it is same or it is identical just
Cathode current electrode, it is one such or a variety of.The swelling agent be used to prevent, inhibit, improves electrode specific surface area contraction or
Electrode active material specific surface area is shunk, and the swelling agent includes but is not limited to: barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, silica, silicic acid
Salt, humic acid, lignosulphonates, it is one such or a variety of.
The present embodiment method makes the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack be significantly improved or be extended, when electric discharge is deep
Spend (DOD) when including but is not limited to 1-100%, the present embodiment method make the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack improve or
Extend to 1.3 times or more -10 times or more, or/and, cycle life is improved or is extended 50 times or more -500 times or more, 500 times
It is -3000 times or more above, one such or a variety of.
Embodiment 9
The method that the present embodiment improved or extended the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, is included in lead-acid accumulator
Or during the float duty of battery pack, interting ground to carry out total cumulative number to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack is 1
It is secondary or 1 time with Shangdi, it is identical or be analogous to described in all of above embodiment (i.e. 1-embodiment of embodiment 8) of the present invention just,
Negative polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, with improvement, reparation, reverse, elimination, inhibit, prevent lead acid storage battery
It the positive material(PAM) softening of pond or battery pack or/and falls off, is electrode passivation, early stage capacitance loss, burn into sulfation, negative
It is one or more in ultimate ratio surface area shrinkage, active material and collector poor contact etc., make the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or
The ability to work of battery pack is restored or improves or prevents decline, then again by the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
Put into float duty, until trigger or start again again to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or lead acid storage battery group into
The reversion of row positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator includes anode, cathode, alternatively, this reality
Applying a lead-acid accumulator positive and negative electrode is positive and negative anodes current electrode, the anode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, cathode, positive and negative
Pole current electrode, including but not limited to, anode or/and cathode, its electrode active material or active material including swelling agent are matched
Positive and negative anodes current electrode or/and anode or/and cathode in side including swelling agent have identical active material or identical work each other
Property material formula positive and negative anodes current electrode, each other of equal value positive and negative anodes current electrode, each other for it is same or it is identical just
Cathode current electrode, it is one such or a variety of.The swelling agent be used to prevent, inhibit, improves electrode specific surface area contraction or
Electrode active material specific surface area is shunk, and the swelling agent includes but is not limited to: barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, silica, silicic acid
Salt, humic acid, lignosulphonates, it is one such or a variety of.
The present embodiment method makes the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack be significantly improved or be extended, when electric discharge is deep
Spend (DOD) when including but is not limited to 1-100%, the present embodiment method make the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack improve or
Extend to 1.3 times or more -10 times or more, or/and, cycle life is improved or is extended 50 times or more -500 times or more, 500 times
It is -3000 times or more above, one such or a variety of.
Embodiment 10
The present embodiment is identical to or including embodiment 1-21, China described in Chinese patent application 201710975570.6
Embodiment 1-21 and 23 described in patent application 201710975698.2, described in Chinese patent application 201710975569.3
Embodiment 1-21 and 23, embodiment 1-3 described in Chinese patent application 201810452604.8.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator includes anode, cathode, alternatively, this reality
Applying a lead-acid accumulator positive and negative electrode is positive and negative anodes current electrode, the anode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, cathode, positive and negative
Pole current electrode, including but not limited to, anode or/and cathode, its electrode active material or active material including swelling agent are matched
Positive and negative anodes current electrode or/and anode or/and cathode in side including swelling agent have identical active material or identical work each other
Property material formula positive and negative anodes current electrode, each other of equal value positive and negative anodes current electrode, each other for it is same or it is identical just
Cathode current electrode, it is one such or a variety of.The swelling agent be used to prevent, inhibit, improves electrode specific surface area contraction or
Electrode active material specific surface area is shunk, and the swelling agent includes but is not limited to: barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, silica, silicic acid
Salt, humic acid, lignosulphonates, it is one such or a variety of.
The present embodiment method makes the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack be significantly improved or be extended, when electric discharge is deep
Spend (DOD) when including but is not limited to 1-100%, the present embodiment method make the service life of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack improve or
Extend to 1.3 times or more -10 times or more, or/and, cycle life is improved or is extended 50 times or more -500 times or more, 500 times
It is -3000 times or more above, one such or a variety of.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of raising or extension lead-acid accumulator or battery pack service life, which is characterized in that the method includes
By lead-acid accumulator or/and the anode of lead-acid batteries, cathode carry out polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated,
Total cumulative number that the operation is carried out or carried out is >=1 time, described that anode, cathode are carried out polarity reversion and subsequent charging
Or charge and discharge is electrically operated, that is, positive electrode, negative electrode are carried out polarity reversion, and after polarity reversion, will be inverted by the polarity
Electrode carry out charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated；
The lead-acid accumulator or its anode of battery pack and cathode are positive and negative anodes current electrode, the positive and negative anodes current electrode,
In the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, it can not only be used for anode and use, also can be used as cathode use or certain as anode
Use, it is certain used as cathode, or in the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack work or use process, some time is as just
Pole uses, some time uses as cathode again, one such or a variety of, the anode or/and cathode, anode or/and cathode or/
With in the active material or active matter formula of positive and negative anodes current electrode include swelling agent, the swelling agent be used to prevent, inhibit,
Improve electrode specific surface area contraction or electrode active material specific surface area is shunk.
2. the method for improving or extending lead-acid accumulator or battery pack service life according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The positive and negative anodes current electrode includes but is not limited to have the positive and negative anodes of identical active material or identical active matter formula each other
Current electrode, each other the positive and negative anodes current electrode of equivalence are each other same or identical positive and negative anodes current electrode, therein
It is one or more.
3. the method for improving or extending lead-acid accumulator or battery pack service life according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The swelling agent includes but is not limited to: barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, silica, silicate, humic acid, lignosulphonates, therein
It is one or more.
4. the method for improving or extending lead-acid accumulator or battery pack service life according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
Mass percentage of the barium sulfate in active material or active matter formula be 0.01% or more, 0.02% or more,
0.03% or more, 0.05% or more, 0.08% or more, 0.1% or more, 0.2% or more, 0.3% or more, 0.4% or more,
0.5% or more, 0.6% or more, 0.8% or more, 1.0% or more, it is one such or a variety of.
5. the method for improving or extending lead-acid accumulator or battery pack service life according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
It is described that lead-acid accumulator or/and the positive and negative electrode of lead-acid batteries are subjected to polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge behaviour
Make, including the electrode of lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries is carried out polarity reversion, and after polarity reversion, make through
The electrode for crossing polarity reversion carries out following electrochemical reaction: making the preceding electrode for anode of polarity reversion after polarity reversion
Carry out acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction, the lead oxides that make the electrode before polarity reversion for anode contained by it, alkali formula
Lead sulfate, lead sulfate carry out electrochemical reducting reaction after polarity reversion, make the preceding electrode for cathode of polarity reversion at this
Polarity inverts laggard quadrat acid accumulator anode electrode reaction, one such or a variety of.
6. the method for improving or extending lead-acid accumulator or battery pack service life according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
It is described positive and negative electrode to be subjected to polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, including make the positive and negative electrode polarity invert and
Thereafter the electrically operated work with the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack of charging or charge and discharge, interts each other, is alternately carried out, and make
At work, positive, original cathode originally is in following three kinds of electrodes work shape for the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack
One of state: (1) original anode works as anode always, and cathode originally is used as cathode to work always；
(2) original anode works as cathode always, and cathode originally is used as anode to work always；(3) originally just
Pole is used as anode to be worked sometimes, is used as cathode to work sometimes, and correspondingly, cathode originally is used as cathode to carry out sometimes
Work is used as anode to work sometimes；Its described original positive, original cathode is not carried out any institute
When stating anode, negative polarity reversion and subsequent charging or electrically operated charge and discharge, the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack it is positive, negative
Pole.
7. the method for improving or extending lead-acid accumulator or battery pack service life according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated including distinguishing operation, i.e., only in lead-acid batteries
Some monocell individually carry out positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated or only right
Certain monocells in lead-acid batteries carry out the positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, or
Person only carries out the positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge to the partial electrode in lead-acid accumulator single battery
It is electrically operated.
8. the method for improving or extending lead-acid accumulator or battery pack service life according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
It is described by positive and negative electrode carry out polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated include carrying out pulse charge or/and electric discharge
Operation.
9. the method for raising or extension lead-acid accumulator or battery pack service life described in any one of -8 according to claim 1,
Positive and negative electrode is subjected to polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated realizes by a kind of circuit it is characterized in that, described,
The circuit has described that lead-acid accumulator or/and the anode of lead-acid batteries, cathode progress polarity reversion or polarity is anti-
Turn and subsequent charging or the electrically operated function of charge and discharge, the circuit, which can or actually be effected or carried out the total of the function, to be added up
Number is >=1 time.
10. the method for improving or extending lead-acid accumulator or battery pack service life according to claim 9, feature exist
In the circuit is effected or carried out the positive and negative electrode polarity reversion or polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated
Method includes: to charge after carrying out antipole charging, forced electric discharge, reversal connection to the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, one such
Or it is a variety of；Or it is characterized in that, lead-acid accumulator or/and the positive and negative electrode of lead-acid batteries are carried out polarity by the circuit
Reversion or polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated including carrying out automatically or/and manually.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311833984.7A CN117810567A (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2018-11-01 | Method for solving softening and falling-off problems of positive electrode active materials of lead-acid storage battery or battery pack |
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| CN2017110738627 | 2017-11-05 | ||
| CN201711073862 | 2017-11-05 | ||
| CN201711073858 | 2017-11-05 | ||
| CN2017110738580 | 2017-11-05 | ||
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| CN2017110738542 | 2017-11-05 |
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| CN202311833984.7A Division CN117810567A (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2018-11-01 | Method for solving softening and falling-off problems of positive electrode active materials of lead-acid storage battery or battery pack |
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| CN109361027A true CN109361027A (en) | 2019-02-19 |
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| CN202310591927.6A Pending CN116742153A (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2018-11-01 | Method for solving softening and falling-off problems of positive electrode active material of lead-acid storage battery |
| CN202311833984.7A Pending CN117810567A (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2018-11-01 | Method for solving softening and falling-off problems of positive electrode active materials of lead-acid storage battery or battery pack |
| CN201811296518.9A Pending CN109361027A (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2018-11-01 | The method for improving or extending lead-acid accumulator or battery pack service life |
| CN201811297354.1A Pending CN109216805A (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2018-11-01 | A method of it solving the problems, such as active substance for positive electrode of lead-acid accumulator softening, falls off |
| CN202310591562.7A Pending CN117175024A (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2018-11-01 | Method for solving softening and falling-off problems of positive electrode active material of lead-acid storage battery |
| CN201811303681.3A Pending CN109755671A (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2018-11-02 | Solve the problems, such as the method that battery anode active substance expands, softens, falling off |
| CN201811304067.9A Pending CN109755672A (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2018-11-03 | A kind of two-way discharge battery |
| CN201811303777.XA Pending CN109273779A (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2018-11-03 | Long service life head-acid accumulator |
| CN201811303768.0A Pending CN109755577A (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2018-11-03 | Long life accumulator |
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| CN202310591927.6A Pending CN116742153A (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2018-11-01 | Method for solving softening and falling-off problems of positive electrode active material of lead-acid storage battery |
| CN202311833984.7A Pending CN117810567A (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2018-11-01 | Method for solving softening and falling-off problems of positive electrode active materials of lead-acid storage battery or battery pack |
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| CN201811297354.1A Pending CN109216805A (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2018-11-01 | A method of it solving the problems, such as active substance for positive electrode of lead-acid accumulator softening, falls off |
| CN202310591562.7A Pending CN117175024A (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2018-11-01 | Method for solving softening and falling-off problems of positive electrode active material of lead-acid storage battery |
| CN201811303681.3A Pending CN109755671A (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2018-11-02 | Solve the problems, such as the method that battery anode active substance expands, softens, falling off |
| CN201811304067.9A Pending CN109755672A (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2018-11-03 | A kind of two-way discharge battery |
| CN201811303777.XA Pending CN109273779A (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2018-11-03 | Long service life head-acid accumulator |
| CN201811303768.0A Pending CN109755577A (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2018-11-03 | Long life accumulator |
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| WO (2) | WO2019086022A1 (en) |
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| EP4026185A1 (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2022-07-13 | Daramic, LLC | Improved lead acid battery separators incorporating carbon, and improved batteries, systems, vehicles, and related methods |
| CN110649228B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-03-10 | 湖南丰日电源电气股份有限公司 | Storage battery polar plate |
| CN111146408B (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2022-11-29 | 河南创力新能源科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of iron-nickel battery cathode |
| CN112103573B (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2021-10-22 | 天能电池集团股份有限公司 | Method for determining acid absorption saturation of valve-controlled lead storage battery |
| CN113422047B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2022-10-28 | 风帆有限责任公司 | Lead storage battery capable of being started normally in low-charge state |
| CN114597354A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-06-07 | 天能电池集团股份有限公司 | Lead storage battery positive electrode lead paste and preparation method thereof, and lead storage battery |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN117810567A (en) | 2024-04-02 |
| CN109216805A (en) | 2019-01-15 |
| CN109273779A (en) | 2019-01-25 |
| CN109755672A (en) | 2019-05-14 |
| CN109755577A (en) | 2019-05-14 |
| CN116742153A (en) | 2023-09-12 |
| WO2019086021A1 (en) | 2019-05-09 |
| WO2019086022A1 (en) | 2019-05-09 |
| CN109755671A (en) | 2019-05-14 |
| CN117175024A (en) | 2023-12-05 |
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