CN108565507A - The method for enhancing, safeguarding ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage - Google Patents

The method for enhancing, safeguarding ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108565507A
CN108565507A CN201810215336.8A CN201810215336A CN108565507A CN 108565507 A CN108565507 A CN 108565507A CN 201810215336 A CN201810215336 A CN 201810215336A CN 108565507 A CN108565507 A CN 108565507A
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lead
electrode
discharge
charge
polarity
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杨春晓
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of methods for enhancing, safeguarding ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage, it is characterized in that, to during storage lead-acid accumulator or battery pack carry out total cumulative number be 1 time or more lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries positive and negative electrode polarity invert and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated；The method that the present invention enhances, safeguards ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage, can solve, improve, preventing, repairing, reverse that lead-acid accumulator or lead-acid batteries are occurred during storage, storage, transport such as the problems such as vulcanization, passivation, burn into recrystallization, inactivation, electrolyte stratification, to enhance, safeguard, restore, keep, improve ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage.

Description

It enhances, safeguard ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage Method
Technical field
The present invention relates to enhancing, safeguarding ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage, especially relate to A kind of and method for enhancing, safeguarding ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage.
Background technology
When lead-acid accumulator or battery pack are in storage, storage configuration, although without charge and discharge process, inside battery is still So it can change or react, such as vulcanization, passivation, burn into recrystallization, inactivation, electrolyte stratification etc., these variations or anti- It answers, with time integral, lead-acid accumulator can be influenced or working performance when battery pack is devoted oneself to work, when sufficiently long storage Between, or even can finally make battery before devoting oneself to work with regard to scrapping.In order to ensure the storage longevity of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack Life is safeguarded, lead-acid accumulator or battery pack is kept to have working performance good enough, industrial quarters more typical when devoting oneself to work The method of use is to store, store when battery is in, under travel position (battery does not work at this time), battery is made to be in dry lotus shape State when just thinking that lead-acid accumulator will come into operation, electrolyte is just added into battery, then battery is made to devote oneself to work, Or in the case where lead-acid accumulator or battery pack are in storage, storage configuration, periodically or non-periodically to lead-acid accumulator or battery Group carries out charge and discharge, to slow down, prevent, repair storage, storage to a certain extent to unfavorable caused by lead-acid accumulator, but Such way is still not ideal enough in effect, efficiency, comfort level, cost.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one kind to enhance, safeguard, restores lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage The method of ability to work after service life, storage.
The storage of the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack refers to that lead-acid accumulator or battery pack are in inoperative or non-made With state, and the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack is made to be in storage, storage, place, stand, one kind in travel position or more Kind；Also known as lead-acid accumulator or battery pack are in storage state when lead-acid accumulator or battery pack are stored；The storage life Refer to when battery or battery pack are in any primary normal work or before use, time or period under its present storage state； The battery or battery pack refer to when battery or battery pack are not carrying out work or in use, it is in storage shape during storing The time or period of state；Ability to work refers to when battery or battery pack are in a period of time (this under storage state after the storage In time, battery is not used or does not work) after, when battery is devoted oneself to work for the first time or again or in use, is showed Ability to work out or performance；In the present invention, according to the operation that the method for the present invention carries out battery or battery pack, do not calculate For the operation in the battery or battery pack work or use.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides one kind to enhance, safeguards lead-acid accumulator or the battery pack storage longevity The method of ability to work after life, storage, that is, by during storage lead-acid accumulator or battery pack to carry out total cumulative number be 1 time Above lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries anode, negative polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, institute It states anode, cathode progress polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, that is, positive electrode, negative electrode are subjected to polarity Reversion, and after polarity reversion, charging will be carried out by the electrode of polarity reversion or charge and discharge is electrically operated.Described total accumulative time Number refers to, the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack its it is existing it is entire during or described lead-acid accumulator or battery pack make at it With before end-of-life and end of life after entire period, it is all to be happened at the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack In total, number that the always accumulative anode, negative polarity reversion or polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated. It can be carried out continuously, discontinuously between each anode, negative polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated It carries out, or part is carried out continuously, the discontinuous progress in part.
The lead-acid accumulator includes lead-acid accumulator, lead-acid batteries.
It is described to enhance, safeguard ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage, including enhance, safeguard, It keeps, restore, improve ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage.
The polarity of the lead-acid accumulator or battery anode or cathode includes, the electrode of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack Positivity (positive property) or negativity (cathode property), the positivity feature of electrode generally comprise, and the electrode occurred on this electrode is anti- Should be anode electrode reaction, electrode potential mutually it is more high, the negativity feature of electrode generally comprises, the electrode occurred on this electrode Reaction be negative electrode reaction, electrode potential mutually it is more low.The polarity reversion refers to that originally the polarity of positivity electrode is by positivity The polarity for becoming negativity or/and original negativity electrode becomes positivity by negativity.
It is described will by polarity reversion electrode carry out charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated, that is, will polarity reversion before for anode and After polarity reversion for the electrode of cathode as cathode carry out charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, polarity is inverted before be cathode and polarity is anti- It is that positive electrode carries out charging as anode or charge and discharge is electrically operated after turning, the former makes that acid accumulator negative pole lead electricity occurs on electrode Pole is reacted, and the latter makes that lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction occurs on electrode.
The anode of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, cathode are carried out first time, second of polarity reversion and subsequent filled For electricity or the electrically operated process of charge and discharge, the positive and negative electrode polarity is inverted and subsequent is charged or charge and discharge is electrically operated makees into one Step ground explanation (is also labeled as electricity herein with original anode (being also labeled as electrode A herein), original cathode for convenience of description Pole B) it calls, do not carried out any anode, negative polarity inverts and subsequent charging or when electrically operated charge and discharge The lead-acid accumulator or the anode of battery pack, cathode, in this way, being carried out when by lead-acid accumulator or the anode of battery pack, cathode When first time polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, operating procedure includes, first, by lead-acid accumulator or battery Positive electrode, the negative electrode of group carry out polarity reversion, that is, make the pole of lead-acid accumulator or the original anode (electrode A) of battery pack Property it is negative by being just inverted to, the polarity of cathode (electrode B) originally is inverted to just by negative, then after secondary polarity reversion, To carry out charging by the electrode of secondary polarity reversion or charge and discharge is electrically operated, that is, by original anode (electrode A) as cathode, By original cathode (electrode B) as anode, lead-acid accumulator or battery pack after being inverted to the secondary polarity are charged or are filled Discharge operation, charging or charge and discharge electrically operated completion of the whole process after from the secondary polarity reverse turn operation to the secondary polarity reversion, The reversion of as 1 polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated (at this point, completing the of the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack Polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated), the polarity reversion and subsequent charging of this anode, cathode Or charge and discharge it is electrically operated it is realized include that, for original anode (electrode A), electrode potential is transformed into phase by mutually more high More low, its electrode reaction occurred is inverted to acid accumulator negative pole lead by original lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction Electrode reaction, for original cathode (electrode B), variation is opposite.
It is recognised that on the basis of above-mentioned 1 polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, then carry out 1 pole Sex reversal and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated (this be also the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack the reversion of second of polarity and its Charging or charge and discharge afterwards is electrically operated), then after the polarity of rear primary (for the second time) inverts charging or charge and discharge operating process in, It is electrically charged or the positivity electrode of charge and discharge is then lead-acid accumulator or the original anode (electrode A) of battery pack, be electrically charged or charge and discharge The negativity electrode of electricity is then lead-acid accumulator or the original cathode (electrode B) of battery pack, this time positive, cathode (for the second time) Polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated it is realized include, for original anode (electrode A), electrode electricity Position by mutually more it is low be transformed into mutually more high, its electrode reaction for being occurred by original acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction It is inverted to lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction, for original cathode (electrode B), variation is opposite.In this way, for original Positive (electrode A), original cathode (electrode B) have carried out altogether 2 (i.e. for the first time, second) polarity reversions and subsequent have filled Electricity or charge and discharge are electrically operated.
3 times or the polarity reversion more than 3 times and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, can be at above-mentioned 2 times (for the first time, the It is secondary) polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated on the basis of repeatedly carry out similar first time or first again or again Secondary, second polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated and realizes, can be according to above-mentioned 2 times (for the first time, for the second time) Polarity, which inverts and subsequent charges, or charge and discharge is electrically operated analogizes understanding, implements.
During the polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, when the polarity reversion actually occurs on the electrode Comparatively fast to complete, the time is shorter, and, in the critical part of polarity reversion, the polarity of electrode is from this critical one end change in polarity To critical other end polarity, only need less electricity, alternatively, when by the less electricity, make the polarity of electrode from critical This one end change in polarity to critical other end polarity, polarity reversion is to complete, therefore, because the electricity being related to is few, institute It states polarity and is reversed in and change that electrode is constituted, the influence of performance etc. is generally also smaller or can ignore, it is strictly, described Polarity reversion conceptually and is actually all primarily referred to as the variation in a kind of polarization state, and polarity reversion and subsequent During charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, make composition, performance of electrode etc. that significant change, the charging after mainly being inverted with polarity occur Or charge and discharge operating process has important relationship.
It is described by lead-acid accumulator or/and the positive and negative electrode of lead-acid batteries carry out polarity reversion and subsequent charging or Charge and discharge is electrically operated, includes lead-acid accumulator or/and the electrode of lead-acid batteries being carried out polarity reversion, and invert in the polarity Afterwards, make to carry out following electrochemical reaction by the electrode that the polarity inverts：Make the preceding electrode for anode of polarity reversion in the pole The reaction of sex reversal laggard quadrat acid accumulator negative electrode makes the lead oxidation of electrode before polarity reversion for anode contained by it Object, basic lead sulphate, lead sulfate carry out electrochemical reducting reaction after polarity reversion, make the preceding electricity for cathode of polarity reversion Pole inverts laggard quadrat acid accumulator anode electrode reaction in the polarity, one such or a variety of.
It is described that positive and negative electrode progress polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, including make the lead acid storage battery In storage, positive, the original cathode of original is in one kind in following three kinds of electrode conditions for pond or battery pack：(1) it deposits Chu Shi, anode originally is always anode, and cathode originally is always cathode；(2) when storing, anode originally is always negative Pole, cathode originally is always anode；(3) when storing, anode originally is anode sometimes, is cathode sometimes, correspondingly, originally Cathode be cathode sometimes, be sometimes anode；Positive, the original cathode of described original is, do not carried out it is any When the anode, negative polarity reversion and subsequent charging or electrically operated charge and discharge, the anode of the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, Cathode.
During the polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, the charging operations after arbitrary polarity reversion Number is 1 time or more (including 1 time, the same below).
It is described that lead-acid accumulator or the progress polarity reversion of the positive and negative electrode of battery pack and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated Including：It carries out twice in succession or the positive and negative electrode polarity of continuous even-times inverts and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, it is single to carry out The reversion of positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge of secondary or continuum method time are electrically operated, one such or a variety of.
It is described that anode, cathode progress polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated for lead-acid batteries Including only individually carrying out the positive and negative electrode polarity to some monocell in battery pack and inverting and subsequent charge or fill Discharge operation, or it is only anti-to certain (i.e. two or more) monocells progress positive and negative electrode polarity in battery pack Turn and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated, this all referred to as distinguish operation.The monocell, that is, single battery.
Electric current during the polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are grasped includes DC current, pulse current or arteries and veins The recombination current of punching and direct current.
It is described by positive and negative electrode carry out polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated include carry out pulse charge or/ With the operation of electric discharge；The pulse charge or/and electric discharge include positive pulse, negative pulse, positive negative pulse stuffing mixed pulses charge or/and It is one or more in discharge operation.
Can invert and subsequent charge in the polarity or charge and discharge it is electrically operated before first to lead-acid accumulator or battery pack into Row electric discharge or/and charging operations (the hereinafter referred to as electric discharge before polarity reversion or/and charging operations), then restart, start simultaneously It carries out the polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated.This kind of situation includes, before polarity reversion, to battery or electricity Pond group progress discharge operation is reduced to 0V or 0V or more until voltage, then carries out polarity reversion again.
The polarity of the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack inverts, polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, pole Electric discharge or/and charging operations, differentiation operation before sex reversal can be executed by programming.
The lead-acid accumulator or the anode of battery pack, cathode carry out the charging or charge and discharge after polarity reversion, polarity reversion Electric discharge or/and charging operations before the reversion of electrically operated or polarity can according to certain magnitude of physical quantity, quantitative value, chemical magnitude and it The results such as changing value, one or more settings in calculated value, measurement, signal acquisition, calculating and start or stop or It is failure to actuate.The magnitude of physical quantity includes voltage value, current value, current density value, charge value, capability value, performance number, time It is one or more in value, temperature value, force value, pressure values, density value, shading value, frequency values；The quantitative value includes accumulative Numerical value, odd number value, even number value, ratio value, battery or/and battery pack charge-discharge cycle time numerical value in it is one or more；It is described Chemical magnitude include battery or/and the acidity value of battery pack.The magnitude of physical quantity, quantitative value, chemical magnitude include battery Or/and battery pack in charging process, in discharge process, in On The Cycle Working Process, during float duty, open circuit or stand shape Magnitude of physical quantity, quantitative value, chemical magnitude in state and other and lead-acid accumulator or/and the relevant physics of lead-acid batteries Magnitude, quantitative value, chemical magnitude.
It is described to carry out charging by the electrode of polarity reversion or charge and discharge is electrically operated, wherein the charging or charge and discharge Electricity is generally 0.5 times of the electrode rated capacity or more.
It is described that lead-acid accumulator or the positive and negative electrode of battery pack are subjected to polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge behaviour Make, it is further characterized in that, it carries out or is carried out the plumbic acid that the positive and negative electrode polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated Accumulator or its anode of battery pack and cathode are positive and negative anodes current electrode (that is, electrode positive, that cathode is general), described positive and negative Pole current electrode can not only be used for anode use, also can be used as cathode use in the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, or It is certain is used as anode, it is certain uses as cathode, or work or use process in the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack In, some time uses as anode, some time uses as cathode again, one such or a variety of；Constitute lead-acid accumulator or battery When the anode and cathode of group, the positive and negative anodes current electrode includes but not limited to have identical active material or identical work each other Property material formula positive and negative anodes current electrode, each other of equal value positive and negative anodes current electrode, be that same positive and negative anodes are general each other Electrode；The equivalence each other refers to, electrode after by chemical conversion or charge and discharge, each other lead-acid accumulator or battery pack work or During use, in the case of not considering error component, there is or show identical function and performance；It is described it is same just That cathode current electrode refers to those is mutually the same before being carried out chemical conversion or charge and discharge, after being carried out chemical conversion or charge and discharge Can form the positive and negative anodes current electrode of positive or negative pole, it is described carried out chemical conversion or charge and discharge before it is mutually the same refer to not examining The foozle that generates when considering manufacture electrode, carried out chemical conversion or charge and discharge it is electrically operated before, two or more electrodes exist each other All electrodes are constituted, manufacture view (such as electrode structure, appearance, size, formula, material, manufacture technology) is identical.
It is described that lead-acid accumulator or the progress polarity reversion of the positive and negative electrode of battery pack and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated It can automatically or/and manually be realized by a kind of circuit, the circuit stores lead-acid accumulator or/and plumbic acid with described The function that the positive electrode and negative electrode of battery pack carry out polarity reversion or polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, the electricity Road can or lead-acid accumulator or/and the anode of lead-acid batteries, cathode actually be carried out polarity reversion or polarity inverts And subsequent charging or electrically operated total cumulative number >=1 time of charge and discharge.
The circuit is effected or carried out carries out the anode, negative polarity to lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries Reversion or polarity reversion and subsequent charging or the electrically operated method of charge and discharge include：The lead-acid accumulator or battery pack are carried out Antipole charges.
The circuit realizes that the method for carrying out antipole charging to lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries includes passing through After being connected to polarity reversion and the polarity reversion of the circuit output end on the lead-acid accumulator or battery set electrode The charging or charge and discharge carried out to the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack is electrically operated, to realize the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack Positive and negative electrode polarity inverts or polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated.
It is described that lead-acid accumulator or the positive and negative electrode of battery pack are subjected to polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge behaviour Make, it is further characterized in that, it can start, stop or suspend the circuit by way of automatic or/and manual or manual switch Function, so that the circuit started, stop or is suspended and positive and negative electrode polarity carried out to lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries Reversion or polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated.
The present invention's enhances, safeguards ability to work method or described after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage By lead-acid accumulator or/and the anode of lead-acid batteries, cathode carry out polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated The lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries that method is applied to, including surface plate grating, tubular type, takeup type, bipolar system, Horizontal lead cloth, pillar, has and stablizes gap body electric pole type lead-acid accumulator or battery pack cystosepiment grating, further includes valve control Formula sealed lead acid storage battery or accumulator group, gelled lead acid battery or accumulator group, lead carbon battery accumulator or accumulator group, The lead-acid accumulator of ultracapacitor-lead-acid accumulator (abbreviation superbattery) accumulator or accumulator group and these types The lead-acid accumulator or battery pack of the lead-acid batteries of mixed type made of Hybrid connections and various other types.
The present invention enhances, safeguard lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage after ability to work method can be applied to Lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, the circuit or charging/discharging apparatus of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack, lead-acid accumulator or battery pack It repairs, regeneration.
Advantageous effect
The method of the present invention can solve, improve, preventing, repairing, lead-acid accumulator or lead-acid batteries is reversed to store, depositing Put, transport during occurred such as vulcanization, passivation, burn into recrystallization, inactivation, electrolyte stratification the problems such as, to enhance, tie up Shield is restored, keeps, improving ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technology contents, feature and effect of the present invention are described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The method that the present embodiment enhances, safeguards ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage, packet It includes, by the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack during storage, carries out lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries are positive, negative Pole polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, and lead-acid accumulator described in the present embodiment or battery pack are carried out or carried out Total cumulative number that anode, negative polarity invert and subsequent charge or charge and discharge is electrically operated is >=2 times.Described in the present embodiment just Pole, negative polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, that is, positive electrode, negative electrode are carried out polarity reversion, and at this After polarity reversion, charging will be carried out by the electrode of polarity reversion or charge and discharge is electrically operated.
It carries out described in the present embodiment or is inverted by carry out lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries anode, negative polarity And subsequent charging or the electrically operated method of charge and discharge are：When the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage, resting period reach To a certain setting value, such as 5 days, 10 days, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 3 years, start to the present embodiment battery or battery pack The positive and negative electrode polarity of at least phase of progress twice in succession inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, then makes the present embodiment Lead-acid accumulator or battery pack come back under storage state and are stored after the completion of the operation.Then in this way, when storage, When resting period reaches a certain numerical value again, is carried out twice in succession an at least phase to the present embodiment battery or battery pack again Positive and negative electrode polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, then makes the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack at this After the completion of operation, then comes back under storage state and stored.Repeatedly, it carries out the same as or similar to this reality to more phases Apply example it is above-mentioned twice in succession positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated, to solve, improve, in advance It is anti-, repair, reverse that lead-acid accumulator or lead-acid batteries occurred during storage, storage, transport, standing as vulcanization, The problems such as passivation, burn into recrystallization, inactivation, electrolyte stratification, to enhance, safeguard, restore, keep, improve lead-acid accumulator Or ability to work after battery pack storage life, storage.
The reversion of positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging twice in succession or charge and discharge operating process, are illustrated below：
Following the present embodiment it is all to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator carry out operations except illustrate manually in addition to, be Come what is realized, the present embodiment battery charging and discharging utensil has by setting journey for the function of battery charging and discharging device and work through this embodiment The function that sequence executes.The present embodiment lead-acid accumulator be surface plate grating lead-acid accumulator, rated capacity be 1.77Ah (2h rates, 25 DEG C), rated voltage 2V, with the structure for pressing from both sides a piece of positive plate between two panels negative plate, the partition board between positive and negative electrode is AGM partition boards, negative plate total capacity relative surplus are 2.8mm in positive plate total capacity, positive plate thickness, and cathode plate thickness is 1.9mm, positive and negative electrode plate grid grid are rectangle, and positive plate has existing general commercial formula of positive lead paste (wherein sulfuric acid Relative to ball milling lead powder content be 4.5wt.%, and be formulated in do not contain barium sulfate) made from anode diachylon, battery work when Only used as anode, because of referred to herein as positive plate (clear subsequently to state, to be also named as electrode A in the present embodiment), There is negative plate cathode lead plaster made from existing general commercial cathode lead plaster formula, battery only to be used as cathode when working, because Referred to herein as negative plate (clear subsequently to state, to be also named as electrode B 1, B2 in the present embodiment), positive and negative electrode lead plaster is adopted Lead powder is existing general commercial ball milling lead powder, and the quality of dry lead plaster is 29.69g, this reality on positive plate after solidification, drying It is 1.27g/cm to apply the sulfuric acid solution density in a lead-acid accumulator3, the present embodiment exclude or prevent lose liquid, open circuit, short circuit, Interference of the factors such as mechanical failure, test failure to the present embodiment implementation process and result of implementation.
The reversion of positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge operating process twice in succession is specifically, pass through this reality It applies a battery charging and discharging device and its setting program, execute function, set and execute to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator progress anode Plate, the polarity reversion of negative plate and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, are carrying out the present embodiment anode plate for lead acid accumulator, are bearing When plate electrode sex reversal operates, one is manual operations：Cell voltage is down near 0V, then relies on human hand, this is implemented Example battery charging and discharging device and the connection status of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator are (positive to export conductive clip from charge and discharge electric appliance anode clip It is son, the same below) connect with anode plate for lead acid accumulator (electrode A), charge and discharge electric appliance cathode clip (cathode exports conductive clamp, with It similarly hereinafter) connect (such connection title just connects state, the same below) with lead-acid battery negative pole plate (electrode B 1, B2), changes into charge and discharge Electric appliance anode clip connect with lead-acid battery negative pole plate (electrode B 1, B2), charge and discharge electric appliance cathode clip and lead-acid accumulator just Pole plate (electrode A) connection (such connection claims reversal connection state, the same below), or at state is just connect, then reversal connection state is changed Battery after being converted to electrode connection status carries out charging to cell voltage ＞ 0V, to realize its electrode of the present embodiment battery Polarity inverts；Another kind is that battery charging and discharging device is automatically brought into operation through this embodiment：It is in just in the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator When connecing state, the constant-current source in battery charging and discharging device makes battery to the present embodiment battery progress forced electric discharge through this embodiment Voltage be transformed into the state of ＜ 0V from the state of >=0V, or charged the battery in cell voltage ＜ 0V (or strong System charging) and cell voltage is made to be transformed into >=the state of 0V from the state of ＜ 0V, i.e., it realizes automatically and the present embodiment plumbic acid is stored The polarity reverse turn operation of battery.When battery, which is in, just connects state, battery continues forced electric discharge in cell voltage ＜ 0V, makes Cell voltage be intended to it is more negative, then it is main happens is that acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode on battery positive plate (electrode A) at this time It is main happens is that in lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction in charging process, cell negative plate (electrode B 1, B2) in reaction Charging process (can refer to electrode reaction equation of the present invention (1), (2), the same below)；And the present embodiment battery is in and just connects state When, battery is forced to charge in cell voltage ＜ 0V so that cell voltage is intended to corrigendum or 0V, then battery positive plate at this time It is main happens is that discharge process, cell negative plate (electrode B 1, B2) in acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction in (electrode A) It is upper main happens is that discharge process in lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction；State is just connect when the present embodiment battery is in When, battery is electrically charged in cell voltage ＞ 0V so that cell voltage is intended to correct, then battery positive plate (electrode A) at this time It is upper main happens is that main in charging process, cell negative plate (electrode B 1, B2) in lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction Happens is that the charging process in acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction.In this way, battery charging and discharging device through this embodiment is strong System electric discharge, forced charge function and operation realize anti-to the polarity reverse turn operation and polarity of the present embodiment battery positive and negative electrode Charging or charge and discharge after turning is electrically operated.In addition, also using possessed by the present embodiment battery charging and discharging device charging, discharging function come Charging, discharge operation when implementing to work to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, to realize the cycle charge-discharge of the present embodiment battery Work (is to pass through this below to all operations of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator and measurement other than illustrating and being manual Embodiment battery charging and discharging device carries out setting program, executes realization).By upper, the present embodiment battery is carried out first, second time The preparation and formal operation that positive and negative electrode polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, that is, to battery with the permanent electricity of 1031mA Stream carry out electric discharge and to cell voltage be 0V when, stop electric discharge, it is anti-that its positive plate, the polarity of negative plate then are carried out to the battery Turn, that is, manually that the connection status of the present embodiment battery charging and discharging device and the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is positive from charge and discharge electric appliance Clip connect with anode plate for lead acid accumulator (electrode A), charge and discharge electric appliance cathode clip and lead-acid battery negative pole plate (electrode B 1, B2 what is) connected just connects state, changes at charge and discharge electric appliance anode clip connect with lead-acid battery negative pole plate (electrode B 1, B2), fills The reversal connection state that discharger cathode clip is connect with anode plate for lead acid accumulator (electrode A) forms the antipole connection being commonly called as, so Afterwards, it is charged to the battery after transformation connection status with the constant current of 1031mA so that the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator Positive plate (electrode A) on occur the charging process of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator it is negative The charging process of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction, 15min, cell voltage when small through 3 occur on pole plate (electrode B 1, B2) Rise to 1.75V (at this time negative plate or electrode B 1, B2 be just, positive plate or electrode A be negative) after, continue the perseverance electricity with 1031mA Stream charges to battery 3 hours, and (this process cell voltage rises to 2.23V from 1.75V, is still negative plate or electrode B 1, B2 at this time For just, positive plate or electrode A be negative), then, discharged battery with 1031mA constant currents so that the present embodiment plumbic acid stores Discharge process, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction occur on the positive plate (electrode A) of battery Negative plate (electrode B 1, B2) on occur the discharge process of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction, the electric discharge through 24min, to 0V When stop electric discharge, then, again to the battery carry out positive and negative electrode polarity reversion, that is, manually by battery charging and discharging device and this reality The connection status for applying a lead-acid accumulator connect from charge and discharge electric appliance anode clip with lead-acid battery negative pole plate (electrode B 1, B2), The reversal connection state that charge and discharge electric appliance cathode clip is connect with anode plate for lead acid accumulator (electrode A) is changed into charge and discharge electric appliance anode folder Son connect with anode plate for lead acid accumulator (electrode A), charge and discharge electric appliance cathode clip and lead-acid battery negative pole plate (electrode B 1, B2) Connection just connects state, then, is charged with the constant current of 258.4mA to the battery so that the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator Positive plate (electrode A) on occur the charging process of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator it is negative On pole plate (electrode B 1, B2) occur acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction charging process, the charging through 31min, to battery electricity When pressing 1.75V (positive plate or electrode A are positive and negative pole plate at this time or electrode B 1, B2 are negative), then with 412mA constant current charges 16 Hour 35min, to cell voltage 2.65V, then, then charge 3 hours with 2.65V constant voltages that (this constant current, constant pressure are filled to the battery Electric process positive plate or electrode A are positive and negative pole plate or electrode B 1, B2 are negative), after the completion of the constant-voltage charge, so far, complete to this First, second positive and negative electrode polarity of embodiment battery inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated.Then, make the battery Reenter the same storage, storage configuration.
Next, when battery continuation reaches the regular hour in the storage position, start automatically to carry out the to battery Three, the 4th positive and negative electrode polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated.That is, making the present embodiment battery by automatically Electric discharge and forced electric discharge, and the forced electric discharge work(of battery charging and discharging device through this embodiment are carried out with the constant current of 1031mA Can, (this process makes the present embodiment plumbic acid store so that the present embodiment cell voltage drops to 0V for the electric discharge and forced electric discharge operation Discharge process, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction occur on the positive plate or electrode A of battery Negative plate or electrode B 1, B2 on occur acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction discharge process), then make electricity through 36min again Cell voltage from 0V drops to ﹣ 1.75V, and (battery charging and discharging device is measured and the cell voltage that shows, and the same below, this process makes Charging process, this reality of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction occur on the positive plate or electrode A of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator Apply a lead-acid accumulator negative plate or electrode B 1, B2 on occur lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction charging process), to Up to after ﹣ 1.75V, continue that the constant current forced electric discharge of 1031mA is kept (at this moment to measure cell voltage from ﹣ 1.75V to drop to for 3 hours About ﹣ 2.15V, this process still so that acid accumulator negative pole lead electricity occurs on the positive plate (electrode A) of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator Lead acid battery positive electrode electricity occurs in the charging process of pole reaction, the negative plate (electrode B 1, B2) of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator The charging process of pole reaction), then, charge and discharge electric appliance then carries out forced charge to the battery with the constant current of 1031mA and (measures The charging of this process takes 23 minutes, cell voltage from about ﹣ 2.15V rises to 0V (this process makes the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator Positive plate or electrode A on occur the discharge process of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator it is negative The discharge process of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction occurs on pole plate or electrode B 1, B2), after cell voltage reaches 0V, fill Discharger automatically continues to charge to battery with the constant current of 258.4mA, after so that cell voltage is reached 1.75V through 08 minute 1 hour (this process so that filling for lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction occurs on the positive plate or electrode A of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator Filling for acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction occurs in electric process, the negative plate of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or electrode B 1, B2 Electric process), then charging 41 minutes 8 hours is continued to battery with the constant current of 412mA so that it measures cell voltage and reaches 2.65V, so Afterwards, it switches to and is charged with 2.65V constant pressures to the battery, and this constant-voltage charge is made to keep 3 hours (this constant current, constant-voltage charges Positive plate or electrode A are positive and negative pole plate in the process or electrode B 1, B2 are negative), after the completion of this constant-voltage charge, so far, complete to this The third of embodiment battery, the 4th positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, then by the present embodiment Battery rotates back into original, the same storage, storage configuration.
The present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is during next storage, at regular intervals, that is, carries out an at least phase class It inverts and subsequent charges like above-mentioned polarity twice in succession or charge and discharge is electrically operated, so that the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator Storage life, ability to work is enhanced, is safeguarded, is restored, kept or is improved after storage.
The positive and negative electrode polarity of one phase twice in succession inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge operating process, and illustrates It is as follows：
The rated voltage of the present embodiment valve controlled sealed lead-acid accumulator group (VRLAB) or tubular cells group lies prostrate for U, specified Capacity is C2(2h rates, 25 DEG C), C5(5h rates, 25 DEG C) or C20(20h rates, 25 DEG C), wherein U=6,12,24,36,48,60 or 72, C2=6.5Ah, 12Ah, 14Ah, 16Ah, 20Ah, 24Ah, 30Ah or 32Ah, alternatively, C5=8.6Ah, 15.9Ah, 18.6Ah, 21.2Ah, 26.5Ah, 31.9Ah, 39.8Ah or 42.5Ah are alternatively, C20=10.4Ah, 19.2Ah, 22.4Ah, 25.6Ah, 32Ah, 38.4Ah, 48Ah or 51.2Ah.The present embodiment lead-acid batteries just extremely electrode A 1, A2 ..., An (n=positive integers), And be connected to the leading-out terminal A of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, the cathode of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries be electrode B 1, B2 ..., Bn (n=positive integers), and be connected to the leading-out terminal B of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries.When the present embodiment plumbic acid stores After battery pack carried out 1 time or more cycle charge-discharge work, it is allowed in standing storage state, at the lead-acid batteries Reach certain after a certain period of time in standing storage state, start automatic to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries or/and manually carries out The polarity of one phase twice in succession inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, that is, operation (1) step：With a constant current source or/ Antipole charging is carried out to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries with voltage source, the electric current of antipole charging is C2、C5、0.5C20、0.3C2、 3C2Or 5C5In the charging of one or more or antipole voltage be it is one or more in 0.5U volts, U volts, 1.5U volts, 2U volts, So that the electrode As 1 of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, A2 ..., the polarity of An by original positive polarity be inverted to negative polarity, Electrode B 1, B2 ..., the polarity of Bn positive polarity (this is inverted for the first time polarity of current period) is inverted to by original negative polarity, Then, (2) step is operated：Charge and discharge are continued to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, charge or discharge electric current is C2、C5、 0.5C20、0.3C2、3C2Or 5C5In one or more or charge or discharge voltage be 0.5U volt, U volt, 1.5U volt, 2U volt in It is one or more so that the electrode As 1 of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, A2 ..., acid accumulator negative pole lead electricity occurs on An The charging of pole reaction or/and exoelectrical reaction process, electrode B 1, B2 ..., lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction occurs on Bn Charging or/and exoelectrical reaction process, when the electricity to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries charge or discharge reaches 4C2、3C5、 0.5C20、0.3C2、3C2Or 5C5When or voltage reach 0.6U volt, U volt, 1.2U volt, 2.1U volt when, then operate (3) step：With 3C2、2.5C5、0.5C20、0.8C2、6C2Or 2C5It is one or more anti-to the progress of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries in electric current Charge pole so that the electrode As 1 of this implementations lead-acid batteries, A2 ..., plumbic acid acid accumulator negative electrode occur on An react Discharge process, electrode B 1, B2 ..., the discharge process of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction occurs on Bn, until electrode A 1, A2 ... the polarity of An by negative polarity be inverted to positive polarity, electrode B 1, B2 ..., the polarity of Bn be inverted to by positive polarity it is negative Polarity (this is inverted for second of the polarity of current period), then operates (4) step：The present embodiment lead-acid batteries are continued Charging or charge and discharge, charge or discharge electric current are C2、2C5、0.5C20、0.1C2、3C2Or 0.05C5In it is one or more or fill Piezoelectric voltage is one or more in 0.7U volts, 0.9U volts, 1.1U volts, 1.7U volts, and charge and discharge are direct current or pulse charge and discharge, are made The electrode As 1 of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, A2 ..., occur on An lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction charging or/ With discharge process, electrode B 1, B2 ..., charging or the/discharge process of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction, this mistake occur on Bn Journey is charged to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries charge and discharge or/and the electricity of electric discharge is when reaching certain value, such as 6C2、3C5、 2C20、8C2、3C2、0.5C2Or 2C5Or battery voltage is when reaching certain value, such as 0.7U volts, 0.9U volts, 1.05U volts or 1.4U is lied prostrate, and terminates current period positive and negative electrode sex reversal twice in succession and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, then by the present embodiment Lead-acid batteries, which are put into stand, to be continued to stand storage under storage state.In this way, it is similar, as needed or set, in due course, Periodically or non-periodically to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries during standing and storing, carry out a phase or more phases twice in succession or even Continuous four polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, make the present embodiment lead-acid batteries storage life, storage Ability to work is enhanced, is safeguarded, is restored, is improved, is kept afterwards.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, for lead-acid batteries, positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and thereafter Charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated include distinguish operation, i.e., institute is individually only carried out to some monocell in lead-acid batteries It states the reversion of positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, or only to certain monocells in lead-acid batteries It carries out the positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, positive and negative electrode is subjected to polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge Operation includes carrying out the operation of pulse charge or/and electric discharge.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the electrode for the lead-acid accumulator that method is fabricated through this embodiment For the positive and negative anodes current electrode each other with identical active material or identical active matter formula.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the electrode for the lead-acid accumulator that method is fabricated through this embodiment For positive and negative anodes current electrode of equal value each other.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the electrode for the lead-acid accumulator that method is fabricated through this embodiment For same positive and negative anodes current electrode.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the present embodiment positive and negative electrode carry out polarity reversion and subsequent charging or Charge and discharge is electrically operated to be realized by a kind of circuit, and the circuit of the present embodiment stores lead-acid accumulator or/and plumbic acid with described The function that anode, the cathode of battery pack carry out polarity reversion or polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, and can Or it is >=1 time to be actually effected or carried out total cumulative number of the function.The present embodiment circuit is effected or carried out the positive and negative electrode Polarity inverts or polarity reversion and subsequent charging or the electrically operated method of charge and discharge include：To the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or electricity Pond group carries out antipole charging；The present embodiment circuit is anti-by lead-acid accumulator or/and the positive and negative electrode of lead-acid batteries progress polarity Turn or polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated including automatic or/and progress manually.
Embodiment 2
The method that the present embodiment enhances, safeguards ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage, packet It includes, by the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack during storage, carries out lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries are positive, negative Pole polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, and lead-acid accumulator described in the present embodiment or battery pack are carried out or carried out Total cumulative number that anode, negative polarity invert and subsequent charge or charge and discharge is electrically operated is >=2 times.Described in the present embodiment just Pole, negative polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, that is, positive electrode, negative electrode are carried out polarity reversion, and at this After polarity reversion, charging will be carried out by the electrode of polarity reversion or charge and discharge is electrically operated.
It carries out described in the present embodiment or is inverted by carry out lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries anode, negative polarity And subsequent charging or the electrically operated method of charge and discharge are：When storage, the resting period reach a certain setting value, such as 7 days, 15 days, 1.5 A month, 4 months, 6 months, 2 years, that is, start automatically or/and manually to carry out the anode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, cathode The reversion of single polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, then, then the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator are come back to The state of storage, storage.Single polarity reversion and thereafter is carried out for anode, the cathode to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator Charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated, after secondary polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated so that the present embodiment plumbic acid Accumulator is stored or is stored with the polarization state or polar orientation of the electrode after the secondary polarity reversion, if for example, this implementation The electrode A of example lead-acid accumulator is positive before secondary polarity reversion, then after secondary polarity reversion, when storage battery, and electricity Pole A is cathode, if corresponding electrode B is cathode before secondary polarity reversion, after secondary polarity reversion, and when storage battery, Electrode B is anode.
Single polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge operating process, is illustrated below：
All operations carried out to battery of following the present embodiment are that the present embodiment battery fills in addition to illustrating manually What discharger was realized by its function and work.The rated voltage of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is 2V, designs rated capacity For 745mAh (2h rates, 25 DEG C), the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator includes two panels surface plate grating electrode, which is just Cathode current electrode (i.e. the general electrode of anode, cathode), and two plate electrode is same positive and negative anodes current electrode, that is, no Consider that the foozle generated when manufacture electrode, two panels the present embodiment lead-acid battery electrode exist each other by before being melted into All electrodes are constituted, manufacture view (such as electrode structure, appearance, collector, lead paste formula and lead plaster quality, manufacture technology) is complete Exactly the same, after being melted into, which is then respectively formed anode and cathode, which is respectively designated as electricity Pole A, electrode B, the active material quality being averaged on per plate electrode are 12.17g, are separated with AGM partition boards between two plate electrode, this two Plate electrode be not when the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator works it is fixed always be used as positive or negative pole, when most starting, electrode A is made For anode, electrode B as cathode (be denoted as A+/B-, similarly using electrode A as cathode, electrode B as it is positive when be denoted as A-/B+, It is the same below) chemical conversion and work of battery are carried out, by pure lead, (lead content is the present embodiment lead-acid battery electrode collector It is 99.994%, the same below) material is made, and it is planar gate format collector, width × a height of 40mm × 70mm of the collector shape, Thickness × width of its frame is 1.2mm × 1.5mm, and the grid lamella thickness in collector frame is 0.1mm, even equal on grid thin plate It is provided with the circular hole of a diameter of 2.5mm, the distance between each two bore edges are 2.5mm, and the present embodiment lead paste formula includes Lead oxide powder (100% oxidizability), BaSO4(0.8%, mass percent, relative to lead oxide powder), sulfuric acid, water, staple fiber, The present embodiment lead-acid battery electrode, including the present embodiment collector and the present embodiment lead plaster, the present embodiment lead plaster is uniformly applied It is distributed in the present embodiment collector, so that the lead plaster plane on electrode plate surface is parallel to the jamb surface of collector, is placed in room temperature It dries in the air in (about 15 DEG C) air and obtains the present embodiment lead-acid battery electrode to slightly dry, appearance and size is wide × and height × thickness is 40mm ×70mm×1.2mm.Sulfuric acid solution density in the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is 1.27g/cm3,
Specifically, by programming initially set up when the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator in the storage position, storage time reaches At 10 days, starts to carry out the reversion of first time single positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging to battery or charge and discharge is electrically operated.That is, right The present embodiment battery makes cell voltage be down to 0.04V with 337mA constant current discharges, then stops electric discharge, it is carried out to the battery The polarity of positive and negative electrode inverts, i.e., the polarity of battery charging and discharging device output end inverts (charge and discharge electrical output terminal through this embodiment Polarity reversion is realized by the relay circuit contact open and close state transformation in charge and discharge electric appliance), by charge and discharge electric appliance and this reality The connection status for applying a lead-acid accumulator is connect from charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end with lead-acid battery electrode A, charge and discharge electric appliance is negative Pole output end is connect with lead-acid battery electrode B, change connect with lead-acid battery electrode A at, charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end, Charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end is connect with lead-acid battery electrode B, and after the transformation of this connection status, the cell voltage measured is negative Value, then, charges to the present embodiment battery with the constant current of 169mA, and cell voltage is made to rise to 0V then again from negative value It rises to 1.75V and (reversion of the present embodiment battery first time polarity occurs during this, wherein cell voltage rises to 0V from negative value In the process, the discharge process of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction occurs in electrode A, acid accumulator negative pole lead occurs in electrode B During rising to 1.75V from 0V acid accumulator negative pole lead electricity occurs for the discharge process of electrode reaction, cell voltage in electrode A The charging process of pole reaction, the charging process that lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction occurs in electrode B) when cell voltage reaches After 1.75V, continues to charge to 2.65V to battery with the constant current of 269mA, then battery is put with 337mA constant currents again Then electricity, then is charged the battery with the constant current of 201mA until 1.75V, until cell voltage reach 2.65V make into 2.65V carries out constant-voltage charge to battery, total time of charging (constant current, constant pressure) twice finally be 7 hours 24 points, it is so far, complete The reversion of first time single positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge of pairs of the present embodiment battery are electrically operated, at this time battery Electrode condition be inverted to A-/B+ from A+/B-.Then, under the electrode condition that electrode A is cathode, electrode B is anode, Make the battery reenter under the same storage state to continue to store.
Next when the present embodiment battery continues storage after, again from zero calculating its storage time, when stored between reach After 15 days, starts to carry out second of single positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging to battery or charge and discharge is electrically operated.That is, right The present embodiment battery makes cell voltage be down to 0.02V with 337mA constant current discharges, then stops electric discharge, it is carried out to the battery The polarity of positive and negative electrode inverts, i.e., the polarity of charge and discharge electrical output terminal inverts the (polarity of charge and discharge electrical output terminal through this embodiment Reversion is realized by the relay circuit contact open and close state transformation in charge and discharge electric appliance), by charge and discharge electric appliance and the present embodiment The connection status of lead-acid accumulator is connect from charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end with lead-acid battery electrode B, charge and discharge electric appliance cathode is defeated Outlet is connect with lead-acid battery electrode A, change connect with lead-acid battery electrode A at, charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end, charge and discharge Electric appliance cathode output end is connect with lead-acid battery electrode B, and after the transformation of this connection status, the cell voltage measured is negative value, so Afterwards, it is charged to the present embodiment battery with the constant current of 269mA, cell voltage is made to rise to 0V from negative value and then rise to again (second of the polarity reversion of the present embodiment battery occurs for 2.65V, wherein cell voltage rises to 0V processes from negative value during this In, the discharge process of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction occurs in electrode A, lead acid battery positive electrode electrode occurs in electrode B The discharge process of reaction, it is anti-that during rising to 2.65V from 0V lead acid battery positive electrode electrode occurs for cell voltage in electrode A The charging process of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction occurs in the charging process answered, electrode B), so far, complete to the present embodiment Second of single positive and negative electrode polarity of battery invert and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated, the electrode condition of battery has been at this time It is inverted to A+/B- from A-/B+.Then, under the electrode condition that electrode A is anode, electrode B is cathode, make the battery again Continue to store under into the same storage state.
Next when the present embodiment battery continues storage after, again from zero calculating its storage time, when stored between reach 9 After it, starts to carry out the reversion of third time single positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging to battery or charge and discharge is electrically operated.That is, to electricity Pond makes cell voltage be down to ﹣ 0.05V with 337mA constant current discharges, then stops electric discharge, carries out the battery such as the present embodiment The identical operation of single positive and negative electrode polarity reversion is carried out to battery for the first time, then, with the constant current of 200mA to transformation The present embodiment battery of electrode connection status carries out charging 45 minutes, then proceedes to charge to battery with the constant current of 269mA Then 2.65V again discharges to battery with 337mA constant currents, until 1.75V, then, then with the constant current of 201mA to battery It charges, until cell voltage reaches 2.65V and makes into carry out constant-voltage charge to battery with 2.65V, charging twice finally is (permanent Stream, constant pressure) total time be 7 hours 24 points, so far, complete it is anti-to the third time single positive and negative electrode polarity of the present embodiment battery Turn and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated, the electrode condition of battery is inverted to A-/B+ from A+/B- at this time.Then, in electricity Under the electrode condition that pole A is cathode, electrode B is anode, so that the battery is reentered storage state and continue to store.
Next when the present embodiment battery continues storage after, again from zero calculating its storage time, when stored between reach After 11 days, starts to carry out the 4th single positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging to battery or charge and discharge is electrically operated.That is, right Battery continues electric discharge with 257mA constant currents makes cell voltage be down to 0.03V, then stops electric discharge, it is positive and negative to carry out its to the battery The polarity reverse turn operation of pole, operating method and process carry out second of single positive and negative electrode polarity to battery with the present embodiment and invert It is identical, electrode connection status transformation after, the present embodiment battery is carried out with the constant current of 169mA to charge to 1.75V, then Continue to charge to battery 4 minutes with the constant current of 269mA, then be charged the battery again to 2.65V with 307mA constant currents, Then it is charged the battery 4 hours with the constant voltage of 2.65V, battery is discharged to the constant current of 337mAh again then Then 1.75V, then is charged the battery with the constant current of 201mA, until cell voltage reaches 2.65V and makes into 2.65V pairs Battery carries out constant-voltage charge, total time of charging (constant current, constant pressure) twice finally be 7 hours 24 points, so far, complete to this reality The 4th single positive and negative electrode polarity for applying a battery inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, at this time the electrode shape of battery State is inverted to A+/B- from A-/B+.Then, under the electrode condition that electrode A is anode, electrode B is cathode, make the battery Storage state is reentered to continue to store.
In this way, similar above-mentioned operation, whenever storage time of the present embodiment battery during storage reaches certain time Afterwards, i.e., a single positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging are carried out to the present embodiment battery or charge and discharge is electrically operated, grasped every time After the completion of work, the present embodiment battery is made to continue to store, to work after making the present embodiment lead-acid batteries storage life, storage Ability is enhanced, is safeguarded, is restored, kept or is improved.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the polarity reverse turn operation of the present embodiment battery charging and discharging device output end, Also the control circuit management control polarity of battery charging and discharging device circuit inverts the thyristor in execution circuit through this embodiment Switching state transformation is inverted to realize or be controlled in execution circuit by management by the polarity that transistor, inductance, capacitance are constituted The working condition of circuit becomes forced electric discharge, the forced charge action for bringing and realizing or controlling constant-current source or constant pressure source by management Change brings realization.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, all or part of of the present embodiment charge and discharge appliance circuit is whole with battery It is combined, is used as a product on the whole.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the present embodiment method is applied to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, The rated voltage of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries is 12V, rated capacity 20Ah, in method implements operation, mainly to behaviour Made corresponding variation in the setting and execution of the numerical value of voltage, electric current, capacity in work etc., e.g., by lead-acid batteries into Row antipole charge and cause polarity reversion occur after, to battery pack charging make battery voltage rise to 8V, 10.8V, 13.3V, Stop charging after 15.5V, charging current is 0.3 multiplying power, 0.5 multiplying power, 1 multiplying power, 2 multiplying powers.
Single polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge operating process, and is illustrated below：
The rated voltage of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is 2V, and design rated capacity is 821mAh (2h rates, 25 DEG C), this reality It includes two panels surface plate grating electrode to apply a lead-acid accumulator, which is positive and negative anodes current electrode (i.e. anode, cathode General electrode), while being also same positive and negative anodes current electrode, that is, do not consider to manufacture the foozle generated when electrode, it should Two panels the present embodiment lead-acid battery electrode constitutes by before being melted into, each other in all electrodes, manufacture view (such as electrode knot Structure, appearance, collector, lead paste formula and lead plaster quality, manufacture technology etc.) it is identical, after being melted into, two plate electrode Then be respectively formed anode and cathode, which is respectively defined as electrode A, electrode B, when most starting, using electrode A as Anode, electrode B carry out the chemical conversion and work of battery as cathode, are separated with AGM partition boards between two plate electrode, are wrapped in lead paste formula Include ball milling lead powder, BaSO4(0.8%, mass percent, relative to ball milling lead powder), sulfuric acid, water, staple fiber, it is average per plate electrode On active material quality be 13.41g, the sulfuric acid solution density in the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is 1.27g/cm3。
Specifically, when the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator in the storage position, when storage time reaches 15 days, start to battery It carries out the reversion of first time single positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated.That is, continuing battery with 371mA perseverances Current discharge makes cell voltage be down to 0.04V, then stops electric discharge, and the polarity that its positive and negative electrode is carried out to the battery inverts, i.e., logical Cross the present embodiment charge and discharge electrical output terminal polarity reversion (charge and discharge electrical output terminal polarity reversion be by charge and discharge electric appliance What relay circuit contact open and close state transformation was realized), by the connection status of charge and discharge electric appliance and lead-acid accumulator from charge and discharge electric appliance Cathode output end is connect with lead-acid battery electrode A, charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end is connect with lead-acid battery electrode B, is changed It is connect with lead-acid battery electrode A at, charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end, charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end and lead-acid battery electrode B connections, after the transformation of this connection status, the cell voltage measured is negative value, then, is become to connection status with the constant current of 186mA The present embodiment battery after changing charges, and cell voltage is made to rise to 0V from negative value and then rise to 1.75V again (during this The reversion of the present embodiment battery first time polarity occurs, during negative value rises to 0V lead occurs for wherein cell voltage in electrode A The discharge process of acid accumulator anode electrode reaction, the discharge process that acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction occurs in electrode B, electricity Charging process, the electrode of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction occur during rising to 1.75V from 0V in electrode A for cell voltage The charging process of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction occurs on B), after cell voltage reaches 1.75V, continue with 222mA's Constant current charges to 2.65V to battery, then again with the constant voltage of 2.65V charge the battery 4 hours 16 points, then with 371mA constant currents discharge to battery, until 1.75V, then, then are charged the battery with the constant current of 222mA, until electricity Cell voltage, which reaches 2.65V, to be made into carry out constant-voltage charge 5 hours to battery with 2.65V, after charging, so far, is completed to this reality The first time single positive and negative electrode polarity for applying a battery inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, at this time the electrode shape of battery State is changed into A-/B+ from A+/B-.Then, under the electrode condition that electrode A is cathode, electrode B is anode, make the battery It reenters under storage state and carries out continuing to store.It is 7031mAh to the charging capacity of battery after this time polarity reversion.
Next, the present embodiment battery, during continuing storage, storage time is calculated from zero again, when the present embodiment electricity Pond continue storage during storage time reach 15 days again when, the present embodiment charge and discharge electric appliance automatically started to battery into The preparation and formal operation that second of single positive and negative electrode polarity of row inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, i.e., to battery So that cell voltage is down to 0.02V with 400mA constant current discharges, then stops electric discharge, the polarity of its positive and negative electrode is carried out to the battery Reversion, i.e., (the polarity reversion of charge and discharge electrical output terminal is by filling for the polarity reversion of charge and discharge electrical output terminal through this embodiment What the relay circuit contact open and close state transformation in discharger was realized), by the connection status of charge and discharge electric appliance and lead-acid accumulator It is connect from charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end with lead-acid battery electrode B, charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end and lead-acid battery electrode A Connection, change connect with lead-acid battery electrode A at, charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end, charge and discharge electric appliance cathode output end and plumbic acid Battery terminal B connections, after the transformation of this connection status, the cell voltage measured is negative value, then, with the constant current pair of 186mA The present embodiment battery after connection status transformation charges 15 minutes, then is charged the battery with the constant current of 371mA, makes battery Voltage from negative value rise to 0V then rise to again 2.65V (second of the polarity reversion of the present embodiment battery occurs during this, During negative value rises to 0V discharge process, the electricity of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction occur for middle cell voltage in electrode A On the B of pole occur lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction discharge process, cell voltage from 0V rise to 2.65V during electrode The charging process of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction occurs on A, filling for acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction occurs in electrode B Electric process), it is then charged 4 hours to battery with 2.65V constant voltages, battery is put with the constant current of 371mA again again then Electricity is to 1.75V, then, then with the constant current of 222mA charge the battery 7 hours 25 points, then again with 2.65V constant voltages pair Battery charge 7 hours 25 points, so far, complete to the reversion of second of single positive and negative electrode polarity of the present embodiment battery and subsequent Charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, and the electrode condition of battery is changed into A+/B- from A-/B+ at this time.Then, make in electrode A to be just Pole, electrode B be cathode electrode condition under, so that the battery is reentered under storage state and continue to store, this time polarity reversion after Total charging capacity to battery is 6659mAh.
During the storage of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, the present embodiment class as described above repeatedly, repeatedly, interspersedly is carried out It is similar to for the first time or secondary single positive and negative electrode polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, that is, realize this reality Apply third time, the 4th time that a lead-acid accumulator carries out or carried out during its storage ..., the 9th single just, Negative polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated.
Single polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge operating process, and is illustrated below：
The present embodiment lead-acid batteries are full tube type lead-acid accumulator group, and rated voltage 4V, rated capacity is 539mAh(C3.5, 3.5h rates, 25 DEG C) and it is connected in series by two mutually the same full tube type lead-acid accumulators, every full tubular type All electrodes of lead-acid accumulator are tubular pole, and those tubular poles are positive and negative anodes current electrode (i.e. anode, cathode General electrode), and those pipe type positive/negative current electrodes are identical on electrode structure and active matter formula, each tubular type is just The casing interior diameter of cathode current electrode is 6.3mm, casing height is 75mm (including pipe close), and lead-Calcium alloy is conductive in casing Bone core diameter is 2.5mm, and every full tube type lead-acid accumulator includes 3 pipe type positive/negative current electrodes, for the ease of this implementation Example follow-up explanation, by 6 pipe type positive/negative current electrodes of the present embodiment lead accumulator group be respectively designated as electrode A 1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, arrangement mode in every full tube type lead-acid accumulator of this 6 electrodes in the present embodiment lead-acid batteries For：Electrode B 1 is clipped between electric A1, A2 or electrode B 2 is clipped between electrode A 3, A4, living in electrode A 1 or A2 or A3 or A4 casings Property substance quality be 5.8g, the active material quality in electrode B 1 or B2 casings is 5.5g, electrode A 1, A2, A3, Active material in A4, B1, B2 is made of ball milling lead powder, barium sulfate (being 0.8wt% relative to ball milling lead powder), this is implemented Two leading-out terminals of example lead-acid batteries are respectively designated as battery terminal A, B, and wherein battery terminal A is connected to electrode A1 or A2 or A3 or A4, battery terminal B are connected to electrode B 1 or B2, and the present embodiment lead-acid batteries are followed its most initial During ring charge/discharge operation, electrode A 1, A2, A3, A4 carry out cycle operation (i.e. electrode in On The Cycle Working Process as anode A1, A2, A3, A4 it is upper happens is that lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction charge and discharge process), electrode B 1, B2 as cathode into Row cycle operation (i.e. in On The Cycle Working Process electrode B 1, B2 it is upper happens is that acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction charge and discharge Process), i.e., at this time the polarity of battery terminal A be just, the polarity of battery terminal B be negative, be expressed as A+/B- (similarly, when The polarity of battery terminal A be bear, the polarity of battery terminal B is timing, be expressed as A-/B+), between positive and negative tubular pole It is separated with partition board, the density for the electrolyte sulfuric acid solution that the present embodiment lead-acid batteries use is 1.27g/cm3。
Specifically, electrically operated for the reversion of first time single positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge：When this implementation During example lead-acid batteries are in storage and after reaching certain storage time, at this point, electrode A 1, the polarity of A2, A3, A4 are Just, electrode B 1, the polarity of B2 are negative, stop the cycle operation of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, by the positive and negative of charging/discharging apparatus Output end carries out antipole with the positive and negative electrode leading-out terminal of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries at this time and connect, that is, charging/discharging apparatus Positive output end is connect with the negative output terminals (battery terminal B) of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, and charging/discharging apparatus is born Output end is connected with the positive output terminals (battery terminal A) of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, after antipole connection, charge and discharge Electric equipment measure the present embodiment lead-acid batteries voltage be -5.53V, then, to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries with The electric current of 458mA charges in the state that the antipole connects so that the positive and negative electrode of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries exports The voltage (charging/discharging apparatus measured value, the present embodiment in the same below) at end rises to 0V from -5.53V and rises to 5.8V again, this mistake The reversion of first time polarity has occurred in the present embodiment lead-acid batteries in journey, that is, during -5.53V rises to 0V, electrode A1, A2, A3, A4 are upper main happens is that the upper main generation of discharge process, electrode B 1, the B2 of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction Be acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction discharge process, and during 0V rises to 5.8V, electrode A 1, A2, A3, A4 Above mainly happens is that the charging process of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction, electrode B 1, B2 are upper main happens is that plumbic acid stores The charging process of anode electrode reaction is keeping charging/discharging apparatus output end and the present embodiment lead-acid batteries output end Son connection status it is constant in the case of, then with 152.7mA to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries carry out electric discharge 14 minutes extremely 3.5V then again with the electric current constant-current charge of 229mA 8 hours to 5.72V, then, then with 152.7mA 2 minutes are discharged to 4.5V, Then, it is negative, electrode cell group terminal B in the polarity of battery terminal A then then with 114mA constant-current charges 3 hours to 5.5V Polarity be positive electrode condition under, the present embodiment lead-acid batteries are put under storage state and continue to store.When this reality After a lead-acid batteries are applied in the case where continuing storage state and continues to store and reaches 1 month, start to store the present embodiment plumbic acid Battery pack carries out second of single positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated：By charging/discharging apparatus just, Negative output terminal carries out antipole with the positive and negative electrode leading-out terminal of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries at this time and connect, that is, charging/discharging apparatus Positive output end connect with the negative output terminal (battery terminal A) of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries at this time, charging/discharging apparatus Negative output terminal be connected with the positive output terminal (battery terminal B) of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries at this time, antipole connection Afterwards, the voltage that charging/discharging apparatus measures the present embodiment lead-acid batteries is -4.54V, then, to the present embodiment lead acid storage battery Pond group is charged with the electric current of 459mA in the state that the antipole connects so that the output of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries Voltage (charging/discharging apparatus measured value, the present embodiment in the same below) rises to 0V from -4.54V and rises to 5.8V again, and it is small to last 4 When 30 minutes, second of polarity reversion has occurred in the present embodiment lead-acid batteries during this, that is, rises to 0V from -4.54V During, electrode A 1, A2, A3, A4 are upper mainly happens is that discharge process, the electrode of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction B1, B2 it is upper main happens is that lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction discharge process, and during 0V rises to 5.8V, Electrode A 1, A2, A3, A4 are upper mainly happens is that the charging process of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction, electrode B 1, B2 are upper main Happens is that the charging process of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction, is keeping charging/discharging apparatus output end and the present embodiment plumbic acid In the case that the connection status of battery pack output is constant, then with 152.7mA the present embodiment lead-acid batteries are carried out Electric discharge 17 minutes is to 3.5V, then again with the electric current constant-current charge of 229mA 8 hours to 5.41V, then, then is discharged with 152.7mA 2 minutes to 4.23V, then, then with 114mA constant-current charges 3 hours to 5.26V, then, the polarity of battery terminal A be just, The polarity of electrode cell group terminal B is under negative electrode condition, by the present embodiment lead-acid batteries put under storage state after Renew storage.
In this way, during the storage of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, repeatedly, repeatedly, interspersedly carry out class as described above It is similar to the present embodiment for the first time or secondary single positive and negative electrode polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, i.e., in fact Showed third time of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries during its storage, the 4th time, the 5th time, the 6th time ... .., the Y times The reversion of single positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated (Y is positive integer), every time after the completion of operation, make this Embodiment battery continues to store, to make after the present embodiment lead-acid batteries storage life, storage ability to work be enhanced, It safeguards, restore, improve or keeps.
In the present embodiment, fast charging and discharging pulse current, pulse voltage can also be used to carry out the anode of this example, cathode Polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the positive and negative electrode of the full tube type lead-acid accumulator group of the present embodiment or institute is said It is same pipe type positive/negative current electrode to have electrode, that is, does not consider to manufacture the foozle generated when electrode, the present embodiment All electrodes of full tube type lead-acid accumulator group say all tubular poles by before being melted into, constitute each other in all electrodes, Manufacture view (such as electrode structure, appearance, conductive bone core, casing, fluid confluence, active matter formula and quality, manufacture technology) Identical, after being melted into, each tubular pole of the full tube type lead-acid accumulator group of the present embodiment is then respectively formed anode Or cathode.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the positive and negative electrode of the full tube type lead-acid accumulator group of the present embodiment or institute is said There is the pipe type positive/negative current electrode that electrode is of equal value each other, that is, after electrode is by chemical conversion or charge and discharge, in lead acid storage battery During the work or use of pond group, in the case of not considering error component, each tubular pole of the present embodiment has or shows Go out identical function and performance.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, for lead-acid batteries, positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and thereafter Charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated include distinguish operation, i.e., institute is individually only carried out to some monocell in lead-acid batteries It states the reversion of positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, or only to certain monocells in lead-acid batteries It carries out the positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, positive and negative electrode is subjected to polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge Operation includes carrying out the operation of pulse charge or/and electric discharge.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the electrode for the lead-acid accumulator that method is fabricated through this embodiment For the positive and negative anodes current electrode each other with identical active material or identical active matter formula.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the electrode for the lead-acid accumulator that method is fabricated through this embodiment For positive and negative anodes current electrode of equal value each other.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the electrode for the lead-acid accumulator that method is fabricated through this embodiment For same positive and negative anodes current electrode.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the present embodiment positive and negative electrode carry out polarity reversion and subsequent charging or Charge and discharge is electrically operated to be realized by a kind of circuit, and the circuit of the present embodiment stores lead-acid accumulator or/and plumbic acid with described The function that anode, the cathode of battery pack carry out polarity reversion or polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, and can Or it is >=1 time to be actually effected or carried out total cumulative number of the function.The present embodiment circuit is effected or carried out the positive and negative electrode Polarity inverts or polarity reversion and subsequent charging or the electrically operated method of charge and discharge include：To the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or electricity Pond group carries out antipole charging；The present embodiment circuit is anti-by lead-acid accumulator or/and the positive and negative electrode of lead-acid batteries progress polarity Turn or polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated including automatic or/and progress manually.
Embodiment 3
The method that the present embodiment enhances, safeguards ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage, packet It includes, by the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack during storage, carries out lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries are positive, negative Pole polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, and lead-acid accumulator described in the present embodiment or battery pack are carried out or carried out Total cumulative number that anode, negative polarity invert and subsequent charge or charge and discharge is electrically operated is >=2 times.Described in the present embodiment just Pole, negative polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, that is, positive electrode, negative electrode are carried out polarity reversion, and at this After polarity reversion, charging will be carried out by the electrode of polarity reversion or charge and discharge is electrically operated.
It carries out described in the present embodiment or is inverted by carry out lead-acid accumulator or/and lead-acid batteries anode, negative polarity And subsequent charging or the electrically operated method of charge and discharge are：When storage, the resting period reach a certain setting value, such as 7 days, 15 days, 1.5 A month, 4 months, 6 months, 2 years, that is, start automatically or/and manually to carry out the anode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, cathode The reversion of single polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated or to the anode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, cathode into The polarity reversion twice in succession of one phase of row and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, then, then by the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator Come back to the state of storage, storage.It is anti-for the anode to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, a cathode progress single polarity Turn and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated, after secondary polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated so that this reality A lead-acid accumulator is applied to be stored or stored with the polarization state or polar orientation of the electrode after the secondary polarity reversion, for example, If the electrode A of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is positive before the secondary polarity reversion, after the secondary polarity reversion, storage electricity Chi Shi, electrode A are cathode, if corresponding electrode B is cathode before the secondary polarity reversion, after the secondary polarity reversion, and storage When battery, electrode B is anode.Similarly, if the polarization state or polar orientation of electrode A or electrode B before the secondary polarity reversion are anti- It, then, electrode A or electrode B are after secondary polarity reversion, and when storage battery, polarization state or polar orientation are also on the contrary；For right The anode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, the polarity of cathode one phase of progress twice in succession inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge behaviour Make, this implementations lead-acid accumulator the phase twice in succession anode, negative polarity reversion and subsequent charge or charge and discharge it is electrically operated after, When storage battery, anode, negative polarity state or polar orientation and the phase twice in succession anode, negative polarity invert and subsequent Charging or charge and discharge it is preoperative identical, if for example, the electrode A of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator the phase twice in succession anode, It is anode before negative polarity reversion, then after the phase twice in succession anode, negative polarity reversion, when storage battery, electrode A is still Anode, if corresponding electrode B was cathode before the phase twice in succession polarity reversion, after the phase twice in succession polarity reversion still It is cathode.Repeatedly, more phases carry out the present embodiment in lead-acid accumulator or entire period of battery pack storage, storage The reversion of above-mentioned single polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated or to the anode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, cathode into The polarity of one phase of row twice in succession inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, to solve, improve, prevent, repair, reverse Lead-acid accumulator or lead-acid batteries occurred during storage, storage, transport as vulcanization, passivation, burn into recrystallization, The problems such as inactivation, electrolyte stratification, stores the longevity to enhance, safeguard, restore, keep, improve lead-acid accumulator or battery pack Ability to work after life, storage.
It is carried out in the other embodiment of the present embodiment, described in the present embodiment or by carry out lead-acid accumulator or/and lead Acid accumulator group anode, the method that negative polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated are：Whenever storage, resting period When reaching a certain setting value, that is, start to carry out a phase to the anode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, cathode automatically or/and manually Polarity invert and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated, then, then by the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator come back to storage, storage State, wherein included polarity reversion and subsequent filled during the reversion of each issue polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated Electricity or charge and discharge number of operations can be 1 time, 3 times, 4 times, 6 times, it is 9 inferior, for example, when storage, resting period reach a certain and set When definite value, that is, start automatically or/and manually to the anode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, cathode carry out 3 polarity reversions and Thereafter charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, then, then the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is come back to the state of storage, storage, when Storage, resting period be when reaching a certain setting value again, that is, start automatically or/and manually to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator just Pole, cathode carry out the reversion of 4 polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, then, then by the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator weight The new state for returning to storage, storage, others operation are similar.As a result, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or battery pack are being deposited Chu Shi, positive, the original cathode of original are in one kind in following three kinds of electrode conditions：(1) when storing, anode originally It is always anode, cathode originally is always cathode；(2) when storing, anode originally is always cathode, and cathode originally is always For anode；(3) when storing, original anode is positive sometimes, is cathode sometimes, correspondingly, original cathode be sometimes cathode, Sometimes it is anode；Positive, the original cathode of described original is not carried out any anode, negative polarity When reversion and subsequent charging or electrically operated charge and discharge, anode, the cathode of the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack.
Carry out the reversion of single polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated or to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator just Pole, the polarity of cathode progress twice in succession inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge operating process, is illustrated below：
The present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is surface plate grating lead-acid accumulator, and rated voltage 2V, rated capacity is 754mAh(C2.5, 2.5h rates, 25 DEG C), including two panels positive and negative anodes energization pole (i.e. the general electrode of anode, cathode), two panels electricity The grid of the grid collector of pole is rectangle, and two plate electrode is also same positive and negative anodes current electrode, that is, does not consider to manufacture The foozle generated when electrode, two panels the present embodiment lead-acid battery electrode is by before being melted into, each other in all electrodes Composition, manufacture view (such as electrode structure, appearance, collector, lead paste formula and lead plaster quality, manufacture technology) are identical, After being melted into, which is then respectively formed anode and cathode, and every the present embodiment surface plate grating positive and negative anodes are logical It is 1.3mm with the thickness of electrode, the width and height of frame are 38mm and 68mm, will for the ease of the follow-up explanation of the present embodiment Two surface plate grating positive and negative anodes current electrodes of the present embodiment lead accumulator are respectively designated as electrode A and electrode B, electrode A with The formula of the lead plaster of electrode B, quality all same, that is, electrode A, B lead paste formula by ball milling lead powder, barium sulfate (relative to ball Mill lead powder is 0.8wt%), other business commonly use cathode additive agent and constitute, dry lead plaster in electrode A, B (by smear, solidification, After drying) quality is 10.8g, and the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is in the cycle charge-discharge course of work of its most initial, electricity Pole A carries out cycle operation (happens is that lead acid battery positive electrode electrode in electrode A i.e. in the cycle charge discharge course of work as anode The charge and discharge process of reaction), electrode B as cathode carry out cycle charge discharge work (sent out in electrode B in the cycle charge discharge course of work Raw is the charge and discharge process of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction), partition board, this reality are separated between positive and negative electrode or electrode A, B It applies a lead-acid accumulator its electrode A, the polarization state of B or polar orientation in the cycle charge discharge course of work and is represented by A+/B- Or A-/B+, wherein A+/B- indicate the polarity of electrode A be just, the polarity of electrode B be negative, similarly, A-/B+ indicates electrode A Polarity be bear, the polarity of electrode B is just.The density for the electrolyte sulfuric acid solution that the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator uses is 1.27g/ cm3。
Specific method or process are as follows：For the present embodiment first time single anode, negative polarity reversion and subsequent fill Electricity or charge and discharge are electrically operated：When storage time of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator during storage reaches 14 days, at this point, electrode A Polarity be just, the polarity of electrode B is negative, carries out electric discharge 10min to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator with the electric current of 300mA, makes Its voltage is down to 0V, then by the positive and negative output end of charging/discharging apparatus and the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator originally positive, negative Pole carries out antipole connection, that is, the positive output end of charging/discharging apparatus is connect with the present embodiment lead-acid battery electrode B, and charge and discharge are set Standby negative output terminal is connected with the present embodiment lead-acid battery electrode A, and after antipole connection, charging/discharging apparatus measures the present embodiment The voltage of lead-acid accumulator is -2.07V, then, is connected in the antipole with the electric current of 150mA to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator In the state of charge so that voltage (charging/discharging apparatus measured value, this reality of the positive and negative electrode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator Apply the same below in example) it rises to 0V from -2.07V and rises to 1.76V again, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator has occurred during this First time polarity inverts, that is, main happens is that lead acid battery positive electrode in electrode A during -2.07V rises to 0V On the discharge process of electrode reaction, electrode B it is main happens is that acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction discharge process, and in 0V During rising to 1.76V, mainly happens is that the charging process of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction, electrode B in electrode A Above mainly happens is that the charging process of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction, is keeping charging/discharging apparatus output end and this implementation In the case that the connection status of example lead-acid accumulator output end is constant, then with 300mA the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is carried out permanent Then current charge, carries out constant-voltage charge 4 hours, then again with 300mA constant-current discharges in 36 minutes 3 hours to 2.65V with 2.65V To 1.75V, it is then recharged to full charge within 55 minutes, is then to bear, under electrode B is positive electrode condition in electrode A, by this reality A battery is applied to carry out continuing to store.After continuing storage, storage time is started from scratch calculating again, when the present embodiment lead acid storage battery Pond continue storage after, when storage time reaches 14 days again, to the present embodiment electricity lead-acid accumulator carry out second of single just Pole, negative polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated：The present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is carried out with the electric current of 300mA Electric discharge is so that its voltage is down to 0V, then at this time by the positive and negative output end of charging/discharging apparatus and the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator Anode, cathode carry out antipole connection, that is, the positive output end of charging/discharging apparatus is connect with the present embodiment lead-acid battery electrode A, is filled The negative output terminal of discharge equipment is connected with the present embodiment lead-acid battery electrode B, and after antipole connection, charging/discharging apparatus measures this The voltage of embodiment lead-acid accumulator is -2.14V, then, anti-at this with the electric current of 150mA to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator Charging 13 minutes 6 hours is carried out in the state of the connection of pole so that the voltage between the anode of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator, cathode (charging/discharging apparatus measured value, the present embodiment in the same below) rises to 0V from -2.14V and rises to 1.76V again, during this this Second of polarity reversion has occurred in embodiment lead-acid accumulator, that is, main in electrode A during -2.14V rises to 0V Happens is that main happens is that lead acid battery positive electrode is electric in the discharge process of acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction, electrode B The discharge process of pole reaction, and during 0V rises to 1.76V, it is main happens is that lead acid battery positive electrode in electrode A The charging process of electrode reaction, it is main in electrode B happens is that acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction charging process, keeping In the case that the connection status of charging/discharging apparatus output end and the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator output end is constant, then with 300mA pairs The present embodiment lead-acid accumulator carries out constant-current charge 11 minutes 5 hours to 2.65V, then, it is small to carry out constant-voltage charge 4 with 2.65V When, then again with 300mA constant-current discharges 49 minutes to 1.75V, full charge is then charged to, then, the present embodiment plumbic acid is stored Battery is just, under electrode B is negative electrode condition, puts into again under storage state and continue to store in electrode A.
Hereafter, whenever the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is during storage, storage time reaches after a certain period of time, that is, starts pair The present embodiment lead-acid accumulator carries out the anode of a single or odd-times, negative polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge Operation, operating process and the present embodiment above process are essentially identical.
The present embodiment lead-acid accumulator during storage, storage time reach after a certain period of time, except carry out above-mentioned single or Odd-times anode, negative polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, can with or ground, be alternately carried out continuous two Secondary or even-times anode, negative polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated
For example, phase anode, negative polarity reversion and subsequent charging or the charge and discharge twice in succession for the present embodiment Operation：After the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is under standing storage state and reaches certain storage time, at this point, electrode A Polarity is negative, and the polarity of electrode B is just, with charging/discharging apparatus with the electric current of 300mA and 900mA to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator Carry out forced electric discharge so that the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator electricity in the case where keeping constant with the connection status of charging/discharging apparatus Cell voltage is down to 0V and then is down to -1.75V (value that charging/discharging apparatus measures, the present embodiment are the same below) again, sheet during this Embodiment lead-acid accumulator have occurred the current period twice in succession anode, negative polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated in The reversion of first time polarity, that is, it is main happens is that lead-acid storage battery negative in electrode A during -1.75V drops to 0V On the discharge process of pole electrode reaction, electrode B it is main happens is that lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction discharge process, and During 0V drops to -1.75V, it is main in electrode A happens is that lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction charging process, In electrode B it is main happens is that acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction charging process, keep charging/discharging apparatus output end with In the case that the connection status of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator output end is constant, then with the electric current of 900mA to the present embodiment plumbic acid The voltage that accumulator carries out forced electric discharge 1 hour to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator is -2.53V, then, with the electric current of 900mA 0V is risen to the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator progress forced charge from -2.53V to cell voltage within 13 minutes 1 hour to rise to again 2.65V, the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator has occurred current period positive twice in succession, negative polarity reversion and subsequent fills during this Second of polarity reversion during electricity or charge and discharge are electrically operated, that is, during -2.53V rises to 0V, mainly occur in electrode A Be the discharge process of lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction, it is main happens is that acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode is anti-in electrode B The discharge process answered, and during 0V rises to 2.65V, it is main happens is that acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode in electrode A The charging process of reaction, it is main in electrode B happens is that lead acid battery positive electrode electrode reaction charging process, keeping charge and discharge In the case that the connection status of electric equipment output end and the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator output end is constant, then again with 300mA perseverances Electricity is banished 32 minutes 1 hour to 1.75V, is then charged to full charge, is then put into the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator again It stands in storage state and goes to continue to store.
Two plate electrodes of the present embodiment lead acid storage battery are also the positive and negative anodes current electrode of equivalence each other, because in electrode quilt After chemical conversion, the two function having the same and performance, but in actual use, polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are grasped Variation and the difference for making the factors such as system, cycle operation system can cause the two difference occur in the performance of function and performance.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the density of electrolyte of the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator can be 1.282g/cm3Or 1.30g/cm3。
The present embodiment carries out single, the reversion of odd-times polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated or to the present embodiment Anode, the cathode of lead-acid accumulator carry out twice in succession or the polarity of even-times inverts and subsequent charges or the electrically operated mistake of charge and discharge Journey, and be illustrated below：
The present embodiment lead-acid batteries, included by lead-acid accumulator be surface plate grating lead-acid accumulator, tubular type Lead-acid accumulator, spirally wound lead acid battery, bipolar lead acid battery, horizontal lead cloth lead-acid accumulator, cystosepiment grating Lead-acid accumulator, valve controlled sealed lead-acid accumulator, gelled lead acid battery, lead carbon battery, ultracapacitor-lead acid storage battery Pond, it is one such or a variety of, the rated voltage U of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries be 6V, 12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, 60V or 72V, the rated capacity (C of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries2, 2 hour rates, 25 DEG C) be 12Ah, 14Ah, 16Ah, 18Ah, 20Ah, 24Ah, 30Ah, 60Ah, 100Ah, 200Ah or 1000Ah, the present embodiment lead-acid batteries have battery pack output end Sub- A, B, electrode A 1, A2 in battery pack leading-out terminal A and the present embodiment lead-acid batteries ..., An (n=positive integers) Mutually be conductively connected, electrode B 1, B2 in battery pack leading-out terminal B and the present embodiment lead-acid batteries ..., (n=is just by Bn Integer) mutually it is conductively connected.Electrode A 1, A2 in the present embodiment lead-acid batteries ..., An, B1, B2 ..., Bn it is equal For positive and negative anodes current electrode (i.e. the general electrode of anode, cathode), the anode that can not only be used for lead-acid accumulator uses or work, The cathode that can be used as lead-acid accumulator uses or work.The present embodiment lead-acid batteries are worked in initial cycle charge-discharge The polarity of Cheng Zhong, battery pack leading-out terminal A be just, the polarity of battery pack leading-out terminal B be negative, that is, the present embodiment plumbic acid store Battery pack in initial On The Cycle Working Process, electrode A 1, A2 ..., An is upper happens is that lead acid battery positive electrode is electric Pole reaction charge and discharge process, electrode B 1, B2 ..., Bn it is upper happens is that acid accumulator negative pole lead electrode reaction charge and discharge Electric process.Partition board is separated between positive and negative electrode.
Specifically, when the present embodiment lead-acid batteries are during its storage, when storage time reaches certain numerical value, automatically Or/and a single or the reversion of odd-times positive and negative electrode polarity manually are carried out to this example lead-acid batteries and subsequent filled Electricity or charge and discharge are electrically operated, improve, eliminate, reversing, inhibiting, preventing burn into electrode passivation, sulfation, active material and afflux The problems such as body poor contact so that ability to work is restored or improved, storage life after the storage of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries Enhanced, complete secondary positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated after, by the present embodiment lead acid storage battery Pond group with after secondary polarity reversion polarization state, put into again under storage state and continue to store, until triggering or opening again Begin to carry out the reversion of positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries again or charge and discharge is electrically operated, such as This, during the storage of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries by the present embodiment to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries carry out just, Negative polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge operate interval, interspersed progress, to improve or extend this implementation The storage life of example lead-acid batteries.
The reversion of first time single positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are carried out to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries Electrically operated includes step：When the present embodiment lead-acid batteries (pole of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries leading-out terminal A during this Property be just, the polarity of leading-out terminal B be negative), when storage time reaches certain certain numerical value, for example, 5 days, 9 days, 20 days or 60 days, Antipole charging is carried out to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, the mode of the antipole charging includes single stage, multistage, perseverance Stream (such as 0.1C2、0.5C2、1.2C2、6C2), constant pressure (such as U, 1.3U, 2U, 5U), positive pulse, negative pulse it is one such or It is a variety of, and finally so that the present embodiment lead-acid batteries leading-out terminal A, B polarity, to electrode A 1, A2 ..., An, B1, B2 ... the polarity of Bn inverts, and, after secondary polarity reversion, the present embodiment lead-acid batteries are carried out Charging or charge and discharge, charging or the modes of charge and discharge include, single stage, multistage, constant current (such as 0.15C2、0.4C2、 0.8C2、7C2), constant pressure (such as 0.8U, 1.5U, 2U, 4U), positive pulse, negative pulse it is one such or a variety of, then, make this reality A lead-acid batteries are applied with the polarization state after the secondary polarity reversion, puts into again in storage state and goes to continue to store.This Embodiment lead-acid batteries complete the reversion of first time single positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or the electrically operated rear institute of charge and discharge During continuing storage, the polarity of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries leading-out terminal A be bear, the polarity of leading-out terminal B is just.
Second of single positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are carried out to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries Electrically operated includes step：Invert and subsequent charge in above-mentioned single positive and negative electrode polarity when the present embodiment lead-acid batteries or After charge and discharge is electrically operated continue storage during (polarity of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries leading-out terminal A is negative, output during this The polarity of terminal B is just), the time for continuing to store reaches certain certain numerical value again when, the present embodiment lead-acid batteries are carried out The mode of the charging of second antipole, secondary antipole charging includes, single stage, multistage, constant current (such as 0.2C2、 0.5C2、1.5C2、3C2), constant pressure (such as U, 1.1U, 2U, 4U), positive pulse, negative pulse it is one such or a variety of, and finally make The present embodiment lead-acid batteries leading-out terminal A, B polarity, to electrode A 1, A2 ..., An, B1, B2 ... the polarity of Bn inverts, and, after secondary polarity reversion, to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries carry out charging or Charge and discharge, charging or the modes of charge and discharge include, single stage, multistage, constant current (such as 0.18C2、0.7C2、2C2、5C2)、 Constant pressure (such as 0.6U, 1.3U, 2.2U, 3U), positive pulse, negative pulse are one such or a variety of, then, make the present embodiment plumbic acid Accumulator group is put under storage state with the polarization state after the secondary polarity reversion and is continued to store again.The present embodiment plumbic acid Accumulator group is after second of single positive and negative electrode polarity reversion of completion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, the present embodiment lead The polarity of acid accumulator group leading-out terminal A be just, the polarity of leading-out terminal B be negative.
During the storage of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, implement other single or odd-times positive and negative electrode polarity Reversion and subsequent charging or the electrically operated method of charge and discharge with implement above-mentioned the present embodiment for the first time or second of single positive and negative electrode Polarity inverts and subsequent the method for charging or charge and discharge is mutually similar.In this way, in the storage period of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries Between repeatedly, repeatedly, interspersedly carry out the reversion of the present embodiment positive and negative electrode polarity as described above and subsequent charging or charge and discharge behaviour Make so that electrode passivation, burn into sulfation, active material and the collector poor contact of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries The problems such as in it is one or more improved, repaired, being reversed, being eliminated, being inhibited, being prevented so that the present embodiment lead acid storage battery Ability to work, storage life are improved or are extended after the storage of pond group.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, to the present embodiment lead-acid batteries more phases, interspersedly carry out strange The positive and negative electrode polarity of number or even number inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, completes each issue of odd times number or even number Positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated after, by the present embodiment lead-acid batteries with the phase polarity Polarization state after reversion puts into storage state again, is stored to the present embodiment plumbic acid until triggering or starting the another phase again Battery pack carries out odd times number or the reversion of positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge of even number are electrically operated.Each issue of odd times number Or even number the reversion of positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated in any secondary positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and Thereafter charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated with the present embodiment first time above-mentioned or second of single positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and thereafter Charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated similar same.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the anodes of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries, cathode or all electricity are said Pole is same positive and negative anodes current electrode, that is, does not consider to manufacture the foozle generated when electrode, the present embodiment lead acid storage battery All electrodes of pond group constitute by before being melted into, each other in all electrodes, manufacture view (such as electrode structure, appearance, afflux Body, fluid confluence, active matter formula and quality, other accessories, manufacture technology etc.) it is identical, after being melted into, this implementation Each electrode of example lead-acid batteries is then respectively formed positive or negative pole.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the positive and negative electrode of the present embodiment lead-acid batteries or all electrodes are said Be positive and negative anodes current electrode of equal value each other, that is, after electrode is by chemical conversion or charge and discharge, lead-acid batteries work or During use, in the case of not considering error component, each electrode of the present embodiment has or shows identical function and property Energy.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, for lead-acid batteries, positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and thereafter Charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated include distinguish operation, i.e., institute is individually only carried out to some monocell in lead-acid batteries It states the reversion of positive and negative electrode polarity and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, or only to certain monocells in lead-acid batteries It carries out the positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, positive and negative electrode is subjected to polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge Operation includes carrying out the operation of pulse charge or/and electric discharge.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, charging or charge and discharge after the positive and negative electrode polarity reversion, polarity reversion Electric discharge or/and charging operations before the reversion of electrically operated or polarity can be according to the time value of setting, temperature value, the present embodiment batteries In the number and depth of discharge that have worked, residual capacity one such or a variety of value or their changing value, calculated value One or more setting, measurement, signal acquisition, result of calculation and start, stop or carry out.The present embodiment can carry out just, Charging after negative polarity reversion, polarity reversion or the electric discharge before charge and discharge is electrically operated or polarity reversion or/and charging operations include Program A, B, C, D, totally four kinds, the procedure parameter that each program corresponds to the operation realized is different, can root when being operated According to the above-mentioned setting of the present embodiment, measurement, signal acquisition, result of calculation and select into tetra- kinds of programs of line program A, B, C, D A certain program is conducive to after the completion of operation, obtains the effect of opposite optimization.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the electrode for the lead-acid accumulator that method is fabricated through this embodiment For the positive and negative anodes current electrode each other with identical active material or identical active matter formula.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the electrode for the lead-acid accumulator that method is fabricated through this embodiment For positive and negative anodes current electrode of equal value each other.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the electrode for the lead-acid accumulator that method is fabricated through this embodiment For same positive and negative anodes current electrode.
In the other embodiment of the present embodiment, the present embodiment positive and negative electrode carry out polarity reversion and subsequent charging or Charge and discharge is electrically operated to be realized by a kind of circuit, and the circuit of the present embodiment stores lead-acid accumulator or/and plumbic acid with described The function that anode, the cathode of battery pack carry out polarity reversion or polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, and can Or it is >=1 time to be actually effected or carried out total cumulative number of the function.The present embodiment circuit is effected or carried out the positive and negative electrode Polarity inverts or polarity reversion and subsequent charging or the electrically operated method of charge and discharge include：To the present embodiment lead-acid accumulator or electricity Pond group carries out antipole charging；The present embodiment circuit is anti-by lead-acid accumulator or/and the positive and negative electrode of lead-acid batteries progress polarity Turn or polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated including automatic or/and progress manually.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of method for enhancing, safeguarding ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage, feature exist In, to during storage lead-acid accumulator or battery pack to carry out total cumulative number be 1 time or more lead-acid accumulator or/and plumbic acid Accumulator group positive and negative electrode polarity invert and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated, it is described by anode, cathode carry out polarity reversion and Thereafter charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, that is, positive electrode, negative electrode are carried out polarity reversion, and after polarity reversion, will be passed through The electrode of polarity reversion carries out charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated.
2. enhancing, safeguarding the side of ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage as described in claim 1 Method, which is characterized in that it is described by lead-acid accumulator or/and the positive and negative electrode of lead-acid batteries carry out polarity reversion and subsequent Charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, include that lead-acid accumulator or/and the electrode of lead-acid batteries are carried out polarity reversion, and in the pole After sex reversal, make to carry out following electrochemical reaction by the electrode that the polarity inverts：Make the preceding electrode for anode of polarity reversion The reaction of laggard quadrat acid accumulator negative electrode is inverted in the polarity, makes electrode before polarity reversion for anode contained by it Lead oxides, basic lead sulphate, lead sulfate are negative before carrying out electrochemical reducting reaction after the polarity inverts, the polarity is made to invert The electrode of pole inverts laggard quadrat acid accumulator anode electrode reaction in the polarity, one such or a variety of.
3. enhancing, safeguarding the side of ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage as described in claim 1 Method, which is characterized in that it is described that positive and negative electrode progress polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, including make the lead In storage, positive, the original cathode of original is in one kind in following three kinds of electrode conditions for acid accumulator or battery pack： (1) when storing, anode originally is always anode, and cathode originally is always cathode；(2) when storing, anode originally is always For cathode, cathode originally is always anode；(3) when storing, anode originally is anode sometimes, is cathode sometimes, correspondingly, Cathode originally is cathode sometimes, is sometimes anode；Positive, the original cathode of described original is to be carried out not When any anode, negative polarity reversion and subsequent charging or electrically operated charge and discharge, the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack Anode, cathode.
4. enhancing, safeguarding the side of ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage as described in claim 1 Method, which is characterized in that described positive and negative electrode to be subjected to polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated includes：It carries out continuous Twice or the positive and negative electrode polarity of continuous even-times inverts and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, carries out single or continuum method Secondary positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated, one such or a variety of.
5. enhancing, safeguarding the side of ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage as described in claim 1 Method, which is characterized in that be directed to lead-acid batteries, the positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and subsequent charging or the electrically operated packet of charge and discharge Include differentiation operation, i.e., only to some monocell in lead-acid batteries individually carry out positive and negative electrode polarity reversion and Thereafter charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated, or only carries out the positive and negative electrode polarity to certain monocells in lead-acid batteries Reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge are electrically operated.
6. enhancing, safeguarding the side of ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage as described in claim 1 Method, which is characterized in that it is described by positive and negative electrode carry out polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge it is electrically operated include carrying out pulse to fill The operation of electricity or/and electric discharge.
7. enhancing, safeguarding the side of ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage as described in claim 1 Method, which is characterized in that before charging or charge and discharge after positive and negative electrode polarity reversion, polarity reversion be electrically operated or polarity reversion Electric discharge or/and charging operations can be according in certain magnitude of physical quantity, quantitative value, chemical magnitude and their changing value, calculated values One or more settings, measurement, signal acquisition, result of calculation and start or stop.
8. enhancing, safeguarding the side of ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage as described in claim 1 Method, which is characterized in that carry out or stored by the plumbic acid that the positive and negative electrode polarity inverts and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated is carried out Battery or its anode of battery pack and cathode are positive and negative anodes current electrode, the positive and negative anodes current electrode, in the lead acid storage battery In pond or battery pack, can not only be used for anode use, also can be used as cathode use or it is certain as anode use, certain conducts Cathode uses, or during the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack work or use, some time is used as anode use, some time again It is used as cathode, it is one such or a variety of；When constituting the anode of lead-acid accumulator or battery pack with cathode, the positive and negative anodes Current electrode includes but not limited to, positive and negative anodes current electrode each other with identical active material or identical active matter formula, Each other positive and negative anodes current electrode of equal value, be same positive and negative anodes current electrode each other.
9. being enhanced as described in any one of claim 1-8, safeguarding work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage Make the method for ability, which is characterized in that described positive and negative electrode to be subjected to polarity reversion and subsequent charging or charge and discharge is electrically operated passes through Lead-acid accumulator or/and the anode of lead-acid batteries, cathode are carried out polarity by a kind of circuit realization, the circuit with described The function that reversion or polarity invert and subsequent charges or charge and discharge is electrically operated, the circuit can or actually be effected or carried out this Total cumulative number of function is >=1 time.
10. enhancing, safeguarding the side of ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage as claimed in claim 9 Method, which is characterized in that the circuit is effected or carried out the positive and negative electrode polarity reversion or polarity reversion and subsequent charging or fills The method of discharge operation includes：Antipole charging is carried out to the lead-acid accumulator or battery pack；Or the it is characterized in that, electricity Road by lead-acid accumulator or/and the positive and negative electrode of lead-acid batteries carry out polarity reversion or polarity invert and subsequent charging or Electrically operated charge and discharge includes automatic or/and progress manually.
CN201810215336.8A 2017-03-20 2018-03-15 The method for enhancing, safeguarding ability to work after lead-acid accumulator or battery pack storage life, storage Pending CN108565507A (en)

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CN201710165636 2017-03-20
CN201710634901 2017-07-30
CN201710634901X 2017-07-30

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