CN109348989A - The efficient stable yields cultural method of white ginseng bacterium - Google Patents

The efficient stable yields cultural method of white ginseng bacterium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109348989A
CN109348989A CN201811465491.1A CN201811465491A CN109348989A CN 109348989 A CN109348989 A CN 109348989A CN 201811465491 A CN201811465491 A CN 201811465491A CN 109348989 A CN109348989 A CN 109348989A
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inoculation
mushroom
inoculated
bacterium
water
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CN201811465491.1A
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Inventor
陈丽萍
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Yuxi Sheng Kang Biotechnology Development Co Ltd
Yuxi Agriculture Vocation Tecanical College
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Yuxi Sheng Kang Biotechnology Development Co Ltd
Yuxi Agriculture Vocation Tecanical College
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Priority to CN201811465491.1A priority Critical patent/CN109348989A/en
Publication of CN109348989A publication Critical patent/CN109348989A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/20Culture media, e.g. compost

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of efficient stable yields cultural methods of white ginseng bacterium, make cultivar using grain kind or wood chip spawn, and the easily broken dispersion of strain spiles and is inoculated with difficult operation, and are inoculated with depth generally only 2-3cm, and bacterium germination is slow.The present invention includes: breeding strain, and culture medium is prepared, and is inoculated with, culture, management of producing mushroom, harvesting and management of changing crops.The present invention accesses 1.0-1.2cm of diameter using the branch kind of 60 × 5 × 7mm, and the inoculation hole of deep 6-7cm is easy to operate quick, is very suitable to large-scale planting;Aperture is small, and inoculation pollution rate is low, and tree fungus is close to compost, and strain reaches compost deep layer, and bacterium germination is fast, and fruiting nutrient is sufficient, and high yield is made to have guarantee.

Description

The efficient stable yields cultural method of white ginseng bacterium
Technical field
The present invention relates to artificial cultivation edible mushroom technology, specially a kind of efficient stable yields cultural method of white ginseng bacterium.
Background technique
White ginseng bacterium, alias: schizophyllum commune, white flower, white ginseng contain needed by human body 18 since white ginseng bacterium is rich in gas chromatography 17 kinds in kind amino acid, 7 kinds of 8 kinds of microelements containing needed by human body, and contain antitumor, antibiotic synergist, split pleat Bacterium more, the delicious faint scent of edible taste, it is often edible clear liver and improve vision, stomach-invigorating intestine-moisturizing, the function of nourishing and fit keeping function steals children Sweat, hemorrhoid disease, constipation, neurasthenia, dizzy tinnitus, dyssomnia have remarkable result, can enhance human immunity, and can assist pair The treatment of tumour is a kind of rare mushroom for eating medicine dual-purpose.But the pure wild small taste of white ginseng bacterium piece shape is old, and limits throughput cannot Meet the market demand.Therefore artificial cultivation comes into existence as the situation requires, and the macropore in conventional cultivation frequently with 2.0-2.5cm of diameter or so connects Enter wood chip spawn, is inoculated with 2-3cm of depth, normal bedding bag film is isolated between strain block and the compost on inoculation hole top, and block is planted after bacterium germination It is poor with the mycelia connectivity robustness of compost contact site, on the one hand, kind of a block easily to be pulled up when harvesting, mushroom body has more base Matter, poor quality, fruiting hole then become a deep cave, then the difficult formation preferable regrowth hair mushroom of growing way.On the other hand, fructification when fruiting It is differentiated to form on old kind of block, even if first planting mushroom has retained root stubble when harvesting, due to old kind of block and the conformability difference of compost Easy drying shrinkage dehydration, the fructification that regrowth hair is differentiated to form is also few, so general management, which must be got well, can only adopt 2-3 batches, and 2,3 batches of productions It measures low.Each bacteria stick can generally produce net 100-120g of fresh goods of not carrying substrates.
Research and development were proposed some new white ginseng bacteria cultivation technologies successively again later, such as: Patent No. 201010578619.2 " the Efficient Cultivation methods of white ginseng bacterium " are configured to simultaneously by the components such as wheat or buckwheat grain, broad-leaved weedtree sawdust Through accessed in the Cultivar culture medium of high temperature high pressure process wild white ginseng bacterial strain through acclimatization culture at cultivar after, directly enter canopy Restocking grand style, is vented through tying, tears off the seal, the operation such as designated port, manages fruiting under thermophilic, high humidity, the excellent amount of white ginseng mycoplasma planted out Height, it is good in economic efficiency, and operation is simple, is a kind of comparatively ideal white ginseng bacterium artificial planting technique.In above scheme cultivation Using wheat or buckwheat grain as carrier, easily broken dispersion is inoculated into time-consuming more when cultivating bacteria bag, the difficult operation of inoculation, and is inoculated with depth It is general that only 2-3cm, bacterium germination are slow.
Summary of the invention
For the final product quality for guaranteeing white ginseng bacterium, the present invention provides a kind of efficient stable yields cultural method of white ginseng bacterium, and this method is raw The white ginseng bacterium piece shape of production is bigger, and appearance is more beautiful, stable and high yields, can adopt more batches, high financial profit.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of efficient stable yields cultural method of white ginseng bacterium, including Following steps:
One, breeding strain: acquisition field white ginseng bacterium strain purifies to obtain wild strain through tissue isolation, is inoculated with conventional method Inoculation branch to 60 × 5 × 7mm is stand-by.
Two, culture medium is prepared
A, culture medium is prepared by one of following formula:
(1) weed tree sawdust 79%, wheat bran 20%, land plaster 1%, material-water ratio 1:1;Or
(2) cotton seed hulls 79%, wheat bran 20%, land plaster 1%, material-water ratio 1:1.2;Or
(3) cotton seed hulls 50%, weed tree sawdust or corncob 30%, wheat bran 19%, land plaster 1%, material-water ratio 1:1.1~1.3.
The weed tree sawdust is broad-leaved weed tree sawdust.
B, spice packs: by selected formula, weed tree sawdust, cotton seed hulls and corncob being prewetted in 1 day in advance, is mixed again before pack Enter wheat bran and land plaster, mix raw material, water content is required up to material-water ratio.It is packed using the polyethylene cultivation of 12 × 55cm specification Bag simultaneously tightens sack, every bag of 1.8-2.2kg of weight of material bag after charging.
C, medium sterilization: being sterilized using atmospheric steam, is sterilized 90-110 DEG C of room temperature, is kept for 15~18 hours, is ceased fire The bored cooling of back pullout (BPO) in 7-8 hours removes material bag.
Three, it is inoculated with
The material bag of bacterium of having gone out is transported to transfer room or vaccination shed, and dropping to 28 DEG C to material temperature can be inoculated with, carried out before inoculation space and The disinfection of apparatus etc., strict aseptic technique.Start to beat inoculation hole from 6-7cm of material bag one end when inoculation, is inoculated with bore dia 1.0- 1.2cm, deep 6.0-7.0cm, 6-7cm of pitch-row make a call to 6 altogether, and arrange 6 inoculation holes in linear type.Then by step The inoculation branch of one inoculated strain is placed in inoculation hole, finally uses sealed membrane adhesive seal, has both been inoculation bacteria stick.
Four, it cultivates
Inoculation bacteria stick is put into culturing room or culture canopy stacking culture, and the distance of 50-60cm is kept between every pile.Cultivate room temperature Control is at 20-25 DEG C, and to keep room air fresh, relative air humidity is no more than 70% within ventilated 2-3 hours daily.
Five, management of producing mushroom
It is cultivated 7-10 days after white ginseng inoculation, white hypha is covered with around inoculation hole can move on to bacteria stick dim light, and performance of keeping humidity is good Go out mushroom shed be transferred to management of producing mushroom.Bacteria stick inoculation mouth is placed on multi-stage bedstead in turn upwards or direct emission is on ground, thrown off Sealed membrane is further cultured for 2 days, and the bacterium bag of each inoculation hole surrounding is then carried out scribing with sharp sword and throws off the plastic foil cut off, shape At the round or rectangular fruiting hole of about 4.0-4.5cm of diameter or length and width.Daily optionally to the ground water spray or space spray form Water, keeps out mushroom shed air humidity 85-90%, mushroom flower bud after water spray while opens canopy door ventilated 1-2 hours, 2-3 days It is formed, as mushroom body is constantly grown up, if air is easily dry, the growth of mushroom body can be promoted, after mature to the slight spray form water of mushroom body Phase cannot spray water to mushroom body again.Fruiting phase temperature is controlled at 18-25 DEG C, when as more than 25 DEG C, to take cooling measure in time, Such as: more water sprays, stronger ventilation, canopy body cover thermal insulation layer to the ground.
Six, harvest and change crops management
Mushroom flower bud carries out growth in 5-7 days again after being formed, the expansion of white ginseng leaf elongation can be harvested, be cut with scraper along base portion when adopting Under, and footing is cleaned out, infection bacteria stick of going rotten is prevented, is grown with stubble mushroom after benefit.Stop water spray after 2 days after every batch of mushroom harvesting It routinely manages again, next stubble can be harvested after 7-10 days again.It manages proper, generally can continuously harvest 5-6 batches, each bacteria stick can Produce 200-250 grams of fresh goods.
The invention has the following advantages that 1. the present invention uses the branch kind of 60 × 5 × 7mm to access 1.0-1.2cm of diameter, The inoculation hole of deep 6-7cm, it is easy to operate quick, it is very suitable to large-scale planting;Aperture is small, and inoculation pollution rate is low, and branch bacterium Kind is close to compost, and strain reaches compost deep layer, and bacterium germination is fast, and fruiting nutrient is sufficient, and high yield is made to have guarantee.
2. former inoculation hole is expanded as diameter or length and width are by the bag film around cutting inoculation hole when fruiting of the present invention The round or rectangular fruiting hole of 4-4.5cm, the son real differential growth on culture medium for cultivating, water and nutrient mostly are readily delivered, together When have stimulated mycelium at aperture again, promote mycelia kink and be differentiated to form more fructification, fruiting is fast and neat, and bacterium piece is big, real Existing first batch of mushroom high yield.Because water and nutrient easily transfers to fruiting hole, before institute after the harvesting of stubble mushroom, under suitable environmental condition, More mushroom flower bud can smoothly be broken up again every 2-3 days and form the good rear stubble mushroom of growing way.5-6 batches of mushrooms generally can be continuously harvested, each Bacteria stick can produce high-quality 200-250g of fresh goods.It ensure that stable yields.
3. using specification for the long bag cultivating of 12 × 55cm, 6 hole fruitings both ensure that growing space and the production of each bacterium piece Amount realizes the biological transformation ratio for turning high, and is conducive to improve production efficiency.
4. using this planting technology white ginseng, use weed tree sawdust that can also obtain in conventional cultivation with cottonseed as main culture raw material Shell is the yield level of major ingredient.By current cost of material, general 1800-2500 yuan/ton of the cotton seed hulls in the non-place of production, weed tree sawdust 550-700 yuan/ton, raw materials for production cost is significantly reduced, it is good in economic efficiency.
Specific embodiment
A kind of efficient stable yields cultural method of white ginseng bacterium, comprising the following steps:
One, breeding strain: acquisition field white ginseng bacterium strain purifies to obtain wild strain through tissue isolation, is inoculated with conventional method Inoculation branch to 60 × 5 × 7mm is stand-by.
Two, culture medium is prepared
A, culture medium is prepared by one of following formula:
(1) broad-leaved weed tree sawdust 79%, wheat bran 20%, land plaster 1%, material-water ratio 1:1;Or
(2) cotton seed hulls 79%, wheat bran 20%, land plaster 1%, material-water ratio 1:1.2;Or
(3) cotton seed hulls 50%, weed tree sawdust or corncob 30%, wheat bran 19%, land plaster 1%, material-water ratio 1:1.1~1.3.
B, spice packs: by selected formula, weed tree sawdust, cotton seed hulls and corncob being prewetted in 1 day in advance, is mixed again before pack Enter wheat bran and land plaster, mix raw material, water content is required up to material-water ratio.It is packed using the polyethylene cultivation of 12 × 55cm specification Bag simultaneously tightens sack, every bag of 1.8-2.2kg of weight of material bag after charging.
C, medium sterilization: being sterilized using atmospheric steam, is sterilized 90-110 DEG C of room temperature, is kept for 16 hours, truce bored 8 Hour back pullout (BPO) cooling removes material bag.
Three, it is inoculated with
The material bag of bacterium of having gone out is transported to transfer room or vaccination shed, and dropping to 28 DEG C to material temperature can be inoculated with, carried out before inoculation space and The disinfection of apparatus etc., strict aseptic technique.Start to beat inoculation hole from 6-7cm of material bag one end when inoculation, is inoculated with bore dia 1.0- 1.2cm, deep 6.0-7.0cm, 6-7cm of pitch-row make a call to 6 altogether, and arrange 6 inoculation holes in linear type.Then by step The inoculation branch of one inoculated strain is placed in inoculation hole, finally uses sealed membrane adhesive seal, has both been inoculation bacteria stick.
Four, it cultivates
Inoculation bacteria stick is put into culturing room or culture canopy stacking culture, and the distance of 50-60cm is kept between every pile.Cultivate room temperature Control is at 20-25 DEG C, and to keep room air fresh, relative air humidity is no more than 70% within ventilated 2-3 hours daily.
Five, management of producing mushroom
It is cultivated 7-10 days after white ginseng inoculation, white hypha is covered with around inoculation hole can move on to bacteria stick dim light, and performance of keeping humidity is good Go out mushroom shed be transferred to management of producing mushroom.Bacteria stick inoculation mouth is placed on multi-stage bedstead in turn upwards or direct emission is on ground, thrown off Sealed membrane is further cultured for 2 days, and the bacterium bag of each inoculation hole surrounding is then carried out scribing with sharp sword and throws off the plastic foil cut off, shape At the round or rectangular fruiting hole of about 4.0-4.5cm of diameter or length and width.Daily optionally to the ground water spray or space spray form Water, keeps out mushroom shed air humidity 85-90%, mushroom flower bud after water spray while opens canopy door ventilated 1-2 hours, 2-3 days It is formed, as mushroom body is constantly grown up, if air is easily dry, the growth of mushroom body can be promoted, after mature to the slight spray form water of mushroom body Phase cannot spray water to mushroom body again.Fruiting phase temperature is controlled at 18-25 DEG C, when as more than 25 DEG C, to take cooling measure in time, Such as: more water sprays, stronger ventilation, canopy body cover thermal insulation layer to the ground.
Six, harvest and change crops management
Mushroom flower bud carries out growth in 5-7 days again after being formed, the expansion of white ginseng leaf elongation can be harvested, be cut with scraper along base portion when adopting Under, and footing is cleaned out, infection bacteria stick of going rotten is prevented, is grown with stubble mushroom after benefit.Stop water spray 2 days after every batch of mushroom harvesting It manages afterwards and routinely, next stubble can be harvested after 7-10 days again.It manages proper, generally can continuously harvest 5-6 batches, each bacteria stick 200-250 grams of fresh goods can be produced.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of efficient stable yields cultural method of white ginseng bacterium, which is characterized in that include the following steps,
One, breeding strain: acquisition field white ginseng bacterium strain purifies to obtain wild strain through tissue isolation, is inoculated with conventional method Inoculation branch to 60 × 5 × 7mm is stand-by;
Two, culture medium is prepared
A, culture medium is prepared by one of following formula:
(1) weed tree sawdust 79%, wheat bran 20%, land plaster 1%, material-water ratio 1:1;Or
(2) cotton seed hulls 79%, wheat bran 20%, land plaster 1%, material-water ratio 1:1.2;Or
(3) cotton seed hulls 50%, weed tree sawdust or corncob 30%, wheat bran 19%, land plaster 1%, material-water ratio 1:1.1~1.3;
B, spice packs: by selected formula, weed tree sawdust, cotton seed hulls and corncob being prewetted in 1 day in advance, admixes wheat again before pack Bran and land plaster, mix raw material, and water content is required up to material-water ratio;It is packed simultaneously using the polyethylene cultivating bag of 12 × 55cm specification Sack is tightened, every bag of 1.8-2.2kg of weight of material bag after charging;
C, medium sterilization: being sterilized using atmospheric steam, is sterilized 90-110 DEG C of room temperature, is kept for 15~18 hours, cease fire bored 7- The cooling of back pullout (BPO) in 8 hours removes material bag;
Three, it is inoculated with
The material bag of bacterium of having gone out is transported to transfer room or vaccination shed, and dropping to 28 DEG C to material temperature can be inoculated with, carried out before inoculation space and The disinfection of apparatus etc., strict aseptic technique;Start to beat inoculation hole from 6-7cm of material bag one end when inoculation, is inoculated with bore dia 1.0- 1.2cm, deep 6.0-7.0cm, 6-7cm of pitch-row make a call to 6 altogether, and arrange 6 inoculation holes in linear type;Then by step The inoculation branch of one inoculated strain is placed in inoculation hole, finally uses sealed membrane adhesive seal, has both been inoculation bacteria stick;
Four, it cultivates
Inoculation bacteria stick is put into culturing room or culture canopy stacking culture, and the distance of 50-60cm is kept between every pile;Cultivate room temperature Control is at 20-25 DEG C, and to keep room air fresh, relative air humidity is no more than 70% within ventilated 2-3 hours daily;
Five, management of producing mushroom
It is cultivated 7-10 days after white ginseng inoculation, white hypha is covered with around inoculation hole can move on to bacteria stick dim light, and performance of keeping humidity is good Go out mushroom shed be transferred to management of producing mushroom;Bacteria stick inoculation mouth is placed on multi-stage bedstead in turn upwards or direct emission is on ground, thrown off Sealed membrane is further cultured for 2 days, and the bacterium bag of each inoculation hole surrounding is then carried out scribing with sharp sword and throws off the plastic foil cut off, shape At the round or rectangular fruiting hole of about 4.0-4.5cm of diameter or length and width;Daily optionally to the ground water spray or space spray form Water, keeps out mushroom shed air humidity 85-90%, mushroom flower bud after water spray while opens canopy door ventilated 1-2 hours, 2-3 days It is formed, as mushroom body is constantly grown up, if air is easily dry, the growth of mushroom body can be promoted, after mature to the slight spray form water of mushroom body Phase cannot spray water to mushroom body again;Fruiting phase temperature is controlled at 18-25 DEG C, when as more than 25 DEG C, to take cooling measure in time, Such as: more water sprays, stronger ventilation, canopy body cover thermal insulation layer to the ground;
Six, harvest and change damp management
Mushroom flower bud carries out growth in 5-7 days again after being formed, the expansion of white ginseng leaf elongation can be harvested, be cut with scraper along base portion when adopting Under, and footing is cleaned out, infection bacteria stick of going rotten is prevented, is grown with stubble mushroom after benefit;Stop water spray after 2 days after every batch of mushroom harvesting It routinely manages again, next stubble can be harvested after 7-10 days again;It manages proper, generally can continuously harvest 5-6 batches, each bacteria stick can Produce 200-250 grams of fresh goods.
2. the efficient stable yields cultural method of white ginseng bacterium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the weed tree sawdust is that broad-leaved is miscellaneous Sawdust.
CN201811465491.1A 2018-12-03 2018-12-03 The efficient stable yields cultural method of white ginseng bacterium Withdrawn CN109348989A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111543250A (en) * 2020-06-12 2020-08-18 云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所 Method for cultivating white ginseng fungus by using crude and old tea leaves

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CN106212049A (en) * 2016-08-24 2016-12-14 莒县鑫垚食用菌研究所 A kind of Pholiota nameko inoculation method
CN107409757A (en) * 2017-08-15 2017-12-01 西南林业大学 The white ginseng bacterium bag material and cultural method formed with Eupatorium adenophorum and organic material
CN109156272A (en) * 2018-08-31 2019-01-08 成都市宁升绿康食品有限公司 Seafood mushroom cultivates tree fungus preparation process

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111543250A (en) * 2020-06-12 2020-08-18 云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所 Method for cultivating white ginseng fungus by using crude and old tea leaves

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Application publication date: 20190219