CN109342231A - The comprehensive mechanics test device of frost zone and its method based on electrochemistry improvement - Google Patents
The comprehensive mechanics test device of frost zone and its method based on electrochemistry improvement Download PDFInfo
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- CN109342231A CN109342231A CN201810983034.5A CN201810983034A CN109342231A CN 109342231 A CN109342231 A CN 109342231A CN 201810983034 A CN201810983034 A CN 201810983034A CN 109342231 A CN109342231 A CN 109342231A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
- G01N3/38—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces generated by electromagnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/005—Electromagnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0236—Other environments
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of frost zone synthesis mechanics test device and its method based on electrochemistry improvement, the soil body is electrolysed by the way that electrode is arranged in shear box upper and lower ends, realize inside soil body cation replacement, to realize the improvement to soil body water imbibition, change the specific gravity for combining water and Free water, the changing rule for soil body mechanical property under research soil body water imbibition and Frozen-thawed cycled provides foundation；Shear box top design condenser pipe circulation constant temperature liquid carries out temperature exchange, realizes the simulation that single-ended freeze thawing is carried out to soil sample, and moisture content built in inside soil body is popped one's head in, and can test the soil body when freezing, water translocation is studied in the variation of moisture content.Pass through the design of annular shear box, circulation shear can be achieved, avoid the problem that circulation subtracts middle leakage soil, to realize to soil shear strength under freeze-thaw cycles, the test of dynamic characteristics and the research of changing rule, the apparatus structure is ingenious in design, easy to implement, practical value and promotional value with higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil test technique fields, and in particular to a kind of frost zone based on electrochemistry improvement is comprehensive
Mechanics test device and its method improve physical properties of soil by laboratory test and test the soil body in Frozen-thawed cycled item
Mechanical property under part.
Background technique
Frozen-thawed cycled can make a significant impact the physico mechanical characteristic of some special unsaturated rockmass, as swelled ground,
Loess etc..In engineering practice, it is often necessary to soil body mechanical characteristic and architectural characteristic of this kind of soil under Frozen-thawed cycled are studied,
Result of study is particularly important to analyzing and improveing cohesive soil engineering characteristic.
But in the prior art:
(1) soil body mainly adds geosynthetics, soil stabilization for the mode of ameliorating of soil body physico mechanical characteristic
Agent, the latter one cardinal principle are that hydrophilic cationic original in clay mineral layer can be replaced as dredging by cation in curing agent
Waterborne cation, to reduce the specific gravity for combining water in the soil body, thus consolidate the soil body more effectively, soil stabilization after Frozen-thawed cycled
Property be improved, but directly plus cation curing agent cannot original cation effectively in displaced soil mass；
(2) in the shear strength test of the soil body, main method has direct shear test and triaxial shear test, both examinations
Proved recipe method can not directly test shearing strength of the soil body under Frozen-thawed cycled effect, and can not being directed to Frozen-thawed cycled, this is specific
Environment goes to simulate and study the change of inside soil body mechanical characteristic and architectural characteristic；
(3) experimental rig that simulation Frozen-thawed cycled is carried out for the soil body carries out sample using positive subzero temperature Frozen-thawed cycled case
Temperature regulation can not apply stress to the soil body during Frozen-thawed cycled, i.e. Frozen-thawed cycled is completed under unstress state, with
The stress state grave fault of the soil body in Practical Project, cannot be to power of the soil body under different stress during Frozen-thawed cycled
Change of properties is learned to be studied.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in be directed to existing soil body physico mechanical characteristic mode of ameliorating and the soil body
Defect present in shear strength test, propose a kind of comprehensive mechanics test device of frost zone based on electrochemistry improvement and
Its method, for research electrochemistry to the improvement of unsaturated rockmass and its under the influence of Frozen-thawed cycled, soil body shearing resistance itself it is strong
Degree Parameters variation provides a kind of easily operated, control accurately testing program.
The present invention, which is that the following technical solution is employed, to be realized:
A kind of comprehensive mechanics test device of frost zone based on electrochemistry improvement, including cutting system, electrolysis system,
Temperature control system, stress application system and monitoring system of stress and strain, specific:
The cutting system includes pedestal and the steel framework that is set on the base, is provided with an axis at the top of steel framework
Load plate is pressed, axis presses load plate to press bolt to be connected with steel framework by axis；A cylindrical shear box, shearing are provided on pedestal
Be provided with end cap at the top of box, be provided with soil sample in shear box, the shear box include upper section shear box, middle section shear box and under
Section shear box, three sections of shear box absolute construction are designed, are in contact between each section of shear box；Upper section shear box and lower section shear box
It is corresponding to be fixedly connected by the first rigid tentacle and the second rigid tentacle with steel framework, middle section shear box and a frequency conversion
Motor is connected, and realizes round-trip shearing motion；
The electrolysis system includes variable-voltage power supply, electrolyte circulation end, the anode electrode on soil sample top is arranged in and sets
The cathode electrode in soil sample lower part is set, anode electrode is connected with variable-voltage power supply anode, the cathode phase of cathode electrode and variable-voltage power supply
Even, different voltage can be set as needed, oxidation reaction occurs for anode when energization, and reduction reaction occurs for cathode；Anode electrode
It is all made of graphite material with cathode electrode, and anode electrode and cathode electrode are double-layer structure, the intermediate course of anode electrode
It is inside provided with anode ion exchange pipe, cathode ion exchange pipe, anode ion exchange are provided in the intermediate course of cathode electrode
Pipe is connected with cathode ion exchange Guan Junyu electrolyte circulation end, and anode ion exchange pipe and cathode ion exchange pipe pass through sun
Ion concentration testing tube is connected, and cation concn testing tube is U-tube, and semi-permeable membrane is provided in U-tube (only allows hydrone logical
Cross, do not allow solute to pass through), in electrolytic process, semi-permeable membrane is biased to the lower one end of concentration, to judge the degree of electrolysis；
The condenser pipe that the temperature control system includes water bath device, is arranged in shear box top end cover, the condenser pipe are logical
Subcooling condensate input pipe and condensate liquid efferent duct are connected with water bath device and form circulation loop, and water bath device is according to setting
Constant temperature liquid is input in condenser pipe by temperature by condensate liquid input pipe, to realize the regulation to soil sample temperature, constant temperature liquid stream warp
After condenser pipe, water bath device is flowed back to by condensate liquid efferent duct, by the target temperature and the time that set water bath device temperature control system
To realize the Frozen-thawed cycled simulation to soil sample；
The stress application system includes axis pressure load plate, axis pressure bolt and spring assembly；The spring assembly setting exists
Axis is pressed between load plate and shear box, presses bolt by adjustment axis, realizes that spring assembly provides the load of normal direction perseverance rigidity；
The ess-strain system includes pressure digital display device, first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor and
Three pressure sensors, first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor and third pressure sensor with pressure digital display device
It is connected, the first pressure sensor is arranged between spring assembly and shear box, and the setting of second pressure sensor is rigid first
Property tentacle and steel framework between, the setting of third pressure sensor was being sheared between the second rigid tentacle and steel framework
Cheng Zhong, middle section shear box generates rotation displacement, will drive upper section shear box and lower section shear box rotates together, and upper section shear box
The first rigid tentacle be fixedly connected with steel framework, limit the displacement deformation of upper section shear box, the second of lower section shear box
Rigid tentacle is fixedly connected with steel framework, limits the displacement deformation of lower section shear box, the axis of first pressure sensor detection
Pressure digital display device is given to the data real-time delivery of pressure and the detection acquisition of second pressure sensor and third pressure sensor
Carry out observation and the record of data.
Further, the variable-frequency motor is electrically connected with a motor numerical control display system, the output shaft of variable-frequency motor and one
Gear is connected, and the circumferencial direction of middle section shear box side wall is provided with groove circle, the groove circle is engaged with gear, passes through frequency conversion
Motor drives the round-trip shearing motion of middle section shear box progress different rates.
Soil sample is servo-actuated when further, to prevent shearing, is additionally provided with vertical baffle on the inner wall of the shear box, to prevent
Only the soil body and shear box generate relative displacement, it can be ensured that when shear box generates displacement, the soil body can be displaced feelings with shear box
Condition is consistent, avoids making the soil body and shear box generate relative displacement because shear box uses circular design, generates error.
Further, the anode ion exchange pipe and cathode ion exchange pipe are designed using interior outer double-layer structure, internal layer
For fiber reinforcement amphoteric ion exchange membrane, only ion is allowed to pass in and out, avoids the migration of moisture during test, outer layer is porous platinum
Jin Guan, porous platinum pipe can be effectively prevented pipeline and be crushed, and ion friendship can be effectively ensured in the design of aperture on side wall
It changes, platinum stability is high, can effectively avoid galvano-cautery.
Further, the transparent window of acrylic material is provided on the side wall of the middle section shear box, transparent window
Outside is provided with Electronic Speculum, and the outside of middle section shear box is arranged in Electronic Speculum, can move up and down the shooting realized to shear surface, note
The variation of shear surface when record shearing handles the analysis macro thin sight situation of change of shear surface by follow-up data.
Further, the anode ion exchange pipe and cathode ion exchange pipe are designed using helical structure, to increase
With the contact area of soil body ion exchange.
Further, the vertical baffle is cruciform baffles agitated vessel, is fixedly connected with the inner wall of shear box, and in vertical baffle
Built-in moisture content probe, the moisture content probe are connected with a moisture content digital display device, by the resonant frequency of the measurement soil body come
Determine soil moisture content.
Further, electrolyte circulation end includes circulation salting liquid end and circulation deionization water end (W.E.), recycles salting liquid
End exchanges pipe with anode ion and is connected, and circulation deionization water end (W.E.) is connected with cathode ion exchange pipe.
Further, it is additionally provided with displacement sensor on the lower surface of the axis pressure load plate, institute's displacement sensors are adopted
With laser displacement sensor, with real-time detection axial displacement.
In addition the present invention also proposes a kind of test of comprehensive mechanics test device of the frost zone based on electrochemistry improvement
Method, comprising the following steps:
(1), it will be placed in shear box according to the soil body layering of design water content configuration, be successively compacted；And pass through dry density
It controls compactness (the ratio between sample preparation dry density and maximum dry density are compactness), shaving between each layer soil body, to avoid going out
Existing soil body layering；
(2), bolt, observation first pressure sensor reading, until first pressure sensor reading reaches are pressed by screwing axis
Stop when to setting axial compressive force, it is ensured that entire electrolysis freeze thawing cyclic process and shear history are complete under normal normal stiffness
At；
(3), the measurement according to early period to soil body mineralogical composition, the cation to be replaced of determination select salting liquid and determination
Concentration of salt solution；Be passed through the salting liquid of determining concentration in anode ion exchange pipe, be passed through in cathode ion exchange pipe from
Sub- water；
(4) set variable-voltage power supply voltage, start to be electrolysed, observe cation concn testing tube, to semi-permeable membrane from cathode from
When son exchange pipe lateral deviation moves to anode ion exchange pipe side, illustrate that cation is had moved after electrolysis to cathode, it was demonstrated that the soil body
Internal cation has been completed to replace, to carry out next step test；
(5) condenser pipe built in shear box top is connected with water bath device, realizes soil sample by setting bath temperature
Freeze and melt, temperature is from top to bottom transmitted by soil sample top surface, and temperature is transmitted to by earth's surface under natural conditions for simulation
Inside soil layer；
(6) soil sample from top to bottom starts to cool down or heat up, down or up with temperature, and moisture can occur inside soil sample
Migration, and then by moisture content probe cooperation moisture content digital display device built-in in vertical baffle, by the resonance for measuring the soil body
Frequency determines soil moisture content:
Wherein, F is moisture content, and L is the inductance of oscillator, and C is soil capacitor, CbFor capacitor related with instrument；
(7) after soil sample completes the freezing-thawing cycles set, by the rotational frequency, the rotation side that set variable-frequency motor
Come to apply shearing force to soil sample to, rotation amplitude and rotation period, the size for the shearing force that upper and lower shear surface is subject to respectively corresponds
Measured by second pressure sensor and third pressure sensor, then can obtain shear stress τ=T ÷ π r that soil sample is subject to2, wherein T
For the shearing force at shear surface；
(8) soil sample axial force variation in shear history is measured in real time by first pressure sensor, axial displacement (strain)
Variation is measured in real time by displacement sensor, and the shear displacemant of soil sample is drawn in conjunction with shear history shear displacemant (strain), shear stress
Curve, measures the cohesive strength and damping ratio of soil sample, and then obtains hysteresis loop of the sample under circulation shear, calculates the dynamic of sample
Modulus and damping ratio；
(9) soil sample observes shear surface macroscopic view situation of change by sub- gram of window, by installing Electronic Speculum in shear history
On the outside of acrylic window, shear surface is shot, gained image is handled, target composition deformation mistake is obtained by shooting
Continuous speckle image in journey is measured using correlation metric with reference to sub-district and target on the basis of gray-scale Matching algorithm
The similarity degree of sub-district, to acquire the displacement and deformation of measured target.
Compared with prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:
Test device described in this programme and test method, the processing mode that electrochemistry can be improved to frost zone carry out
Laboratory test research, by the way that the different electrodes electrolyte different with circulation is arranged, it can be achieved that original to the soil body at soil body both ends
The chemistry of cation is replaced, and the situation of change of cation concn can be from cation concn testing tube around soil body cathode and anode
Middle carry out intuitively comparing；By Temperature Control System Design, Frozen-thawed cycled and shearing coupling test may be implemented, avoid sample repeatedly
Dismounting, influences soil structures, and temperature exchange Position Design is at the top of sample, for simulate under natural conditions soil temperature by ground
Table to underground position transmitting state；
The load of normal direction perseverance rigidity is provided using Vertical Spring, it can be achieved that circulation shear is tested under constant stiffness, in Frozen-thawed cycled
When can apply stress, improve Frozen-thawed cycled of the traditional experiment equipment under stress-free conditions and do not meet asking for engineering practice
Topic；It is provided with baffle in shear box, can avoid the soil body and shear box generates relative displacement, it is ensured that test effect, rigid baffle
In built-in moisture content probe, the resonant frequency by measuring the soil body accurately measures soil water rate, acts on to study Frozen-thawed cycled
Lower soil internal moisture migration provides technical support；
The circulation shear to sample may be implemented in circular cutout box, by setting shearing frequency and amplitude, can be obtained therewith
Corresponding dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio greatly facilitate the research for moving shear property to the soil body, and use circular cutout box
Design, successfully solve the problems, such as that traditional shearing equipment leaks soil in shear history, have observation window in shear surface design, can be with
The variation of shear surface when record shearing handles the analysis macro thin sight situation of change of shear surface by follow-up data.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of test device described in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the layout diagram of condenser pipe described in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of vertical baffle described in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 4 is the layout diagram of cathode ion exchange pipe described in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of cathode motor described in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Wherein, 1-displacement sensor；2-spring assemblies；3-steel frameworks；4-condenser pipes；5-vertical baffles；6—
Shear box；7-acrylic windows；8-cation concn testing tubes；9-cathode cations exchange pipe；10-cathode electrodes；
11-the second rigid tentacle；12-electrolyte recycle end；13-variable-voltage power supplies；14-anode electrodes；The exchange of 15-anode ions
Pipe；16-axis press bolt；17-first pressure sensors；18-condensate liquid input pipes；19-the first rigid tentacle；20-condensations
Liquid efferent duct；21-Electronic Speculum；22-pressure digital display devices；23-water bath devices；24-variable-frequency motors；25-moisture content probe；
26-motor digital display control systems；27-pedestals；28-axis press load plate.
Specific embodiment
In order to which the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention is more clearly understood, with reference to the accompanying drawing and implement
The present invention will be further described for example.It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, in embodiments herein and embodiment
Feature can be combined with each other.
Embodiment 1, a kind of comprehensive mechanics test device of frost zone based on electrochemistry improvement, including cutting system,
Electrolysis system, temperature control system, stress application system and monitoring system of stress and strain, as shown in Figure 1, specifically:
The cutting system includes pedestal 27 and the steel framework 3 that is arranged on pedestal 27, the top setting of steel framework 3
There is an axis to press load plate 28, axis presses load plate 28 to press bolt 16 to be connected with steel framework 3 by axis；A circle is provided on pedestal 27
Cylindricality shear box 6, the top of shear box 6 are provided with end cap, and soil sample is provided in shear box 6, and the shear box 6 is cut including upper section
Box, middle section shear box and lower section shear box are cut, which designs, and is in contact between each section of shear box；On
Section shear box and lower section shear box are corresponding solid by the first rigid tentacle 19 and the second rigid tentacle 11 and steel framework 3
Fixed connection, middle section shear box are connected with a variable-frequency motor 24, and the variable-frequency motor 24 is electrically connected with a motor numerical control display system 26
It connects, the output shaft of variable-frequency motor 24 is connected with a gear, and the circumferencial direction of middle section shear box side wall is provided with groove circle, described
Groove circle is engaged with gear, realizes round-trip shearing motion；In shear history, upper section shear box and lower section shear box are fixed, and are become
(speed range is 0.15mm/min~15mm/ to the round-trip shearing motion of the drive progress different rates of shear box 6 of frequency motor 24
min)；
The electrolysis system includes variable-voltage power supply 13, electrolyte circulation end 12, the anode electrode 14 that soil sample top is arranged in
And the cathode electrode 10 of soil sample lower part is set, anode electrode 14 is connected with 13 anode of variable-voltage power supply, cathode electrode 10 and change
The cathode of voltage source 13 is connected, and can be set as needed different voltage, and oxidation reaction occurs for anode when energization, and cathode occurs also
Original reaction；As shown in figure 5, anode electrode 14 and cathode electrode 10 are all made of graphite material, and anode electrode 14 and cathode electrode
10 be double-layer structure, and anode ion exchange pipe 15, the centre of cathode electrode 10 are provided in the intermediate course of anode electrode 14
Cathode ion exchange pipe 9 is provided in interlayer, as shown in figure 4, anode ion exchange pipe 15 and cathode ion exchange pipe 9 are adopted
It is designed with helical structure, to increase the contact area with soil body ion exchange.It includes circulation salting liquid that electrolyte, which recycles end 12,
End and circulation deionization water end (W.E.), it is connected that circulation salting liquid end exchange pipe 15 with anode ion, circulation deionization water end (W.E.) and cathode from
Son exchange pipe 9 is connected, and anode ion exchange pipe 15 is connected with cathode ion exchange pipe 9 by cation concn testing tube 8, sun
Ion concentration testing tube 8 is U-tube, and semi-permeable membrane (only hydrone being allowed to pass through, not allow solute to pass through) is provided in U-tube,
In electrolytic process, semi-permeable membrane is biased to the lower one end of concentration, to judge the degree of electrolysis；
The condenser pipe 4 that the temperature control system includes water bath device 23, is arranged in 6 top end cover of shear box, the condensation
Pipe 4 is connected with water bath device by condensate liquid input pipe 18 and condensate liquid efferent duct 20 and forms circulation loop, water bath device 23
Constant temperature liquid is input in condenser pipe 4 by condensate liquid input pipe 18 according to the temperature of setting, to realize the tune to soil sample temperature
Control, constant temperature liquid stream flow back to water bath device 23 after condenser pipe 4, by condensate liquid efferent duct 20, by setting 23 temperature control of water bath device
The target temperature of system realizes the Frozen-thawed cycled simulation to soil sample with the time, as shown in Fig. 2, the S-type arrangement of the condenser pipe；
The stress application system includes axis pressure load plate 28, axis pressure bolt 16 and spring assembly 2；The spring assembly 2
Setting is pressed between load plate 28 and shear box 6 in axis, presses bolt 16 by adjustment axis, and it is permanent just to realize that spring assembly 2 provides normal direction
Degree loads, stiffness factor k=50kPa/mm, is additionally provided with displacement sensor 1, the displacement on the lower surface of axis pressure load plate 28
Sensor 1 uses laser displacement sensor, with real-time detection axial displacement；
The ess-strain system include pressure digital display device 22, first pressure sensor 17, second pressure sensor with
And third pressure sensor, first pressure sensor 17, second pressure sensor and third pressure sensor are and number pressure
Aobvious device 22 is connected, and the first pressure sensor 17 is arranged between spring assembly 2 and shear box 6, second pressure sensor
Setting is between the first rigid tentacle 19 and steel framework 3, and the setting of third pressure sensor is in the second rigid tentacle 11 and steel
Between frame 3, in shear history, middle section shear box generates rotation displacement, will drive upper section shear box and lower section shear box one
With rotation, and the first of upper section shear box the rigid tentacle 19 is fixedly connected with steel framework 3, limits the displacement of upper section shear box
Deformation, the rigid tentacle 11 of the second of lower section shear box are fixedly connected with steel framework 3, and the displacement for limiting lower section shear box becomes
Shape, the axial compressive force and second pressure sensor of first pressure sensor detection and the number of third pressure sensor detection acquisition
Observation and record that pressure digital display device 22 carries out data are passed to when factually.
Soil sample is servo-actuated when to prevent shearing, vertical baffle 5 is additionally provided on the inner wall of the shear box 6, to prevent the soil body
Relative displacement is generated with shear box 6, it can be ensured that when shear box generates displacement, the soil body can be with shear box misalignment phase one
It causes, avoids making the soil body and shear box generate relative displacement because shear box uses circular design, generate error, such as Fig. 3
Shown, the vertical baffle 5 is cruciform baffles agitated vessel, is fixedly connected with the inner wall of shear box 6, and aqueous built in vertical baffle 5
Rate probe 25, the moisture content probe are connected with a moisture content digital display device, determine soil by measuring the resonant frequency of the soil body
Earth moisture content.
In the present embodiment, the anode ion exchange pipe 15 and cathode ion exchange pipe 9 are designed using interior outer double-layer structure,
Internal layer is fiber reinforcement amphoteric ion exchange membrane, only ion is allowed to pass in and out, and avoids the migration of moisture during test, outer layer is more
Hole platinum pipe, porous platinum pipe can be effectively prevented pipeline and be crushed, and on side wall the design of aperture can be effectively ensured from
Son exchange, platinum stability is high, can effectively avoid galvano-cautery.
In addition, the transparent window 7 of acrylic material is provided on the side wall of the middle section shear box, transparent window 7
Outside is provided with Electronic Speculum 21, and the outside of middle section shear box is arranged in Electronic Speculum 21, can move up and down the bat realized to shear surface
It takes the photograph, the variation of shear surface when record is sheared, passes through follow-up data and handle the analysis macro thin sight situation of change of shear surface.
Scheme described in the present embodiment is electrolysed the soil body by the way that electrode is arranged in shear box upper and lower ends, realizes the soil body
Internal cation replacement changes the specific gravity for combining water and Free water to realize the improvement to soil body water imbibition, to study the soil body
The changing rule of soil body mechanical property provides foundation under water imbibition and Frozen-thawed cycled；Shear box top design condenser pipe circulation constant temperature
Liquid carries out temperature exchange, realizes the simulation that single-ended freeze thawing is carried out to soil sample, and moisture content built in inside soil body is popped one's head in, and can test the soil body
When freezing, water translocation is studied in the variation of moisture content.By the design of annular shear box, it can be achieved that circulation shear,
The problem that circulation subtracts middle leakage soil is avoided, to realize to soil shear strength under freeze-thaw cycles, the test of dynamic characteristics
With the research of changing rule, the apparatus structure is ingenious in design, easy to implement, practical value and promotional value with higher.
Embodiment 2, is based on test device described in embodiment 1, and the present embodiment discloses a kind of season based on electrochemistry improvement
The test method of the comprehensive mechanics test device of section property frozen soil, comprising the following steps:
(1), it will be placed in shear box 6 according to the soil body layering of design water content configuration, be successively compacted；And pass through dry density
Control compactness, the ratio between sample preparation dry density and maximum dry density be compactness, shaving between each layer soil body, to avoid appearance
Soil body layering；
(2), bolt 16, observation first pressure sensor reading, until first pressure sensor is read are pressed by screwing axis
Stopping when reaching setting axial compressive force, it is ensured that entire electrolysis freeze thawing cyclic process and shear history are complete under normal normal stiffness
At；
(3), the measurement according to early period to soil body mineralogical composition, the cation to be replaced of determination select salting liquid and determination
Concentration of salt solution；It is passed through the salting liquid of determining concentration in anode ion exchange pipe 15, is passed through in cathode ion exchange pipe 9
Ionized water；
(4) voltage for setting variable-voltage power supply 13, starts to be electrolysed, and observes cation concn testing tube 8, to semi-permeable membrane from cathode
When ion exchange pipe lateral deviation moves to anode ion exchange pipe side, illustrate that cation is had moved after electrolysis to cathode, it was demonstrated that soil
Internal portion cation has been completed to replace, to carry out next step test；
(5) condenser pipe 4 built in 6 top of shear box is connected with water bath device 23, realizes soil by setting bath temperature
Sample freezes and melts, and temperature is from top to bottom transmitted by soil sample top surface, and temperature is passed by earth's surface under natural conditions for simulation
It is delivered to inside soil layer；
(6) soil sample from top to bottom starts to cool down or heat up, down or up with temperature, and moisture can occur inside soil sample
Migration, so by moisture content probe 25 built-in in vertical baffle 5, and cooperate moisture content digital display device, by measuring the soil body
Resonant frequency determine soil moisture content:
Wherein, F is moisture content, and L is the inductance of oscillator, and C is soil capacitor, CbFor capacitor related with instrument；
(7) after soil sample completes the freezing-thawing cycles set, by the rotational frequency, the rotation side that set variable-frequency motor 24
Come to apply shearing force to soil sample to, rotation amplitude and rotation period, the size for the shearing force that upper and lower shear surface is subject to respectively corresponds
Measured by second pressure sensor and third pressure sensor, then can obtain shear stress τ=T ÷ π r that soil sample is subject to2, wherein T
For the shearing force at shear surface；
(8) soil sample axial force variation in shear history is measured in real time by first pressure sensor 17, and axial displacement (is answered
Become) variation measured in real time by displacement sensor 1, in conjunction with shear history shear displacemant (strain), shear stress drafting soil sample shearing
Displacement curve, measures the cohesive strength and damping ratio of soil sample, and then obtains hysteresis loop of the sample under circulation shear, calculates sample
Modulus at rapid deformation and damping ratio；
(9) soil sample is in shear history, observes shear surface macroscopic view situation of change by sub- gram window 7, by by Electronic Speculum 21
It is installed on 7 outside of acrylic window, shear surface is shot, gained image is handled, object is obtained by shooting
Continuous speckle image in deformation process is measured using correlation metric with reference to sub-district on the basis of gray-scale Matching algorithm
With the similarity degree of target sub-district, to acquire the displacement and deformation of measured target.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not that the invention has other forms of limitations, appoint
What those skilled in the art changed or be modified as possibly also with the technology contents of the disclosure above equivalent variations etc.
It imitates embodiment and is applied to other fields, but without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, according to the technical essence of the invention
Any simple modification, equivalent variations and remodeling to the above embodiments, still fall within the protection scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the comprehensive mechanics test device of frost zone based on electrochemistry improvement, which is characterized in that including cutting system, electrolysis
System, temperature control system, stress application system and monitoring system of stress and strain；
The cutting system includes the steel framework (3) of pedestal (27) and setting on pedestal (27), the top of steel framework (3)
It is provided with axis pressure load plate (28), axis presses load plate (28) to be connected by axis pressure bolt (16) with steel framework (3)；Pedestal
(27) it is provided with a cylindrical shear box (6) on, is provided with end cap at the top of shear box (6), is provided with soil in shear box (6)
Sample, the shear box (6) include upper section shear box, middle section shear box and lower section shear box；Upper section shear box and lower section shear box
Corresponding to be fixedly connected by the first rigid tentacle (19) and the second rigid tentacle (11) with steel framework (3), middle section is cut
It cuts box to be connected with a variable-frequency motor (24), realizes round-trip shearing motion；
The electrolysis system includes variable-voltage power supply (13), electrolyte circulation end (12), the anode electrode that soil sample top is arranged in
(14) and the cathode electrode (10) of soil sample lower part is set, anode electrode (14) is connected with variable-voltage power supply (13) anode, cathode
Electrode (10) is connected with the cathode of variable-voltage power supply (13)；Anode electrode (14) and cathode electrode (10) are all made of graphite material, and
Anode electrode (14) and cathode electrode (10) are double-layer structure, are provided with anode ion in the intermediate course of anode electrode (14)
(15) are managed in exchange, are provided with cathode ion exchange pipe (9) in the intermediate course of cathode electrode (10), anode ion exchange pipe (15)
It is connected with electrolyte circulation end (12) with cathode ion exchange pipe (9), and anode ion exchange pipe (15) and cathode ion are handed over
It changes pipe (9) to be connected by cation concn testing tube (8), cation concn testing tube (8) is U-tube, and half is provided in U-tube
Permeable membrane, to judge the degree of electrolysis；
The temperature control system includes the condenser pipe (4) of water bath device (23), setting in shear box (6) top end cover, described cold
Solidifying pipe (4) is connected with water bath device by condensate liquid input pipe (18) and condensate liquid efferent duct (20) and forms circulation loop；
The stress application system includes axis pressure load plate, axis pressure bolt (16) and spring assembly (2)；The spring assembly (2)
Setting presses bolt (16) between axis pressure load plate (28) and shear box (6), through adjustment axis, realizes that spring assembly (2) provide
The load of normal direction perseverance rigidity；
The ess-strain system includes pressure digital display device (22), first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor and
Three pressure sensors, first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor and third pressure sensor with pressure digital display device
It is connected, the first pressure sensor is arranged between spring assembly (2) and shear box (6), and the setting of second pressure sensor exists
Between first rigid tentacle (19) and steel framework (3), the setting of third pressure sensor is in the second rigid tentacle (11) and steel
Between frame (3).
2. the comprehensive mechanics test device of the frost zone according to claim 1 based on electrochemistry improvement, feature exist
In: the variable-frequency motor (24) is electrically connected with a motor numerical control display system (26), the output shaft and a tooth of variable-frequency motor (24)
Wheel is connected, and the circumferencial direction of middle section shear box side wall is provided with groove circle, the groove circle is engaged with gear, passes through variable-frequency electric
Machine (24) drives the round-trip shearing motion of middle section shear box progress different rates.
3. the comprehensive mechanics test device of the frost zone according to claim 1 based on electrochemistry improvement, feature exist
In: vertical baffle (5) are additionally provided on the inner wall of the shear box (6), to prevent the soil body and shear box (6) from generating opposite position
It moves.
4. the comprehensive mechanics test device of the frost zone according to claim 1 based on electrochemistry improvement, feature exist
In: using the design of interior outer double-layer structure, internal layer is fiber increasing for the anode ion exchange pipe (15) and cathode ion exchange pipe (9)
Strong amphoteric ion exchange membrane.
5. the comprehensive mechanics test device of the frost zone according to claim 1-4 based on electrochemistry improvement,
It is characterized by: the transparent window (7) of acrylic material is provided on the side wall of the middle section shear box, transparent window (7)
Outside is provided with Electronic Speculum (21).
6. the comprehensive mechanics test device of the frost zone according to claim 5 based on electrochemistry improvement, feature exist
In: the anode ion exchange pipe (15) and cathode ion exchange pipe (9) are using helical structure design.
7. the comprehensive mechanics test device of the frost zone according to claim 6 based on electrochemistry improvement, feature exist
In: the vertical baffle (5) is cruciform baffles agitated vessel, is fixedly connected with the inner wall of shear box (6), and built-in in vertical baffle (5)
Moisture content is popped one's head in (25), and the moisture content probe (25) is connected with a moisture content digital display device.
8. the comprehensive mechanics test device of the frost zone according to claim 7 based on electrochemistry improvement, feature exist
Include circulation salting liquid end and circulation deionization water end (W.E.) in: electrolyte circulation end (12), recycle salting liquid end and anode from
Son exchange pipe (15) is connected, and circulation deionization water end (W.E.) is connected with cathode ion exchange pipe (9).
9. the comprehensive mechanics test device of the frost zone according to claim 8 based on electrochemistry improvement, feature exist
In: it is additionally provided with displacement sensor (1) on the lower surface of axis pressure load plate (28), institute's displacement sensors use laser position
Displacement sensor.
10. the test method of the comprehensive mechanics test device of frost zone based on electrochemistry improvement, which is characterized in that including with
Lower step:
(1), it will be placed in shear box (6) according to the soil body layering of design water content configuration, be successively compacted；And by dry density come
Control compactness, shaving between each layer soil body, to avoid there is soil body layering；
(2), by screwing axis pressure bolt (16), observation first pressure sensor reading, until first pressure sensor reading reaches
Stop when to setting axial compressive force, it is ensured that entire electrolysis freeze thawing cyclic process and shear history are complete under normal normal stiffness
At；
(3), the measurement according to early period to soil body mineralogical composition, the cation to be replaced of determination select salting liquid and determine that salt is molten
Liquid concentration；The salting liquid for being passed through determining concentration in pipe (15) is exchanged in anode ion, is passed through in cathode ion exchange pipe (9)
Ionized water；
(4) voltage for setting variable-voltage power supply (13), starts to be electrolysed, and observes cation concn testing tube (8), to semi-permeable membrane from cathode
When ion exchange pipe lateral deviation moves to anode ion exchange pipe side, illustrate that cation is had moved after electrolysis to cathode, it was demonstrated that soil
Internal portion cation has been completed to replace, to carry out next step test；
(5) condenser pipe (4) built in shear box (6) top is connected with water bath device (23), is realized by setting bath temperature
Soil sample is freezed and is melted, and temperature is from top to bottom transmitted by soil sample top surface, simulation under natural conditions temperature by earth's surface
It is transmitted to inside soil layer；
(6) soil sample from top to bottom starts to cool down or heat up, down or up with temperature, and moisture can occur inside soil sample and move
It moves, and then moisture content digital display device is cooperated by moisture content probe (25) built-in in vertical baffle (5), pass through the measurement soil body
Resonant frequency determines soil moisture content:
Wherein, F is moisture content, and L is the inductance of oscillator, and C is soil capacitor, CbFor capacitor related with instrument；
(7) after soil sample completes the freezing-thawing cycles set, by the rotational frequency, the rotation side that set variable-frequency motor (24)
Come to apply shearing force to soil sample to, rotation amplitude and rotation period, the size for the shearing force that upper and lower shear surface is subject to respectively corresponds
Measured by second pressure sensor and third pressure sensor, then can obtain shear stress τ=T ÷ π r that soil sample is subject to2, wherein T
For the shearing force at shear surface；
(8) soil sample in shear history axial force variation is measured in real time by first pressure sensor (17), axial displacement change by
Displacement sensor (1) measures in real time, and the shear displacemant curve of soil sample is drawn in conjunction with shear history shear displacemant, shear stress, is measured
The cohesive strength and damping ratio of soil sample, and then hysteresis loop of the sample under circulation shear is obtained, calculate modulus at rapid deformation and the resistance of sample
Buddhist nun's ratio；
(9) soil sample is in shear history, observes shear surface macroscopic view situation of change by sub- gram window (7), by by Electronic Speculum (21)
It is installed on the outside of acrylic window (7), shear surface is shot, gained image is handled, target is obtained by shooting
Continuous speckle image during composition deformation is measured using correlation metric on the basis of gray-scale Matching algorithm with reference to son
The similarity degree in area and target sub-district, to acquire the displacement and deformation of measured target.
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| CN111948031A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-11-17 | 吉林大学 | Soil body direct shear test device considering water heating power salt coupling effect |
| CN117054315A (en) * | 2023-10-13 | 2023-11-14 | 东北林业大学 | Frozen soil permeability coefficient measurement system |
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